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Optical quality diamond thin films have been deposited using a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) system. The diamond films were characterized by Raman shift spectra, X-ray diffraction spectra, scanning electron microscopy. Diamond near infrared antireflective filter window and diamond X-ray window have been fabricated using above technology. The diamond near infrared antireflective filter windows have been successfully used in on-line monitoring at Shanghai Baosteel Works. It has produced annual benefit as much as 2.4 million RMB Yuan.

The reaction of bis(ethyl-3-oxo-butanolato-O1, O3)-bis(2-propanolato)titanium (Tyzor DCR) and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) in different molar ratios, at room temperature produced the trimer of IEM in high yields with ethyl acetoacetate, isopropyl acetoacetate, and titanium dioxide, which are derived from Tyzor DCR, as by-products. The reaction products were identified by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR, G.C. and M.S. procedures. The study showed that Tyzor DCR acts as a catalyst in this reaction.

The traditional bias circuit in an LCD driver, by means of resistors dividing a voltage, consumes power continuously as it works. Based on the properties of liquid crystals with a large parasitic capacitance and resulting in a large time constant during charge and discharge, a novel bias circuit using dynamic resistors is proposed in this paper. The new bias circuit has been applied in a 32/spl times/4 LCD driver. The power dissipation in the biasing circuitry part could be reduced by about 36/spl times/ to more than 100/spl times/.

Percutaneous microballoon compression of the trigeminal ganglion is a brand new operative technique for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. However, it is unclear how the procedure mediates pain relief, and there are no standardized criteria, such as compression pressure, compression time or balloon shape, for the procedure. In this study, percutaneous microballoon compression was performed on the rabbit trigeminal ganglion at a mean inflation pressure of 1,005 ± 150 mmHg for 2 or 5 minutes. At 1, 7 and 14 days after percutaneous microballoon compression, the large-diameter myelinated nerves displayed axonal swelling, rupture and demyelination under the electron microscope. Fragmentation of myelin and formation of digestion chambers were more evident after 5 minutes of compression. Image analyzer results showed that the diameter of trigeminal ganglion cells remained unaltered after compression. These experimental findings indicate that a 2-minute period of compression can suppress pain transduction. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the ganglion cells and axons was significantly increased 7 days after trigeminal ganglion compression, however, the changes were similar after 2-minute compression and 5-minute compression. The upregulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the ganglion cells after percutaneous microballoon compression can promote the repair of the injured nerve. These findings suggest that long-term compression is ideal for patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.

A hospital-based case-control study of oesophageal cancer was carried out in the Heilongjiang Province, a low-risk area for oesophageal cancer in China. From May 1985 to May 1989, 196 histologically confirmed cases and 392 controls with other (non-neoplastic) diseases were personally interviewed in the wards of 5 major hospitals. Information was obtained about usual consumption in the early 1980s of 32 major contributors to the diet in the province, socio-demographic status, smoking and alcohol consumption. Odds ratios (OR) were obtained from logistic regression models, and confounding was controlled by means of multivariate models. Smoking and alcohol consumption were major risk factors for oesophageal cancer in this population. Smokers of handmade cigarettes exhibited a particularly high risk. A near multiplicative synergism was found between smoking and alcohol consumption. There was a significant inverse dose-risk trend for combined consumption of vegetables and fruits; a 300-g increase per day lowered risk by 35%. Vitamin C intake was negatively associated with risk; a 100-mg increase per day lowered risk by 39%. Our data suggest a modifying effect of vitamin C and beta-carotene on risk associated with smoking, but the power of analyses was low. Salt, salt-preserved foods and pickled vegetables were not associated with increased risk. High temperature of meals and drinks was a strong risk indicator in this population. The strength of tea and overall tea consumption were independent determinants of the risk.

The reaction of bis(ethyl-3-oxo-butanolato-O1, O3)-bis(2-propanolato)titanium (Tyzor DCR) and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) in different molar ratios, at room temperature produced the trimer of IEM in high yields with ethyl acetoacetate, isopropyl acetoacetate, and titanium dioxide, which are derived from Tyzor DCR, as by-products. The reaction products were identified by FTIR,1H NMR,13C NMR, G.C. and M.S. procedures. The study showed that Tyzor DCR acts as a catalyst in this reaction.

It was proposed a novel dual-mode transmitter with controlled slew rate under test based on USB 2.0. When the transmitter drives 12Mbps data, it works in voltage mode, and 480Mbps in current mode. The circuit simulation is based on using Cadence's SPECTRE software and TSMC's library of 0.25 /spl mu/m mixed-signal CMOS model. The simulation results revealed that the transmitter designed in this method supports 12Mbps and 480Mbps data rate according to USB 2.0 specification. Since the transmitter is with controlled and desired slew rate circuits, the waveform for output signal of transmitter is agreement with USB 2.0 specification.