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Objective The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model of chronic pulmonary hypertension with a single-dose intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT) in young Tibet minipigs, so as to enable both invasive and noninvasive measurements and hence facilitate future studies. Methods Twenty-four minipigs (8-week-old) were randomized to receive single-dose injection of 12.0 mg/kg MCT (MCT group, n = 12) or placebo (control group, n = 12 each). On day 42, all animals were evaluated for pulmonary hypertension with conventional transthoracic echocardiography, right heart catheterization (RHC), and pathological changes. Findings of these studies were compared between the two groups. Results At echocardiography, the MCT group showed significantly higher pulmonary arterial mean pressure (PAMP) compared with the controls (P

This study was aimed to establish the HPLC fingerprints of the genus Chimonanthus leaves and compare the constituents distribution among five Chimonanthus species . The analysis was conducted on a C15 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase containing acetonitrile-water in gradient program: acetonitrile (B), 0-20 min, 6%-20%; 20-30 min, 20%-25%; 30-40 min, 25%-45%; 40-50 min, 45%-80%; 50-80 min, 80%-85%; 80-90 min, 85%-100%; 90-110 min, 100%. Flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1) and detection wavelength was 228 nm. Column temperature was set at 30 degrees C. The HPLC fingerprints of the five Chimonanthus species have been established. Ch. praecox, Ch. nitens, Ch. salicifolius, Ch. Zhejiangensis and Ch. grammatus have significant difference in constituents distribution and contents. Five standard substances as common compounds were confirmed in chromatography fingerprints. The method can be used as quality evaluation and classicfication of the genus Chimonanthus.

The spatial distributions of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in spring from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed in the Yangtze (Changjiang) estuary and coastal seas using remote sensing data of MODIS. The results indicated that high concentration areas of SSC did not directly surround the Yangtze estuary but concentrated northwards considerably along the coast about 100km. The driving of Taiwan warm current, the southward drift of SSC along the coast and also the river discharges should be the mixed reasons for this northward concentration of SSC. The coastal current also drove the SSC along the coast to the high concentration area of SSC. The first EOF pattern, demonstrated by EOF analysis, explains the dominant distribution pattern of SSC in the study area. This controlling pattern should be caused by the joint effects of northeast wind, the coastal current and Taiwan warm current. The SSC dispersed and extended with a wide range from 122°XE to 126°XE (about 400km), and from 30°XN to 34°XN (about 440km). SSC in spring of 2010 and 2011 was obviously higher than that in the previous three years. It suggested that the suspended sediment and associate contaminant, discharged from the Yangtze River, was increasing in recent two years. Stronger northeast wind has significant and negative influence on the SSC.

To observe the curative effect of autologous blood point injection on diabetic gastroparesis and to study its underlying mechanism.A total of 42 type-II diabetes outpatients and inpatients were randomly and equally divided into treatment group and control group according to a random digit table. Patients of the treatment group were treated by injection of the patient's own venous blood (2 mL/acupoint) into the unilateral Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongwan (OV 12) and Weishu (BL 21), once every week, 4 times together. Patients of the control group were ordered to take motilium (10 mg/time), 3 times daily for 4 weeks. Plasma motilin and gastrin were detected by radioimmunoassay before and 4 weeks after the treatment.Of the two 21 cases in the control and treatment groups, 3 and 7 experienced marked improvement in their symptoms, 4 and 8 were effective, 14 and 6 were failed in the treatment, with the effective rates being 33.3% and 71.4% respectively. The effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). The contents of plasma motilin and gastrin in both control and treatment groups were reduced obviously after the treatment (P0.01), and the effect of the treatment group was significantly superior to that of the control group in lowering plasma motilin and gastrin levels (P0.01).Acupoint injection of the diabetes patients' own blood can obviously alleviate the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis, which is closely associated with its effects in lowering plasma motilin and gastrin levels.

Culture of pharmaceutical plant is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary theory, which has a long history of application. In order to improve the quality of this course, some reformation schemes have been carried out, including stimulating enthusiasm for learning, refining the basic concepts and theories, promoting the case study, emphasis on latest achievements, enhancing exercise in laboratory and planting base, and guiding students to do scientific and technological innovation. Meanwhile, the authors point out some teaching problems of this course.

To explore the influence of recombination granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) on mobilization and distribution of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in blood and brain tissue, and its role in protecting brain in rats with cerebral ischemia.One hundred and six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into sham-operated group (n=10),model group (n=48), rG-CSF group (n=48) according to the method of random digital table, and rats in model and rG-CSF groups were divided into four subgroups: i.e. 2, 3, 7 and 14 days subgroups, with 12 rats in each subgroup. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was reproduced with nylon thread. In rats of rG-CSF group rG-CSF (10 μg/kg) was administered by subcutaneous injection 3 days before and 2 days after operation respectively, once a day. Rats in sham-operated and model groups were administered with normal saline in the same volume, once a day. At the corresponding time after operation, general neural function score (GNFS) of rats was measured. Blood was collected through abdominal aorta, then white blood cell (WBC) and CD34+ cells in peripheral blood were counted. Brain pathologic changes were observed, and expression of CD34+ cells in rats brain tissue was determined by using immunohistochemical method.(1) GNFS was lower obviously in 2-day model group compared with that in sham-operated group, and then increased gradually. At 7 days and 14 days after operation, GNFS in rG-CSF group was higher significantly than that in model group (7 days: 11.86±0.69 vs. 10.53±0.76, 14 days: 13.38±0.52 vs. 12.38±0.52, both P0.01). (2) WBC and CD34+ cells in peripheral blood in model group increased obviously, with the highest level appeared at 3 days and lowered at 7 days and 14 days. Increase of WBC and CD34+ cells in rats of rG-CSF group was more obvious than that of model group at each time point except CD34+ in 14 days group [WBC (×10(9)/L) 2 days: 11.75±1.76 vs. 8.07±1.27, 3 days: 13.07±1.70 vs. 10.88±1.78, 7 days: 8.63±1.36 vs. 5.58±1.57, 14 days: 6.98±0.98 vs. 4.87±0.92; CD34+ (cells/μl) 2 days: 8.83±2.14 vs. 3.17±0.75, 3 days: 13.50±1.87 vs. 5.00±1.55, 7 days: 5.33±1.21 vs. 2.33±1.21, P0.05 or P0.01]. (3) Expression of CD34+ cells in the brain of rats in 2-day model group increased significantly, and the highest level appeared at 7 days and decreased at 14 days. Absorbance (A) value of CD34+ cells expression in rat brains of each rG-CSF group was more significant than that in model group (2 days: 43.21±4.41 vs. 22.04±2.95, 3 days: 45.79±1.76 vs. 25.69±2.44, 7 days: 52.09±2.86 vs. 33.04±2.62, 14 days: 29.73±1.99 vs. 16.91±2.95, all P0.01). (4) The signs of injury to brain in pathological examination were less obvious in 14 days rG-CSF group.BMSCs could be induced to enter peripheral blood and "home" to brain tissue after cerebral ischemia. It was showed that BMSCs increased in number at first and then decreased in peripheral blood and brain, the peak number was found on 3rd day in peripheral blood and 7th day in brain. Mobilization with rG-CSF could increase the number of BMSCs in peripheral blood and brain tissue. The effect of mobilization of BMSCs on protecting brain was significant after cerebral ischemia, and effect appeared to be more pronounced with prolongation of mobilization.

It is common to see a foreign body retained in the soft tissues of oral and maxillofacial region. However, a foreign body retaining in oral and maxillofacial region for more than 10 years and resulting in limitation of mouth opening is rare. This paper reported a 52-year-old man, who had limitation of mouth opening for more than 1 year caused by a stone retaining in right post-maxillary molar area for 10 years. The clinical manifestations, X-ray and CT findings, treatment result were summarized. This case suggested that oral and maxillofacial surgeons should ask the patients medical history in details. With other imaging examinations, surgeons could make definite diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial foreign body.

A new diterpenoid, named populusol A (1), was isolated from the methanolic extraction of the stem bark of Populus davidiana. The structure was elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRFAB-MS spectroscopic analysis.