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The dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ) was synthesized by reduction of tetrabenazine with sodium borohydride in ethanol. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained from a mixed solution of dichloromethane and ethanol in a five-to-one volume ratio. The crystal is monoclinic, space group P21/c with crystallographic parameters: a = 15.0129(14) , b = 12.5677(12) , c = 9.7715(9) , β = 98.556(2)°, μ = 0.078 mm−1, V = 1823.1(3) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.164 g/cm3, F(000) = 696, T = 296(2) K. The X-ray analysis and the chiral HPLC show that the DTBZ prepared by our method consists of (2R,3R,11bR) and (2S,3S,11bS) enantiomers.

The title compound tetrabenazine was synthesized by reaction of 3-dimethyl-aminomethylheptan-2-one and 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline hydrochloride. This approach provides an efficient and concise way to the synthesis of the marketed drug tetrabenazine. The colorless single crystal of tetrabenazine suitable for X-ray analysis was obtained from saturated methanol solution. The X-ray results showed that tetrabenazine consists of (3R, 11bR) and (3S, 11bS) enantiomers. Two terminal methyl groups are disordered in the (3R, 11bR) enantiomer.

Scanning acoustic microscope (SAM) is usually used to detect whether the chips, substrate and pins of PEMs have delamination, cracks, voids and other defects. In this paper, a method of identifying surface treatment counterfeit components using SAM was proposed. In the proposed method, the suspicious components were scanned respectively using scanning modes of A-scan, X-scan and C-scan to focus on different depths of interface. The final image was obtained to identify the fake features. Finally, based on the actual case, validity and accuracy of the method to identify the counterfeit components were analyzed and verified. SAM operates non-destructively and proved to be an extremely useful tool complementing current state-of-the-art methods for counterfeit identification.

The title compound, 3-methyl-4-phenyl-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole was synthesized by reaction of diphenylphosphazoanilide with N-acetyl-N′-(2-pyridoyl)hydrazine. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained from a mixed solution of water and ethanol in a one-to-one volume ratio. The crystal is orthorhombic, space group P212121 with crystallographic parameters: a = 19.414(4) A, b = 17.172(3) A, c = 7.4850(15) A, β = 90.00°, μ = 0.079 mm−1, V = 2495.3(8) A3, Z = 8, Dc = 1.258 g/cm3, F(000) = 992, T = 295(2) K. The X-ray results showed that in the crystal structure of the title compound, the 1,2,4-triazole, pyridine and benzene rings are not coplanar. The title compound was synthesized by reaction of diphenylphosphazoanilide with N-acetyl-N′-(2-pyridoyl)hydrazine, and the crystal structure shows that its three aromatic rings (1,2,4-triazole, pyridine and benzene rings) do not share a common plane.

To provide a convenient and facile method to evaluate the radiochemical purity (RCP) of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 in quality control of routine clinical application, a simplified method of single-strip thin layer chromatography (TLC) was developed and validated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The RCP data of TLC correlated well with HPLC.

Based on the part of DTS in smart grid dispatch control system, we have a research on steady-state simulation model of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC (Voltage Source Conveter-High Voltage Direct Current) and hybrid solution algorithm of AC/DC system, and propose the alternating solution algorithm based on the Newton-Raphson method in this paper. Finally, a simulation example is given, and the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm in this paper are verified by the results of example.

The in vivo binding analysis of vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) to radioligand has provided a means of investigating related disorders. Anesthesia is often inevitable when the investigations are performed in animals. In the present study, we tested effects of four commonly-used anesthetics: isoflurane, pentobarbital, chloral hydrate and ketamine, on in vivo VMAT2 binding to (18)F-FP-(+)-DTBZ, a specific VMAT2 radioligand, in rat brain.The transient equilibrium time window for in vivo binding of (18)F-FP-(+)-DTBZ after a bolus injection was firstly determined. The brain biodistribution studies under anesthetized and awake rats were then performed at the equilibrium time. Standard uptake values (SUVs) of the interest brain regions: the striatum (ST), hippocampus (HP), cortex (CX) and cerebellum (CB) were obtained; and ratios of tissue to cerebellum were calculated.Isoflurane and pentobarbital did not alter distribution of (18)F-FP-(+)-DTBZ in the brain relative to the awake group; neither SUVs nor ratios of ST/CB and HP/CB were altered significantly. Chloral hydrate significantly increased SUVs of all the brain regions, but did not significantly alter ratios of ST/CB and HP/CB. Ketamine significantly increased SUVs of the striatum, hippocampus and cortex, and insignificantly increased the SUV of the cerebellum; consequently, ketamine significantly increased ratios of ST/CB and HP/CB.It is concluded that in vivo VMAT2 binding to (18)F-FP-(+)-DTBZ are not altered by isoflurane and pentobarbital, but altered by chloral hydrate and ketamine. Isoflurane and pentobarbital may be promising anesthetic compounds for investigating in vivo VMAT2 binding. Further studies are warranted to investigate the interactions of anesthetics with VMAT2 binding potential with in vivo PET studies.

KEYWORD: cloud computing, power system, on-line analysis, parallel computing, distributed com- munication ABSTRACT: In this paper, the online analysis framework based on cloud computing is presented, and the numerical calculation types of the power system is summarized. A collaborative computing model is presented on the basis of the analysis and comparison of parallel computing model and dis- tributed computing model. This model is a parallel numerical model which support distributed com- munication, intermediate data transmission and unified monitoring. It realized the loose integration of the data cloud and the model cloud, achieves the requirements of the integrated computing. Finally, we apply the computing cloud architecture to state estimation and static contingency analysis which have the typical parallel and distributed computing mode. The practical performance can meet the requirements of the future scheduling model for online analysis and calculation.

Until recently the opioid receptor family was thought to consist of only the mu-, delta- and kappa-receptors. The cloning of opioid receptor like receptor (ORL1) and its endogenous ligand nociceptin/orphanin FQ, which displayed anti-opioid properties, has raised the issue of functional co-operativity of this system with the classical opioid system. ORL1 receptor knockout mice have been successfully developed by homologous recombination to allow the issue of potential heterogeneity of this receptor and also of compensatory changes in mu-, delta- or kappa-receptors in the absence of ORL1 to be addressed. We have carried out quantitative autoradiographic mapping of these receptors in the brains of mice that are wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous for the deletion of the ORL1 receptor. ORL1, mu-, delta- and kappa-receptors were labelled with [(3)H] leucyl-nociceptin (0.4 nM), [(3)H] DAMGO (4 nM), [(3)H] deltorphin-I (7 nM), and [(3)H] CI-977 (2.5 nM) respectively. An approximately 50% decrease in [(3)H] leucyl-nociceptin binding was seen in heterozygous ORL1 mutant mice and there was a complete absence of binding in homozygous brains indicating the single gene encodes for the ORL1 receptor and any putative subtypes. No significant gross changes in the binding to other opioid receptors were seen across genotypes in the ORL1 mutant mice demonstrating a lack of major compensation of classical opioid receptors in the absence of ORL1. There were a small number of region specific changes in the expression of classical opioid receptors that may relate to interdependent function with ORL1.

The Industrial Revolution in particular and industrialization in general paved the way for comprehensive modernization. The coal-mining industry played an irreplaceable role in worldwide industrial...

Improving the teaching quality of fundamental chemistry experiment (FCE) course is one of the important ways to cultivate the creative talents in the universities and colleges. In consideration of the present problems in the teaching of FCE course, several measures are put forward in this paper, which involves: increasing the studentsunderstanding of importance of FCE course and interests in learning FCE course, cultivating the students' study style of combining theory with practice, implementing the mode of open experiment teaching and establishing the scientific experimental assessment system. The implementation of these measures greatly inspires the students' motivation of autonomous learning and improves the teaching quality of FCE course. polymer materials and engineering, environmental engineering and water supply and drainage. At present, there exist several problems in the teaching of FCE course as follows. (ⅰ) The new students lacked the basic knowledge and skills of chemistry experiment operations. Many of the students came from the rural high schools and did not take the chemistry experiment course when they studied in the high schools. They are not familiar with the names and use methods of the basic glassware. (ⅱ) Part of the students are not really interested in the experiment and do not pay attentions to the course. They are not able to do good preview before experiment and carefully do their experiment during the course. (ⅲ) Part of the students could not use the theoretical knowledge learned in the theory teaching to guide their experiments. After the experiments, they could not still completely understand the purpose and principle of the experiment and clearly figure out what they have learnt from the experiment course. (ⅳ) Most of the experiments are verification ones and done based on the textbook.The studentsautonomous learning atmosphere has not been yet established. (ⅴ) Existing evaluation system is not perfect and reasonable. The evaluation is conducted only based on the grade of ordinary times and grade of final experimental examination. These problems seriously affect the teaching quality of FCE course. Several measures are suggested to deal with these problems in order to increase the teaching quality of FCE course in this paper.

Reforming the teaching mode of fundamental chemistry experiment (FCE) course is important to realize the teaching target—cultivating the creative talents in the universities and colleges. For this goal, several measures are suggested in this paper: These measures involve “reforming the teaching contents, standing out the application and innovation; “reforming the teaching method, strengthening the students innovation abilities” and “focusing on the development of comprehensive quality, improving the evaluation system of the FCE course. The practice of these methods achieved significant effects in correcting and changing the student's attitudes to experiment, increasing the student's experiment ability and cultivating the the student's good scientific style. Keywordsreform, fundamental chemistry experiment; teaching mode, basic chemistry experiment; innovation

The reform of fundamental chemistry experiment (FCE) course is one of the important gateway to cultivate creative talents. Establishing a scientific comprehensive evaluation system of FCE course is one of the important contents of the reform of FCE course. In order to scientifically, reasonably, objectively and fairly evaluate the teaching quality of FCE course, an operational evaluation system is built in this paper. This system involves the grade of ordinary times, the grade of theory examination, the grade of operation examination and the grade of open experiment examination.According to the system, the evaluation is carried out throughout the experimental teaching process, which not only promote the students' theoretical study, but also stimulate their enthusiasms of autonomous learning and increase their practical beginning abilities. Keywordsfundamental chemistry experiment; evaluation; establishing; teaching reform

In the title complex, [Cu(C(3)H(4)N(2))(C(10)H(11)N(3))(2)](ClO(4))(2), the Cu(II) cation has a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry defined by a CuN(2)N'(2)N'' donor set. The imidazole ligand is disordered over two orientations of equal occupancy. Two of the perchlorate ion sites are located on a twofold rotation axis, and one of is disordered over two sites of equal occupancy. In the crystal structure there is a two-dimensional infinite network of hydrogen-bonded mol-ecules parallel to the ab plane.

We present a new hybrid channel allocation method which includes both the nominal channel allocation and dynamic channel allocation. More efficient channel usage is achieved through co-channel distance minimization. To further improve the performance, there is no division of fixed and dynamic channel groups. The dynamic channel pool includes all the channels in the system.

In the title compound, C15H18ClNO2, the internal torsion angles of the tropane ring are comparable to those of tropane rings in the crystal structures reported for cocaine and its derivatives. There is an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the N atom in the tropane ring and the O atom of the carboxyl group. The crystal structure is further stabilized by many weak C—H...O interactions between the molecules in the ab plane, forming a two-dimensional supramolecular network.