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Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a highly contagious, intestinal infectious disease caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). PEDV as an emerging and re-emerging epizootic virus of swine causes substantial economic losses to the pig industry in China and other countries. In China, the occurrence of PED shows significant seasonal variations, usually outbreak during the winter season. The epidemic characteristics of PED may be highly correlated with the changes of ambient temperature. However, molecular mechanism on the seasonal occurrence of PED still remains unclear. It has been widely observed that low ambient temperature up-regulates the expression of host heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Here, we showed that nucleotide and protein levels of Hsp70 were up-regulated in the intestinal of cold exposed pig and cold exposed Vero E6 cells. We found that overexpression of Hsp70 could increase PEDV mRNA synthesis and protein expression in Vero E6 and IPEC-J2 cells, while the siRNAs mediated knockdown of Hsp70 and VER155008 mediated inhibition of Hsp70 resulted in inhibition of viral mRNA synthesis and protein expression in Vero E6 cells. These data suggested that Hsp70 positively regulated PEDV mRNA synthesis and protein expression, which being helpful for understanding the seasonality of PED epidemics and development of novel antiviral therapies in the future.

Field measurement is a major method for studying issues related to the outdoor thermal environment. Through accurate acquisition and objective analysis of the measured data, the rule of dynamic physical parameters can be obtained. This paper analyzes the outdoor thermal environment researches carried out in China and overseas in recent years and puts the emphasis on field measurement at fixed points. Conclusions include a summary of three types of arrangement methods of measuring points based on multi-variable control method, pre-analysis method and lumped parameter method. Besides, two types of ways to improve the reliability of measurement results are also given. Finally, relevant suggestions for the future standardization for measuring methods of outdoor thermal environment are put forward.

With the continuous acquisition of multi-source marine data, the issue of semantic heterogeneity among ocean flow field phenomena had become the main difficulty for data sharing and analyzing of ocean flow field. For the reason that there was still no complete semantic shared knowledge system for ocean flow field at present, based on extensive reference to marine expertise and related standards, with the idea of ontology, the paper established the hierarchical system of ocean flow field domain knowledge. Through the semantic analysis of the relationship between concepts and attributes of ocean flow field domain ontology and the space-time relationship between ocean flow field instances, the paper proposed an ontology expression model based on a six-tuple, and constructed a basic structure that integrated concepts, attributes, relationships and instance sets together. And through extended modeling key words for Web Ontology Language (OWL), taking the western boundary current as an example, the paper gave the formal expression and description for semantic information based on OWL. The paper’s research could provide a theoretical basis for knowledge sharing and data mining in the field of ocean flow field.

The relationship between the rising reproducible energy and the power system is becoming closer, which promote the generalization and employ of microgrid. The access of distributed power brings a series of technical problems to the operation of the system. This paper builds up a mathematical model which can reflect the working principle of the inverters. Based on the physical mechanism, the relationship between electrical signals is analyzed. Through the voltage loop, given two control schemes of microgrid distributed power supply inverters, PID and ADRC (Active Disturbance Rejection Control), especially LADRC (Liner Active Disturbance Rejection Control). Meanwhile ESO is used to control and deal with the state variables. Two typical states of microgrid, isolated island start and abrupt load change, are simulated and compared under the two controls. The simulation results show that the comprehensive control effect of LADRC in microgrid system is better than that of PID.

The current studies have shown that overweight and obesity are possible risk factors for cerebral infarction, but variety of weight status in the role of the mechanism of cerebral infarction is not yet fully understood. In our research, a prospective cohort follow-up study of 8 years (2002-2009) was used to analyze the correlation of weight, cerebral infarction and other factors in 1170 Han retired employees from KaiLuan Group. The study included enrolling with questionnaire survey, medical examination, brain CT scan and so on, based on the changes in body mass index from the beginning to the end of the follow-up study, the subjects were divided into eight groups: stay normal weight group (n = 364), stay overweight group (n = 171), development from overweight into obesity group (n = 95), stay obesity group (n = 37), development from normal weight into overweight group (n = 365), development from normal weight into obesity group (n = 63), overweight improved group (n = 55) and obesity improved group (n = 20). We found that the incidence of cerebral infarction in the stay overweight group was higher than in the stay obese and stay normal weight groups (25.15%, 18.92%, 19.23%, P0.05) during the last medical examination in the end of follow-up study, and relative risk was 1.31, 0.98, 1, and population attributable risk was 0.10, -0.002, 0, respectively. But there was no difference of the incidence of cerebral infarction between stay obesity group and stay normal weight group (P0.05). The incidence of hypertension in the development of normal weight into obesity group and stay obesity group was higher than stay overweight group and stay normal weight group (63.49%, 56.76%, 48.54%, 36.54%, P0.05), while the aggregated incidence of risk factors in above mentioned four groups was 75%, 64%, 63%, 55% (P0.05), respectively. In logistic regression analysis of correlative factors to cerebral infarction, waist circumference in the last checkup, diabetes, development from normal weight to overweight status, etc were selected (P0.01), and odds ratio (OR) values were 0.98, 6.51, 4.13 (P0.05), respectively. The incidence of cerebral infarction in overweight improved and obesity improved groups were 29.09%, 45.00%, relative risk values were 1.51, 2.34, the aggregated incidence of risk factors were 48%, 65%. This study showed that Chinese aging population who has overweight with a significant overweight stable phase and with no overweight stable phase but progressing to obesity had different risks of diseases. The former was at high risk of cerebral infarction, the latter was susceptible to hypertension. In the aging population of overweight and obesity, the aggregated incidence of cerebral infarction related risk factors were significantly increased, and weight-loss treatment did not reduce the incidence of cerebral infarction. Thus, the aging patients with obesity should be actively treated to eliminate hypertension and other risk factors, rather than an appetite for weight-loss treatment.

Recently, there have been a few studies showing the association between obesity and fibrinogen (Fg) gene polymorphisms, but the reasons still do not clear completely. In this research, we studied the relationship among overweight, obesity and -854G/A, -455G/A, -249C/T, -148C/T, 448G/A, Bcl-1G/A gene polymorphisms of Fg β-chain and its functional expression such as plasma Fg concentration and molecule conglomerate function. 1391 subjects of retired aged employees from Kailuan Group were enrolled with medical examination and questionnaire survey, and which were divided into normal weight group (597 cases), overweight group (609 cases), obese group (185 cases) based on body mass index (BMI). Plasma Fg concentration, fibrin monomer polymerized velocity (FMPV), absorbance maximum (Amax) and FMPV/Amax were measured in all subjects. The gene polymorphisms at six sites of Fg β-chain were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. We found that only the frequencies of Bcl-1A allele and its mutated genotypes in overweight group were significantly higher than ones in normal weight group (P0.01). The loose linkage disequilibrium was evident between FgβBcl-1G/A and -455G/A, -148C/T polymorphisms. Fg concentration, FMPV, FMPV/Amax of subjects only with β-854 mutated genotype were significantly higher those with wild genotype in three groups (P0.01), and FMPV/Amax of subjects with β-455 mutated genotypes and FMPV of ones with β-249 mutated genotypes were yet higher than those with wild genotype in overweight group (P0.05). In conclusion, the Fg β-854 site is an important locus regulating plasma Fg concentration and conglomerate functional expression. Only the people with FgβBcl-1 mutated genotype is the genetic susceptible population of overweight with obvious stable phase. This overweight people can enhance plasma fibrinogenic molecular activity expression by activating mutated genotypes of Fgβ-455 and -249. There are different genetic basis and genetic susceptible population between the overweight patients with obvious stable phase and the patients of progressive development to obesity without obvious overweight stable phase.

Cancer cells exhibit phenotypical plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming, which allows them to evade lineage-dependent targeted treatments by adopting lineage plasticity. The underlying mechanisms by which cancer cells exploit the epigenetic regulatory machinery to acquire lineage plasticity and therapy resistance remain poorly understood. We identified Zinc Finger Protein 397 (ZNF397) as a bona fide co-activator of the androgen receptor (AR), essential for the transcriptional program governing AR-driven luminal lineage. ZNF397 deficiency facilitates the transition of cancer cell from an AR-driven luminal lineage to a Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2)-driven lineage plastic state, ultimately promoting resistance to therapies inhibiting AR signaling. Intriguingly, our findings indicate that TET2 inhibitor can eliminate the AR targeted therapies resistance in ZNF397-deficient tumors. These insights uncover a novel mechanism through which prostate and breast cancers acquire lineage plasticity via epigenetic rewiring and offer promising implications for clinical interventions designed to overcome therapy resistance dictated by lineage plasticity., Statement of Significance: This study reveals a novel epigenetic mechanism regulating tumor lineage plasticity and therapy response, enhances understanding of drug resistance and unveils a new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer and other malignancies. Our findings also illuminate TET2's oncogenic role and mechanistically connect TET2-driven epigenetic rewiring to lineage plasticity and therapy resistance.