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Most of protonated amines show very low reactivity with ozone in the process of generating hydroxyl radical (·OH). This study proved that protonated hydroxylamine (HA) can accelerate the decomposition of ozone and promote the yield of ·OH. Benzoic acid (BA) was used as ·OH probe, the stimulation of ozone decomposition and ·OH generation by HA in the condition of pHs ranging from 3.0 to 8.0 were studied. The results revealed the effect of HA, especially the protonated form of HA, on the ozone decomposition. Moreover, two reaction pathways of the reactive oxidant formation in O3/HA process were proposed: (1) protonated HA reacted with ozone by the way of direct electron transfer to produce O3·-; (2) unprotonated HA reacted directly with ozone to form O2·- and O2·- later reacted with O3 to form O3·-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to enhance the performance of supercapacitors, focusing particularly on optimizing electrode materials. While pure NiMn layered double hydroxides (LDHs) exhibit excellent electrochemical properties, they have limitations in achieving high specific capacitance. Therefore, this paper successfully synthesized composite materials of NiMn LDHs with varying loadings of graphene oxide (GO) using a hydrothermal method. Systematic physicochemical characterization of the synthesized materials, such as powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Raman spectroscopy, revealed the influence of GO doping on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of NiMn LDHs. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the NiMn LDHs/GO electrode material exhibited optimal electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 2096 F g -1 at 1 A g -1 current density and 1471 F g -1 at 10 A g -1 , when GO doping level was 0.45 wt %. Furthermore, after 1000 cycles of stability testing, the material retained 53.3 % capacitance at 5 A g -1 , indicating good cyclic stability. This study not only provides new directions for research on supercapacitor electrode materials but also offers new strategies for developing low-cost and efficient electrode materials., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)