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The CPAPhosAuCl bifunctional complexes catalyse the enantioselective tandem cycloisomerization‐nucleophilic addition reactions between 2‐alkynylenones and naphthols, where naphthols behave mainly as O‐nucleophiles. The inherent acidity of the catalysts induces then the isomerization of the O‐addition‐ into the C‐addition products with concomitant decrease of their enantiomeric excesses. In depth mechanistic studies have provided insights into these processes. Subsequently, the undesired racemization pathways could be suppressed by using substituted naphthols as nucleophiles, which delivered a large series of chiral bicyclic furanes in high enantioselectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Substantial focus has been placed on atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment and associated stroke prevention rather than preventing AF itself. We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to examine the causal relationships between 50 modifiable risk factors (RFs) and AF. Methods: Instrumental variables for genetically predicted exposures were derived from corresponding genome‐wide association studies (GWASs). Summary‐level statistical data for AF were obtained from a GWAS meta‐analysis (discovery dataset, N = 1,030,836) and FinnGen (validation dataset, N = 208,594). Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed, primarily using inverse variance weighted method with a series of robust sensitivity analyses. Results: Genetic predisposition to insomnia, daytime naps, apnea, smoking initiation, moderate to vigorous physical activity and obesity traits, including body mass index, waist–hip ratio, central and peripheral fat/fat‐free mass, exhibited significant associations with an increased risk of AF. Coffee consumption and ApoB had suggestive increased risks. Hypertension (odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.26 (4.42, 6.24)), heart failure (HF) (OR 95% CI, 4.77 (2.43, 9.37)) and coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR 95% CI: 1.20 (1.16, 1.24)) were strongly associated with AF, while college degree, higher education attachment and HDL levels were associated with a decreased AF risk. Reverse MR found a bidirectional relationship between genetically predicted AF and CAD, HF and ischemic stroke. Multivariable analysis further indicated that obesity‐related traits, systolic blood pressure and lower HDL levels independently contributed to the development of AF. Conclusions: This study identified several lifestyles and cardiometabolic factors that might be causally related to AF, underscoring the importance of a holistic approach to AF management and prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To effectively guide power manufacturers in the medium and long-term market and green certificate market trading behavior. This paper firstly constructs the model of power manufacturers' participation in the green certificate market and the model of participating in the medium and long-term market of power, and establishes the coupling constraint of power manufacturers' participation in the power market and the green certificate market. Secondly, considering the speculative behavior of power manufacturers and using conditional value-at-risk to depict the profit risk of electricity generation due to the uncertainty of market price, the optimal comprehensive benefit considering the annual expected profit and risk of power manufacturers is taken as the decision-making objective, and the joint decision-making model of power manufacturers participating in the green certificate market and the medium and long term power market is established. It is helpful for power manufacturers to make trading decisions in medium and longterm market and green certificate market.