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Ferroptosis contributes to brain injury after germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH). Mitochondrial ferritin (FTMT), a novel mitochondrial outer membrane protein, reduces oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. In vitro, Deferiprone has been shown to upregulate FTMT. However, the effects of FTMT upregulation by Deferiprone on neuronal ferroptosis after GMH and its underlying mechanism has not been investigated. In our study, 389 Sprague-Dawley rat pups of postnatal day 7 were used to establish a collagenase-induced GMH model and an iron-overload model of intracerebral FeCl2 injection. The brain expressions of FTMT, N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDGR1), Yes-associated protein (YAP), ferroptosis-related molecules including transferrin receptor (TFR) and acyl-CoA synthase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) were increased after GMH. FTMT agonist Deferiprone improved neurological deficits and hydrocephalus after GMH. Deferiprone or Adenovirus-FTMT enhanced YAP phosphorylation at the Ser127 site and attenuated ferroptosis, which was reversed by NDRG1 CRISPR Knockout. Iron overload induced neuronal ferroptosis and neurological deficits, which were improved by YAP CRISPR Knockout. Collectively, FTMT upregulation by Deferiprone reduced neuronal ferroptosis and neurological deficits via the NDRG1/YAP signaling pathway after GMH. Deferiprone may serve as a potential non-invasive treatment for GMH patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design and fabrication of phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes with high proton conductivity, mechanical property and phosphoric acid retention stability has been a critical challenge. In this study, a sulfonated ionic covalent organic framework (SCOF) was in-situ synthesized in the polybenzimidazole matrix. The high-density sulfonic groups and ordered channel structure of SCOF rendered the as-prepared composite membrane high proton conductivity under low phosphoric acid doping level. Additionally, the introduction of SCOF helped to immobilize the phosphoric acid, thus effectively reducing its loss and improving the acid retention stability. The acid-base interaction formed between the sulfonic acid and imidazole groups act as ionic crosslinkers, which significantly enhanced the mechanical-dimensional stability of composite membranes. As a result, the PA-PBI/SCOF composite membrane exhibited a high proton conductivity up to 542.1 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, 100 % RH and 134.1 mS cm−1 at 30 °C, 50 % RH, as well as a high mechanical strength up to 64.0 MPa (PA uptake: 67.47 %). This in-situ synthesis strategy offers a promising new approach to fabricate covalent organic framework-based composite membranes for various applications. [Display omitted] • A sulfonated covalent organic framework (SCOF) was in-situ synthesized in polybenzimidazole matrix to prepare composite membranes. • The as-prepared composite membrane exhibited high mechanical strength, proton conductivity and phosphoric acid retention stability. • The composite membrane showed comparable performance in electrochemical hydrogen compression and proton exchange membrane fuel cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]