1,909 results on '"Z. Yue"'
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52. The China Hot Springs. Introduction and remarks
- Author
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L. Peng and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Hot spring ,geography ,education.field_of_study ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,History ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Empire ,Royal family ,General Medicine ,Ancient history ,Sinicization ,Spring (hydrology) ,Official history ,China ,education ,media_common - Abstract
As early as the records “the flowing hot spring, washes away the filth, drives away evil spirits, and returns to the right way” of Ode of Hot Spring by Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Commentary on the Waterways Classic by Li Daoyuan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there have been 31 records of hot spring in China, among which Lushan Mountain Hot Spring and Taiyi Mountain (Zhongnan Mountain) Hot Spring have detailed description of curative effect. Because of the its health benefits, hot spring bathing went into the residence of the upper ruling class. Many hot spring areas became temporary residence of the royal family, while the public use of hot spring was rarely recorded in the official history. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi wrote Everlasting Regret, saying that “granted shower in Huaqing Pool in cold spring, with slippery hot spring water washing her silky skin.” Although the beauty effect of the hot spring was clear, what impressed the world was the political marriage of Imperial Concubine Yang. In the 14th century, the Mongols established a vast empire across Eurasia, and the Chinese and Western civilizations had an unprecedented intersection. Western balneotherapy has entered China for the first time. According to archaeological discovery, the remaining Yude Hall in The Palace Museum in Beijing was built in the Yuan Dynasty, built by Byzantine craftsmen at that time. Its architectural form was influenced by the Roman spa, which became the historical witness of the introduction of balneotherapy from the West into China. However, the sinicization of this only combination of Chinese and western balneotherapy was only used by the imperial palace of the Yuan Dynasty and it was not popularized in Chinese society after all. When the empire that unites Eurasia is gone, Yude Hall is forgotten gradually in the humble corner of Palace Museum. Influenced by the revival of western balneotherapy in the 19th century, Chinese warlords and senior officials built a number of hot spring accommodations throughout the country during the Republican period, such as Tangshan in Nanjing, Tanggangzi in Liaoning and Conghua hot spring. Unlike in the west, balneotherapy in China attaches great importance to the theory of natural health and neglects the development of water quality, medical facilities and complementary therapies. For example, the Pearl River Nursing Home built in the Conghua hot spring in the Republican period was named as the place of heavenly medicine, with an inscription of “a disease cannot be cured by medicine, but only by heaven”, which means to restore health through the efficacy of the natural environment. From 1950s to 1970s, China began the construction trend of nursing homes. More than 1,500 nursing homes of all kinds were set up in the 1960s, many of which are hot spring sanatoriums. At this stage, Chinese hot spring sanatorium introduced relatively completed balneotherapy from the Soviet union and became an important part of the national medical system. However, as the institutional reform in the 1990s was gradually pushed forward, the state's financial support for nursing homes gradually decreased, and a large number of nursing homes closed down due to the lack of patients. The development of balneotherapy in China fell into a low ebb again. Reform and opening-up in 1980s drived the redevelopment of hot spring tourist destinations in China. According to the China Hot Spring Association, there were 2,538 hot spring enterprises in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) as of 2017. In 2017, the total number of hot spring tourists reached 770 million, and the total revenue of national hot spring enterprises reached 242.83 billion yuan. China's hot spring tourism has experienced rapid growth in the past 30 years. Many new hot spring projects include the hot spring pool, water park, restaurant and highend hotel, and balneotherapy has been preserved in many hot spring projects. However, what do China's vast tourist population think of balneotherapy, and what do they do with their consumption in modern hot springs, all of which are worthy of attention.
- Published
- 2018
53. Comparing prognosis of photodynamic diagnosis with 5-aminolaevulinic acid or hexylaminolevulinate and narrow band imaging versus white light cystoscopy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
- Author
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H. Hao, Z. Yue, C. Chen, and H. Jian
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Bladder cancer ,Narrow-band imaging ,business.industry ,Urology ,Photodynamic diagnosis ,medicine.disease ,Hexylaminolevulinate ,medicine ,White light cystoscopy ,Radiology ,business ,5 aminolaevulinic acid ,Non muscle invasive - Published
- 2019
54. Long noncoding RNA LNMAT2 promotes bladder cancer metastasis by CCL5-dependent macrophage recruitment
- Author
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H. Jian, C. Chen, H. Wang, L. Tianxin, C. Xu, and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Bladder cancer ,business.industry ,Urology ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Long non-coding RNA ,CCL5 ,Macrophage recruitment ,Metastasis - Published
- 2019
55. Exchange Rate Policy and Sovereign Bond Spreads in Developing Countries
- Author
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Samir Jahjah, Bin Wei, and Vivian Z. Yue
- Subjects
Western hemisphere ,Economics and Econometrics ,Exchange rate ,Sovereignty ,Accounting ,Bond ,Economics ,Developing country ,Financial system ,Monetary economics ,Exchange-rate regime ,Finance ,Debt crisis - Abstract
This paper empirically analyzes how exchange rate policy affects the issuance and pricing of international bonds for developing countries. We find that countries with less flexible exchange rate regimes pay higher sovereign bond spreads and are less likely to issue bonds. Quantitatively, changing a free-floating regime to a fixed regime decreases the likelihood of bond issuance by 4.6% and increases the bond spread by 1.3% on average. Furthermore, countries with real exchange rate overvaluation have higher bond spreads and higher bond issuance probabilities. Moreover, such positive effects of real exchange rate overvaluation tend to be magnified for countries with fixed exchange rate regimes. Our results suggest that choosing a less flexible exchange rate regime in general leads to higher borrowing costs for developing countries, especially when their currencies are overvalued.
- Published
- 2013
56. Effects of a proteasome inhibitor on the NF-κB signalling pathway in experimental osteoarthritis
- Author
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R Quan, Z Huang, Disheng Yang, Z Yue, J Pan, D Xin, and L Zhang
- Subjects
Cartilage, Articular ,Male ,Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Necrosis ,Leupeptins ,Interleukin-1beta ,Immunology ,Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors ,Pharmacology ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Rheumatology ,Ubiquitin ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,Endopeptidases ,Osteoarthritis ,medicine ,Animals ,Chymotrypsin ,Immunology and Allergy ,Anterior Cruciate Ligament ,biology ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,business.industry ,Cartilage ,Synovial Membrane ,Transcription Factor RelA ,Interleukin ,General Medicine ,Rats ,Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Proteasome ,biology.protein ,Proteasome inhibitor ,I-kappa B Proteins ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To evaluate the effects of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65, inhibitor (I)-κB, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β in the cartilage and synovial tissues of rats with osteoarthritis (OA), and to investigate the role that the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS) plays in the OA process.A total of 144 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT) + MG-132 (ACLT/M), ACLT + dimethylsulfoxide (ACLT/D), sham surgery (Sham), and naïve + MG-132 (naïve/M). Pathological morphology was undertaken. mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p65, I-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β were determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The activities of the 20S proteasome chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolase-like enzymes were measured using fluorospectrophotometry.The Mankin scores at all time points in ACLT/M rats were significantly lower than those in ACLT/D rats (p0.05). Despite the NF-κB p65 in the synovial tissue at 2 weeks after surgery and IL-1β in the cartilage tissue at 12 weeks after surgery, mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and TNF-α at other time points in ACLT/M were significantly lower than those in ACLT/D (p0.05). mRNA levels of I-κB in the cartilage tissue in ACLT/M were significantly higher than those in ACLT/D at 2 weeks after surgery (p0.05). mRNA levels of I-κB in the synovial tissue in ACLT/M were higher than those in ACLT/D at all time points, and the difference was significant at 4 weeks after surgery (p0.05). MG-132 decreased the activities of the 20S proteasome chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl-peptide hydrolase-like enzymes in the cartilage and synovial tissues of rats.The proteasome inhibitor MG-132 delays the progress of OA by alleviating synovial inflammation and protecting the articular cartilage tissue.
- Published
- 2013
57. Interest Rate Swaps and Corporate Default
- Author
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Vivian Z. Yue and Urban J. Jermann
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,050208 finance ,Control and Optimization ,Reference rate ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Financial economics ,business.industry ,Applied Mathematics ,05 social sciences ,Market timing ,Interest rate swap ,Bond valuation ,Swap (finance) ,Bankruptcy ,0502 economics and business ,Economics ,corporate default, debt pricing, Interest rate swaps, risk management, swap position ,050207 economics ,business ,Empirical evidence ,Risk management - Abstract
This paper studies firms’ usage of interest rate swaps in a model economy driven by aggregate productivity shocks, inflation shocks, and counter-cyclical idiosyncratic productivity risk. Consistent with empirical evidence, firms in the model are fixed-rate payers. Counter-cyclical productivity risk is key for this finding; inflation risk contributes to producing the opposite outcome. Also consistent with empirical evidence, swap positions are negatively correlated with the term spread, so that firms appear to be timing the market. In the model, swaps generate only small economic gains for the typical firm. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled “Fiscal and Monetary Policies”.
- Published
- 2013
58. Signature of Hanle Precession in Trilayer MoS2: Theory and Experiment
- Author
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Z. Yue, Mikhail Raikh, David Magginetti, Ashutosh Tiwari, and Kun Tian
- Subjects
Hanle effect ,Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed matter physics ,Field (physics) ,Scattering ,Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Coupling (probability) ,01 natural sciences ,Magnetic field ,0103 physical sciences ,Precession ,Spin diffusion ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Spin-½ - Abstract
Valley-spin coupling in transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can result in unusual spin transport behaviors under an external magnetic field. Nonlocal resistance measured from 2D materials such as TMDs via electrical Hanle experiments are predicted to exhibit nontrivial features, compared with results from conventional materials due to the presence of intervalley scattering as well as a strong internal spin-orbit field. Here, for the first time, we report the all-electrical injection and non-local detection of spin polarized carriers in trilayer MoS_2 films. We calculate the Hanle curves theoretically when the separation between spin injector and detector is much larger than spin diffusion length, \lamda_s. The experimentally observed curve matches the theoretically-predicted Hanle shape under the regime of slow intervalley scattering. The estimated spin life-time was found to be around 110 ps at 30 K., 8 pages, 6 figures
- Published
- 2016
59. Smearing of the quantum anomalous Hall effect due to statistical fluctuations of magnetic dopants
- Author
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Mikhail Raikh and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Arrhenius equation ,Physics ,Instanton ,Condensed matter physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Zero (complex analysis) ,Zero-point energy ,Quantum anomalous Hall effect ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) ,Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,3. Good health ,Ion ,symbols.namesake ,Transition point ,0103 physical sciences ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,symbols ,Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Gap reduction - Abstract
Quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAH) is induced by substitution of a certain portion, x, of Bi atoms in a BiTe-based insulating parent compound by magnetic ions (Cr or V). We find the density of in-gap states, N(E), emerging as a result of statistic fluctuations of the composition, x, in the vicinity of the transition point, where the average gap, E_g, passes through zero. Local gap follows the fluctuations of x. Using the instanton approach, we show that, near the gap edges, the tails are exponential, ln N(E) \propto -(E_g-|E|), and the tail states are due to small gap reduction. Our main finding is that, even when the smearing magnitude exceeds the gap-width, there exists are semi-hard gap around zero energy, where ln N(E) \propto -E_g/|E| (ln E_g/|E|). The states responsible for N(E) originate from local gap reversals within narrow rings. The consequence of semi-hard gap is the Arrhenius, rather than variable-range hopping, temperature dependence of the diagonal conductivity at low temperatures., 7 pages, 2 figures
- Published
- 2016
60. Effect of extended confinement on the structure of edge channels in the quantum anomalous Hall effect
- Author
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Z. Yue and Mikhail Raikh
- Subjects
Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Scattering ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Quantum anomalous Hall effect ,02 engineering and technology ,Quantum Hall effect ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,3. Good health ,Magnetic field ,Ferromagnetism ,Quantum mechanics ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,0103 physical sciences ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Electronic band structure ,Wave function ,Quantum - Abstract
Quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect in the films with nontrivial band structure accompanies the ferromagnetic transition in the system of magnetic dopants. Experimentally, the QAH transition manifests itself as a jump in the dependence of longitudinal resistivity on a weak external magnetic field. Microscopically, this jump originates from the emergence of a chiral edge mode on one side of the ferromagnetic transition. We study analytically the effect of an extended confinement on the structure of the edge modes. We employ the simplest model of the extended confinement in the form of potential step next to the hard wall. It is shown that, unlike the conventional quantum Hall effect, where all edge channels are chiral, in QAH effect, a complex structure of the boundary leads to nonchiral edge modes which are present on both sides of the ferromagnetic transition. Wave functions of nonchiral modes are different above and below the transition: on the "topological" side, where the chiral edge mode is supported, nonchiral modes are "repelled" from the boundary, i.e. they are much less localized than on the "trivial" side. Thus, the disorder-induced scattering into these modes will boost the extension of the chiral edge mode. The prime experimental manifestation of nonchiral modes is that, by contributing to longitudinal resistance, they smear the QAH transition., 8 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2016
61. Spectral narrowing and spin echo for localized carriers with heavy-tailed L evy distribution of hopping times
- Author
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Z. Yue, Vagharsh Mkhitaryan, and M. E. Raikh
- Published
- 2016
62. Effective spin Hall properties of a mixture of materials with and without spin-orbit coupling: Tailoring the effective spin diffusion length
- Author
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Z. Yue, Mikhail Raikh, M. C. Prestgard, and Ashutosh Tiwari
- Subjects
Physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Spin polarization ,Spin valve ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) ,02 engineering and technology ,Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ,Zero field splitting ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Spin wave ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,0103 physical sciences ,Spin Hall effect ,Spinplasmonics ,Spin diffusion ,Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Spin-½ - Abstract
We study theoretically the effective spin Hall properties of a composite consisting of two materials with and without spin-orbit (SO) coupling. In particular, we assume that SO material represents a system of grains in a matrix with no SO. We calculate the effective spin Hall angle and the effective spin diffusion length of the mixture. Our main qualitative finding is that, when the bare spin diffusion length is much smaller than the radius of the grain, the effective spin diffusion length is strongly enhanced, well beyond the "geometrical" factor. The physical origin of this additional enhancement is that, with small diffusion length, the spin current mostly flows around the grain without suffering much loss. We also demonstrate that the voltage, created by a spin current, is sensitive to a very weak magnetic field directed along the spin current, and even reverses sign in a certain domain of fields. The origin of this sensitivity is that the spin precession, caused by magnetic field, takes place outside the grains where SO is absent., 9 pages, 6 figures
- Published
- 2016
63. Spin transport in n-type single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides
- Author
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Kun Tian, Z. Yue, Mikhail Raikh, and Ashutosh Tiwari
- Subjects
Physics ,Cusp (singularity) ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Scattering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Coupling (probability) ,01 natural sciences ,Asymmetry ,Magnetic field ,Orientation (vector space) ,0103 physical sciences ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,Spin-½ ,media_common - Abstract
Valley asymmetry of the electron spectrum in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) originates from the spin-orbit coupling. Presence of spin-orbit fields of opposite signs for electrons in K and K' valleys in combination with possibility of intervalley scattering result in a nontrivial spin dynamics. This dynamics is reflected in the dependence of nonlocal resistance on external magnetic field (the Hanle curve). We calculate theoretically the Hanle shape in TMDs. It appears that, unlike conventional materials without valley asymmetry, the Hanle shape in TMDs is different for normal and parallel orientations of the external field. For normal orientation, it has two peaks for slow intervalley scattering, while, for fast intervalley scattering the shape is usual. For parallel orientation, the Hanle curve exhibits a cusp at zero field. This cusp is a signature of a slow-decaying valley-asymmetric mode of the spin dynamics., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Prognostic Factors for Visual Outcome in Traumatic Cataract Patients
- Author
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Yu Zhu, Yan F. Zhang, Zhen Z. Yue, Ying Qi, Ming G. Wan, and Shan S. Du
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,genetic structures ,Article Subject ,business.industry ,Accident prevention ,Removal procedure ,Hand motion ,Central china ,Poison control ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Ocular trauma ,Light perception ,eye diseases ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ophthalmology ,0302 clinical medicine ,lcsh:Ophthalmology ,lcsh:RE1-994 ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,Medicine ,Traumatic cataract ,sense organs ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the prognostic factors for visual outcome in traumatic cataract patients.Methods. The demographic features of traumatic cataract patients in Central China were studied. The factors that might influence the visual outcome were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of OTS (ocular trauma score) in predicting VA were calculated.Results. The study enrolled 480 cases. 65.5% of patients achieved VA at >20/60. The factors associated with the final VA were initial VA, injury type, wound location, the way of cataract removal, and IOL implantation. The sensitivities of OTS in predicting the VA at NLP (nonlight perception), LP/HM (light perception/hand motion), and ≥20/40 were 100%. The specificity of OTS to predict the final VA at 1/200-19/200 and 20/200-20/50 was 100%.Conclusion. The prognostic factors were initial VA, injury type, wound location, cataract removal procedure, and the way of IOL implantation. The OTS has good sensitivity and specificity in predicting visual outcome in traumatic cataract patients in long follow-up.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. A General Equilibrium Model of Sovereign Default and Business Cycles
- Author
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Enrique G. Mendoza and Vivian Z. Yue
- Subjects
Macroeconomics ,Economics and Econometrics ,General equilibrium theory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sovereign default ,Working capital ,jel:E32 ,jel:E44 ,jel:F32 ,Monetary economics ,Loss given default ,Interest rate ,jel:F34 ,Business cycle ,Economics ,Default ,Non-performing loan ,media_common - Abstract
Emerging markets business cycle models treat default risk as part of an exogenous interest rate on working capital, while sovereign default models treat income fluctuations as an exogenous endowment process with ad-noc default costs. We propose instead a general equilibrium model of both sovereign default and business cycles. In the model, some imported inputs require working capital financing; default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around default triggers an efficiency loss as these inputs are replaced by imperfect substitutes; and default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around deraults, countercyclical spreads, high debt ratios, and key business cycle moments. This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate.
- Published
- 2012
66. Flood hydraulics due to cascade landslide dam failure
- Author
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Gareth Pender, Z. Cao, and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Hydrology ,Environmental Engineering ,Flood myth ,Hydraulics ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Flooding (psychology) ,Landslide ,Hydrograph ,Inflow ,law.invention ,Flume ,Landslide dam ,law ,parasitic diseases ,Geotechnical engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Geology ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
Landslide dams are usually unconsolidated and when they act to impound water, they are subjected to failure that triggers catastrophic flooding downstream. However, the flood hydraulics due to landslide dam failure has remained poorly understood and cannot be reliably predicted at present. Inevitably, this militates against effective flood risk management in areas prone to landslides. Extending the recent investigation of a single landslide dam failure and the resulting flood, here, we present an experimental and computational study on the flood flow induced by cascade landslide dam failure. A total of 12 runs of experiments are conducted in a flume of 80 m × 1.2 m × 0.8 m, with differing inflow discharge and dam composition. An array of 12 automatic water-level probes is deployed to measure the stage hydrographs along the flume. The coupled shallow water hydrodynamic model calibrated for cases of a single landslide dam failure is demonstrated to perform reasonably well for cascade landslide dam failure. Most notably, under appropriate conditions, the occurrence of streamwise progressive enhancement of the flood induced by cascade landslide dam failure is demonstrated. This features a higher risk of flooding downstream and therefore warrants careful consideration in flood risk management.
- Published
- 2011
67. Sovereign default and debt renegotiation
- Author
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Vivian Z. Yue
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Sovereign default ,Recourse debt ,Debt-to-GDP ratio ,Economics ,Financial system ,Default ,Internal debt ,Debt levels and flows ,External debt ,Finance ,Debt crisis - Abstract
In this paper, we develop a small open economy model to study sovereign default and debt renegotiation within a dynamic borrowing framework. The model features both endogenous default risk and endogenous debt recovery rates. A country’s future borrowing and default decisions affect the determination of debt recovery rates in a Nash bargaining game; whereas the endogenous debt recovery rates, in turn, influence the country’s ex ante incentive to default. Sovereign bonds are priced to compensate creditors for the risks of default and debt restructuring in equilibrium. We find that both equilibrium debt recovery rates and sovereign bond prices decrease with the level of debt. In a quantitative analysis, the model successfully accounts for the volatile and countercyclical bond spreads, countercyclical current account and other empirical regularities of the Argentine economy. The model also replicates the dynamics of bond spreads during the recent debt crisis in Argentina. Furthermore, we show that introducing an endogenous debt recovery schedule leads to a higher default probability and greater interest rate volatility.
- Published
- 2010
68. Research on stratified evolution of composite materials under four-point bending loading
- Author
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Q J You, M. J. Hao, Z P Xie, J C Zheng, and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Load capacity ,Materials science ,Acoustic emission ,Chart ,Service life ,Composite number ,Stratification (water) ,Material failure theory ,Composite material - Abstract
In order to explore the effect of stratified evolution and delamination on the load capacity and service life of the composite materials under the four-point bending loading, the artificial tectonic defects of the different positions were set up. The four-point bending test was carried out, and the whole process was recorded by acoustic emission, and the damage degree of the composite layer was judged by the impact accumulation of the specimen - time-amplitude history chart, load-time-relative energy history chart, acoustic emission impact signal positioning map. The results show that the stratified defects near the surface of the specimen accelerate the process of material failure and expansion. The location of the delamination defects changes the bending performance of the composites to a great extent. The closer the stratification defects are to the surface of the specimen, the greater the damage, the worse the service capacity of the specimen.
- Published
- 2017
69. Global yield curve dynamics and interactions: A dynamic Nelson–Siegel approach
- Author
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Francis X. Diebold, Canlin Li, and Vivian Z. Yue
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Applied Mathematics ,Yield (finance) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Bond ,Context (language use) ,Interest rate ,Term (time) ,Econometrics ,Government bond ,Bond market ,Yield curve ,Mathematics ,media_common - Abstract
The popular Nelson-Siegel (1987) yield curve is routinely fit to cross sections of intra-country bond yields, and Diebold and Li (2006) have recently proposed a dynamized version. In this paper we extend Diebold-Li to a global context, modeling a potentially large set of country yield curves in a framework that allows for both global and country-specific factors. In an empirical analysis of term structures of government bond yields for the Germany, Japan, the U.K. and the U.S., we find that global yield factors do indeed exist and are economically important, generally explaining significant fractions of country yield curve dynamics, with interesting differences across countries.
- Published
- 2008
70. A conceptual model for explanation of Albedo changes in Martian craters
- Author
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Huade Guan, Hongjie Xie, M. Thueson, M. Zhu, Steve Ackley, and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Martian ,Impact crater ,Space and Planetary Science ,Frost ,Polar ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Ice caps ,Albedo ,Atmospheric sciences ,Longitude ,Regolith ,Geology ,Astrobiology - Abstract
We propose a conceptual model to interpret AM/PM high albedo events (HAEs) in crater interiors at the Martian seasonal polar caps. This model consists of two components: (1) a relatively permanent high-albedo water–ice body exposed in a crater interior and (2) a variable crater albedo in response to aerosol optical depth, dust contamination, and H 2 O/CO 2 frost deposits or sublimes in four phases, based on temperature and solar longitude changes. Two craters (Korolev crater of fully exposed water–ice layer and ‘Louth’ crater of partially exposed water–ice layer) are used to demonstrate the model. This model explains the HAEs and their seasonal changes and suggests that many crater-like features formed in the last episodic advance of the polar ice cap in the last high obliquity period should have water–ice exposed or covered. For the AM-only HAEs craters, there seems no need of a water–ice layer to be fully exposed, but a subsurface water–ice layer (or ice-rich regolith) is a necessary condition.
- Published
- 2008
71. A Solution to the Default Risk-Business Cycle Disconnect
- Author
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Vivian Z. Yue and Enrique G. Mendoza
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,Sovereign default ,Working capital ,Strategic default ,Business cycle ,Default ,Business ,Monetary economics ,Non-performing loan ,Loss given default ,Interest rate ,media_common - Abstract
Models of business cycles in emerging economies explain the negative correlation between country spreads and output by modeling default risk as an exogenous interest rate on working capital. Models of strategic default explain the cyclical properties of sovereign spreads by assuming an exogenous output cost of default with special features, and they underestimate debt-output ratios by a wide margin. This paper proposes a solution to this default risk-business cycle disconnect based on a model of sovereign default with endogenous output dynamics. The model replicates observed V-shaped output dynamics around default episodes, countercyclical sovereign spreads, and high debt ratios, and it also matches the variability of consumption and the countercyclical fluctuations of net exports. Three features of the model are key for these results: (1) working capital loans pay for imported inputs; (2) imported inputs support more efficient factor allocations than when these inputs are produced internally; and (3) default on the foreign obligations of firms and the government occurs simultaneously.
- Published
- 2008
72. Adaptive superposition of finite element meshes in non-linear transient solid mechanics problems
- Author
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Z. Yue and D. H. Robbins
- Subjects
Numerical Analysis ,Nonlinear system ,Superposition principle ,Applied Mathematics ,Solid mechanics ,Displacement field ,General Engineering ,Estimator ,Transient response ,Superconvergence ,Algorithm ,Finite element method ,Mathematics - Abstract
An s-adaptive finite element procedure is developed for the transient analysis of 2-D solid mechanics problems with material non-linearity due to progressive damage. The resulting adaptive method simultaneously estimates and controls both the spatial error and temporal error within user-specified tolerances. The spatial error is quantified by the Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimator and computed via superconvergent patch recovery, while the estimation of temporal error is based on the assumption of a linearly varying third-order time derivatives of the displacement field in conjunction with direct numerical time integration. The distinguishing characteristic of the s-adaptive procedure is the use of finite element mesh superposition (s-refinement) to provide spatial adaptivity. Mesh superposition proves to be particularly advantageous in computationally demanding non-linear transient problems since it is faster, simpler and more efficient than traditional h-refinement schemes. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the performance characteristics of the s-adaptive method for quasi-static and transient problems with material non-linearity.
- Published
- 2007
73. Spin pumping from a ferromagnet into a hopping insulator: Role of resonant absorption of magnons
- Author
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Dmytro Pesin, Z. Yue, and Mikhail Raikh
- Subjects
Physics ,Spin pumping ,Zeeman effect ,Condensed matter physics ,Spin polarization ,Magnon ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Ferromagnetic resonance ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Magnetic field ,symbols.namesake ,Ferromagnetism ,Spin wave ,symbols ,Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
Motivated by recent experiments on spin pumping from a ferromagnet into organic materials in which the charge transport is due to hopping, we study theoretically the generation and propagation of spin current in a hopping insulator. Unlike metals, the spin polarization at the boundary with ferromagnet is created as a result of magnon absorption within pairs of localized states and it spreads following the current-currying resistor network (although the charge current is absent). We consider a classic resonant mechanism of the ac absorption in insulators and adapt it to the absorption of magnons. A strong enhancement of pumping efficiency is predicted when the Zeeman splitting of the localized states in external magnetic field is equal to the frequency of ferromagnetic resonance. Under this condition the absorption of a magnon takes place within individual sites.
- Published
- 2015
74. Qualitative analysis of the effect of stress coupling on fatigue life of welding zone
- Author
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H Gao, J Kang, Z Yue, F Wang, and J Liu
- Subjects
Stress (mechanics) ,Coupling (electronics) ,Materials science ,Qualitative analysis ,law ,Metallurgy ,Welding ,Composite material ,law.invention - Published
- 2015
75. Load bearing analysis of the wing-fuselage connector with different structures
- Author
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L Hua, Z Yue, J Liu, and F Wang
- Subjects
Cable gland ,Wing ,Fuselage ,business.industry ,Structural engineering ,business ,Geology ,Load bearing - Published
- 2015
76. Evolution of the inhomogeneously-broadened spin noise spectrum with ac drive
- Author
-
Mikhail Raikh and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Physics ,Field (physics) ,Spins ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Order (ring theory) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Omega ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Amplitude ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,Atomic physics ,Local field ,Hyperfine structure ,Spin-½ - Abstract
In the presence of random hyperfine fields, the noise spectrum, \delta s_{\omega}^2, of a spin ensemble represents a narrow peak centered at \omega =0 and a broad "wing" reflecting the distribution of the hyperfine fields. In the presence of an ac drive, the dynamics of a single spin acquires additional harmonics at frequencies determined by both, the drive frequency and the local field. These harmonics are reflected as additional peaks in the noise spectrum. We study how the ensemble-averaged \delta s_{\omega}^2 evolves with the drive amplitude, \omega_dr (in the frequency units). Our main finding is that additional peaks in the spectrum, caused by the drive, remain sharp even when \omega_dr is much smaller than the typical hyperfine field. The reason is that the drive affects only the spins for which the local Larmour frequency is close to the drive frequency. The shape of the low-frequency "Rabi"-peak in \delta s_{\omega}^2 is universal with both, the position and the width, being of the order of \omega_dr. When the drive amplitude exceeds the width of the hyperfine field distribution, the noise spectrum transforms into a set of sharp peaks centered at harmonics of the drive frequency., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2015
77. Resonant magneto-tunneling between normal and ferromagnetic electrodes in relation to the three-terminal spin transport
- Author
-
Z. Yue, Ashutosh Tiwari, M. C. Prestgard, and Mikhail Raikh
- Subjects
Magnetoresistance ,FOS: Physical sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) ,010306 general physics ,Quantum tunnelling ,Spin-½ ,Physics ,Zeeman effect ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,Spin polarization ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect ,3. Good health ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Magnetic field ,Ferromagnetism ,symbols ,Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The recently suggested mechanism [Y. Song and H. Dery, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 047205 (2014)] of the three-terminal spin transport is based on the resonant tunneling of electrons between ferromagnetic and normal electrodes via an impurity. The sensitivity of current to a weak external magnetic field stems from a spin blockade, which, in turn, is enabled by strong on-site repulsion. We demonstrate that this sensitivity exists even in the absence of repulsion when a single-particle description applies. Within this description, we calculate exactly the resonant-tunneling current between the electrodes. The mechanism of magnetoresistance, completely different from the spin blocking, has its origin in the interference of virtual tunneling amplitudes. Spin imbalance in ferromagnetic electrode is responsible for this interference and the resulting coupling of the Zeeman levels. This coupling also affects the current in the correlated regime., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. Enhanced charge separation and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in carbonized-polymer-dot-coupled lead halide perovskitesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/d0mh00955e
- Author
-
ZhaoY. Z., Yue, work., Q. Z. contributed equally to this, Zeng, Qingsen, Yu, Yue, Feng, Tanglue, Zhao, Yajie, Wang, Zidong, Li, Yi, Liu, Chongming, Liu, Junjun, Wei, Haotong, Zhu, Shoujun, Kang, Zhenhui, Zhang, Hao, and Yang, Bai
- Abstract
Metal halide perovskites are promising candidates as photocatalysts due to their uniquely outstanding photophysical properties; however, the catalytic efficiency is limited by severe charge recombination. Herein, we show that carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) can act as an efficient charge modulator to stabilize photo-generated carriers in methylamine lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskites through ultra-fast hole transfer, and thus increase the rate of visible light-driven photocatalytic HI splitting 35-fold. The optimized CPD/MAPbI3/Pt hybrid photocatalytic system exhibits an impressive H2evolution rate of 11 497 μmol h−1g−1, a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 2.15%, and an apparent quantum yield of 53.6% at 420 nm, which are among the highest values for metal halide perovskite photocatalysts. Moreover, the presented strategy of hole extraction viaCPDs can be universally applied to improve the performance of previous electron-manipulated MAPbI3-based photocatalytic systems. The easy-to-prepare and bandedge-tunable CPDs with excellent charge-transfer ability may bring new insights in developing high-performance perovskite photocatalysts.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. Rank deficiency in superconvergent patch recovery techniques with 4-node quadrilateral elements
- Author
-
D. H. Robbins and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Quadrilateral ,Adaptive method ,Applied Mathematics ,Linear system ,General Engineering ,Superconvergence ,Finite element method ,Singularity ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Robustness (computer science) ,Modeling and Simulation ,Applied mathematics ,Recovery techniques ,Software ,Mathematics - Abstract
The linear systems of equations generated by the Superconvergent Patch Recovery technique (Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng. 1992; 33:1331–1382; Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 1992; 101:207–224) can exhibit rank deficiency under certain purely geometric conditions. The rank deficiency problem can be corrected simply and efficiently by utilizing a local rotated co-ordinate system. This rotated SPR procedure is easily automated and adds robustness to automatic adaptive solution methods. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2006
80. Adaptive superposition of finite element meshes in elastodynamic problems
- Author
-
D. H. Robbins and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Numerical Analysis ,Superposition principle ,Mesh generation ,Applied Mathematics ,Displacement field ,General Engineering ,Newmark-beta method ,Polygon mesh ,Transient response ,Superconvergence ,Algorithm ,Finite element method ,Mathematics - Abstract
An adaptive finite element procedure is developed for modelling transient phenomena in elastic solids, including both wave propagation and structural dynamics. Although both temporal and spatial adaptivity are addressed, the novel feature of the formulation is the use of mesh superposition to produce spatial refinement (referred to as s-adaptivity) in transient problems. Spatial error estimation is based on superconvergent patch recovery of higher-order accurate stresses and is used to guide mesh adaptivity, while the temporal error estimation is based on the assumption of linearly varying third-order time derivatives of the displacement field and is used to adjust the time step size for the HHT-α variant of the Newmark direct numerical integration method. Spatial adaptivity of the mesh is performed using a hierarchical h-refinement scheme that is efficiently implemented using a structured version of finite element mesh superposition. This particular spatial adaptivity scheme is extremely fast and consequently makes it feasible to repeatedly update both the mesh and the time increment as required in an adaptive transient analysis. This work represents the initial effort in applying this type of spatial adaptivity to transient problems. Three example problems are given to demonstrate the performance characteristics of the s-adaptive procedure. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Published
- 2005
81. Effect of Extenders and Temperatures on Sperm Viability and Fertilizing Capacity of Harbin White Boar Semen during Long-term Liquid Storage
- Author
-
Z. L. Chang, Jinghe Tan, H. Liang, K. Z. Yue, J. B. Zhou, Z. Y. Wang, and Ming-Jiu Luo
- Subjects
endocrine system ,In vitro fertilisation ,integumentary system ,BOAR ,Spermatozoon ,urogenital system ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Extender ,Motility ,Semen ,Biology ,Sperm ,law.invention ,Andrology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Human fertilization ,law ,medicine ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Food Science - Abstract
In this study the effect of extenders and temperatures on sperm viability and fertilizing capacity of boar sperm during long-term storage was investigated. Acrosomal integrity, membrane integrity, motility and hypo-osmotic resistance were evaluated by fluorescence and light microscopy. An in vitro fertilization test was performed to assess the fertilizing capacity of stored spermatozoa. The five diluents tested were ranked according to their ability to maintain sperm functional parameters and Zorlesco (ZO) extender with BSA or with PVA instead of BSA produced the best results. Zorlesco extender substituted with PVA (ZO+PVA) was found to maintain motility both at 15 and 20°C within 5 days of storage, but the quality of semen stored at 15°C decreased thereafter as compared to semen stored at 20°C. Semen stored at 5°C demonstrated rapid loss of motility already within 24 h. Both fertilization and cleavage of semen stored at 20°C in ZO substituted with PVA instead of BSA did not change significantly until day 8 of storage. It is therefore concluded that PVA can be used to substitute for BSA and 20°C was more suitable than 15°C for boar semen storage, and in vitro fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa was maintained for at least 8 days in ZO+PVA at 20°C. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 11 : 1501- 1508)
- Published
- 2004
82. Deletion of the n-terminus of murine map2 by gene targeting disrupts hippocampal ca1 neuron architecture and alters contextual memory
- Author
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Richard E. Hartman, Z. Yue, J. Boero, David F. Wozniak, Harold F. Sims, Arnold W. Strauss, M. E. Bardgett, Michael P. McDonald, and Zaza Khuchua
- Subjects
Male ,Heterozygote ,Paclitaxel ,Protein subunit ,Blotting, Western ,Angiogenesis Inhibitors ,Mice, Transgenic ,Motor Activity ,Biology ,Hippocampus ,Mice ,Adenosine Triphosphate ,Microtubule-associated protein 2 ,Memory ,Tubulin ,Conditioning, Psychological ,Cyclic AMP ,Reaction Time ,Animals ,Amino Acid Sequence ,RNA, Messenger ,Phosphorylation ,Binding site ,Protein kinase A ,Neurons ,Behavior, Animal ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Kinase ,Stem Cells ,General Neuroscience ,Homozygote ,Phosphorus Isotopes ,Gene targeting ,Fear ,Immunohistochemistry ,Molecular biology ,Electric Stimulation ,Peptide Fragments ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Acoustic Stimulation ,Gene Targeting ,Female ,Cues ,Signal transduction ,Microtubule-Associated Proteins ,Gene Deletion - Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein-2 (MAP2) is a brain specific A-kinase anchoring protein that targets the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme (PKA) to microtubules. Phosphorylation of MAP2 by different protein kinases is crucial for neuronal growth. The N-terminus of MAP2 contains the binding site for regulatory subunit II of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA-RIIbeta). Using homologous recombination, we created a mutant line of mice (delta1-158) that express truncated MAP2 lacking the N-terminal peptide and the PKA binding site. Deletion of the PKA binding site from the MAP2 gene resulted in decreased efficiency of MAP2 phosphorylation. Biochemical and immunohistochemical studies demonstrate major changes in the morphology of hippocampal neurons in delta1-158 mice. Behavioral tests indicate that delta1-158 mice were impaired (exhibited less conditioned freezing) relative to Wild-Type (WT) controls during a test of contextual, but not during auditory cue, fear conditioning when tested at 8 weeks or 8 months of age. The delta1-158 mice displayed a heightened sensitivity to shock at 8 weeks, but not at 8 months of age. We conclude that PKA binding to MAP2 and MAP2 phosphorylation is essential for the selective development of contextual memory.
- Published
- 2003
83. Risk analysis of urban gas pipeline network based on improved bow-tie model
- Author
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M. J. Hao, Q. J. You, and Z. Yue
- Subjects
Risk analysis (engineering) ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Risk identification ,Risk Control ,Bow tie ,Risk assessment ,business ,Gas pipeline ,Risk management - Abstract
Gas pipeline network is a major hazard source in urban areas. In the event of an accident, there could be grave consequences. In order to understand more clearly the causes and consequences of gas pipeline network accidents, and to develop prevention and mitigation measures, the author puts forward the application of improved bow-tie model to analyze risks of urban gas pipeline network. The improved bow-tie model analyzes accident causes from four aspects: human, materials, environment and management; it also analyzes the consequences from four aspects: casualty, property loss, environment and society. Then it quantifies the causes and consequences. Risk identification, risk analysis, risk assessment, risk control, and risk management will be clearly shown in the model figures. Then it can suggest prevention and mitigation measures accordingly to help reduce accident rate of gas pipeline network. The results show that the whole process of an accident can be visually investigated using the bow-tie model. It can also provide reasons for and predict consequences of an unfortunate event. It is of great significance in order to analyze leakage failure of gas pipeline network.
- Published
- 2017
84. The use of transcallosal-interforniceal approach for microsurgical removal of the third ventricle tumors
- Author
-
B Z, Jin, G Y, Yuan, S Z, Yue, X, Zhou, Q K, Guan, D W, Xu, L Y, Huang, W K, Zhou, G S, Zhou, and X Z, Zhang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Microsurgery ,Young Adult ,Adolescent ,Humans ,Female ,Middle Aged ,Child ,Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Third Ventricle - Abstract
The third ventricle is located deep in the brain and is adjacent to important neurovascular structures. This makes tumor resection in this region difficult and causes more postoperative complications than surgeries in other regions of the brain. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and clinical effects of transcallosal-interforniceal approach for microsurgical removal of the third ventricle tumors.After preoperative evaluation, 23 patients with the third ventricle tumors were microsurgically operated using the transcallosal-interforniceal approach.Of these 23 patients, 12 (52.2%) underwent total excision, 9 (39.1%) had subtotal resection, and the remaining 2 (8.7%) underwent partial excision. After surgery, the following complications were observed: diabetes insipidus (11 patients), hemorrhages of the upper digestive tract (2 patients), central fever (1 patient), and memory impairment (1 patient). No mortality in the perioperative period was reported.The surgical procedure using the transcallosal-interforniceal approach is direct and provides good surgical field exposure and fewer post operational compilations. This approach should be considered as the method of choice for surgical removal of the third ventricle tumors.
- Published
- 2014
85. The three-dimensional analysis of the influence of mining coal seams on the floor strata
- Author
-
H Xiao, Z Yue, and L Sun
- Subjects
Three dimensional analysis ,Petroleum engineering ,Mining engineering ,business.industry ,Coal mining ,business ,Geology - Published
- 2014
86. WAVE3 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer through upregulation of Snail
- Author
-
Fan Qingxia, L Xiangke, Z Yue, Wang Feng, G Jianbo, and Wang Liuxing
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ,Vimentin ,Snail ,Biology ,Metastasis ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Movement ,Stomach Neoplasms ,biology.animal ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Epithelial–mesenchymal transition ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Proliferation ,Regulation of gene expression ,Cell growth ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,RNA Interference ,Snail Family Transcription Factors ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
WAVE3, an actin cytoskeleton remodeling protein overexpressed in many kinds of cancers, has been associated with a lot of metastatic diseases. However, the role and mechanisms of the high expression of WAVE3 in human gastric cancer has not been fully elucidated. Here we demonstrated that WAVE3 was expressed in all six kinds of gastric-cancer cell lines: BGC-823, SGC-7901, AGS, MGC803, MKN28 and MKN45. Furthermore, a correlation was found between aggressiveness of these cell lines and expression of WAVE3. Next, we investigated the role of WAVE3 in SGC-7901 cells and found that upregulating WAVE3 could promote the migration, invasion and proliferation of SGC-7901 cells in vitro. It has been reported that WAVE3 could induce cancer invasion and metastasis by participating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms are not entirely clear. In this study we showed that elevated WAVE3 levels could induce EMT in SGC-7901 cells by dampening the expression of E-cadherin while increasing the expression of vimentin. Elevated WAVE3 levels could also improve the expression of transcription factor Snail. In addition, downregulating Snail could particularly reduce EMT and the metastasis, invasion and proliferation activity in SGC-7901 cells elevated by overexpression of WAVE3. Taken together, we demonstrated that WAVE3 promoted gastric-cancer-cells migration and invasion by taking part in EMT via upregulation of Snail. WAVE3 could be a useful target for gastric-cancer prevention and therapy.
- Published
- 2014
87. Fabrication and Electron Field Emission Properties of Carbon Nanotube Films by Electrophoretic Deposition
- Author
-
Bo Gao, Guozhen Z. Yue, Les Fleming, Qi Qiu, Hideo Shimoda, Otto Zhou, and Yuan Cheng
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Nanotechnology ,Carbon nanotube ,law.invention ,Carbon nanotube quantum dot ,Optical properties of carbon nanotubes ,Electrophoretic deposition ,Field electron emission ,Carbon film ,Potential applications of carbon nanotubes ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,General Materials Science ,Carbon nanotube supported catalyst - Published
- 2001
88. High resolution (375 m) cloud microstructure as seen from the NPP/VIIRS Satellite imager
- Author
-
D. Rosenfeld, G. Liu, X. Yu, Y. Zhu, J. Dai, X. Xu, and Z. Yue
- Abstract
The VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) onboard the Suomi NPP (National Polar-Orbiting Partnership) satellite has improved resolution of 750 m with respect to 1000 m of the MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, for the channels that allow retrieving cloud microphysical parameters such as cloud drop effective radius (re). The VIIRS has also an imager with 5 channels of double resolution of 375 m, which was not designed for retrieving cloud products. A methodology for a high resolution retrieval of re and microphysical presentation of the cloud field based on the VIIRS imager was developed and evaluated with respect to MODIS in this study. The tripled microphysical resolution with respect to MODIS allows obtaining new insights for cloud aerosol interactions, especially at the smallest cloud scales, because the VIIRS imager can resolve the small convective elements that are sub-pixel for MODIS cloud products. Examples are given for new insights on ship tracks in marine stratocumulus, pollution tracks from point and diffused sources in stratocumulus and cumulus clouds over land, deep tropical convection in pristine air mass over ocean and land, tropical clouds that develop in smoke from forest fires and in heavy pollution haze over densely populated regions in southeast Asia, and for pyro-cumulonimbus clouds. It is found that the VIIRS imager provides more robust physical interpretation and refined information for cloud and aerosol microphysics as compared to MODIS, especially in the initial stage of cloud formation. VIIRS is found to identify much more full-cloudy pixels when small boundary layer convective elements are present. This, in turn, allows a better quantification of cloud aerosol interactions and impacts on precipitation forming processes.
- Published
- 2013
89. Export Dynamics in Large Devaluations
- Author
-
Vivian Z. Yue, George Alessandria, and Sangeeta Pratap
- Subjects
Discounting ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Small open economy ,Economics ,Devaluation ,Balance of trade ,Monetary economics ,Emerging markets ,Relative price ,Productivity ,Interest rate ,media_common - Abstract
This paper studies export dynamics in emerging markets following large devaluations. We document two main features of exports that are puzzling for standard trade models. First, given the change in relative prices, exports tend to grow gradually following a devaluation. Second, high interest rates tend to suppress exports. To address these features of export dynamics, we embed a model of endogenous export participation due to sunk and per period export costs into an otherwise standard small open economy. In response to shocks to productivity, interest rates, and the discount factor, we find the model can capture the salient features of export dynamics documented. At the aggregate level, the features giving rise to sluggish export dynamics leading to more gradual net export dynamics, sharper contractions in output, and endogenous declines in labor productivity.
- Published
- 2013
90. Export Dynamics in Large Devaluations
- Author
-
George Alessandria, Sangeeta Pratap, and Vivian Z. Yue
- Subjects
History ,Exports ,Polymers and Plastics ,Export Dynamics, Devaluation, Net Exports ,Business and International Management ,jel:E31 ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,jel:F12 - Abstract
We study the source and consequences of sluggish export dynamics in emerging markets following large devaluations. We document two main features of exports that are puzzling for standard trade models. First, given the change in relative prices, exports tend to grow gradually following a devaluation. Second, countries with higher interest rates tend to have slower export growth. To address these features of export dynamics, we embed a model of endogenous export participation due to sunk and per period export costs into an otherwise standard small open economy. In response to shocks to productivity, the interest rate, and the discount factor, we find the model can capture the salient features of the documented export dynamics. At the aggregate level, the features giving rise to sluggish exports lead to more gradual net export reversals, sharper contractions and recoveries in output, and endogenous stagnation in labor productivity.
- Published
- 2013
91. Regulated, stable expression and nuclear presence of reovirus double-stranded RNA-binding protein sigma3 in HeLa cells
- Author
-
Z Yue and A J Shatkin
- Subjects
viruses ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Immunology ,RNA-binding protein ,Biology ,Reoviridae ,Microbiology ,Viral Proteins ,Double-stranded RNA binding ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,Amino Acid Sequence ,RNA, Double-Stranded ,Cell Nucleus ,fungi ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,RNA ,Molecular biology ,RNA silencing ,Cell nucleus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Capsid ,Cell culture ,Cytoplasm ,Insect Science ,Capsid Proteins ,HeLa Cells ,Research Article - Abstract
Reovirus genome segment S4 codes for polypeptide sigma3, a major outer capsid component of virions and a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding protein implicated in viral cytopathogenesis. We have constructed a stable HeLa cell line (S4tTA) that produces functional sigma3 under tetracycline transactivator control. In the absence of tetracycline, S4tTA cells synthesized stable dsRNA-binding sigma3 that accumulated in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm. However, in induced S4tTA cells also expressing reovirus outer shell polypeptide mu1/mu1C, migration of sigma3 into the nucleus was blocked, probably as a result of formation of a complex with mu1/mu1C which was exclusively in the cytoplasm. Mutant analyses indicated a correlation between dsRNA-binding activity and nuclear entry of sigma3, suggesting an additional role(s) for this capsid protein in virus-cell interactions.
- Published
- 1996
92. Mechanical properties and morphology of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer with pol(vinylidene fluoride) blends
- Author
-
K. S. Chian and M. Z. Yue
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Morphology (linguistics) ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Intermolecular force ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,Elastomer ,Miscibility ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thermoplastic polyurethane ,chemistry ,Mechanical strength ,Materials Chemistry ,Composite material ,Fluoride - Abstract
A study on blends of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is described. This investigation focused on the effects that PVDF has on the mechanical behaviors and morphological characteristics of the blends. Basic thermodynamic and structural considerations were applied to predict the blend miscibility. It was found that addition of PVDF disrupted the intermolecular chain interactions in TPU, resulting in lowering of mechanical properties in the blends. Our results showed that the 50/50 blend has the lowest mechanical strength. At higher levels of PVDF (>50%), the mechanical strength increased proportionally to PVDF. It was also found that both the breaking strain and the energy at break of these blends decreased with increased PVDF content. The lowering of the mechanical properties in the blends could be attributed to the formation of layered structures caused by the immiscibility of the polymers. It was concluded that TPU/PVDF blends were incompatible at all compositions.
- Published
- 1996
93. Constraints on the stratigraphic age of metasedimentary rocks from the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica: possible implications for Neoproterozoic tectonics
- Author
-
Z Yue
- Subjects
Geochemistry and Petrology ,Geology - Published
- 1995
94. A General Equilibrium Model of Sovereign Default and Business Cycles
- Author
-
Zhanwei Z. Yue and Enrique G. Mendoza
- Subjects
General equilibrium theory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sovereign default ,Working capital ,Monetary economics ,Business cycles ,Credit risk ,External debt ,Emerging markets ,Economic models ,Sovereign debt ,Sovereign default, country risk, imported inputs, intermediate goods, debt ratio ,Country risk ,Interest rate ,Business cycle ,Economics ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Default ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
Emerging markets business cycle models treat default risk as part of an exogenous interest rate on working capital, while sovereign default models treat income fluctuations as an exogenous endowment process with ad-noc default costs. We propose instead a general equilibrium model of both sovereign default and business cycles. In the model, some imported inputs require working capital financing; default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around default triggers an efficiency loss as these inputs are replaced by imperfect substitutes; and default on public and private obligations occurs simultaneously. The model explains several features of cyclical dynamics around deraults, countercyclical spreads, high debt ratios, and key business cycle moments.
- Published
- 2011
95. Fault-tolerant control of multi-phase permanent magnetic bearingless motors
- Author
-
Zhiquan Deng, X. L. Wang, Qing-Chang Zhong, and S. Z. Yue
- Subjects
Controllability ,Computer Science::Hardware Architecture ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Control theory ,Levitation ,Phase (waves) ,Torque ,Fault tolerance ,business ,Finite element method ,Induction motor ,Machine control - Abstract
The fault-tolerant control of multi-phase permanent-magnet bearingless motors (PMBM) is vital for their safe operation. In this paper, the mathematical model of current-controlled multi-phase PMBM with different open-circuit faulty phase(s) is analysed based on a uniform matrix. The fault-tolerant controllability of multi-phase PMBM is investigated in general and the feasibility of fault-tolerant control with arbitrary single, double or triple open-circuit faulty phase(s) for a six-phase PMBM is discussed in detail. Simulation results from finite-element analysis are presented to illustrate the levitation forces and torque under the proposed fault-tolerant control and experimental results are given to verify the proposed method.
- Published
- 2010
96. The n-terminal 5-MER peptide analogue P165 of amyloid precursor protein exerts protective effects on SH-SY5Y cells and rat hippocampus neuronal synapses
- Author
-
S. Sheng, Y. Cui, C. Su, Jinzhou Tian, J. Sun, Shucui Jiang, Z. Yue, and Pengwen Wang
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ,SH-SY5Y ,Cell Survival ,Blotting, Western ,Synaptophysin ,Hippocampus ,Streptozocin ,Synapse ,Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,Amyloid precursor protein ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Rats, Wistar ,Maze Learning ,Injections, Intraventricular ,Neurons ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,biology ,General Neuroscience ,P3 peptide ,Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ,Membrane Proteins ,Immunohistochemistry ,Peptide Fragments ,Cell biology ,Rats ,Insulin receptor ,Disease Models, Animal ,Endocrinology ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Synaptic plasticity ,Synapses ,biology.protein ,alpha-Synuclein ,Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein - Abstract
The disturbance of the insulin-signaling pathway plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease. Resistance to insulin signaling renders neurons energy-deficient and vulnerable to oxidization or other metabolic insults and impairs synaptic plasticity. In search of neuroprotective drugs, we synthesized a peptide analogue, P165, an active domain of the soluble amyloid precursor protein, which is resistant to degradation and is suitable for oral administration in a clinical setting. Initially, we confirmed that P165 can protect cells from streptozotocin-caused damage and stimulate cell outgrowth using cultured SH-SY5Y cell lines treated with streptozotocin. P165 significantly reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage from damaged cells, thereby rescuing cell energy production. Insulin signaling such as insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) proteins were upregulated to stimulate cell survival and growth. We proceeded to investigate the effect of P165 on streptozotocin-treated Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats. The data showed that P165 protected synaptic loss and dysfunction by increasing synaptophysin and PSD-95 (post synaptic density-95), while simultaneously decreasing α-synuclein expression. Moreover, animal behavior testing clearly showed that P165 increased rats' learning and memory activity. Overall, these results constitute evidence that peptide analogue 165 may protect synapse and improve learning and memory ability in AD.
- Published
- 2010
97. ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Sinomendine and Its Analogues
- Author
-
Demin Zhou, M.‐S. Cai, Lihe Zhang, J.‐Q. Cui, and B.‐Z. Yue
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Total synthesis ,Organic chemistry ,General Medicine - Published
- 2010
98. Features and mechanism of coseismic surface ruptures by Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008
- Author
-
Z Yue
- Published
- 2010
99. Wave Field Simulation and Data Acquisition Scheme Analysis for LWD Acoustic Tool in Very Slow Formation
- Author
-
G. Tao, W. Z. Yue, B. Wang, and Hua Wang
- Subjects
Dipole ,Acoustics ,Waveform ,Group velocity ,P-wave ,Time domain ,Phase velocity ,Interference (wave propagation) ,Dispersion (water waves) ,Geology ,Seismology - Abstract
We have examined multipole acoustic LWD tool responses in very slow velocity formation at different frequencies employing the real axis integration method. The semblance spectra in the time domain and the dispersion characteristics of array waveform have been analyzed. These analyses have demonstrated that in the measurements of the monopole LWD system for very slow velocity formations, P-wave energy is present in the form of a more dispersive leaky P mode. The P-wave velocity can actually be evaluated from the leaky P-wave velocity at lower source frequencies.There is no interference with the formation flexural wave by the collar wave at lower frequencies, due to the very low S-wave velocity. The dipole LWD system may be used to measure the P- and S- wave velocities simultaneously for very slow formations if the source frequency is set sufficiently low to excite the leaky P wave and flexural waves as large as possible. In such cases, dispersion analysis is an effective method to distinguish the dipole leaky P and collar waves.The cut-off frequency for the collar wave moves to lower frequencies with a decrease in S-wave velocity.
- Published
- 2010
100. Laboratory comparative tests for geomaterial strengths with drilling process monitoring technique
- Author
-
Z Yue, W Lu, and T Lau
- Published
- 2008
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