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A new pixel design and driving method for active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) displays that use low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) with a voltage programming method are proposed and verified using the SPICE simulator. We had employed an appropriate TFT model in SPICE simulation to demonstrate the performance of the pixel circuit. The OLED anode voltage variation error rates are below 0.35% under driving TFT threshold voltage deviation (Δ Vth =± 0.33V). The OLED current non-uniformity caused by the OLED threshold voltage degradation (Δ VTO =+0.33V) is significantly reduced (below 6%). The simulation results show that the pixel design can improve the display image non-uniformity by compensating for the threshold voltage deviation in the driving TFT and the OLED threshold voltage degradation at the same time.

Nowadays oil has become an important energy source with both political and economic attributes. Frequent fluctuation of oil demand and price in the international market confronts enterprises with many uncertainties in refined oil inventory management. In order to prevent the risk of oil price decline brought up by those uncertainties, this article analyzed the inventory methods of different refined oil, chose hedging as the method to manage price decline risks of oil inventory, compared the different optimal hedge ratio models, and made empirical analysis to gasoline hedging.

Everlasting cellular proliferation is the fundamental feature during gliomagenesis and Ki-67 is one of the classical proliferation markers in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, the driver genes or core pathways for cellular proliferation in GBM have not been elucidated systematically.We evaluated by immunohistochemistry the prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in the clinical outcome of 156 Chinese patients with GBM and a total of 64 GBM samples were selected for further Agilent genome-wide microarray analysis. On the basis of the microarray data from Tiantan (n = 64) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 202) database, differentially expressed genes between the GBM subgroups with high or low level of Ki-67 expression were identified using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM). Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG Pathway analyses were then undertaken for the Ki-67 associated genes to identify the most significant biological processes and signaling pathways.We confirmed that Ki-67 was an independent prognostic indicator in the largest Chinese patient cohort of 156 GBM samples via immunohistochemical staining. Survival analysis of Ki-67 over-expression revealed a highly significant association with a worse clinical outcome (P = 0.010 for progression-free survival; P = 0.007 for overall survival). Comparative and integrated analysis between Tiantan and TCGA database identified a 247-gene "proliferation signature" (205 up-regulated and 42 down-regulated genes) that distinguished Ki-67 expression phenotypes. GO and KEGG Pathway analyses further indicated that Ki-67 expression phenotype was associated with distinct changes in gene expression associated with the regulation of cellular growth and proliferation.Proliferation marker Ki-67 is an independent prognostic indicator in Chinese GBM patients. And Ki-67 associated proliferation signature identified through genome-wide microarray analysis may provide potential targets for anti-proliferation therapy in GBM.

Smoke detection is very important for preventing forest-fire in the fire early process. Because the traditional technologies based on video and image processing are easily affected by the background dynamic information, three limitations exist in these technologies, i. e. lower anti-interference ability, higher false detection rate and the fire smoke and water fog being not easily distinguished. A novel detection method for detecting smoke based on the multispectral image was proposed in the present paper. Using the multispectral digital imaging technique, the multispectral image series of fire smoke and water fog were obtained in the band scope of 400 to 720 nm, and the images were divided into bins. The Euclidian distance among the bins was taken as a measurement for showing the difference of spectrogram. After obtaining the spectral feature vectors of dynamic region, the regions of fire smoke and water fog were extracted according to the spectrogram feature difference between target and background. The indoor and outdoor experiments show that the smoke detection method based on multispectral image can be applied to the smoke detection, which can effectively distinguish the fire smoke and water fog. Combined with video image processing method, the multispectral image detection method can also be applied to the forest fire surveillance, reducing the false alarm rate in forest fire detection.

The microbial re-growth of the pipe wall biofilm in water distribution system may endanger the safety of drinking water, so it is necessary to research the biofilm microbe. In order to study the diversity and growth of biofilm bacteria, a model pipe network which dynamic simulated the distribution system was designed. The bacteria of the model biofilm were cultivated by using R2A. The results shows that temperature and pipe materials are primary factors in the water quality indicators, and the PE and UPVC pipe are better than galvanized steel pipe in the three testing Materials.

Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd. (SNBL) imported and quarantined 3,148 cynomolgus monkeys (aged 2.5 to 6.5 years) from China in 2002. The hematology and blood biochemistry data obtained from these monkeys on Day 32 of quarantine were analyzed separately by sex [2,890 animals in which no abnormalities were observed during the 35-day quarantine period (normal group), and 258 animals which exhibited diarrhea 1 to 12 times (diarrhea group)]. The values obtained for all parameters were within the normal range (mean +/- SD), and no significant abnormalities were noted in either sex. The clinical pathology data from 11 animals (6 males and 5 females) exhibiting diarrhea repeatedly (10 to 12 times) were statistically analyzed, and significant differences were noted in PLT and ALP in both sexes. The PLT values of these animals were within the normal group mean +/- 2 SD, and were considered within the normal range. A significant difference was noted in some individual ALP values (males: Nos. 2 and 3, females: Nos. 1, 3, and 4). The clinical pathology data obtained from the normal group in this study basically correspond to the widely reported results already obtained from healthy cynomolgus monkeys, from which it can be concluded that the cynomolgus monkeys from China were generally healthy and presenting no particular abnormality. The clinical pathology data from the normal group will serve as valuable baseline data for experimenters using cynomolgus monkeys.

The ferric Cyt c can be photoreduced to the ferrous state by photoexcitation in dilute solution. However, these researches neglected the high crowded conditions in cell environment. In this work, we applied UV-Vis absorption, synchro- nous fluorescence and CD spectra to study the photoreduction process of Cyt c and its dependence on the external environ- ment under macromolecular crowded conditions. The UV-Vis absorption spectrum data showed that with addition of Dex- tran70 or Ficoll70 the hydrophobic microenvironment of heme in Cyt c was changed and the photoreduction process of Cyt c was facilitated. In addition, the photoreduction extent was much larger in Ficoll70 solution than that in Dextran70. Under macromolecular crowded conditions, we used four wavelengths of light to irradiate Cyt c samples and found that the 280 nm light was favored for the reduction. The optimum temperatures of photoreduction process were 37 ℃ and 25 ℃ in the pres- ence of Dextran70 and Ficoll70, respectively. The concentration of macromolecular crowding reagents had massive influence on the photoreduction process. Photoreduction extent showed an increase with rising the concentration of Dextran70 and the optimum concentration of Ficoll70 for the photoreduction was 100 gL -1 . The photoreduction process was promoted by add- ing external amino acids and the relative rates of photoreduction with amino acids followed the order Phe>Tyr>Trp>Met. Synchronous fluorescence spectra data suggested that Dextran70 and Ficoll70 were able to emit fluorescence which was ab- sorbed by porphyrin. The CD spectra results of Cyt c after irradiation illustrated that the secondary structure of protein varied with α-helix decreased, and β-sheet increased in dilute solution, but remained unchanged after irradiation under macromo- lecular crowding solutions. Based on the data, macromolecular crowded conditions could maintain a stable structure of Cyt c and promote its photoinduced electronic transfer and reduction process. Keywords macromolecular crowding environment; photoreduction; Cytochrome c; spectroscopy; secondary structure

Laser trabeculoplasty (LPT) has been in clinical use for more than ten years, most of its studies were about argon laser LPT, in this study we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser trabeculoplasty.© (1998) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

This study presents one novel compensation pixel design and driving method for active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays that use low-temperature polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (LTPS-TFTs) with a voltage feed-back method and the simulation results are proposed and verified by SPICE simulator. The measurement and simulation of LTPS TFT characteristics demonstrate the good fitting result. The proposed circuit consists of four TFTs and two capacitors with an additional signal line. The error rates of OLED anode voltage variation are below 0.3% under the threshold voltage deviation of driving TFT (ΔV TH = ±0.33 V). The simulation results show that the pixel design can improve the display image non-uniformity by compensating the threshold voltage deviation of driving TFT and the degradation of OLED threshold voltage at the same time.