3,851 results on '"Zander, P."'
Search Results
52. Impact of FAPI-46/dual-tracer PET/CT imaging on radiotherapeutic management in esophageal cancer
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Wegen, Simone, Claus, Karina, Linde, Philipp, Rosenbrock, Johannes, Trommer, Maike, Zander, Thomas, Tuchscherer, Armin, Bruns, Christiane, Schlößer, Hans Anton, Schröder, Wolfgang, Eich, Marie-Lisa, Fischer, Thomas, Schomäcker, Klaus, Drzezga, Alexander, Kobe, Carsten, Roth, Katrin Sabine, and Weindler, Jasmin Josefine
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- 2024
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53. Concurrent KRAS p.G12C mutation and ANK3::RET fusion in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer: a case report
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Bedau, Tillmann, Heydt, Carina, Siebolts, Udo, Zander, Thomas, Kraemer, Max, Loeser, Heike, Buettner, Reinhard, and Quaas, Alexander
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- 2024
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54. A pilot investigation of the association between HIV-1 Vpr amino acid sequence diversity and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway as a potential mechanism for neurocognitive impairment
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Asia, Levanco Keegan, Van Vuren, Esmé Jansen, Lindeque, Zander, and Williams, Monray Edward
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- 2024
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55. How do others think about my group? Adolescents’ meta-stereotypes about Turkish- and German-origin students’ subject-related German and general school competence
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Haase, Jannika, Höhne, Elisabeth, Hannover, Bettina, McElvany, Nele, and Zander, Lysann
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- 2024
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56. Freiburg Neuropathology Case Conference:: 68-Year-Old Patient with Slurred Speech, Double Vision, and Increasing Gait Disturbance
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Zander, C., Diebold, M., Shah, M. J., Malzkorn, B., Prinz, M., Urbach, H., Erny, D., and Taschner, C. A.
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- 2024
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57. Managing Provenance Data in Knowledge Graph Management Platforms
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Kleinsteuber, Erik, Al Mustafa, Tarek, Zander, Franziska, König-Ries, Birgitta, and Babalou, Samira
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- 2024
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58. High Public Good Values for Ecosystem Service Attributes of on-farm Quinoa Diversity Conservation in Peru
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Drucker, Adam G., Pradel, Willy, Scott, Craig, Elmes, Sarah, Arpazi Valero, Kleny G., and Zander, Kerstin K.
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- 2024
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59. In situ conservation of Helosciadium nodiflorum: a crop wild relative of celery in Germany
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Mewis, Inga, Bernhardt, Nadine, Bönisch, Maria, Brassac, Jonathan, Naumann, Annette, Zander, Matthias, Schirmak, Uta, Nachtigall, Marion, and Ulrichs, Christian
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- 2024
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60. Contribution of the oxygen reduction reaction to the electrochemical cathodic partial reaction for Mg-Al-Ca solid solutions
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Felten, Markus, Zhang, Siyuan, Changizi, Rasa, Scheu, Christina, Bruns, Mark, Strebl, Michael, Virtanen, Sannakaisa, and Zander, Daniela
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Physics - Chemical Physics - Abstract
The electrochemical corrosion rate of Magnesium (Mg) and Mg alloys depends on the stability of the formed surface layer. Based on the Mg substrate, the oxide structure comprises a dense MgO/Mg(OH)2 mixture underneath a porous plate-like Mg(OH)2 layer. While the kinetics of the anodic partial reaction has been mainly attributed to MgO, recent studies showed an effect of the Mg(OH)2 layer thickness on the cathodic partial reaction. A thinner Mg(OH)2 layer has been associated with a higher kinetics of the oxygen reduction rate. In the present study, the proposed mechanism has been further investigated via in situ respirometric measurements with Mg-Al-Ca solid solution in electrolytes with different pH values (pH = 8-13). The results indicate an additional effect based on the structure of the surface layer in the passive state of Mg corrosion. Furthermore, two different Al enriched interlayers at the Mg/MgO- and MgO/Mg(OH)2 interfaces were observed and discussed in terms of their thermodynamic stability under alkaline immersion conditions.
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- 2023
61. Metallurgical synthesis methods for Mg-Al-Ca scientific model materials
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Luo, W., Tanure, L., Felten, M., Nowak, J., Delis, W., Freund, M., Ayeb, N., Zander, D., Thomas, C., Feuerbacher, M., Sandlöbes-Haut, S., Korte-Kerzel, S., and Springer, H.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Mg-based alloys are industrially used for structural applications, both as solid solutions alloys and as composites containing intermetallic compounds. However, a further development in terms of mechanical properties requires the investigation of underlying causalities between synthesis, processing and microstructure to adjust the mechanical and the corrosion properties, ideally down to the near atomic scale. Such fundamental scientific investigations with high resolution characterisation techniques require model materials of exceptionally high purity and strictly controlled microstructure e.g. with respect to grain size, morphology, chemical homogeneity as well as content and size of oxide inclusions. In this context, the Mg-Al-Ca system appears exceptionally challenging from a metallurgical perspective due to the high reactivity and high vapor pressures, so that conventional industrial techniques cannot be successfully deployed. Here, we demonstrate the applicability of various scientific synthesis methods from arc melting over solution growth to diffusion couples, extending to effects and parameters for thermo-mechanical processing. Suitable pathways to overcome the specific challenges of the Mg-Al-Ca system are demonstrated, as well as the persistent limitations of the current state of the art laboratory metallurgy technology., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures
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- 2023
62. Chemical and structural characterization of the native oxide scale on a Mg-based alloy
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Neuß, Deborah, McCarroll, Ingrid E., Zhang, Siyuan, Woods, Eric, Delis, Wassilios J., Tanure, Leandro, Springer, Hauke, Sandlöbes, Stefanie, Yang, Jing, Todorova, Mira, Zander, Daniela, Scheu, Christina, Schneider, Jochen M., and Hans, Marcus
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
In this study, the structure and composition of the native oxide forming on the basal plane (0001) of Mg-2Al-0.1Ca is investigated by a correlative approach, combining scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and atom probe tomography (APT). Atom probe specimens were prepared conventionally in a Ga focused ion beam (FIB) as well as a Xe plasma FIB in a cryogenic setup and subsequently cleaned in the atom probe to remove surface contamination before oxidation. While thermal energy input from the laser and longer atmospheric exposure time increased the measured hydrogen content in the specimen's apex region, cryo preparation revealed, that the hydrogen uptake in magnesium is independent of the employment of conventional or cryogenic FIB preparation. TEM measurements demonstrated the growth of a (111) MgO oxide layer with 3-4 nm thickness on the basal (0001) plane of the Mg atom probe specimen. APT data further revealed the formation of an aluminum-rich region between bulk Mg and the native oxide. The aluminum enrichment of up to ~20 at.% at the interface is consistent with an inward growth of the oxide scale.
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- 2023
63. Strong Bounds for 3-Progressions
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Kelley, Zander and Meka, Raghu
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Mathematics - Number Theory ,Mathematics - Combinatorics - Abstract
We show that for some constant $\beta > 0$, any subset $A$ of integers $\{1,\ldots,N\}$ of size at least $2^{-O((\log N)^\beta)} \cdot N$ contains a non-trivial three-term arithmetic progression. Previously, three-term arithmetic progressions were known to exist only for sets of size at least $N/(\log N)^{1 + c}$ for a constant $c > 0$. Our approach is first to develop new analytic techniques for addressing some related questions in the finite-field setting and then to apply some analogous variants of these same techniques, suitably adapted for the more complicated setting of integers.
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- 2023
64. Uncertainty quantification for probabilistic machine learning in earth observation using conformal prediction
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Geethen Singh, Glenn Moncrieff, Zander Venter, Kerry Cawse-Nicholson, Jasper Slingsby, and Tamara B. Robinson
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Satellite ,Remote sensing ,Machine learning ,Conformal prediction ,Uncertainty quantification ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Machine learning is increasingly applied to Earth Observation (EO) data to obtain datasets that contribute towards international accords. However, these datasets contain inherent uncertainty that needs to be quantified reliably to avoid negative consequences. In response to the increased need to report uncertainty, we bring attention to the promise of conformal prediction within the domain of EO. Unlike previous uncertainty quantification methods, conformal prediction offers statistically valid prediction regions while concurrently supporting any machine learning model and data distribution. To support the need for conformal prediction, we reviewed EO datasets and found that only 22.5% of the datasets incorporated a degree of uncertainty information, with unreliable methods prevalent. Current open implementations require moving large amounts of EO data to the algorithms. We introduced Google Earth Engine native modules that bring conformal prediction to the data and compute, facilitating the integration of uncertainty quantification into existing traditional and deep learning modelling workflows. To demonstrate the versatility and scalability of these tools we apply them to valued EO applications spanning local to global extents, regression, and classification tasks. Subsequently, we discuss the opportunities arising from the use of conformal prediction in EO. We anticipate that accessible and easy-to-use tools, such as those provided here, will drive wider adoption of rigorous uncertainty quantification in EO, thereby enhancing the reliability of downstream uses such as operational monitoring and decision-making.
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- 2024
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65. The effect of Laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions
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Markus Felten, Veronika Chaineux, Siyuan Zhang, Ali Tehranchi, Tilmann Hickel, Christina Scheu, Joshua Spille, Marta Lipińska-Chwałek, Joachim Mayer, Benjamin Berkels, Marcus Hans, Imke Greving, Silja Flenner, Sandra Sefa, and Daniela Zander
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Laves phase ,STEM ,Magnesium ,Corrosion ,Passive layer ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical compositions, modified surface states and various electrolyte conditions. However, recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution, leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stable α-solid solution passive layer. The present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca alloys. The microstructure was characterized by (transmission-) electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray microscopy. The electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements. A new electrochemical activity sequence (C15>C36>α-Mg>C14) was obtained, as a result of a stable passive layer formation on the α-solid solution. Furthermore, nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the Laves phases, which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.
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- 2024
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66. SDS22 coordinates the assembly of holoenzymes from nascent protein phosphatase-1
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Xinyu Cao, Madryn Lake, Gerd Van der Hoeven, Zander Claes, Javier del Pino García, Sarah Lemaire, Elora C. Greiner, Spyridoula Karamanou, Aleyde Van Eynde, Arminja N. Kettenbach, Daniel Natera de Benito, Laura Carrera García, Cristina Hernando Davalillo, Carlos Ortez, Andrés Nascimento, Roser Urreizti, and Mathieu Bollen
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Science - Abstract
Abstract SDS22 forms an inactive complex with nascent protein phosphatase PP1 and Inhibitor-3. SDS22:PP1:Inhibitor-3 is a substrate for the ATPase p97/VCP, which liberates PP1 for binding to canonical regulatory subunits. The exact role of SDS22 in PP1-holoenzyme assembly remains elusive. Here, we show that SDS22 stabilizes nascent PP1. In the absence of SDS22, PP1 is gradually lost, resulting in substrate hyperphosphorylation and a proliferation arrest. Similarly, we identify a female individual with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder bearing an unstable SDS22 mutant, associated with decreased PP1 levels. We furthermore find that SDS22 directly binds to Inhibitor-3 and that this is essential for the stable assembly of SDS22:PP1: Inhibitor-3, the recruitment of p97/VCP, and the extraction of SDS22 during holoenzyme assembly. SDS22 with a disabled Inhibitor-3 binding site co-transfers with PP1 to canonical regulatory subunits, thereby forming non-functional holoenzymes. Our data show that SDS22, through simultaneous interaction with PP1 and Inhibitor-3, integrates the major steps of PP1 holoenzyme assembly.
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- 2024
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67. Fetal gut cell-like differentiation in esophageal adenocarcinoma defines a rare tumor subtype with therapeutically relevant claudin-6 positivity and SWI/SNF gene alteration
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Max Kraemer, Thomas Zander, Hakan Alakus, Reinhard Buettner, Su Ir Lyu, Adrian Georg Simon, Wolfgang Schroeder, Christiane J. Bruns, and Alexander Quaas
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Fetal-gut ,SALL4 ,Claudin-6 ,Glypican 3 ,SMARCA2-loss ,Esophageal adenocarcinoma ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the deadliest tumor entities worldwide, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 25%. Unlike other tumor entities, personalized therapy options are rare, partly due to the lack of knowledge about specific subgroups. In this publication, we demonstrate a subgroup of patients with EAC in a large screening cohort of 826 patients, characterized by specific morphological and immunohistochemical features. This subgroup represents approximately 0.7% (6/826) of the total cohort. Morphological features of this subgroup show a striking clear cytoplasm of the tumour cells and the parallel existence of rare growth patterns like yolk sac-like differentiation and enteroblastic differentiation. Immunohistochemistry reveals expression of the fetal gut cell-like proteins Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4), claudin-6, and glypican 3. Interestingly, we find a correlation with alterations of SWI/SNF-complex associated genes, which are supposed to serve as tumor suppressor genes in various tumour entities. Our results suggest a possible implication of rare tumour subtypes in the WHO classification for EACs according to the classification for gastric cancer. Furthermore, claudin-6 positive tumors have shown promising efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in the recently published BNT-211-01 trial (NCT04503278). This represents a personalized therapeutic option for this tumor subtype.
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- 2024
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68. Implementation of a New Integrated Healthcare Model; Quality Aspects to Support the Complex Home Care of Older Adults with Multiple Needs
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Gustafsson LK, Anbacken EM, Östlund G, Bondesson A, Pettersson T, and Zander V
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integrated-care model ,multi-morbidity ,interprofessional care ,home-based care ,person-centred integrated care. ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Lena-Karin Gustafsson,1 Els-Marie Anbacken,2 Gunnel Östlund,2 Anna Bondesson,1 Tina Pettersson,1 Viktoria Zander3 1Division of Caring Science, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Eskilstuna, Sweden; 2Division of Social Work, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Eskilstuna, Sweden; 3Division of Health and Welfare Technology, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Eskilstuna, SwedenCorrespondence: Lena-Karin Gustafsson, Division of Caring Science, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Eskilstuna, Sweden, Tel +46 70 7874420, Email lena-karin.gustafsson@mdu.seAim: This study aims to describe experiences of the implementation of a new integrated healthcare model for older adults with complex care needs due to multimorbidity, living at home, from a health and welfare personnel perspective. The goal was to diminish hospitalization and still carry out high quality care at home for older adults living with multimorbidity. The model was implemented by two organizations working in cooperation, the municipality, and the region that handles interprofessional social care and healthcare in people’s homes.Materials and Method: Open-ended group interviews with personnel were carried out, three of the group interviews pre-implementations of the model, and three of the group interviews post-implementation. The interviews were audiotaped and analysed according to the procedure of thematic analysis.Results: The quality of the integrated care model was based on care-chain cooperation, shared professionalism, and creating relations with the patient including closeness to next of kin, which was underlined by the participants. Unencumbered time gave the professionals the possibility to develop quality in integrated healthcare as part of integrated and person-centred care. The coproduction of education, research interviews and the follow-up meeting identified successes in diminishing hospitalization rates according to the participants’ experiences of the post-implementation interviews. An identified failure was, however, that shared professionalism was not developed over time, rather the different responsibilities were accentuated according to the information retrieved at the follow-up meeting.Conclusion: Quality aspects of the model were identified in the present study. However, when implementation of a new model is completed, the organizations always have their own interpretation of how to further understand the model in question.Plain language summary: The intention of the present study was to follow the process of working with a new model of providing care at home, thus preventing increased numbers of hospital readmissions, based on the professionals´ point of view of what quality care is for older adults with complex care needs due to multimorbidity, living in their own home. The professionals were interviewed in group settings on several occasions during the implementation.The result showed hopeful expectations expressed by the professionals before the new model was implemented, such as a hope for getting more time for high-quality care for the older adults with multimorbidity. During the teamwork, the conversation within the team members was praised as a key factor that included shared professionalism from professionals with different levels of education and focus on their work. According to the staff, unnecessary hospital stays were reduced, while the interprofessional care-chain cooperation was improved through the work of the integrated care team. For many team members, the positive difference in both work and care satisfaction was highlighted in comparison to regular home care as they were able to use their multi-disciplinary skills and support.Keywords: integrated-care model, multi-morbidity, interprofessional care, home-based care, person-centred integrated care
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- 2024
69. Base excess (BE): reloaded
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Rolf Zander
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Base excess ,Intensive care diagnostic ,Mortality ,Shock ,Acidosis ,Bleeding ,Medicine - Abstract
Summary The base excess value (BE, mmol/L), not standard base excess (SBE), correctly calculated including pH, pCO2 (mmHg), sO2 (%) and cHb (g/dl) is a diagnostic tool for several in vivo events, e.g., mortality after multiple trauma or shock, acidosis, bleeding, clotting, artificial ventilation. In everyday clinical practice a few microlitres of blood (arterial, mixed venous or venous) are sufficient for optimal diagnostics of any metabolic acidosis or alkalosis. The same applies to a therapeutic tool—then referred to as potential base excess (BEpot)—for several in vitro assessments, e.g., solutions for infusion, sodium bicarbonate, blood products, packed red blood cells, plasma. Thus, BE or BEpot has been a parameter with exceptional clinical significance since 2007.
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- 2024
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70. Risk-Aware Framework Development for Disruption Prediction: Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D Survival Analysis
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Keith, Zander, Nagpal, Chirag, Rea, Cristina, and Tinguely, R. Alex
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- 2024
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71. The choice of resuscitation fluids - Ionic composition matters
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Mertzlufft, Friedrich, Zander, Rolf, and Crystal, George J.
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- 2024
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72. A 2022 $\tau$-Herculid meteor cluster from an airborne experiment: automated detection, characterization, and consequences for meteoroids
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Vaubaillon, J., Loir, C., Ciocan, C., Kandeepan, M., Millet, M., Cassagne, A., Lacassagne, L., Da Fonseca, P., Zander, F., Buttsworth, D., Loehle, S., Toth, J., Gray, S., Moingeon, A., and Rambaux, N.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
Context. The existence of meteor clusters has long since been a subject of speculation and so far only seven events have been reported, among which two involve less than five meteors, and three were seen during the Leonid storms. Aims. The 1995 outburst of Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann was predicted to result in a meteor shower in May 2022. We detected the shower, proved this to be the result of this outburst, and detected another meteor cluster during the same observation mission. Methods. The {\tau}-Herculids meteor shower outburst on 31 May 2022 was continuously monitored for 4 hours during an airborne campaign. The video data were analyzed using a recently developed computer-vision processing chain for meteor real-time detection. Results. We report and characterize the detection of a meteor cluster involving 38 fragments, detected at 06:48 UT for a total duration of 11.3 s. The derived cumulative size frequency distribution index is relatively shallow: s = 3.1. Our open-source computer-vision processing chain (named FMDT) detects 100% of the meteors that a human eye is able to detect in the video. Classical automated motion detection assuming a static camera was not suitable for the stabilized camera setup because of residual motion. Conclusions. From all reported meteor clusters, we crudely estimate their occurrence to be less than one per million observed meteors. Low heliocentric distance enhances the probability of such meteoroid self-disruption in the interplanetary space., Comment: 6 pqges, 5 figures
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- 2023
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73. Reinforcement Learning-based Joint Handover and Beam Tracking in Millimeter-wave Networks
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Khosravi, Sara, Ghadikolaei, Hossein S., Zander, Jens, and Petrova, Marina
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
In this paper, we develop an algorithm for joint handover and beam tracking in millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks. The aim is to provide a reliable connection in terms of the achieved throughput along the trajectory of the mobile user while preventing frequent handovers. We model the association problem as an optimization problem and propose a reinforcement learning-based solution. Our approach learns whether and when beam tracking and handover should be performed and chooses the target base stations. In the case of beam tracking, we propose a tracking algorithm based on measuring a small spatial neighbourhood of the optimal beams in the previous time slot. Simulation results in an outdoor environment show the superior performance of our proposed solution in achievable throughput and the number of handovers needed in comparison to a multi-connectivity baseline and a learning-based handover baseline.
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- 2023
74. Leveraging Diffusion For Strong and High Quality Face Morphing Attacks
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Blasingame, Zander W. and Liu, Chen
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Face morphing attacks seek to deceive a Face Recognition (FR) system by presenting a morphed image consisting of the biometric qualities from two different identities with the aim of triggering a false acceptance with one of the two identities, thereby presenting a significant threat to biometric systems. The success of a morphing attack is dependent on the ability of the morphed image to represent the biometric characteristics of both identities that were used to create the image. We present a novel morphing attack that uses a Diffusion-based architecture to improve the visual fidelity of the image and the ability of the morphing attack to represent characteristics from both identities. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed attack by evaluating its visual fidelity via the Frechet Inception Distance (FID). Also, extensive experiments are conducted to measure the vulnerability of FR systems to the proposed attack. The ability of a morphing attack detector to detect the proposed attack is measured and compared against two state-of-the-art GAN-based morphing attacks along with two Landmark-based attacks. Additionally, a novel metric to measure the relative strength between different morphing attacks is introduced and evaluated., Comment: Diffusion Morphs (DiM) paper. Accepted in IEEE TBIOM
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- 2023
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75. Linear-Time Algorithms for Front-Door Adjustment in Causal Graphs
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Wienöbst, Marcel, van der Zander, Benito, and Liśkiewicz, Maciej
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Causal effect estimation from observational data is a fundamental task in empirical sciences. It becomes particularly challenging when unobserved confounders are involved in a system. This paper focuses on front-door adjustment -- a classic technique which, using observed mediators allows to identify causal effects even in the presence of unobserved confounding. While the statistical properties of the front-door estimation are quite well understood, its algorithmic aspects remained unexplored for a long time. In 2022, Jeong, Tian, and Bareinboim presented the first polynomial-time algorithm for finding sets satisfying the front-door criterion in a given directed acyclic graph (DAG), with an $O(n^3(n+m))$ run time, where $n$ denotes the number of variables and $m$ the number of edges of the causal graph. In our work, we give the first linear-time, i.e., $O(n+m)$, algorithm for this task, which thus reaches the asymptotically optimal time complexity. This result implies an $O(n(n+m))$ delay enumeration algorithm of all front-door adjustment sets, again improving previous work by a factor of $n^3$. Moreover, we provide the first linear-time algorithm for finding a minimal front-door adjustment set. We offer implementations of our algorithms in multiple programming languages to facilitate practical usage and empirically validate their feasibility, even for large graphs., Comment: Extended version of paper accepted to the Proceedings of the 38th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-2024)
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- 2022
76. Seeing the primary tumor because of all the trees: Cancer type prediction on low-dimensional data
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Julia Gehrmann, Devina Johanna Soenarto, Kevin Hidayat, Maria Beyer, Lars Quakulinski, Samer Alkarkoukly, Scarlett Berressem, Anna Gundert, Michael Butler, Ana Grönke, Simon Lennartz, Thorsten Persigehl, Thomas Zander, and Oya Beyan
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oncology ,Cancer of Unknown Primary ,prediction ,real-world data ,classification ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
The Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) syndrome is characterized by identifiable metastases while the primary tumor remains hidden. In recent years, various data-driven approaches have been suggested to predict the location of the primary tumor (LOP) in CUP patients promising improved diagnosis and outcome. These LOP prediction approaches use high-dimensional input data like images or genetic data. However, leveraging such data is challenging, resource-intensive and therefore a potential translational barrier. Instead of using high-dimensional data, we analyzed the LOP prediction performance of low-dimensional data from routine medical care. With our findings, we show that such low-dimensional routine clinical information suffices as input data for tree-based LOP prediction models. The best model reached a mean Accuracy of 94% and a mean Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) score of 0.92 in 10-fold nested cross-validation (NCV) when distinguishing four types of cancer. When considering eight types of cancer, this model achieved a mean Accuracy of 85% and a mean MCC score of 0.81. This is comparable to the performance achieved by approaches using high-dimensional input data. Additionally, the distribution pattern of metastases appears to be important information in predicting the LOP.
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- 2024
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77. Classification of agricultural priority and reserved areas in Brandenburg under consideration of bio-economic climate simulations
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Hannah Jona von Czettritz, Sandra Uthes, Johannes Schuler, Reimund Steinhäußer, Kurt-Christian Kersebaum, and Peter Zander
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Climate resilient agriculture ,spatial planning ,regional planning ,economic resilience ,bioeconomic analysis ,peatland conservation ,Cities. Urban geography ,GF125 ,Urbanization. City and country ,HT361-384 - Abstract
Ensuring a crisis-proof food supply has become a key political issue. In Germany, official spatial planning allows the use of priority and reserved areas to secure land for agricultural use and regional food supply. The focus should be particularly on climate-resilient areas that also have a stable yield potential in the future. This paper supplements widely used, static approaches for determining priority and reserved areas with a dynamic bio-economic analysis that takes future climate scenarios into account. The results for the German federal state of Brandenburg show a high area equivalence between the static and dynamic approaches. In the case of data gaps, for example, static approaches such as soil quality indices can serve as an adequate proxy for future yield potentials. However, not all climate-robust areas can be classified as potential reserved or priority areas. Furthermore, areas that show low yield potential under future conditions are not released for other land uses. Feedback from stakeholders involved in the study showed that the use of the dynamic approach and a target value using the results of a foodshed model lead to broad acceptance. The method developed here can make a valuable contribution to climate change adaptation in spatial planning instruments.
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- 2024
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78. Simple HF antenna efficiency comparisons using the WSPR system
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Zander, Jens
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
Determining the efficiency of an HF-antenna by measurements requires is a complex procedure involving expensive equipment, calibrated instruments for field strengths. In this paper we evaluate a simple, inexpensive method to determine the relative efficiency of an antenna relative a reference antenna. The method uses the Weak Signal Propagation Reporter(WSPR) network of receivers that are located all over the world. These receivers report the estimated signal-to-noise ratio of received beacon signals to the WSPR.net database where the data can be retrieved (almost) in real time. In the paper we analyze the method, estimate its accuracy and discuss advantages and limitations. Some preliminary measurement results are presented.
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- 2022
79. Digital Twin Assisted Risk-Aware Sleep Mode Management Using Deep Q-Networks
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Masoudi, Meysam, Soroush, Ebrahim, Zander, Jens, and Cavdar, Cicek
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Base stations (BSs) are the most energy-consuming segment of mobile networks. To reduce BS energy consumption, different components of BSs can sleep when BS is not active. According to the activation/deactivation time of the BS components, multiple sleep modes (SMs) are defined in the literature. In this study, we model the problem of BS energy saving utilizing multiple sleep modes as a sequential MDP and propose an online traffic-aware deep reinforcement learning approach to maximize the long-term energy saving. However, there is a risk that BS is not sleeping at the right time and incurs large delays to the users. To tackle this issue, we propose to use a digital twin model to encapsulate the dynamics underlying the investigated system and estimate the risk of decision-making (RDM) in advance. We define a novel metric to quantify RDM and predict the performance degradation. The RDM calculated by DT is compared with a tolerable threshold set by the mobile operator. Based on this comparison, BS can decide to deactivate the SMs, re-train when needed to avoid taking high risks, or activate the SMs to benefit from energy savings. For deep reinforcement learning, we use long-short term memory (LSTM), to take into account the long and short-term dependencies in input traffic, and approximate the Q-function. We train the LSTM network using the experience replay method over a real traffic data set obtained from an operator BS in Stockholm. The data set contains data rate information with very coarse-grained time granularity. Thus, we propose a scheme to generate a new data set using the real network data set which 1) has finer-grained time granularity and 2) considers the bursty behavior of traffic data. Simulation results show that using proposed methods, considerable energy saving is obtained, compared to the baselines at cost of negligible number of delayed users., Comment: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
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- 2022
80. Preferred corrosion pathways for oxygen in Al2Ca-twin boundaries and dislocations
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Peter, Nicolas J., Zander, Daniela, Cao, Xumeng, Tian, Chunhua, Zhang, Siyuan, Du, Kui, Scheu, Christina, and Dehm, Gerhard
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
With an ongoing discussion on the oxygen diffusion along crystal defects remaining, it is difficult to study this phenomenon in Al containing intermetallic materials due to its rapid and passivating oxide formation. We report here the observation of enhanced oxygen diffusion along crystal defects, i.e. dislocations and twin boundaries, in the C15 Al 2 Ca Laves phase and how the presence of oxygen induces structural changes at these defects. Three main phases were identified and characterized structurally by aberration-corrected, atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, analytically by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy. Unlike the C15 bulk phase, the twin boundary and dislocation transformed into a few nanometer wide amorphous phase, which depletes in Al and Ca but is highly enriched in oxygen. The dislocation even shows coexistence of the amorphous phase with a simple Al-rich A1 fcc phase. This A1 phase only depletes in Ca, not in Al (Al remains at bulk concentration), and is also enriched in oxygen. The Al-rich A1 phase is coherent with the C15 matrix. Electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed the amorphous phase to be Al 2 O 3 . We thereby show as one of the first studies that oxygen diffusion along crystal defects, especially also at the twin boundary can induce the formation of an amorphous oxide along themselves. The identification of oxygen-induced transformation at strained defects has to be considered when the material is exposed to air during plastic deformation at elevated temperatures., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
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- 2022
81. German, Austrian, and Swiss guidelines for systemic treatment of gastric cancer
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Lordick, Florian, Al-Batran, Salah-Eddin, Arnold, Dirk, Borner, Markus, Bruns, Christiane J., Eisterer, Wolfgang, Faber, Gerhard, Gockel, Ines, Köberle, Dieter, Lorenzen, Sylvie, Möhler, Markus, Pritzkuleit, Ron, Stahl, Michael, Thuss-Patience, Peter, Wöll, Ewald, Zander, Thomas, and Maschmeyer, Georg
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- 2024
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82. Eastern Australian Farmers Managing and Thinking Differently: Innovative Adaptation Cycles
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McKenzie, David K., Joyce, Janine, Zander, Kerstin K., Wurm, Penelope A. S., and Caudwell, Kim M.
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- 2024
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83. Stereotype Threat in Learning Situations? An Investigation among Language Minority Students
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König, Sabrina, Stang-Rabrig, Justine, Hannover, Bettina, Zander, Lysann, and McElvany, Nele
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Stereotype threat (ST) is a potential explanation for inequalities in language competencies observed between students from different language backgrounds. Language competencies are an important prerequisite for educational success, wherefore the significance for investigation arises. While ST effects on achievement are empirically well documented, little is known about whether ST also impairs learning. Thus, we investigated vocabulary learning in language minority elementary school students, also searching for potential moderators. In a pre-post design, 240 fourth-grade students in Germany who were on average 10 years old (M[subscript Age] = 9.92, SD = 0.64; 49.8% female) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: implicit ST, explicit ST without threat removal before posttest, explicit ST with threat removal before posttest, and a control group. Results showed that learning difficult vocabulary from reading two narrative texts was unaffected by ST. Neither students' identification with their culture of residence and culture of origin nor stereotyped domain of reading were moderators. The findings are discussed with regard to content and methodological aspects such that a motivation effect might have undermined a possible ST effect. Implications for future research include examining the question at what age children become susceptible to ST and whether students have internalized negative stereotypes about their own group, which could increase the likelihood of ST effects occurring.
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- 2023
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84. Evaluation of friction calculation methods for rolling bearings
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Zander, M., Otto, M., Lohner, T., and Stahl, K.
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- 2023
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85. Per Davidsson: recipient of the 2023 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research
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Storey, David J., Andersson, Martin, Henrekson, Magnus, Jack, Sarah, Stenkula, Mikael, Thorburn, Karin, Wigren-Kristoferson, Caroline, and Zander, Ivo
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- 2023
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86. People living with HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV coinfection in intensive care in a German tertiary referral center 2014–2019
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Schlabe, Stefan, Boesecke, Christoph, van Bremen, Kathrin, Schwarze-Zander, Carolynne, Bischoff, Jenny, Yürüktümen, Aylin, Heine, Mario, Spengler, Ulrich, Nattermann, Jacob, Rockstroh, Jürgen K., and Wasmuth, Jan-Christian
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- 2023
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87. Long-Term Postsurgical Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation (CROSS) Versus Chemotherapy (FLOT) for Multimodal Treatment of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and the Esophagogastric Junction
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Gebauer, Florian, Plum, Patrick S., Damanakis, Alexander, Chon, Seung-Hun, Popp, Felix, Zander, Thomas, Quaas, Alexander, Fuchs, Hans, Schmidt, Thomas, Schröder, Wolfgang, and Bruns, Christiane J.
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- 2023
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88. Reconstruction of warm-season temperatures in central Europe during the past 60 000 years from lacustrine branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs)
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P. D. Zander, D. Böhl, F. Sirocko, A. Auderset, G. H. Haug, and A. Martínez-García
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Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Millennial-scale climate variations during the last glacial period, such as Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) cycles and Heinrich events, have been extensively studied using ice core and marine proxy records. However, there is a limited understanding of the magnitude of these temperature fluctuations in continental regions, and questions remain about the seasonal signal of these climate events. This study presents a 60 000-year-long temperature reconstruction based on branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) extracted from lake sediments from the Eifel Volcanic Field, Germany. brGDGTs are bacterial membrane-spanning lipids that are known to have a strong relationship with temperature, making them suitable for temperature reconstructions. We test several temperature calibration models on modern samples taken from soils and multiple maar lakes. We find a negative bias in brGDGT-based temperature estimates associated with water depth and anoxic conditions that can be corrected for by accounting for a brGDGT isomer that is only produced in anoxic conditions. The corrected temperature reconstruction correlates with proxy and climate model estimates of temperature spanning the same time period, validating the calibration approach we selected. However, millennial-scale variability is significantly dampened in the brGDGT record, and in contrast to other Northern Hemisphere climate records, during several Heinrich stadials, temperatures actually increase. We demonstrate that these apparent discrepancies can be explained by the unique seasonal response of the brGDGT paleothermometer to temperatures of months above freezing (TMAF). Our data support the view that warm-season temperatures in Europe varied minimally during the last glacial period and that abrupt millennial-scale events were defined by colder, longer winters. Our continuous high-resolution temperature reconstruction provides important information about the magnitude of seasonal climate variability during the last glacial period that can be used to test climate models and inform studies of paleoecological change.
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- 2024
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89. Impact of FAPI-46/dual-tracer PET/CT imaging on radiotherapeutic management in esophageal cancer
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Simone Wegen, Karina Claus, Philipp Linde, Johannes Rosenbrock, Maike Trommer, Thomas Zander, Armin Tuchscherer, Christiane Bruns, Hans Anton Schlößer, Wolfgang Schröder, Marie-Lisa Eich, Thomas Fischer, Klaus Schomäcker, Alexander Drzezga, Carsten Kobe, Katrin Sabine Roth, and Jasmin Josefine Weindler
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FDG ,Esophageal cancer ,FAPI-46 ,Radiotherapy planning ,PET-based ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is expressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of various cancers. In our analysis, we describe the impact of dual-tracer imaging with Gallium-68-radiolabeled inhibitors of FAP (FAPI-46-PET/CT) and fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG-PET/CT) on the radiotherapeutic management of primary esophageal cancer (EC). Methods 32 patients with EC, who are scheduled for chemoradiation, received FDG and FAPI-46 PET/CT on the same day (dual-tracer protocol, 71%) or on two separate days (29%) We compared functional tumor volumes (FTVs), gross tumor volumes (GTVs) and tumor stages before and after PET-imaging. Changes in treatment were categorized as “minor” (adaption of radiation field) or “major” (change of treatment regimen). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for FAP was performed in all patients with available tissue. Results Primary tumor was detected in all FAPI-46/dual-tracer scans and in 30/32 (93%) of FDG scans. Compared to the initial staging CT scan, 12/32 patients (38%) were upstaged in nodal status after the combination of FDG and FAPI-46 PET scans. Two lymph node metastases were only visible in FAPI-46/dual-tracer. New distant metastasis was observed in 2/32 (6%) patients following FAPI-4 -PET/CT. Our findings led to larger RT fields (“minor change”) in 5/32 patients (16%) and changed treatment regimen (“major change”) in 3/32 patients after FAPI-46/dual-tracer PET/CT. GTVs were larger in FAPI-46/dual-tracer scans compared to FDG-PET/CT (mean 99.0 vs. 80.3 ml, respectively (p
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- 2024
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90. Concurrent KRAS p.G12C mutation and ANK3::RET fusion in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer: a case report
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Tillmann Bedau, Carina Heydt, Udo Siebolts, Thomas Zander, Max Kraemer, Heike Loeser, Reinhard Buettner, and Alexander Quaas
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KRAS p.G12C mutation ,ANK3::RET fusion. ,Metastatic colorectal cancer ,Molecular diagnostics ,Targeted therapy ,Precision oncology ,Pathology ,RB1-214 - Abstract
Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently involves mutations in the KRAS gene, impacting therapeutic strategies and prognosis. The occurrence of KRAS mutations typically precludes the presence of RET fusions, with current medical literature suggesting a mutual exclusivity between these two genetic alterations. We present a unique case that challenges this notion. Case Presentation An 85-year-old female with metastatic CRC was found to have a combination of genetic anomalies that is to the best of our knowledge not yet described in the medical literature: a KRAS p.G12C mutation, associated with oncogenesis and treatment resistance, and an ANK3::RET fusion, an infrequent but targetable mutation in CRC. This molecular profile was uncovered through comprehensive genomic sequencing after the patient experienced metachronous tumor dissemination. The presence of both genetic events complicates the treatment approach. Conclusions The identification of both a KRAS p.G12C mutation and an ANK3::RET fusion in the same CRC patient adds a new layer to the oncogenic landscape and treatment considerations for CRC. It highlights the intricate decision-making required in the era of precision medicine, where targeted therapies must be carefully chosen and potentially combined to combat complex genetic profiles. The case emphasizes the urgency of investigating the clinical effects of concurrent or sequential use of KRAS p.G12C and RET inhibitors to inform future therapeutic guidelines and improve patient outcomes in similar cases.
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- 2024
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91. How many dark neutrino sectors does cosmology allow?
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Alan Zander, Manuel Ettengruber, and Philipp Eller
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Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity ,QC770-798 - Abstract
Abstract We present the very first constraints on the number of Standard Model (SM) copies with an additional Dirac right-handed neutrino. From cosmology, we are able to pose strong limits on large regions of the parameter space. Moreover, we show that it is possible to account for the right dark matter density in form of stable particles from the dark sectors.
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- 2024
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92. Variation in the Incidence and Type of Full versus Mosaic Segmental Aneuploidies Identified in Blastocysts Undergoing PGT-A
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Carly Cuman, Mark P. Green, Elissa Willats, Tristan Hardy, and Deirdre Zander-Fox
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Human Embryos ,Aneuploid ,Segmental Aneuploidy ,Mosaicism ,Next Generation Sequencing ,Reproduction ,QH471-489 - Abstract
Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of segmental aneuploidies (full vs. mosaic) in embryos biopsied for Preimplantation Genetic Testing with Aneuploidy (PGT-A) screening using low-coverage whole genome sequencing (WGS). The secondary aim was to investigate factors that may be associated with segmental aneuploidy rates, including blastocyst developmental stage and quality. Methods: This study involved a retrospective analysis of cycle and PGT-A data from 8,153 blastocysts biopsied from 2,522 patients at four Monash IVF Victorian clinics between January 2015 and June 2021. All biopsies were processed using the Veriseq PGS Kit (Illumina) and analyzed using Bluefuse Multi software (Illumina) with a conclusive PGT-A result. Segmental aneuploidy was reported with a minimum resolution of greater than or equal to 10[Formula: see text]Mb. The reporting range for mosaicism was 20%–70% loss/gain in copy number. Statistical significance was established at a P-value of less than 0.05. Results: Segmental aneuploidies (full and/or mosaic) were reported in 682/8,153 (8.4%) biopsied embryos. Analysis of the types of segmental aneuploidy showed a higher proportion of deletions (423/8,153; 5.2%) compared to duplications (210/8,153; 2.6% [[Formula: see text]] plus a small portion with both duplications and deletions detected 49/8153; 0.6% [[Formula: see text]]). The incidence of segmental aneuploidies appeared to increase in correlation with chromosome size. Segregation of embryos by blastocyst stage indicated an increase in the incidence of segmental aneuploidies in early blastocysts (9/64; 14.1%) compared with expanding/expanded (39/475, 8.2%, [[Formula: see text]] and hatching/hatched blastocysts [634/7614, 8.3%; [Formula: see text]]). Furthermore, the incidence of segmental aneuploidies significantly increased as blastocyst overall grade decreased (Grade A 71/1,429, 5.0%; Grade B 298/3,764, 7.9%; Grade C 313/2,960, 10.6%; [Formula: see text]). Of the segmental aneuploidies detected, 425/682 (62.3%) were present at a mosaic level. Conclusions: Segmental aneuploidy rates varied between blastocyst stage and grades, with a significant proportion of segmental aneuploidies being detected at the mosaic level. Our data highlights that segmental aneuploidies, both at the full and mosaic level, are associated with lower blastocyst quality and poorer embryo development.
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- 2024
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93. Hyaluronan Sperm Selection during ICSI (HA-ICSI) Increases Embryo Utilization in Couples with Male Factor Infertility
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Ashleigh Williams, Sophie Popkiss, Fabrizzio Horta, Robert McLachlan, Deirdre Zander-Fox, and Mark P. Green
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Infertility ,Male ,Fertilization ,Sperm Injections ,Intracytoplasmic ,Hyaluronic Acid ,Reproduction ,QH471-489 - Abstract
Background: Hyaluronan (HA) sperm selection, utilizing the affinity of mature sperm for HA, has emerged as a technique to enhance the selection of sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). However, conflicting evidence exists regarding the impact of HA-ICSI on clinical outcomes including fertilization, embryo utilization, and pregnancy rates. The study aimed to compare clinical outcomes including fertilization, utilization, and pregnancy rates between paired ICSI and HA-ICSI cycles within patients, particularly for male factor and low utilization subgroups. Methods: A retrospective study from 3,988 ICSI treatment cycles was conducted between January 2018 and March 2022. A HA-ICSI cycle was paired with the preceding ICSI cycle from the same patient. Fertilization, utilization, and clinical pregnancy rates were compared based on infertility diagnosis and utilization rate (UR) from the initial ICSI cycle. Results: There were no differences in fertilization, utilization, embryo quality, euploidy, or pregnancy rates between ICSI and HA-ICSI in all paired cycles. However, for patients with male factor infertility UR increased from 25.0% to 38.5% in their HA-ICSI cycle ([Formula: see text]). There was no difference observed for female factor infertility patients. HA-ICSI use was of particular benefit for male factor infertility patients with low ([Formula: see text]) embryo utilization in their initial ICSI cycle, evident by an increased utilization from 14.3% to 25.0% in their HA cycle ([Formula: see text]). Conclusions: This is the first study to focus on the impact of HA-ICSI on embryo utilization, particularly in patients with male factor infertility. The efficacy of HA-ICSI as a sperm selection tool appears to be limited to improving UR in patients with male factor infertility, particularly those with low utilization in a previous ICSI cycle, with no significant effect on fertilization or pregnancy rates. Conclusion: HA-ICSI may be useful for sperm selection at the time of ICSI for a select subgroup of patients. Male factor infertility patients, who have previously undertaken an ICSI cycle with less than 40% utilization, should be considered as candidates for treatment.
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- 2024
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94. A pilot investigation of the association between HIV-1 Vpr amino acid sequence diversity and the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway as a potential mechanism for neurocognitive impairment
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Levanco Keegan Asia, Esmé Jansen Van Vuren, Zander Lindeque, and Monray Edward Williams
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Tryptophan-Kynurenine pathway ,Metabolism ,Inflammation ,Pathogenesis ,Neuropathogenesis ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract HIV infection compromises both the peripheral and central immune systems due to its pathogenic and neuropathogenic features. The mechanisms driving HIV-1 pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis involve a series of events, including metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, HIV-subtype-specific variations, particularly alterations in the amino acid sequences of key viral proteins, are known to influence the severity of clinical outcomes in people living with HIV. However, the impact of amino acid sequence variations in specific viral proteins, such as Viral protein R (Vpr), on metabolites within the Tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) pathway in people living with HIV remains unclear. Our research aimed to explore the relationship between variations in the Vpr amino acid sequence (specifically at positions 22, 41, 45, and 55, as these have been previously linked to neurocognitive function) and peripheral Trp-Kyn metabolites. Additionally, we sought to clarify the systems biology of Vpr sequence variation by examining the link between Trp-Kyn metabolism and peripheral inflammation, as a neuropathogenic mechanism. In this preliminary study, we analyzed a unique cohort of thirty-two (n = 32) South African cART naïve people living with HIV. We employed Sanger sequencing to ascertain blood-derived Vpr amino acid sequence variations and a targeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics platform to assess Trp-Kyn metabolites, such as Trp, Kyn, kynurenic acid (KA), and quinolinic acid (QUIN). Particle-enhanced turbidimetric assay and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure immune markers, hsCRP, IL-6, suPAR, NGAL and sCD163. After applying Bonferroni corrections (p =.05/3) and adjusting for covariates (age and sex), only the Vpr G41 and A55 groups was nearing significance for higher levels of QUIN compared to the Vpr S41 and T55 groups, respectively (all p =.023). Multiple regression results revealed that Vpr amino acid variations at position 41 (adj R2 = 0.049, β = 0.505; p =.023), and 55 (adj R2 = 0.126, β = 0.444; p =.023) displayed significant associations with QUIN after adjusting for age and sex. Lastly, the higher QUIN levels observed in the Vpr G41 group were found to be correlated with suPAR (r =.588, p =.005). These results collectively underscore the importance of specific Vpr amino acid substitutions in influencing QUIN and inflammation (specifically suPAR levels), potentially contributing to our understanding of their roles in the pathogenesis and neuropathogenesis of HIV-1.
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- 2024
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95. Gaia Search for stellar Companions of TESS Objects of Interest III
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Mugrauer, M., Zander, J., and Michel, K. -U.
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Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies - Abstract
The latest results from our ongoing multiplicity study of (Community) TESS Objects of Interest are presented, using astro- and photometric data from the ESA-Gaia mission, to detect stellar companions of these stars and characterize their properties. A total of 124 binary and 7 hierarchical triple star systems were detected among 2175 targets, whose multiplicity was investigated in the course of our survey, which are located at distances closer than about 500pc around the Sun. The detected companions and the targets are located at the same distance and share a common proper motion, as expected for components of gravitationally bound stellar systems, as proven with their accurate Gaia EDR3 astrometry. The companions have masses in the range between about 0.09 and 2.5$M_\odot$ and are most frequently found in the mass range between 0.15 and 0.8$M_\odot$. The companions exhibit projected separations to the targets between about 50 to 9700au and their frequency is the highest and constant up to about 500au, while it decreases for larger projected separations. In addition to mainly mid M to early K dwarfs, 4 white dwarf companions were detected in this survey, whose true nature could be identified with their photometric properties., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in AN
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- 2022
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96. Beam Alignment Using Trajectory Information in Mobile Millimeter-wave Networks
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Khosravi, Sara, Ghadikolaei, Hossein S., Zander, Jens, and Petrova, Marina
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Computer Science - Information Theory ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing - Abstract
Millimeter-wave and terahertz systems rely on beamforming/combining codebooks to determine the best beam directions during the initial access and data transmission. Existing approaches suffer from large codebook sizes and high beam searching overhead in the presence of mobile devices. To address this issue, we utilize the similarity of the channel in adjacent locations to divide the user trajectory into a set of separate regions and maintain a set of candidate beams for each region in a database. Due to the tradeoff between the number of regions and the signalling overhead, i.e., the greater number of regions results in a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but also a larger signalling overhead for the database, we propose an optimization framework to find the minimum number of regions based on the trajectory of a mobile device. Using a ray tracing tool, we demonstrate that the proposed method provides high SNR while being more robust to the location information accuracy in comparison to the lookup table baseline and fixed size region baseline.
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- 2022
97. The Topology of Circular Synthetic Aperture Sonar Targets
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Robinson, Michael and Memon, Zander
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing ,Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science ,Mathematics - Algebraic Topology ,57Z20, 55N31 ,J.2 - Abstract
This report presents a connection between the physical acoustics of an object and the topology of the space of echoes resulting from a circular synthetic aperture sonar (CSAS) collection of that object. A simple theoretical model is developed that yields a precise, yet qualitative, description of the space of echoes. This theoretical model is validated in simulation and with experimental data from a laboratory sonar system., Comment: 21 pages, 23 figures
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- 2022
98. Location-Aided Beamforming in Mobile Millimeter-Wave Networks
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Khosravi, Sara, Ghadikolaeiy, Hossein S., Zander, Jens, and Petrova, Marina
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Due to the large bandwidth available, millimeter-Wave (mmWave) bands are considered a viable opportunity to significantly increase the data rate in cellular and wireless networks. Nevertheless, the need for beamforming and directional communication between the transmitter and the receiver increases the complexity of the channel estimation and link establishment phase. Location-aided beamforming approaches have the potential to enable fast link establishment in mmWave networks. However, these are often very sensitive to location errors. In this work, we propose a beamforming algorithm based on tracking spatial correlation of the available strong paths between the transmitter and the receiver. We show that our method is robust to uncertainty in location information, i.e., location error and can provide a reliable connection to a moving user along a trajectory. The numerical results show that our approach outperforms benchmarks on various levels of error in the location information accuracy. The gain is more prominent in high location error scenarios.
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- 2022
99. How many dark neutrino sectors does cosmology allow?
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Zander, Alan, Ettengruber, Manuel, and Eller, Philipp
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- 2024
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100. The Magnetic Field from Cylindrical Arc Coils and Magnets: A Compendium with New Analytic Solutions for Radial Magnetization and Azimuthal Current
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Matthew Forbes, William S. P. Robertson, Anthony C. Zander, and Johannes J. H. Paulides
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cylindrical geometry ,electromagnetic coil ,exact analytical solution ,magnetic field modeling ,permanent magnet ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Abstract This study provides analytic solutions for the magnetic field of coils and magnets that have a non‐axisymmetric cylindrical geometry with a rectangular cross‐section. New analytic solutions are provided for radially magnetized permanent magnet arcs, thin coil disc sectors, and thick coil sectors. If components of the 3D field are not representable in closed‐form or as canonical Legendre elliptic integrals, the exact solution is given in terms of a series of regularized beta functions. The limit and hence spatial convergence is found to these series, giving a well‐defined and fast solving algorithm for computation. The equations can be readily applied to find the magnetostatic field in linear or non‐linear systems that contain a large set of elements. Example applications are provided to demonstrate how the field can be used to calculate forces and benchmark computational efficiency of the equations. A thorough review of the preceding literature and background theory is provided before a detailed methodology obtaining the analytic solutions contained in this compendium, and further related geometries in cylindrical or spherical coordinates. This is the first study to comprehensively solve the field equations for this collection of electromagnetic geometries.
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- 2024
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