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The species of the Oriental leafhopper genus Subulatus YangZhang are reviewed. A new species, Subulatus flavidus sp. nov., from Yunnan Province, China is described and a key to all known species of Subulatus is provided.

A new species Pedionis ( Pedionis ) damingshanensis sp. nov. from Guangxi of China is described and illustrated, a known species P . ( P .) garuda (Distant, 1916) rec. nov. is reported for the first time and redescribed based on 4 specimens in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan of China, a new combination P . ( P .) hamiltoni (Li, Dai & Li, 2014) comb. nov. from the genus Varicopsella is revealed and a junior synonym Varicopsella ( Multispinulosa ) Li, Dai & Li, 2014 syn. nov. under Pedionis ( Pedionis ) Hamilton, 1980 is proposed.

A new monobasic leafhopper subgenus, Varicopsella ( Multispinulosa ) Li, Dai, and Li, subgen. nov., of the subfamily Macropsinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Membracoidea: Cicadellidae) is proposed to accommodate Varicopsella ( Multispinulosa ) hamiltoni Li, Dai, and Li, sp. nov.from Guangxi province of China. The new subgenus and new species are described and illustrated. They can be distinguished mainly by characteristics of the fore wings with two anteapical cells; weak dorsoventrally flattened body; aedeagal shaft with paired apical processes on ventral margin; and the shape of the dorsal connective. An updated checklist and an illustrated key for identification of the species of Varicopsella along with geographical distributions of the species are given.

The genus Soractellus Evans, 1966 is reported for the first time based on a new species, Soractellus jianfengensis sp. nov., here described and illustrated from China. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The paper deals with a new leafhopper genus of Evacanthinae, Shortcrowna gen. nov., and four species of the genus, including three new combinations and one new species, Shortcrowna biguttata (LiWang, 2002) comb. nov., Shortcrowna flavocapitata (Kato, 1933) comb. nov., Shortcrowna nigrimargina (LiWang, 2002) comb. nov., Shortcrowna leishanensis sp. nov.. The differences between the new genus and the closely related genus Bundera Distant are discussed. A key to distinguish all species of the genus is given, and illustrations of genitalia are provided. The type specimens of new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (GUGC).

The Oriental leafhopper genus Rufitidia Dworakowska (1994) is reported for the first time from China, the genus is redescribed, and a new species, R. forficata sp. n., from Guizhou Province, is described and illustrated. A key to males of the genus is provided.

The group of Chinese Macropsis species dwelling on oak (Quercus spp.) is reviewed and nine species are recognized. Among them, three new species, Macropsis huangbana sp. nov. from Shaanxi and Yunnan Provinces, M. latiprocessa sp. nov. from Guizhou Province and M. longiprocessa sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, are described and illustrated; M. irenae Viraktamath, 1981 (= M. irrorata Tishechkin, 2002, nec Matsumura, 1912) is recorded from China and Japan for the first time; M. meifengensis HuangViraktamath, 1993 and M. jozankeana (Matsumura, 1912) are redescribed based on examination of specimens from mainland China and adjacent territories of Russia respectively; translation of the original description of M. rubrosternalis Kuoh, 1992 from Chinese is provided, also a key to species of Oak-dwelling Macropsis from China is present.

Five new leafhopper species, Qadria bannaensis, Q. daliensis, Q. dongfanga, Q. guiyanga and Q. cucullata spp. nov. from Yunnan, Hainan and Guizhou Prov. of China are described and illustrated, and a key to all species of the genus Qadria is provided.

The species of the Oriental leafhopper genus Multiformis LiLi are reviewed. A new species, Multiformis ramosus sp. nov., from Yunnan Province, China is described and a key to all known species of Multiformis is provided.

The (nine) valid species of Japanagallia Ishihara, 1955 from Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces, and Guangxi Autonomous Region of Southwest China are reviewed and four new species J. gracilenta sp. nov., J. neohamata sp. nov., J. trifurcata sp. nov. and J. viraktamathi sp. nov. are described and illustrated. These species can be distinguished by unique features of the aedeagus. J. hamata ZhangLi, 1999 is redescribed and illustrated based on the holotype and material from Guizhou Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region. A checklist and a key for identification of species of the genus Japanagallia are provided along with a map showing the distribution of Japanagallia in Guizhou, and Yunnan Provinces, and Guangxi Autonomous Region.

This paper describes and illustrates a new Calodia leafhopper species from China (Oriental Region), namely Calodia dentispina Fan, Li & Chen, sp. n. (Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae: Coelidiini) and provides a distribution map for the new species. A key to the Chinese coelidiine genera and species of Calodia is also provided.

Two new species of leafhoppers: Abrus damingshanensis sp. n. (from Guangxi) and A. expansivus sp. n. (from Guizhou) are described and illustrated from China. A map showing the geographic distribution of the two new species is given. Taxonomic notes on species of the genus Abrus is also provided.

Two new species of the Macropsinae leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura, 1912, P. (P.) damingshanensis Li, Dai & Li, sp. n. and P. (P.) tishetshkini Li, Dai & Li sp. n., are described and illustrated from Guangxi Province of southern China. A key to males is provided to distinguish the species of the subgenus along with a map showing the distribution of the new species.

In the present paper, nine new species, Arboridia anteoculara, A. baiyunensis, A. reniformis, A. lunula, A. cuihuashana, A. paraprocessa, A. echinata, A. tridentata, A. zhenyuana spp. n. and a new record, A. agrillacea from China, are described and illustrated and a key for identification of Chinese species is provided.

Three new species, Arboridia (Arboridia) magna sp.nov., A. (Arborifera) mira sp.nov. and A. (Arboridia) sexprocessa sp.nov. from Phitsanulok, Thailand are described and illustrated. A key for the identification of species of Arboridia from Thailand is provided. Arboridia (Arboridia) koreana Oh & Jung 2015 is synonymised with A. (Arboridia) agrillacea (Anufriev 1969).

Three new species of the leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides ( Pediopsoides ) Matsumura, 1912, P . ( P .) alba Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, P . ( P .) amplificata Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. and P. ( P .) longiapophysis Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. from Guangdong Province, Southern China, are described and illustrated. A key and an updated checklist with distribution to the Pediopsoides ( Pediopsoides ) species along with geographical distribution maps of the new species are given.

The leafhopper genus Salka Dworakowska, 1972 belongs to the Typhlocybinae tribe Erythroneurini with Zygina nigricans Matsumura, 1932 as its type species. The known species of this genus are distributed in the Oriental and Palearctic regions. Recently, it was reviewed by Zhang et al. (2009), Ohara (2012) and Song & Li (2012). Seventy-eight species are known, including 36 species from China. In this present work, two new species from China are described and illustrated. All specimens examined are deposited to the collection of the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China (GUGC).

The leafhopper genus Kabakra was established with Kabakra augusta from Vietnam as its type species by Dworakowska (1979). Later, another two species were described from India (Sohi & Mann 1992, Mathew & Ramakrishnan 1996). The genus was reviewed by Cao et al. (2012), who redescribed the genus and added three new species from China and Thailand. So far, six species have been reported, all from the Oriental region (see Dmitriev, 2016). In the present paper, two new species, K. chaiyaphuma and K. sakona spp. nov. are described and illustrated, with a key and a checklist to all known species of Kabakra.

A new leafhopper genus of the tribe Idiocerini (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae), Chinaocerus, is described from the southwest China together with three new species, C. kangdingensis Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Sichuan Province), C. bispinatus Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Yunnan Province) and C. shii Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Sichuan Province). Descriptions and illustrations of these three new species are provided, and a key for their separation is also given.

A new species, Bambusananus bispinosus sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. A key based on the aedeagus is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

In the present paper, seven new species, Salka cerviprocessa, S. congjianga, S. fanjinga, S. guilinensis, S. songae, S. taoyuanensis and S. triprocessa spp. n. from China are described and illustrated.

The deltocephaline genus Reticulum, of tribe Athysanini, was established by Dai, Li & Chen (2006) with Reticulum transvittatum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 as its type species. Dai & Zhang (2008) reviewed this genus and described two new species: R. trispinosum and R. lanceolatum from China. Recently, Dai (2009) proposed a new replacement name Neoreticulum to Reticulum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 because the latter is a junior homonym of Reticulum Schröder, Medioli & Scott, 1989, and made three new combinations.

The typhlocybine genus Thaia Ghauri, 1962 belongs to the tribe Erythroneurini with Thaia oryzivora Ghauri, 1962 as its type species. The genus consists of three subgenera: Niema Dworakowska, 1979, Nlunga Dworakowska, 1974 and Thaia Ghauri, 1962. Up to the present, 34 described species are distributed throughout the Oriental and Afrotropical regions, and some species are pests of rice. (Ghauri 1962; Song & Li 2008).

Stenatkina Young, 1986 is a sharpshooter genus that includes six species, three of them recorded from China. In this paper, twonew species, S. moliensis sp. nov. and S. luteimacula sp. nov. are added. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus.Descriptions and illustrations of the male and female genitalia of the new species and of other Chinese species are provided. S. heveli Young is newly recorded from China. Comparative notes on the female genitalia within Stenatkina are provided. The preliminary results show that the female genitalia provide useful features for distinguishing Stenatkina species.

A new monobasic genus and species of the tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) from Guizhou province of China is described and illustrated. Spinoagallia gen. nov. accommodates S. freytagi sp. nov.. The new species can be distinguished mainly by the unique characters of the male genitalia, combining the macrosetae on the outward and spine-like process curved ventrally on the inward pygofer caudodorsal lobe. A key for identification to new genus based on modifying primal key by Viraktamath (2011) is given. A map showing the geographic distribution of the new species is also provided.

Colour polymorphism in a leafhopper species Macropsis notata (Prohaska, 1923) is investigated based on large quantitiesof materials from China, eight colour forms are recognized. The following new synonymies are proposed: M. salicis Li, 1989 syn. nov. and M. matsudanis Wei & Cai, 1998 syn. nov. of M. notata (Prohaska, 1923).

Seven new species of the genus Macropsis from China, M. adusta sp. nov., M. exteria sp. nov., M. hainanensis sp. nov., M. latiaedeagus sp. nov., M. lijiangensis sp. nov., M. robusta sp. nov. and M. tuberculiformis sp. nov. are described and illustrated; three species, M. emeljanovi Dubovskiy, 1966, M. illota (Horvath, 1899) and M. orientalis (Distant, 1916) are recorded from China for the first time; M. flavida Vilbaste, 1980 = M. recurvus Kuoh, 1981 syn. nov. and M. matsumurana (China, 1925) = M. pallidinota Kuoh, 1992 syn. nov. are redescribed and illustrated basing on the materials from China. A replacement name, M. zizhongi Li, Dai et Li, nom. nov. for the junior homonym M. gracilis Li et Liang, 2005 (nec Dubovskiy, 1966) is established.

The association of anionic surfactants,viz., sodium alkyl sulfates, C n H2n+1OSO3Na (n=5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12), withβ-cyclodextrin has been investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. The measurements of chemical shift changes of certain protons of both host and guest molecules indicated 1:1 inclusion complex formation. The association constants (K a) and standard free energy changes (−ΔG 0) for the inclusion complexation reaction vary as a function of the hydrocarbon chain length of the surfactants.

The paper deals with six new species of the genus Midoria Kato, 1931 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Ledrinae), Midoria denticulata sp. nov., Midoria deplanata sp. nov., Midoria zunyiensis sp. nov., Midoria hamulata sp. nov., Midoria torsiva sp. nov. and Midoria hastifera sp. nov.. A key to distinguish all species of the genus (except Midoria capitata Kato) is given. The type specimens of new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (GUGC).

An annotated checklist and generic key to the leafhopper tribe Scaphytopiini from China is provided. A new species Xenovarta subulata sp. nov. is described and illustrated from China. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

Emeljanov (1962) established the leafhopper genus Macednus with the type species Macednus marginatus Emeljanov, 1962 from USSR (Maritime Territory). Later, Vilbaste (1967) placed Macednus Emeljanov, 1962 as a junior subjective synonym of Albicostella Ishihara, 1953. Albicostella has Thamnotettix albicosta Matsumura,1914 as its type species. Oman, et al. (1990) followed Vilbaste (1967) in treating Macednus as a junior synonym of Albicostella and included the genus in the tribe Athysanini of subfamily Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Later, Hamilton (1975) reinstated Macednus as a separate genus.

The paper deals with the species of the Oriental leafhopper genus Taperus Li & Wang. A new species, Taperus daozhenensis sp. n., from Guizhou Province, China is described and new records for other Chinese species are given together with a key for their separation. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (GUGC).

This paper treats all four known species of the genus Neurotettix Matsumura, 1914 (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae), including one new species: Neurotettix truncatus sp. n. from China. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus, and illustrations of genitalia are provided.

Tetramethylsilane (TMS) can be included by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and sodium 2,2-dimethylsilapentane-5-sulphonate (DSS) can form inclusion complexes with β- and γ-CD. The NMR chemical shifts are changed considerably as a result of the strong interaction between CD and the guest compound in the inclusion complexes. A downfield shift of as much as 0.63 ppm shift downfield has been observed for the protons of external TMS in CD aqueous solution. In view of this, the question arises of whether TMS and DSS can be used as internal references. DSS in D2O is suggested as an external reference for aqueous cyclodextrin solution in NMR measurements.

Two new species of the genus Japananus Ball from China are described and illustrated: J. meilingensis sp. nov. and J. lamellosus sp. nov.. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The subfamily idiocerinae is a moderately large group of the leafhoppers, consisting of two tribes and more than 98 genera 650 species worldwide. So far 57 species under 14 genera of two tribes have been recorded from China. The leafhopper genus Jogocerus was described by Viraktamath (1979) with Jogocerus freytagi Viraktamath as the type species from India. In this paper, one new species J. hainanensis from Hainan Province, China is described and illustrated. This represents the first record of the genus from China. The type speciemens of the new species are deposited in the collections of the College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China.

The paper deals with four species of the genus Japananus Ball, 1931 (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae), including one new species from Sichuan Province, China, Japananus bicurvatus sp. nov.. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus, and illustrations of genitalia are provided. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (IEGU).

A review of the genus Cofana Melichar from China is presented. Ten species are recorded, of which two species are new: C. cheni sp. nov. and C. nii sp. nov. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC). In this paper, C. bidentata Krishnankutty & Viraktamath, 2008 is placed as junior synonym of C. yasumatsui Young, 1979. A key of all Chinese species of the genus is provided.

The genus Arboridia Zachvatkin is reviewed, including two new species Arboridia cincta sp.nov. and Arboridia ochracea sp.nov., from Henan province, China. A detailed morphological description and illustrations of the two new species are provided. A key to all known species from China is given.

A new species, Sangeeta sinuomacula Li, Dai & Li sp. nov., of tribe Agalliini of subfamily Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is described and illustrated from Yunnnan Province of Southwest China. The new species is easily distinguished from other Sangeeta species by the aedeagal shaft with a pair of slender processes instead of lamelliform lateral expansions. A key to Sangeeta species and updated checklist with distribution are provided.

An annotated checklist and generic key to the leafhopper tribe Vartini from China is provided. A new species Xenovarta falcata sp. nov. is described and illustrated, and a key is given to separate species of this genus from China. A map showing the geographic distribution of the new species is also provided. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The paper deals with 21 valid species of the genus Thagria from Guangxi Autonomous Region, China. Eight new species are described and illustrated: T. biprocessa Fan & Dai, sp. nov., T. decussata Fan & Dai, sp. nov., T. irregularis Fan & Dai, sp. nov., T. multispinosa Fan & Dai, sp. nov., T. paramultipars Fan & Li, sp. nov., T. triangula Fan & Li, sp. nov., T. trifasciata Fan & Li, sp. nov. and T. webbi Fan & Li, sp. nov.. A key is given to distinguish all species of this genus from Guangxi, China and maps showing the geographic distribution of new species are also provided. The name Thagria xuae nom. emend. is given for T. xui Nielson.

To investigate the effect of liquid extract of Lishi No.5 formula in protecting the neurons from excitatory amino acid injury.Cultured neonatal SD rat hippocampal neurons were treated with 300 micromol/L NMDA and 5 micromol/L glycine for 10 min, and the conditioned culture medium was replaced by normal culture medium. After cell culture for 18 h, MTT assay and Hoechst33258 staining were performed to examine the cell survival rate and cell apoptosis, respectively. Intracellular free calcium concentration was assayed by image analysis of the calcium signals with confocal microscope and Fluo-3/AM indicator.The survival rate of the cultured cell was significantly decreased in response to treatment with 300 micromol/L NMDA and 5 micromol/L glycine, but the effects were obviously reversed by treatment with 0.5 mg/ml liquid extract from Lishi No.5 formula. Intracellular free calcium concentration was significantly increased by 10 micromol/L NMDA, which was remarkably inhibited by the liquid extract. The effects of NMDA on intracellular free calcium was abolished by pretreatment of the cells with MK-801 for 10 min, whereas the liquid extract significantly lowered the antagonizing effect of MK-801.Lishi No.5 formula protects the neurons from toxicity by excitatory amino acids possibly by alleviating intracellular free calcium overload induced by these amino acids.

To investigate the effect of Lishi No.5 formula on the growth of human neuroblastoma cell line SY5Y and find out the most effective drug dose.SY5Y cells were administrated by Lishi No.5 formula in different concentration. MTT metabolic rate was measured as the cell survival rate, then the dose-effect curve was made. LDH leakage rate, axonal length and area of cell body were used as the indicators.In 0.125-0.75 g x L(-1) Lishi No. 5 formula could increase the cell survival rate and MTT metabolic rate, decreased LDH leakage rate, and enhance axonal length and area of cell body, compared with control group.Lishi No.5 formula has the neurotrophic effect and can induce the survival of neuron.

The species of the Oriental leafhopper genus Subulatus Yang & Zhang are reviewed. A new species, Subulatus flavidus sp. nov., from Yunnan Province, China is described and a key to all known species of Subulatus is provided.

The genus Soractellus Evans, 1966 is reported for the first time based on a new species, Soractellus jianfengensis sp. nov., here described and illustrated from China. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The paper deals with a new leafhopper genus of Evacanthinae, Shortcrowna gen. nov., and four species of the genus, including three new combinations and one new species, Shortcrowna biguttata (Li & Wang, 2002) comb. nov., Shortcrowna flavocapitata (Kato, 1933) comb. nov., Shortcrowna nigrimargina (Li & Wang, 2002) comb. nov., Shortcrowna leishanensis sp. nov.. The differences between the new genus and the closely related genus Bundera Distant are discussed. A key to distinguish all species of the genus is given, and illustrations of genitalia are provided. The type specimens of new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (GUGC).

The group of Chinese Macropsis species dwelling on oak (Quercus spp.) is reviewed and nine species are recognized. Among them, three new species, Macropsis huangbana sp. nov. from Shaanxi and Yunnan Provinces, M. latiprocessa sp. nov. from Guizhou Province and M. longiprocessa sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, are described and illustrated; M. irenae Viraktamath, 1981 (= M. irrorata Tishechkin, 2002, nec Matsumura, 1912) is recorded from China and Japan for the first time; M. meifengensis Huang & Viraktamath, 1993 and M. jozankeana (Matsumura, 1912) are redescribed based on examination of specimens from mainland China and adjacent territories of Russia respectively; translation of the original description of M. rubrosternalis Kuoh, 1992 from Chinese is provided, also a key to species of Oak-dwelling Macropsis from China is present.

Five new leafhopper species, Qadria bannaensis, Q. daliensis, Q. dongfanga, Q. guiyanga and Q. cucullata spp. nov. from Yunnan, Hainan and Guizhou Prov. of China are described and illustrated, and a key to all species of the genus Qadria is provided.