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Chlorination is a simple and effective molecular engineering strategy to downshift energy levels and increase band gap of polymer donors and thus can maximize the open-circuit voltage and light-har...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on the proliferation and apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by X-ray radiation-induced A549 cells bystander effect (RIBE), and to explore their mechanisms. In this study, APS increased the reduced cell proliferation rate induced by RIBE and inhibiting the apoptosis of bystander cells. In terms of mechanism, APS up-regulates the proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and down-regulates the proteins Bax and Bak, which induces a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which induces the release of Cyt-c and AIF, which leads to caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathway to cause apoptosis. In addition, we believe that ROS may be the main cause of these protein changes. APS can inhibit the generation of ROS in bystander cells and thus inhibit the activation of the mitochondrial pathway, further preventing cellular damage caused by RIBE.

In this article, a wideband $2\times 2$ filtering antenna array is proposed and studied for fixed beam applications. The device is composed of a patch antenna array, and a slotline-based four-way filtering power divider has served as the feeding network. The integration of the antenna and the feeding parts is not a simple combination but a cosynthesis, where the characters of the two parts are both involved during the integration. First, the presented network is analyzed through an equivalent-circuit study to verify the frequency selectivity. Subsequently, integration synthesis of the network and the patch array is carried out to realize the filtering antenna array. For demonstration purposes, a filtering antenna array centered at 3 GHz is developed and fabricated. The measured absolute impedance bandwidth is 1.13 GHz, corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 37.1%, and out-of-band rejection of up to 9.5 GHz is achieved. Compared with the array fed by a traditionally T-junction-based power divider, the absolute impedance bandwidth of the filtering array is significantly increased by 47%. The in-band gain of the proposed array is higher than 9.7 dBi, which is over 12.1 dBi from 2.75 to 3.25 GHz. The results denote that compared with the previously reported literature, the proposed filtering antenna array features sharp cutoff response, wide impedance bandwidth, high gain, and low cross-polarization level, with the harmonic suppression of up to three times the center frequency.

BACKGROUND Dental focal infection-induced ventricular and spinal canal empyema is an extremely rare, severe, acute disease that is clinically associated with extremely high morbidity and mortality. Traditional cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bacterial culture is time-consuming, with a low positive rate, which frequently results in severe irreversible consequences. The next-generation sequencing technique is an emerging pathogenic microorganism detection method that can obtain results in a short time with high accuracy, thus providing great assistance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. CASE SUMMARY This paper reports a rare case of dental focal infection-induced ventricular and spinal canal empyema. During the course of treatment at a local hospital, the patient had negative results from repeated CSF bacterial cultures and was empirically given vancomycin treatment. After transfer to our hospital, the next-generation sequencing technique was adopted to determine that the pathogenic microorganisms were multiple anaerobic infectious bacteria derived from the oral cavity. The antibiotic therapeutic scheme was adjusted in a timely manner, and the ventricular and spinal canal inflammation was also controlled. However, the antibiotics that had been applied at the local hospital were not able to cover all pathogenic microorganisms, which resulted in irreversible injury to the brain stem, finally leading to patient death. CONCLUSION Dental focal infection-induced ventricular and spinal canal empyema is an extremely rare, severe, acute disease with high morbidity and mortality. Any delay in diagnosis and treatment will result in irreversible consequences. The early application of the next-generation sequencing technique can obtain results in a short time and clarify a diagnosis. Appropriate antibiotic treatment combined with suitable surgical intervention is the key to managing this disease.

Background The gold standard treatment for cholecystolithiasis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, the complications of cholecystectomy have led to adoption of gallbladder-preserving surgery. The study was to investigate significance of transparent cap-assisted choledochoscopy in gallbladder-preserving surgery. Materials and methods This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent gallbladder-preserving surgery by laparoscopic choledochoscopy along with choledochoscopy with or without a transparent cap from January 2018 to September 2018 in our hospital. The differences in the duration of gallbladder exploration, surgical complications, adverse events, and the recurrence of stones within 6 months after surgery were compared between 2 groups. Results Fifty patients underwent laparoscopic choledochoscopy along with choledochoscopy without transparent cap (Group A), while 50 patients underwent laparoscopic along with transparent cap-assisted choledochoscopy (Group B). Gallbladder exploration time was 27.96±12.24 minutes in Group A, and 12.04±6.01 minutes in Group B. One case had stone recurrence within 6 months in Group B, while 8 cases had stone recurrence in group A. Conclusions Comparing with laparoscope combined with choledochoscopy, transparent cap-assisted choledochoscopy has advantages in gallbladder-preserving surgery.

A decoupling method using wavetrap technique for large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays consisting of 45° polarized patch antennas is presented and studied in this article. To achieve high isolation responses among the array elements, simple wavetrap structures are proposed and positioned around every single patch element. With the presented decoupling scheme, the strong mutual coupling between both adjacent and nonadjacent patch elements is suppressed to a low level. Theoretical and numerical studies are carried out to verify the decoupling performance of the proposed architecture. For demonstration purposes, two practical examples of $1 \times 8$ and $4 \times 2\,\,45^{\circ }$ polarized arrays centered at 4.9 GHz are developed, fabricated, and measured. The results indicate that all mutual couplings among the arrays are significantly suppressed to almost less than −25 dB from 4.8 to 5.0 GHz, with a small insertion loss of around 0.7 dB, making the proposed decoupling scheme attractive and valuable for phased array and massive MIMO systems.

A multi-band and wide beam-width magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is proposed in this report. The proposed antenna has a simple structure, which consists of four $\Gamma $ -shaped electric plates which can change the current distribution and realize four operating frequency bands. To explain the characteristics of the proposed antenna, some key parameters are analyzed in detail. The multi-band antenna can realize the operating frequency bands (the reflection coefficient ≤ -10 dB) from 1.86 to 1.92 GHz (3.2%) in the first frequency band, from 2.30 to 2.65 GHz (14.2%) in the second frequency band, from 3.40 to 3.80 GHz (11.1%) in the third frequency band, and from 5.30 to 6.92 GHz (26.5%) in the fourth frequency band, respectively. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones by fabricating and measuring the proposed antenna. It is a good method to realize the performances of the quad-band and wide beam-width with a simple structure.

Background Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is an uncommon emergency in neurosurgery, and transorbital PBI is a rare type of PBI. Reasonable surgical planning and careful postoperative management can improve the prognosis of patients. Case summary The first case is a 68-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital because a branch punctured his brain through the orbit for approximately 9 h after he unexpectedly fell while walking. After admission, the patient underwent emergency surgical treatment and postoperative anti-infection treatment. The patient was able to follow instructions at a 4-mo follow-up review. The other case is a 46-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital due to an intraorbital foreign body caused by a car accident, after which the patient was unconscious for approximately 6 h. After admission, the patient underwent emergency surgical treatment and postoperative anti-infection treatment. The patient could correctly answer questions at a 3-mo follow-up review. Conclusion Transorbital PBI is a rare and acute disease. Early diagnosis, surgical intervention, and application of intravenous antibiotics can improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients.

The tumor microenvironment is essential for the formation and development of tumors. Cytokines in the microenvironment may affect the growth, metastasis and prognosis of tumors, and play different roles in different stages of tumors, of which transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are critical. The two have synergistic and antagonistic effect on tumor regulation. The inhibition of TGF-β can promote the formation rate of tumor, while TGF-β can promote the malignancy of tumor. TNF-α was initially determined to be a natural immune serum mediator that can induce tumor hemorrhagic necrosis, it has a wide range of biological activities and can be used clinically as a target to immune diseases as well as tumors. However, there are few reports on the interaction between the two in the tumor microenvironment. This paper combs the biological effect of the two in different aspects of different tumors. We summarized the changes and clinical medication rules of the two in different tissue cells, hoping to provide a new idea for the clinical application of the two cytokines.

Facing the demand for decoupling and filtering for large-scale antenna arrays in modern communication systems, a transmission-line-based scheme is proposed and studied in this article. Different from other decoupling networks published recently featuring narrow decoupling bandwidths and high spurious levels, the proposed approach uses simple T-shaped networks where decoupling and filtering responses are realized simultaneously, leading to high-frequency selectivity and improved decoupling bandwidth. The proposed design is a simple 1-D configuration but powerful for 2-D arrays. Based on the study case of a $4\times {4}$ dual-polarized patch array, theoretical analysis and full-wave simulation are carried out to verify the performance in decoupling and frequency selectivity of this method. A prototype is further fabricated, assembled, and measured to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method in practice. The measured and simulated results are consistent with each other where a low insertion loss of around 0.6 dB is observed. The results denote that the proposed method is easily realized with a very small effect on the radiation performance of antenna elements, making it to be a potential and valuable decoupling and filtering solution for large-scale arrays.

In this article, a high-isolation dual-polarized leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with a fixed beam is proposed for full-duplex millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The proposed antenna consists of a dual-polarized LWA array and an orthogonally differential feeding network. The proposed dual-polarized LWA array is developed based on the proposed LWA unit cell, which is suitable for differential feed, and the open stopband is eliminated. The proposed feeding network provides two pairs of orthogonally differential excitation for the LWA array to realize the fixed beam with orthogonal polarization in boresight direction; the high interport isolation is implemented as well. The prototype for demonstration purposes is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the proposed antenna exhibits an operating band from 27.6 to 29.5 GHz with a maximum gain of up to 24 dBi. Furthermore, the measured interport isolation is higher than 51 dB within the operating band, where the maximum isolation is up to 60 dB. The measured cross-polarization levels are also very low, less than -27 dB. The proposed antenna features high gain, high interport isolation, and good co-/cross-polarization isolation, achieving a good Tx/Rx separation for the in-band full-duplex applications at mm-wave frequencies.

In this article, a novel decoupling approach is proposed for large-scale patch antenna arrays. With the additional coupling path from the feeding line of an element to its adjacent element through a small aperture, the mutual coupling between the two elements can be well canceled. Completely different from the traditional transmission-line-based decoupling methods, the proposed approach does not employ direct transmission/coupling bridges between the feeding lines of the elements. Besides, there is no additional impedance matching network, resulting in a simple design procedure. For verification purposes, a decoupled dual-polarized 1 $\times $ 8 linear antenna array is developed and tested. Results denote that both the $E$ - and the $H$ -plane coupling are suppressed to less than −30 dB at the center frequency of 4.9 GHz. To further improve the decoupling bandwidth, a magnitude-compensation technique using a dual-aperture configuration is developed. A design example of a 4 $\times $ 4 single-polarized patch antenna array integrated with the decoupling method is measured. The results depict that the array is well-decoupled within the band from 4.7 to 5.04 GHz, with an isolation level of over 24.7 dB. The proposed decoupling approach features simple implementation and low profile, with almost no influence on element radiation performance, and can be utilized for 2-D large-scale arrays.

Background Mobile phone addiction has become a social problem that affects the healthy growth of adolescents, and it may be correlated with coping style. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobile phone addiction and coping style and the influencing factors for adolescents. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted by searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG DATA and Chongqing VIP Information Co., Ltd. (VIP), PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO. Stata 16.0 was used to analyse the overall effect and test the moderating effect. Results Thirty-three studies were included, involving a total of 20,349 subjects. There was no significant correlation between adolescents’ mobile phone addiction and positive coping style (r = − 0.02, 95% CI = − 0.06 to 0.02, P > 0.05), but there was a moderate positive correlation between adolescents’ mobile phone addiction and negative coping style (r = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.26 to 0.36, P Conclusions There was a close relationship between mobile phone addiction and coping style among adolescents. In the future, longitudinal research should be carried out to better investigate the dynamic changes in the relationship between mobile phone addiction and coping style.

Temperature-driven baseline is highly responsive to anomalous structural behavior of long-span bridges, which means that the discrepancy between the measured and forecasting temperature-induced strain (TIS) can be examined for anomalies. In this regard, it is important to guarantee the accuracy of the forecasting TIS responses for reliable assessment of structural performance. Bayesian dynamic linear model (BDLM) has shown a promising application in the field of structural health monitoring. Traditionally, BDLM is used to forecast structural responses by utilizing its trend form, seasonal form, regression form, or combination of the three forms. However, different features of time series cannot be totally captured by these forms, which would undermine the accuracy of BDLM. To improve the computational accuracy, an improved BDLM, which considers an autoregressive (AR) component in addition to the trend, seasonal and regression components, is presented in this paper. Specifically, the AR component is able to model the component which cannot be captured by other three components. The real-time monitoring data collected from a long-span cable-stayed bridge is utilized to demonstrate the feasibility of the improved BDLM-based method. In particular, the present BDLM-based method allows for probabilistic forecasts, offering substantial information about the target TIS response, such as mean and confidence interval. Results show that the improved BDLM is capable of capturing the relationship between temperature and TIS. Compared to the AR model, multiple linear regression (MLR) model and BDLM without the AR component, the improved BDLM shows better forecasting performance in modeling and forecasting the TIS of a long-span bridge.

Xanthohumol (XN) exerts a specific cytotoxicity in B16-F10 melanoma cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles formation. Further investigation showed XN inhibited cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner along with down-regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker Bip, CHOP and protein ubiquitination, which was relieved by the ER-stress inhibitor 4-PBA. Whereas no early apoptosis characteristics was identified during XN induced cell death. [Formula: see text].

Endogenous electric fields (EFs) direct the migration (electrotaxis) of keratinocytes in skin wounds, and the exogenous application of EFs may therefore improve wound healing, but the potential benefits are limited by the side effects of constant direct current (DC) passing through tissues. In contrast, with pulsed DC (characterized by intermittent output), parameters can be adjusted to minimize the adverse effects of electric currents. However, it remains unknown whether pulsed DC can reliably induce keratinocyte electrotaxis. In this study, using primary keratinocytes in an electrotaxis chamber, we found that a pulsed DCEF at physiological strength (EF = 150 mV/mm, duty cycle = 60%, frequency = 0.1 Hz) could induce robust electrotaxis. This effect was dependent on both voltage and duty cycle, but not on frequency. As predicted, fewer electrochemical reactions and cytotoxic reactions were detected with pulsed DCEF than with constant DCEF. In summary, we here demonstrate for the first time, that pulsed DCEF can trigger keratinocyte electrotaxis comparable to that induced by constant DCEF, while minimizing the electrochemical side effects. These findings support the future development of a pulsed DCEF device to improve wound healing in human patients.

The deltaic and lacustrine sediments, respectively in the syn- and post- rift stages, are recorded during the Cretaceous at the Wulan-Hua Sag, Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia. In this study, the Mesozoic depositional system and sequence stratigraphic framework are recognized in the Wulan-Hua sag using core, well-log and seismic data. Five sedimentary facies have been identified including fan-delta, braided delta, shallow-lacustrine, deep-lacustrine, and sublacustrine-fan during Cretaceous at the Wulan-Hua Sag. One first-order sequence (MSQ1), three second-order sequences (SSQ1, SSQ2, and SSQ3), and five third-order sequences (SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4, and SQ5) are classified by subaerial unconformities along the basin margins and correlative conformities in the central part of the basin. During the depositional period of SQ1, SQ2, and SQ3, the depocenter controlled by lake-level fluctuations migrated from southern to northern part companying with multiple- to single-provenance supplies. The characteristics of sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy in the Wulan-Hua sag are commonly controlled by faults, provenance and depocenters. The development of the third-order sequences is dominated by tectonism and sediment supplies, as well as lake-level changes driven by climate. The favorable targets for hydrocarbon located in the lowstand system tract of SQ1, SQ2 and SQ3 at the southern parts of the Wulan-Hua Sag.

A uniform circular array with dual orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is proposed for in-band full-duplex applications. The proposed scheme includes two concentric ring subarrays for transmitting and receiving, respectively, where all elements are operated under the same linear polarization. To suppress the self-interference resulting from the mutual coupling, an OAM mode-selection method related to the proposed configuration is discussed. Results indicate that good isolation performance between the transmitter and receiver can be achieved by using the proposed scheme. To validate the performance, a demonstrator with OAM modes of −1 and −2 at Ku-band is developed, fabricated, and measured. Measurements show a relative bandwidth of 21.3% from 13.5 to 16.7 GHz, referring to a 40 dB suppression level, is achieved and the desired radiations are found.

This letter presents a simple and compact dual-polarized linear antenna array characterizing high interport isolation for in-band full-duplex communications. By using the symmetrically shared-interface configuration integrated with a 180° hybrid, the self-interference resulting from the impedance mismatching between the antenna and feeding network and the coupling among the antenna elements can be well suppressed theoretically. Furthermore, to achieve the high isolation in practice among a wide frequency band, a slotline-based 180° hybrid is proposed and studied, which features a high isolation between the sum and differential ports. For further verification, a demonstrator of a 1 × 4 array centered at 5.0 GHz is developed and fabricated. The measurements denote that the shared -10 dB impedance bandwidth of the two ports is from 4.75 to 5.18 GHz, and the interport 50 dB isolation bandwidth is from 4.55 to 5.66 GHz (over 21.7%).

An effective organocatalytic asymmetric cascade reaction of o-hydroxy aromatic aldimines and β,γ-unsaturated-α-ketoesters was developed. Intramolecular hydrogen-bonding activation promoted the generation of fused ring frameworks which bear four contiguous stereocenters including one quaternary stereocenter in one-pot operation with excellent yields and stereoselectivities.

Although Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been shown to have various pharmacological effects, there have been no studies concerning the inhibitory effects of APS on the radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE). The aim of this study was to investigate whether APS could suppress RIBE damage by inhibiting cell growth, micronucleus (MN) formation and 53BP1 foci number increased in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), named bystander cells, as well as to explore its mechanism. In this study, APS decreased proliferation and colony rate of bystander cells by inducing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase via extrinsic and intrinsic DNA damage. Regarding mechanism, APS inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway by down-regulating the expression of the key proteins, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) but not phosphorylated P38 (p-P38), and down-regulating their downstream function protein and molecule, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, in bystander cells, APS inhibits expression of transforming growth factor [Formula: see text] receptor II (TGF-[Formula: see text]R II), a cell membrane receptor, resulting in lower ROS production and secretion via TGF-[Formula: see text]R-JNK/ERK-COX-2/ROS not P38 signaling. They gave a hint that the decreased RIBE damage induced by APS treatment involved TGF-[Formula: see text]R-JNK/ERK-COX-2/ROS down-regulation.

Fire-loaded cementitious material such as concrete experiences a rapid and dramatic pore pressure buildup, resulting in potential explosive spalling—sudden loss of the heated section—which can jeopardize the structure. Pore pressure buildup processes in heated concrete are closely related to the relative permeabilities of concrete to gas and liquid denoted by $k^{rg}$ and $k^{rl}$, respectively. While $k^{rg}$ has been widely investigated experimentally, $k^{rl}$ is conventionally determined by semi-analytical meth-ods such as Mualem's model, the reliability of which has been questioned by indirect experimentation but is not fully understood. In this work, we discuss the potential overestimation of $k^{rl}$ by conventional model in consideration of the achievements of previous research. Then, by using different models, the influences of $k^{rl}$ on the pore pressure $p^g$ are shown and compared through numerical simulations with a well established thermo-hydro-chemical (THC) multifield framework, revealing that the conventional model provides smaller values of $p^g$ than other models. Finally, through a comparison with water con-tent results obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests in publications [ 1 ], we prove that some other models produce results that are more agreeable than those of the conventional model, which cannot reproduce the steep increase in the moisture content with depth observed experimentally.

This paper presents the analyses of circularly polarized orbital angular momentum (OAM) ring arrays using sequentially rotated configurations. For the studied OAM-based microstrip antenna arrays, the relationship between the excitation settings and the generated OAM modes are studied together with the axial ratio (AR) bandwidths at the beam maximums. Furthermore, a dual-OAM-mode circularly polarized array is proposed for full-duplex applications. Based on the presented OAM-mode selection method, the self-interference due to the strong mutual coupling within the array can be well canceled, leading to a high interport isolation. A demonstrator centered at 15 GHz with OAM modes of +1 and +2 is developed and fabricated for verification purposes. The demonstrator uses a sharing antenna scheme for the two OAM modes to realize a compact architecture. Measured results indicate that the demonstrator characterizes good interport isolation within a wide bandwidth from 13.92 to 16.38 GHz referring to a 45 dB level as well as wide AR bandwidths at the beam maximums.

This article presents a decoupling and impedance matching network with harmonic suppression for two-element antenna arrays, including a resistor-loaded decoupling part and a slotline-based impedance matching and harmonic suppression part. By integrating with the proposed network, the mutual coupling between the elements at the center frequency can be well suppressed. Moreover, the second-order harmonic is also suppressed to a low level. For verification purposes, a 2×2 dual-polarized antenna array centered at 3.5 GHz is employed and integrated with the proposed networks. A 3-D model is constructed and full-wave simulations are carried out. The results denote that the strongest in-band mutual coupling is suppressed from -16.6 dB to less than -25 dB, and a good out-of-band rejection level up to 10 GHz is obtained.

The long-span bridge, characterized by slenderness and flexibility, is particularly sensitive to wind action. Extreme wind events, including typhoons and hurricanes, will threaten the safet...

At present, convolutional neural network has achieved good results in text emotional classification, but in several common models, it does not make use of a large number of prior knowledge that human society has now acquired. This paper proposes a new CNN model based on emotional dictionary: emotional knowledge-CNN (EK-CNN), which uses emotional dictionary as additional knowledge to improve the performance of the model in emotional classification. The model has been validated on three real data sets, and is superior to the existing technology model for text emotion classification.

A technique of decoupling dielectric stubs (DDS) is proposed for mutual coupling reduction of wideband, dual-polarized, and large-scale antenna arrays in this paper, where a low dielectric constant DDS is mounting on a dual-polarized and wideband antenna array seamlessly. The decoupling mechanism of the proposed DDS is qualitatively explained. By properly optimizing the dielectric constant and dimensions of the dielectric stubs, the DDS can reduce the mutual couplings between array elements efficiently. The dielectric stubs are considered as perturbations to slightly localize the electromagnetic fields emitted from the antenna element to lower the space wave coupling. The advantages of the proposed decoupling technique are wideband, low cost, high efficiency, and suitable for large-scale antenna arrays. For demonstration, 4 × 4 dual-polarized and wideband antenna arrays with and without the DDS are simulated, measured, and compared. The simulated results show that the antenna array with the DDS can achieve all port-to-port isolations over 25 dB from 4.4 to 5.0 GHz for all the coupling paths, which are 7 dB higher than the counterparts without the DDS. Moreover, the total efficiencies of the antenna elements with the proposed DDS are also improved. The measured results agree well with the simulated, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method of DDS for decoupling of large-scale antenna arrays.

Indigo-containing plant tissues change blue after a freezing treatment, which is accompanied by changes in indigo and its related compounds.In this study, we surveyed the dynamic change ofThe non-targeted metabolomics and targeted metabolomics results revealed a total of 98 different metabolites, the contents of indole, indican, indigo, and indirubin were significantly different after the change to blue from the freezing treatment. A transcriptome analysis screened ten different genes related to indigo upstream biosynthesis, including three anthranilate synthase genes, two phosphoribosyl-anthranilate isomerase genes, one indole-3-glycerolphosphate synthase gene, five tryptophan synthase genes. In addition, we further candidate 37 cytochrome P450 enzyme genes, one uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase gene, and 24

Oxidative stress is currently considered to be the main cause of brain aging. Astaxanthin can improve oxidative stress under multiple pathological conditions. It is therefore hypothesized that astaxanthin might have therapeutic effects on brain aging. To validate this hypothesis and investigate the underlying mechanisms, a mouse model of brain aging was established by injecting amyloid beta (Aβ)25–35 (5 μM, 3 μL/injection, six injections given every other day) into the right lateral ventricle. After 3 days of Aβ25–35 injections, the mouse models were intragastrically administered astaxanthin (0.1 mL/d, 10 mg/kg) for 30 successive days. Astaxanthin greatly reduced the latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze, increased the number of crossings of the target platform, and increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, synaptophysin, sirtuin 1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α. Intraperitoneal injection of the sirtuin 1 inhibitor nicotinamide (500 μM/d) for 7 successive days after astaxanthin intervention inhibited these phenomena. These findings suggest that astaxanthin can regulate the expression of synaptic proteins in mouse hippocampus through the sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α signaling pathway, which leads to improvements in the learning, cognitive, and memory abilities of mice. The study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee, China Medical University, China (approval No. CMU2019294) on January 15, 2019.

To suppress the undesired signals at the front-ends of wireless systems, a co-design of a simple filtering antenna highly integrated with a slotline-based network is presented and studied in this letter. The proposed antenna integrated with the low-pass filter, the bandpass response is achieved and impedance bandwidth is also enlarged due to the additional reflection pole contributed by the high integration, which has been evaluated and verified through numerical calculations and full-wave simulations. A design example of the filtering antenna working at 3.5 GHz is developed and fabricated for demonstration purposes. Measured results indicate that good filtering responses with a low insertion loss are achieved. Compared to the original patch antenna, the fractional impedance bandwidth of the proposed one is significantly enhanced, from 6.63% to 13.7%. Besides, harmonics of up to 15.5 GHz are well suppressed. The proposed scheme is simple and compact, exhibiting attractive performance for bandwidth enhancement, and spurious suppression applications.

The cultivation of academic self-efficacy helps to improve students' ability to set and achieve academic goals, and has become a hot topic in the field of education. From the perspective of the second classroom, this study investigated 460 college students from 22 Beijing universities and used regression analysis to analyze the relationship between professional associations and academic self-efficacy. The results show that: (1) There is a significant positive correlation between the participation of professional associations and the academic self-efficacy. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between students' participation in professional-related competitions, guidance of teacher allocation and economic incentives and academic self-efficacy.

In recent years, it has been demonstrated that some susceptible gene loci of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not only associated with the susceptibility risk of T2DM, but also the modifying effects of lifestyle interventions. To further explore the modifying effects of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on the onset of T2DM and the reduction of blood glucose in response to lifestyle interventions among the high-risk population, we performed a lifestyle intervention study in two Deqing rural communities during the period from June to December in 2017. The intensive lifestyle interventions were conducted among the study subjects of the intervention group while those in the control group only received conventional and general health education. All participants were genotyped by the MassARRY system. This study showed that for SNP rs9502570, fasting blood glucose showed a significantly greater reduction for individuals with CC + CT genotype than those with TT genotype (近年来的研究发现,一些2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)易感基因位点不仅与T2DM的发病风险有关,还会影响生活方式干预效果。为进一步探究T2DM易感基因单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)位点对生活方式干预降低高危人群血糖应答效果的修饰作用,本课题组在德清农村社区开展了生活方式干预试验(2017年6月~12月,对干预组的研究对象进行强化生活方式干预,对照组仅接受常规健康知识宣教),并对研究对象进行SNP基因分型。研究发现,对于rs9502570,干预组中的CC+CT基因型人群的空腹血糖降低值显著高于TT基因型(

In this work, a simple wavetrap-based decoupling method is proposed to suppress the mutual coupling among the antenna elements in a single antenna array. The proposed wavetrap structure consists of a transmission line and a resistor which are in series. By placing two wavetraps between two patch antennas, the isolation between the two corresponding ports can be significantly improved over a wide frequency band. Theoretical analyses and full-wave simulations are carried out to verify the decoupling performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed approach features well-designed decoupling characteristics, and can be widely used for large-scale arrays.

In this communication, an $8 \times 8$ dual-polarized traveling-wave antenna array is proposed and studied for in-band full-duplex applications. The proposed array consists of single-layer dual-polarized patch antennas with a simple feeding network. Despite the strong coupling among antenna elements, good suppression for the self-interference can be achieved by using differential feedings. To validate the study, an on-board prototype is developed, fabricated, and measured. The results show that good impedance matching responses are found, and high isolation of over 50 dB between the dual-polarized outputs is realized from less than 13.0 to 15.7 GHz. Meanwhile, small sidelobes and low cross-polarization levels with low insertion loss are observed, showing well-designed radiation responses.

Multi-pass amplifier technology has become the main development direction of high power solid-state laser devices. It is necessary to adjust and maintain the laser optical path，establish a mathematical model and adjustment scheme for optical path collimation，and set up six-pass amplification using matrix optics method. The mathematical model of the automatic collimation system is used to obtain the analytical expressions of the far and near-field laser spot offset and adjustment. The feasibility of the optical path principle and adjustment method of the auto-collimation system is verified.

Natural indigo, as one of the oldest dyes, is also a pivotal dye utilized in cotton fabrics today. A diversity of plants rich in indigo compounds belong to traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Indigo compounds have a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, including anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and anticancer activities. A substantial progress in indigo biosynthesis has been made lately. This paper summarizes the value of indigo from the aspects of cultural history, biosynthetic pathways and the medicinal activities of its related derivatives involved in the pathways. In addition, the latest research advancements in indigo biosynthetic pathways is demonstrated in this paper, which would lay the theoretical foundation for the exploration and utilization of natural indigo.

Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways dominated by a Th2-type pattern. Recently, an emerging interest arises whether transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) plays a potential role in the adaptive immune response. In this study, the role of TRPA1 in the development and exacerbation of asthma was explored. The classic OVA-induced asthma and OVA plus PM2.5-induced exacerbated asthma model were used. The CD4+ T cells were sorted from spleen in asthmatic and exacerbated asthmatic mice. In the BALB/c mice treated with OVA, the increased phenotype of asthma was obtained, accompanied by the high expression of TRPA1 in lung tissue and levels of IL-4, IL-13, NGF, PGD2 in BAL. In contrast, genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of TRPA1 alleviated the phenotype of asthma. Similarly, in wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice treated with OVA, the high expression of TRPA1 in lung tissues was obtained, and the levels of IL-4, IL-13, NGF, PGD2 in BAL remarkably increased when compared with those in the TRPA1 deleted mice. Furthermore, high expression of TRPA1 was detected in CD4+ T cells of OVA-treated WT C57BL/6 mice. Additional detection in the asthmatic mice exacerbated by OVA plus PM2.5 also showed high TRPA1 expression in lung tissue and CD4+ T cells. All evidence confirmed that TRPA1 is essential for the development and exacerbation of asthma. More importantly, the expression of TRPA1 in CD4+ T cells of different asthmatic mice suggested that it might be involved in neuro-immune interactions in airway inflammation of asthmatic mice.

A mini-infrared moxibustion instrument was developed on the base of carbon fiber heating film. This new type moxibustion instrument integrated the moxibusiton technique of TCM with modern technology. It is composed of a power module, an infrared generator module, a temperature sensor, a display screen and a main control panel. The carbon fiber is adopted as the material for infrared generator, which produces infrared rays in the range of the life light wave (from 8 to 15 μm), characterized as precise control of temperature, small gradient and wide range of temperature adjustment. The users can adjust the temperature and time of moxibustion by themselves. The instrument is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry and charge as well as comfortable and safe in application. It can be fixed directly at the required region without the posture restriction and be used whenever needed. Using PowerLab multichannel physiological recorder, the temperature carve is detected at different setting temperatures. The results show that the temperature is increased rapidly and stable.

The gut microbiota is important in metabolism and immune modulation, and compositional disruption of the gut microbiota population is closely associated with inflammation caused by ionizing radiation (IR). Guiqi Baizhu decoction (GQBZD) is a medicinal compound used in traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and antioxidation effects, especially in the process of radiotherapy. However, the effect of GQBZD on reducing the damage to the normal immune system in radiotherapy remains unclear. Here, we show that GQBZD reduces body weights, water intake, food intake, diarrhea level and quality of life score, and inflammation and enhances immunity function in rats treated with X-ray radiation. Meanwhile, our data indicate that GQBZD not only reverses IR-induced gut dysbiosis as indicated change of α-diversity and β-diversity of microbiota, the composition of Desulfovibrio, Bacteroides, and Parabacteroides, except for Roseburia and Lachnoclostridium, but also maintains intestinal barrier integrity and promoting the formation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). GQBZD can also reduce the level of phosphorylation P65 (p-P65). Our results demonstrate that GQBZD can significantly alleviate the inflammatory responses and improve the immune damage against IR, and may be used as prebiotic agents to prevent gut dysbiosis and radiation-related metabolic disorders in radiotherapy.

Objective To explore the attenuation effect of Guiqi Baizhu prescripion on kidney injury induced by cisplatin in mice. Methods Fifty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 each): blank group, model group, and low, medium, and high dose of Guiqi Baizhu prescripion group. Mice in the 4 latter groups were intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin (2.0mg/kg, 0.2ml) once every 7d for 4 times. Mice in the 3 latter groups were gavaged with Guiqi Baizhu prescripion (0.4ml) at 17:00 every day, and in blank group and model group were gavaged with equivalent normal saline at 17:00 every day. The weight of mice was detected every 2 days, and the appetite was detected every 4 days. Blood routine and renal function tests were performed 48 hours after the last cisplatin injection, and the kidney tissues of all the mice were stripped, the general morphological changes of kidney were observed, the kidney index was calculated, and the renal pathological changes and the expression of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (caspase 3) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 9 (caspase 9) in kidney tissue were also detected. Results The body weight and appetite of control group were maintained in a higher average level, while the body weight of model group showed cyclical decrease and recovery, and the appetite presented significant reduction. After administration of Guiqi Baizhu prescription, the reduction of body weight and appetite got some mitigation. As to the general morphology of the kidney, those in blank group were with deep color and rich blood, and in model group with apparently lighter colour, smaller volume, and significantly decreased kidney index. After administration of Guiqi Baizhu prescription, the kidney volume increased, color deepened, and kidney index increased compared with that in model group, and these changes were more obvious in medium and high dose group with significant difference compared to that in model group (P

An in-band full-duplex scheme is proposed for simultaneous power transfer and data delivery in far-field wireless sensor systems. To realize two independent links for power and data delivery, a high isolation level between the local transmitter and receiver of the in-band full-duplex system is critical. An RF front-end architecture, here standing for a dual-polarized antenna array with its feeding network, is presented and detailed in this paper. By using the proposed architecture, self-interference can be well canceled within a wide frequency band, leading to a high inter-port isolation level. To demonstrate the performance of such a front-end structure, an on-board prototype has been developed and examined experimentally. Measured results show that the impedance bandwidth of the developed antenna is from 4.5 to 5.8 GHz. The achieved inter-port isolation is higher than 65 dB from 4.4 to over 6.0 GHz, and over 71 dB from 5.36 to 5.82 GHz, indicating a very high self-interference suppression level. Furthermore, RF power and video transferring experiments are carried out, and good consistency with calculated results is observed.