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What was the cultural impact of early meetings between Chinese and Europeans? This book explores visual, literary, and scholarly representations of the Celestial Empire and Western countries against the backdrop of actual encounters. Based on rare Chinese and, correspondingly, European (especially Dutch) sources and archival documents, the volume covers a range of cultural expressions from the applied arts to philosophy. Special attention goes to the ideals and realities of trade and diplomacy of the Dutch East India Company in China. Foreign Devils and Philosophers approaches global history from a cultural perspective and illuminates the reciprocal dynamic of aversion and admiration: Chinese and Westerners could appear as sages or savages in each other's eyes.

The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Language Teaching defines Chinese language teaching in a pedagogical, historical, and contemporary context. Throughout the volume, teaching methods are discussed, including the traditional China-based approach, and Western methods such as communicative teaching and the immersion program.The Handbook also presents a pedagogical model covering pronunciation, tones, characters, vocabulary, grammar, and the teaching of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The remaining chapters explore topics of language assessment, technology enhanced instruction, teaching materials and resources, Chinese for specific purposes, classroom implementation, social contexts of language teaching and language teaching policies, and pragmatics and culture.Ideal for scholars and researchers of Chinese language teaching, the Handbook will benefit educators and teacher training programs. This is the first comprehensive volume exploring the growing area of Chinese language pedagogy.

English-based Mandarin loanwords are commonly used in Chinese people's daily lives. Mandarin Loanwords demonstrates how English phonemes map into Mandarin phonemes through Mandarin loanwords adaptation. The consonantal adaptations are the most important in the analyses, and vowel adaptation and tonal adaptation is also considered. Through the analysis, it is proven that the functions of phonology and phonetics play a significant role in Mandarin loanword adaptation, however the functions of other factors, such as semantic functions of Chinese characters and English orthography, are also discussed. Additionally, the phonetic symbolization of Chinese characters is mentioned.

In early modern China, Jesuit missionaries associated with the male elite of Confucian literati in order to proselytize more freely, but they had limited contact with women, whose ritual spaces were less accessible. Historians of Catholic evangelism have similarly directed their attention to the devotional practices of men, neglecting the interior spaces in Chinese households where women worshipped and undertook the transmission of Catholicism to family members and friends. Nadine Amsler's investigation brings the domestic and devotional practices of women into sharp focus, uncovering a rich body of evidence that demonstrates how Chinese households functioned as sites of evangelization, religious conflict, and indigenization of Christianity.The resulting exploration of gendered realms in seventeenth-century China reveals networks of religious sociability and ritual communities among women as well as women's remarkable acts of private piety. Amsler's exhaustive archival research and attention to material culture reveals new insights about women's agency and domestic activities, illuminating areas of Chinese and Catholic history that have remained obscure, if not entirely invisible, for far too long.

The past few decades have seen a rapid growth in Chinese language teaching materials, but very little for advanced learning. This textbook is designed specifically for advanced Chinese learners in Western universities. Postgraduate students in Chinese studies, anthropology and international relations will also find this textbook useful as it follows an interdisciplinary learning approach and includes a strong research component.

The Suwen and the Lingshu form part of the Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine with the Nanjing as a separate work complementing this classic. These texts are the first known texts on Chinese acupuncture with an age of over 2000 years. Regarded as ancient authoritative texts, they are still held in high esteem by today's Chinese and Western acupuncturists and are mandatory texts of study in the training of Western and Chinese acupuncture physicians. Western readers naturally face tremendous difficulties in accessing these original texts because of the language and cultural gap between their contemporary Western cultural background and ancient Chinese culture. This edition of the Chinese texts therefore includes simplified and traditional Chinese character versions of the texts that will enable the reader to study text versions in simplified characters published on the Chinese Mainland as well as those in traditional character versions published outside the Chinese Mainland in Taiwan or Hongkong. Complete Latin transcription in Hanyu Pinyin has been added to the Chinese character versions for all the texts so that the reader does not need to spend much time in looking up unknown Chinese characters in the texts. A comprehensive Chinese-English character and word glossary, generated and compiled from the Chinese text corpus in this book, is appended at the end of the book for easy reference by Western readers.

The very name of Confucius is a constant reminder that the “foremost sage” in China was first known in the West through Latin works. The most influential of these was the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus (Confucius, the Philosopher of China), published in Paris in 1687. For more than two hundred years, Western intellectuals like Leibniz and Voltaire read and meditated on the sayings of Confucius from this Latin version. Thierry Meynard examines the intellectual background of the Jesuits in China and their thought processes in coming to understand the Confucian tradition. He presents a trilingual edition of the Lunyu, including the Chinese text, the Latin translation of the Lunyu and its commentaries, and their rendition in modern English, with notes.

These proceedings contain papers presented at the 2014 International Conference on Environment and Sustainability (ICES 2014) held in Hong Kong. ICES 2014 was one of the most comprehensive conferences focused on the various aspects of advances in Environment and Sustainability. It provided a chance for academic and industry professionals to discuss recent progress in this critical area of research. The included papers bring together the work of researchers from academia and industry as well as practitioners to share ideas, problems and solutions relating to the multifaceted aspects of Environment and Sustainability. Topics covered relate to the areas of: Energy and materials; Environment; Civil and Environment; Sustainability and Economics.

Nel 1667 Magalotti entro al servizio di Cosimo III de'Medici, granduca di Toscana, iniziando un'attivita diplomatica che lo porto a una lunga serie di viaggi per tutta l'Europa e non solo: raccolse in diverse opere le sue vivaci e brillanti relazioni di viaggio e la Relazione della China e una di queste.

The Jesuit Archives in Rome (Archium Romanum Societatus Iesu) contains books and manuscripts from the Ming (1369-1644) and Ching (1644-1911) dynasties on Chinese history, Chinese and Western philosophy, astronomy and other sciences; volumes by Westerners introducing Christian thought to the Chinese; and works by Chinese Christians comparing what they were taught by the Jesuits with the Buddhist, Taoist, and Confucian traditions. Many works deal with the famous Chinese rites controversy. There are also volumes that treat other religious groups such as the Muslims and the Jews. The archive has a collection of some of the first Chinese-Western dictionaries. Some of the works include marginal annotations by the emperors of China, famous Chinese scholars, and Jesuit missionaries and much, much more. This catalogue consists of careful descriptions of all these archival items with bibliographical sources pertaining to them. English is the main language, but Latin, other European languages, and Chinese (with characters) are also abundant.

This Encyclopedia is the first to compile pseudonyms from all over the world, from all ages and occupations in a single work: some 500,000 pseudonyms of roughly 270,000 people are deciphered here. Besides pseudonyms in the narrower sense, initials, nick names, order names, birth and married names etc. are included.

In order to capture the essential features of computer graphics, fundamental methods, concepts, and techniques have been integrated into generalized models through a process known as modeling. This volume outlines the progress made in computer graphic modeling and presents previously unpublished results and surveys which will help readers better understand the concepts and applications of this fascinating subject.

Hamburg gilt als wegweisende europäische Metropolregion der Frühen Neuzeit und der Epoche der Aufklärung. Gleichwohl fehlt in zahlreichen Hinsichten eine angemessene Erhellung der Stadtgeschichte. Dieser Band bietet eine Vielzahl von innovativen Beiträgen zu wichtigen Aspekten der Literatur-, Wissenschafts-, Musik-, Alltags-, Kunst- und Kirchengeschichte der Hansestadt und füllt damit zahlreiche Wissenslücken.

The present collection was written to commemorate the third centenary of the death of the Portuguese Jesuit, Tomás Pereira (1645–1708). Dealing with some of the most decisive and controversial moments in the history of the Jesuit mission in China during the Kangxi era (1662–1722), these essays were produced by an international team of scholars and cover a wide range of topics that reflect a permanent academic interest, in Europe and America as well as in China, in the history of the Catholic mission in China, Sino-Russian diplomacy, the history of Western science and music in China, intercultural history, and history of art.While the names of such missionaries as Matteo Ricci, Adam Schall and Ferdinand Verbiest are well known, Pereira has been relatively neglected, and this volume seeks to redress that imbalance. Pereira was important as a musician and diplomat and was closer to the Kangxi emperor than any other Westerner, something that enabled him to exert considerable influence for the protection of the Chinese Christians and also to further the interests of Portugal in China. However, towards the end of his life he saw his efforts undermined by the damaging consequences of the papal legation to China led by Charles-Thomas Maillard de Tournon.

Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2012 International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2012), June 23-24, 2012, Hohhot, China

Friar Domingo Navarrete, A Dominican missionary, travelled round the world and spent the best part of his life (1658-69) in China, where he became a determined opponent of the evangelical methods of the'Jesuit mandarins'. This edition of his travels is b

This authoritative reference tool covers monographs, conference proceedings, and theses that relate to film studies in and about mainland China published between 1920 and 2003. It references basic information, such as film titles, directors, and actors, as well as a variety of topics in film studies, such as film history, genres, and technology. Presented comprehensively in English and Chinese, this bibliography follows an intelligently structured subject scheme, and includes three handy indexes.

Francisco Varo's Arte de la Lengua Mandarina, completed ca. 1680, is the earliest published grammar of any spoken form of Chinese and the fullest known description of the standard language of the seventeenth century. It establishes beyond doubt that this “Language of the Mandarins” was not Pekingese or Peking-based but had instead a Jiang-Huai or Nankingese-like phonology. It also provides important information about the nature and formation of pre-modern standard forms of Chinese and will lead to revisions of currently held views on Chinese koines and their relationship with regional speech forms and the received vernacular literature. Finally, it provides a wealth ot information on stylistic speech levels, honorific usage, and social customs of the elite during the early Qing period. The book provides a full translation of the 1703 text of the Arte, an extensive introduction to the life and work of Varo, an index of Chinese characters inserted into the translation, and an index of linguistic terms and concepts. It should be of interest to a diverse readership of Chinese historical, comparative, and descriptive linguists, students of Qing history and literature, historiographers of linguistics, and specialists in early Western religious and cultural contact with China.

If an infant is deprived of the benefits of the society he lives in, he will either soon perish or, if by some strange interposition of Providence, he should arrive at more mature years, he will be found to be only a more savage, naked and speechless, resembling other wild animals similarly, in the acquisition of knowledge, we are united to our fellow men by various depress of dependence. While attempting to compile an Encyclopaedic, World Geography the editor has of necessity to depend on others who have made to depend on others who have made researches in their particular field of study and then written about the subject as an expert, The mathematician obtains his science from comparing his ideas; the general Historian derives the value of his labors from the creditability of the authorities by which he is supported. The Editors of the Encyclopaedic Geography have therefore, to seek material or assistance in ascertaining or illustrating facts from his predecessors. lectures on Natural Philosophy deserve the warmest commendation as being equally adapted to the improvement of the head and of the heart. Travels in Italy by Addison are still read with entertainment and profit Blair's lectures on the Belies Letters have contributed their aid in tracing the history of literature. The editors have thus taken material form Bonny castle's Introduction to Astronomy and Mrs. Bryan's lectures on Astronomy similarly Bryant's Mythology Bruce's Travels in Abyssinia, Bushing's Geography have been valuable as being store house of topographical information. Coyote's History of England is superior to other works on the subject because of its impartiality. Cox's Travels through Poland, Russia Sweden and Denmark afford very satisfactory information concerning these countries. Du Holder's description of China is a work of acknowledged excellence. Entropies and Flours have been found tube useful in ascertaining facts. While treating the geography of the middle ages. The editors have followed Forster's Voyages and Discoveries in the North. While selecting from the mass of materials the editors have constantly kept two objects in view; the first has-been to compress as much information as possible and the second to suffer nothing to appear which might in jury the moral or religious principles of the most inexperienced reader. The editors conclude that the man has ever been the worst foe of man. His energies of mind have been employed more in the pursuit of projects which entail misery on our fellow creatures than in those which tend to ameliorate their condition. This is a book which must find a place in one's personal library