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Three 2D organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites ferroelastics with dielectric switch. This work provides a new case for the preparation of 2D perovskite ferroelastic materials and the possibility for the application in actuators.

Reliable flood forecasts are dependent on accurate quantitative precipitation forecasts. Despite improvements in the resolution and schematisation of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models, there are still substantial biases in their precipitation forecasts. Biases are present at a range of time scales and correctly representing the multi-temporal scale properties of precipitation including its persistence and variability is vital. In this presentation a new method for post-processing NWP model precipitation forecasts is developed. The new method is based on continuous wavelet transforms (CWT) which correct the statistical characteristics of the precipitation forecasts across a range of time scales. The precipitation amounts are corrected using a simple quantile mapping of the amplitude of each time scale of the wavelet decomposition. To account for uncertainty in precipitation timing, we also adjust the phase of the CWT randomly to create an ensemble of post-processed forecasts. Spatial correlations are preserved by maintaining the same phase adjustments at each different precipitation forecast location. The new method is demonstrated using hourly forecast data from the ACCESS model over the period March 2018 to September 2021 for a network of 158 gauges around Sydney, in eastern Australia. The new method improves the correlation of the forecasts and reduces the root mean square error. The spatial correlation structure of the post-processed forecasts is also improved. Correctly representing spatial patterns of precipitation is vital to ensure that catchment averaged precipitation and the resulting flood forecasts are correct.

Over the past six years, Australia has experienced significant fluctuations in rainfall, including prolonged dry conditions and extensive bushfires, followed by two consecutive years of heavy rainfall in the east. Could such anomalies be predicted many years in advance is the question this study hopes to answer. A prediction framework that combines empirical and physically-based approaches using CMIP decadal prediction, and a novel spectral transformation approach is presented. When tested in a hindcast experiment, this framework shows significant prediction skill for rainfall up to five years in the future across all regions and climate zones in Australia. This framework was used to project from 2018 to 2022, covering the years of bushfires and extreme floods in Australia, as an added blindfolded validation of the prediction approach used. Following this, a blind projection of the precipitation anomalies over the continent for the coming five years is presented, to assess whether the anomalies for the past five years were, indeed, anomalies, or part of a pattern of what can be expected into the future. It is shown that this decadal framework has great potential for predicting whether the next few years will be wetter or drier, extending the predictive accuracy beyond a few months into the future. This can be valuable for managing water resources, prioritizing demands, protecting vulnerable systems, and reducing uncertainty in hydrological decision-making.

Background To develop and validate a predictive nomogram for tumor residue 3–6 months after treatment based on postradiotherapy plasma Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), clinical stage, and radiotherapy (RT) dose in patients with stage II–IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Methods In this retrospective study, 1050 eligible patients with stage II–IVA NPC, who completed curative IMRT and underwent pretreatment and postradiotherapy (-7 to +28 days after IMRT) EBV DNA testing, were enrolled from 2012 to 2017. The prognostic value of the residue was explored using Cox regression analysis in patients (n=1050). A nomogram for predicting tumor residues after 3–6 months was developed using logistic regression analyses in the development cohort (n=736) and validated in an internal cohort (n=314). Results Tumor residue was an independent inferior prognostic factor for 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, locoregional recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival (all P Conclusions We developed and validated a nomogram model integrating clinical characteristics at the end of IMRT for predicting whether tumor will residue or not after 3–6 months. Thus, high-risk NPC patients who might benefit from immediate additional intervention could be identified by the model, and the probability of residue can be reduced in the future.

Accurate single-cell capture is a crucial step for single cell biological and chemical analysis. Conventional single-cell capturing often confront operational complexity, limited efficiency, cell damage, large scale but low accuracy, incompetence in the acquirement of nano-upgraded single-cell liquid. Flow cytometry has been widely used in large-scale single-cell detection, while precise single-cell isolation relies on both a precision operating platform and a microscope, which is not only extremely inefficient, but also not conducive to couple with modern analytical instruments. Herein, we develop a modular single-cell pipette (mSCP) microfluidic chip with high efficiency and strong applicability for accurate direct capture of single viable cell from cell suspensions into nanoliter droplets (30−1000 nL). The mSCP is used as a sampling platform for the detection of CdTe quantum dots in single cells with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) for the first time. It also ensures precise single-cell sampling and detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Improving lead time for forecasting floods is important to minimize property damage and ensure the safety of the public and emergency services during flood events. Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are important components of flood forecasting systems and have been vital in extending forecasting lead-time under complex weather and terrain conditions. However, NWP forecasts still have significant uncertainty associated with the precipitation fields that are the main inputs of the hydrologic models and thus the resulting flood forecasts. An issue often overlooked is the importance of correctly representing variability over a range of different temporal scales. To address this gap, here a new wavelet-based method for post-processing NWP precipitation forecasts is proposed. First, precipitation forecasts are decomposed into the frequency domain using a wavelet transform, providing estimates of the amplitudes and phases of the time series at different frequencies. Quantile mapping is then used to correct bias in the amplitudes of each frequency. Randomized phases are used to generate an ensemble of realizations of the precipitation forecasts. The post-processed precipitation forecasts are reconstructed by taking the inverse of adjusted time-frequency decompositions with the corrected amplitudes and randomized phases. The proposed method was used to post-process NWP precipitation forecasts in the Sydney region, Australia. There is a significant improvement in post-processed precipitation forecasts across multiple time scales in terms of bias and temporal and spatial correlation structures. The post-processed precipitation fields can be used for the modeling of fully distributed hydrologic systems, improving runoff stimulation, flood depth estimation, and flood early warning.

Precise detection of recurrence in patients with treated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) facilitates timely intervention and prolongs survival. However, there is no compelling tool realizing real-time precise recurrence detection as scale hitherto. Here we present a deep learning-based sequential scan model called RAIN, harnessing 10,212 time-series follow-up head and neck magnetic resonance (MR) scans of 1,808 patients with treated NPC in a multicenter observational study (Blinded ID). The RAIN yields larger area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) values than single scan model (internal: 0.916 vs 0.855, p = 0.004; external: 0.900 vs 0.709, p

Background Schistosomiasis is a prevalent infectious disease caused by the parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma. Praziquantel (PZQ), which is safe and affordable, is the recommended oral treatment for schistosomiasis. Schistosoma japonicum is the major species that cause liver damage. However, RNA molecules and their interaction that play critical roles in the effect of PZQ on the liver after S. japonicum infection remain elusive. Results In this study, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: the Control group, infection group (SJ), and PZQ treatment group (SE). The total RNA was extracted from the liver of mice. High-throughput whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect the RNA expression profiles in three groups. A co-expression gene-interaction network was established based on significant differently expressed genes in PZQ treatment, and mRNA Cyp4a14 was identified as a critical hub gene. Furthermore, ceRNA network were constructed by predicting the specific binding relations among mRNA-lncRNA, and lncRNA-miRNA of Cyp4a14, suggesting a potential regulatory axis H19/miR-130b-3p/Cyp4a14. Dual luciferase reporter assay result proved the specific binding of miR-130b-3p to Cyp4a14 3'UTR. Conclusions Our findings indicated that the H19/Mir-130b-3p/Cyp4a14 axis might involve in the effect of PZQ on the liver after S. japonicum infection, and the expression of mRNA Cyp4a14 could be regulated by miR-130b-3p through binding with the 3’UTR of Cyp4a14. The findings in the present study providing a new view to understand the host response to PZQ against S. japonicum in the future.

Soil quality evaluation is an important prerequisite for the rational soil resource utilization. We collected soil samples from forest (土壤质量评价是合理利用土壤资源的重要前提。通过采集青藏高原东北缘甘肃省天祝县境内林地(

Additional file 1: sTable 1. Clinical characteristics of patients in the development and validation cohorts. sTable 2. Distribution of pretreatment plasma EBV DNA by TNM stage (AJCC 8th edition). sTable 3. Distribution of postradiotherapy plasma EBV DNA by TNM stage (AJCC 8th edition). sTable 4. Comparison of AUC and OR of residue at different level of pretreatment EBV DNA in the development cohort (n=736). sTable 5. Comparison of AUC and OR of residue at different level of postradiotherapy EBV DNA in the development cohort (n=736). sTable 6. Pretreatment and postradiotherapy levels of EBV DNA in all patients (n=1050). sFigure 1. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (A), progression-free survival (B), locoregional recurrence-free survival (C) and distant metastasis-free survival (D) in patients stratified by residual tumor type (n=190). sFigure 2. Pretreatment (A) and postradiotherapy (B) plasma EBV DNA levels by TNM stage (AJCC 8th edition) in the development cohort (n=736). sFigure 3. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (A), progression-free survival (B), locoregional recurrence-free survival (C) and distant metastasis-free survival (D) in all patients stratified by pretreatment plasma EBV DNA level (n=1050). sFigure 4. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (A), progression-free survival (B), locoregional recurrence-free survival (C) and distant metastasis-free survival (D) in all patients stratified by postradiotherapy plasma EBV DNA level (n=1050). sFigure 5. Comparison of six models using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve calculated for the development cohort (n=736). sFigure 6. Kaplan-Meier curves for locoregional recurrence-free survival (A) and distant metastasis-free survival (B) in development cohort stratified by predicted risk in tumor residue (n=736). sFigure 7. Kaplan-Meier curves for locoregional recurrence-free survival (A) and distant metastasis-free survival (B) in validation cohort stratified by predicted risk in tumor residue (n=314). sFigure 8. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (A), progression free-survival (B), locoregional recurrence-free survival (C) and distant metastasis-free survival (D) in patients with residue from development cohort stratified by predicted risk in tumor residue (n=122). sFigure 9. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival (A), progression free-survival (B), locoregional recurrence-free survival (C) and distant metastasis-free survival (D) in patients with residue from validation cohort stratified by predicted risk in tumor residue (n=68).

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Identification and distribution of lipid components. (A) Numbers of lipid species in lipid classes/subclasses detected by lipidomics analysis. Circular diagram of lipid subclass composition in non-metastatic group (B) and metastatic group (C). Supplementary Figure 2. The overlapped total ion chromatogram (TIC) of the plasma mixtures in negative and positive modes. Supplementary Table 1. Information of the instrument used in lipidomics analyses. Supplementary Table 2. Information of the reagents and internal standards used in lipidomics analyses. Supplementary Table 3. 655 unique lipids were identified and quantified. Supplementary Table 4. Baseline characteristics of patients in the training set and validation set. Supplementary Table 5. Associations of lipid species with distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by univariate Cox regression analysis. Only the lipid species with P value

2618 aluminum alloy has been used in aerospace structural parts, but the coarse second phase particles agglomerated in the alloy usually result in poor mechanical properties. In this paper, the morphology and distribution of the second phase particles and the mechanical properties of 2618 aluminum alloy ring were investigated, and the fracture morphology is observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The result show that the mechanical properties in the axial direction are lower than those in the circumferential direction. It is evidentially shown that the agglomeration of Al9FeNi intermetallic particles and magnesium oxides in the fracture is the main reason for the poor mechanical properties in the axial direction.

Roof collapse is a form of rock failure driven by energy release. The rectangular elastic thin plate (RETP) model, widely used in coal mining engineering research, reflects the law of the movement of overlying strata of a coal seam. The stress distribution regularity of each delamination can be analyzed using the theoretical model of RETPs. In this study, a new method for determining both the height of the caving zone and the damaged area of the roadway roof is developed based on the energy evolution law. The damaged area and the oval‐shaped boundary of each stratum are determined using the damage criterion deduced by calculating the strain energy of the elementary volume. As a case study, the collapse height was obtained by accumulating the thickness of damaged strata, and the length of bolts was increased from 2.2 m to 2.8 m, effectively preventing the reoccurrence of a roof collapse for the No. 30102 working face in Nanliang Coal Mine. In addition, the vertical boundary of the caved zone can be outlined by connecting and fitting the end vertexes of the minor axis in the oval‐shaped damaged area of the RETPs. The supporting angle of the bolts in two side walls of the roadway was decreased from 75° to 70°. This method was verified and applied in a roof collapse investigation by determining the length and drilling angle of the anchor rod and anchor cable required to develop reasonable support schemes. The results of this research can be used for ensuring safety in coal mining and subway or tunnel construction in China.

Cu2SnSe3 has been considered as a potential thermoelectric material owing to its tunable transport properties and its phonon-glass-electron-crystal (PGEC) characteristics. Here, p-type pure and In-doped Cu2SnSe3 samples are synthesized by the solid-state sintering technique. Cubic structure with $$F\overline{4}3m$$ F 4 ¯ 3 m space group is maintained for all the samples, and a linear increase in lattice parameter with increasing In concentration has been observed. The nature of electrical resistivity changes from semiconducting to metallic behavior for samples with x > 0.10. The decrease in both electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient with an increase in x is attributed to the increased hole concentration. Such a scenario is confirmed from the room-temperature Hall effect measurements. Indium doping also reduces the thermal conductivity of the Cu2SnSe3 system as a result of increased phonon scattering due to the mass fluctuation. Concurrently, enhancement of thermoelectric power factor (PF) and figure of merit (ZT) is achieved with In doping at Sn site of Cu2SnSe3. The maximum ZT of 0.04 has been exhibited by the sample with x = 0.25 at 400 K, which is six times higher than that of the undoped Cu2SnSe3.

Objective: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that circulating factors produced during exercise regulate the expression of ABCC4, ABCG2, URAT1, and GLUT9 in normal rat kidney and NRK-52E cells and their relationship with NF-κB and NRF-2. Method: NRK-52E cells were separately cultured by serum from 10 healthy SD rats who did not exercise (CON) and 10 healthy SD rats who did aerobic treadmill exercise for 6 weeks, and cells cultured by serum from rats who did aerobic treadmill exercise for 6 weeks were separated by without NRF-2 inhibitor (EXE) and with NRF-2 inhibitor (EXE+ML). results: Aerobic exercise reduced serum uric acid level in rats, but had no significant effect on liver xanthine oxidase. It also increased the expression of some uric acid transporters in kidney and NRK-52E cells and increased the ability of cells in uric acid excretion. When the NRF-2 were inhibited, the expression of NF-κB and ABCG2 increased, and the expression of ABCC4, URAT1 and GLUT9 decreased. Conclusion: this study suggested that 6 weeks of aerobic treadmill exercise intervention may help to improve the excretion of uric acid in renal cells, suggesting that long-term aerobic exercise may be a means to prevent or treat hyperuricemia.