Search

Transverse arrangement is one of the main methods used in the polar inertial navigation system (INS). In the traditional algorithm, the calculation of using the earth ellipsoid model is complex, while using the earth sphere model cannot satisfy a high-accuracy application. Therefore, an approach based on the virtual sphere model is proposed, which has been proved in simulation experiments to reduce the computational complexity and maintain the same accuracy as the ellipsoid algorithm, but its accuracy has not yet been proved in theory. Starting from the basic principles of the ellipsoid and virtual sphere model algorithm, this paper compares the key formulations of the two. Finally, it is proved that the two arrangements are actually the same.

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after a single intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and oral (PO) dose at 1 mg/kg body weight in Jing Hong laying hens. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time points. Plasma meloxicam concentrations were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay method and then subjected to a non-compartmental analysis. After IV administration, meloxicam had a mean (±SD) volume of distribution at steady-state (Vd

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)-derived ophthalmic artery (OphA) branches are not common, and their management is very challenging. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of Trans OphA ethanol embolotherapy for these lesions. We retrospectively reviewed 26 patients with AVMs fed by OphA, who underwent transOphA embolization using ethanol from February, 2015 to December, 2019. Sixty-six transOphA embolotherapy procedures (range, 1-4 procedures; mean, 2.5 procedures) were performed. Devascularization degree, visual field, visual acuity, and quality-of-life outcomes were compared and analyzed at follow up (mean, 32.6 months; month range 10-60). Complications were recorded. Twenty-five of the 26 patients (96%) reported complete or 90% AVM devascularization while one patient (4%) showed 70% devascularization. Eleven patients (42%) presented with visual acuity impairments; among them, 6 had improvements while 4 were completely relieved. Eight patients (30.7%) presented visual field defects, 3 had improvements while 4 were completely relieved. Ten patients (38.4%) presented with diplopia and exophthalmos with 2 being completely relieved while 6 had major improvements. Bleeding was controlled in all cases (100%). All patients (100%) exhibited cosmetic deformities with 17 being completely relieved. Moreover, all patients (100%) exhibited impaired daily life, which was resolved in 21 patients with 5 patients reporting major improvements. After endovascular treatment, there was no vision loss, death, or permanent disability in any patient. TransOphA ethanol embolotherapy is efficacious and safe for symptomatic resolution or improvement of AVMs fed by OphA with acceptable complications without the risk of visual impairment.

A flow-limited physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model consisting of seven compartments was established for orbifloxacin in crucian carp to predict drug concentrations after intravenous or intramuscular injections. Physiological and anatomical parameters, including tissue weights and blood flow through different tissues, were obtained from previous literature. The tissue/plasma partition coefficients for orbifloxacin were calculated using the area method or parameter optimization. In addition, their values were 0.9326, 1.1204, 1.1644, 1.3514, and 2.0057 in the liver, skin, muscle, kidney, and the rest of the body compartment, respectively. Based on the current PBPK model, orbifloxacin concentrations were predicted and compared with those previously reported for further validation. In addition, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values were also calculated, with values ranging from 10.21% in plasma to 42.37% in kidneys, indicating acceptable predictions for all tissues and plasma. A local sensitivity analysis was performed, which showed that the parameters related to elimination and distribution were most influential on orbifloxacin concentrations in muscle. This model was finally used to predict plasma and tissue concentrations after multiple intramuscular dosing. The current PBPK model provided a valuable tool for predicting the tissue residues of orbifloxacin in crucian carp following intramuscular injection.

BACKGROUND Liver cancer is one of the most highly malignant cancers, characterized by easy metastasis and chemoradiotherapy resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs), including Lnc524369, are highly involved in the initiation, progression, radioresistance, and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the function of Lnc524369 remains unclear. AIM To explore the function of Lnc524369 in HCC. METHODS To investigate the effect of Lnc524369, tissue from 41 HCC patients were analyzed using CCK8, migration, and invasion assays. Lnc524369 and YWHAZ (also named 14-3-3ζ) mRNA were detected by qPCR, and YWHAZ and RAF1 proteins were detected by western blot in liver cancer cell lines and human HCC tissues. The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases, STRING database, Human Protein Atlas database, and the TCGA database were used for bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS Lnc524369 was significantly upregulated in the nucleus of liver cancer cells and human HCC tissues. Overexpression of Lnc524369 was associated with the proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. YWHAZ and RAF1 proteins and YWHAZ mRNA were overexpressed in liver cancer, which could be attenuated by overexpression of Lnc524369. Lnc524369 and its downstream target YWHAZ and RAF1 proteins were negatively associated with overall survival time. CONCLUSION Lnc524369 might be a promising target of HCC as it can enhance liver cancer progression and decrease the overall survival time of HCC by activating the YWHAZ/RAF1 pathway.

To summarize a 10-year, single-institution experience with ethanol embolization of nasal arteriovenous malformations (NAVMs) in 52 patients.The present work was a retrospective study of 52 patients (aged between 1 and 67 years) with NAVMs who were treated with ethanol embolization between August 2009 and August 2019. The diagnosis of NAVMs was established based on clinical and imaging studies including ultrasound, computer tomography angiography, and digital subtract angiography. Embolization techniques used in the current study included transarterial, direct puncture, and a combination of both. The clinical and angiographic features, treatment methods, clinical outcomes, and complications were assessed within the mean period of 55.2 months (range, 1-119 months) after the last embolization.The total number of embolization sessions (140 embolization procedures in 52 pts) included transarterial approach (1 pt), direct puncture (2 pt), and a combination of transarterial and direct puncture (49 pts). There was a positive correlation between nidus size and treatment sessions (r = 0.780, P = 0.0005) and the amount of ethanol injected (r = 0.840, P = 0.0004). Results of the current study showed that the therapeutic outcomes were complete response in two patients (3.8%) without recurrence throughout the follow-up period (range, 1-119 months; mean, 55.2 months), and partial response in 50 patients (96.2%). A total of seven patients (13.5%) experienced one or more complications, including skin necrosis in one patient (1.9%), transient hemoglobinuria in five patients (9.6%), and skin blister in five patients (9.6%).The reported single-institution experience evidently indicated that ethanol embolotherapy has the potential to successfully devascularize NAVMs and also significantly improve symptoms and signs. Further, it was evident that the use of a combination of transarterial and direct puncture techniques has the potential to increase the rate of therapeutic response in patients with NAVMs.

Introduction Correctly identifying patients with biliary atresia (BA), while avoiding invasive diagnostic methods is challenging. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of serum immune indicators for distinguishing BA from other causes of cholestasis in infants. Patients and methods The data of infants with a surgical/histological diagnosis of BA and those with other causes of cholestatic jaundice were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a BA group and a cholestasis control (CC) group. Biochemical parameters, major lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobin and C3 and C4 complement levels were compared between the groups. Results A total of 129 infants with BA and 63 with other causes of cholestasis (CC control group) with a median age of 2.2 months were included in the analysis. The levels of CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, and premature T cells and the levels of C3 and C4 were all significantly higher in the BA group compared to the CC group (all P Conclusions Models incorporating serum C3 levels may be useful for accurately diagnosing BA in infants.

ObjectiveMucosal immunization was an effective defender against pathogens. Nasal vaccines could activate both systemic and mucosal immunity to trigger protective immune responses. However, due to the weak immunogenicity of nasal vaccines and the lack of appropriate antigen carriers, very few nasal vaccines have been clinically approved for human use, which was a major barrier to the development of nasal vaccines. Plant-derived adjuvants are promising candidates for vaccine delivery systems due to their relatively safe immunogenic properties. In particular, the distinctive structure of pollen was beneficial to the stability and retention of antigen in the nasal mucosa.MethodsHerein, a novel wild-type chrysanthemum sporopollenin vaccine delivery system loaded with a w/o/w emulsion containing squalane and protein antigen was fabricated. The unique internal cavities and the rigid external walls within the sporopollenin skeleton construction could preserve and stabilize the inner proteins. The external morphological characteristics were suitable for nasal mucosal administration with high adhesion and retention.ResultsSecretory IgA antibodies in the nasal mucosa can be induced by the w/o/w emulsion with the chrysanthemum sporopollenin vaccine delivery system. Moreover, the nasal adjuvants produce a stronger humoral response (IgA and IgG) compared to squalene emulsion adjuvant. Mucosal adjuvant benefited primarily from prolongation of antigens in the nasal cavity, improvement of antigen penetration in the submucosa and promotion of CD8+ T cells in spleen.DisccusionBased on effective delivering both the adjuvant and the antigen, the increase of protein antigen stability and the realization of mucosal retention, the chrysanthemum sporopollenin vaccine delivery system has the potential to be a promising adjuvant platform. This work provide a novel idea for the fabrication of protein-mucosal delivery vaccine.