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Background: Cerebral hypoperfusion caused by large-vessel stenosis is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment. In vitro, animal and clinic studies demonstrated that DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) can improve the collateral circulation and the cerebral perfusion. In this trial, the benefit of NBP to ameliorate the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion resulting from unilateral internal carotid system stenosis will be explored. Methods: This trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study. A total 480 subjects with ≥70% stenosis or occlusion in unilateral internal carotid artery system, cerebral hypoperfusion in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, and no transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or ischemic strokes within 2 weeks will be enrolled in China. Patients will be assigned in a 1:1 ratio to NBP and placebo groups. Patients in NBP or placebo group received 200 mg or 20 mg of NBP capsules three times daily for 4 weeks respectively. The cerebral perfusion will be assessed again after 12 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome is the proportion of patients with cerebral blood flow (CBF) amelioration, stabilization and deterioration after treatment. Conclusions: This trial will provide a high-level of evidence for NBP to treat the cerebral hypoperfusion, and a novel strategy to improve the cerebral hemodynamic impairment due to large intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in the surgical high-risk patients, especially in the aged and Asians. Trial registration: This trial is registered as ChiCTR2100053112 on November 12th, 2021.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a series of disorders of liver metabolism caused by the accumulation of lipids in the liver, which is considered the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. Our previous study demonstrated the promising efficacy of ginsenoside Rh4 in improving the intestinal tract and its related metabolites. Meanwhile, many studies in the literature have investigated the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as bile acids (BAs) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which play a key role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Therefore, this study focused on whether Rh4 could achieve therapeutic effects on NAFLD through the gut–liver axis. The results showed that Rh4 exhibited sound therapeutic effects on the NAFLD model induced by the Western diet and CCl4 in mice. In the liver, the degrees of hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation levels, and bile acid in the liver tissue were improved after Rh4 treatment. At the same time, Rh4 treatment significantly increased the levels of intestinal SCFAs and BAs, and these changes were accompanied by the complementary diversity and composition of intestinal flora. In addition, correlation analysis showed that Rh4 affected the expression of proteins involved in the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling pathway in the liver and intestine, which modulates hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, and proteins related to bile acid regulation. In conclusion, our study provides a valuable insight into how Rh4 targets the gut–liver axis for the development of NAFLD, which indicates that Rh4 may be a promising candidate for the clinical therapy of NAFLD.

We present an approach to estimate 3D human pose from a monocular image. The method consists of two steps: it first estimates a 2D pose from an image and then recovers the corresponding 3D pose. This work focuses on the second step. The Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) has recently become the de facto standard for human pose related tasks such as action recognition. However, in this work, we show that it has critical limitations when used for 3D pose estimation due to the inherent weight sharing scheme. The limitations are clearly exposed through a more generic reformulation of GCN, in which both GCN and Fully Connected Network (FCN) are its special cases. In addition, on top of the formulation, we propose Locally Connected Network (LCN) to overcome the limitations of GCN by allocating dedicated rather than shared filters for different joints. We train the LCN network together with the 2D pose estimator such that LCN can be trained to handle inaccurate 2D poses. We evaluate our approach on two benchmarks, and observe that LCN outperforms GCN, FCN and the state-of-the-arts by a large margin. More importantly, it demonstrates stronger cross-dataset generalization ability because of the sparse connections among joints.

RFeO3 is an ideal candidate for the fabrication of spintronic devices, and its rare earth site doping is an important means to regulate and produce many unique spin behaviors. In this work, we report a high-quality Dy0.5Tb0.5FeO3 single crystal grown by optical floating zone method and its magnetic properties are studied explicitly. A type Ⅱ spin switching effect and suppressed spin reorientation transition are found in the Magnetization vs Temperature curves in Dy0.5Tb0.5FeO3. In the temperature region of spin reorientation transition, the transition of Fe3+ magnetic sublattice configuration becomes very complicated by the influence of competitive interaction with magnetic Dy3+/Tb3+ ions. Interestingly, a field tunable double-hysteresis loop is observed near the antiferromagnetic transition temperature of rare earth ions sublattice, which has never been reported in RFeO3 family compounds. By studying the dependence of double-hysteresis loop at different temperatures, the magnetic phase transition and spin reorientation transition induced by the applied magnetic field is inferred. This novel physical phenomenon helps us understand the mechanism of spin configuration transition better at low temperatures.

Link prediction is an important problem in complex network analysis, which can discover missing or possible future edges in the network. In recent years, link prediction methods based on network representation learning have made progress. But there are two problems with these methods. One is that neighborhood-based node sampling methods cannot handle the situation between two nodes that do not have any common neighbors. The other is the Skip-Gram-based embedding model that represents nodes as static vectors, which cannot reflect the various meanings of nodes. To overcome these two limitations, this paper proposes a method called AFS-BERT (Information entropy based Adaptive Fusion Sampling and BERT embedding model). First, this method defines a centrality score based on adjacency information entropy, which reflects the global and local importance of nodes. Second, we propose a sampling method that adaptively fuses two different strategies using the centrality score. Finally, the BERT-based embedding model is used to realize the low-dimensional dynamic vector representation of nodes. Experimental result on six real-world network datasets shows that AFS-BERT has better performance. Compared with methods of the same type, AFS-BERT achieves upto 6.7% improvement.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers in the world. Recently, suppression of glutamine metabolism has become one of the hottest therapy targets for cancer treatment. There is a growing amount of research that indicates that ginsenosides possess good anti-tumor activity. However, the effect of ginsenoside Rk1 on glutamine metabolism in HCC is unclear. In this study, Rk1 was demonstrated to be effective at inhibiting the proliferation of HCC through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Especially, Rk1 was shown for the first time to inhibit glutamine metabolism in HCC. Rk1 downregulates GLS1 expression, and consequently decreases the GSH production, stimulating ROS accumulation to induce apoptosis. In addition, transcriptomic results showed that the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway was enriched in HepG2. Rk1 exerts an inhibitory effect on glutamine metabolism in HCC by regulating the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway, and inducing apoptosis

The magnetic behavior of rare-earth orthoferrite ErFeO3 single crystal can be controlled by low magnetic fields from a few to hundreds of Oe. Here we investigated high-quality ErFeO3 single crystal at the temperature range of 5 K-120 K, with two types of spin switching in the field-cooled-cooling (FCC) and field-cooled-warming (FCW) processes below the temperature of spin reorientation (SR) transition from Г4 to Г2 at 98 K-88 K. The magnitude of the applied magnetic fields could regulate two types of spin switching along a-axis of ErFeO3 single crystal but does not affect the type and temperature range of the SR transition. An interesting 'multi-step' type-II spin switching is observed in FCW under low magnetic fields (H ＜18 Oe) just below the SR transition temperature, which is associated with the interaction and the change of magnetic configurations from rare-earth and iron magnetic sublattices. When the magnetic field is lower than 15 Oe, the type-II spin switching in FCW process gradually changes to a continuous magnetic transition along the a-axis of the ErFeO3 single crystal. As the magnetic field is reduced to be less than 17 Oe, the type-I spin switching in the FCW process also transforms into a continuous magnetic transition. Understanding the magnetic reversal effects will help us explore the potential applications of these magnetic materials for future information devices.

Ginsenoside CK alleviated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through the LKB1/AMPK pathway.

Analog photonic solutions offer unique opportunities to address complex computational tasks with unprecedented performance in terms of energy dissipation and speeds, overcoming current limitations of modern computing architectures based on electron flows and digital approaches. The lack of modularization and lumped element reconfigurability in photonics has prevented the transition to an all-optical analog computing platform. Here, we explore, using numerical simulation, a nanophotonic platform based on epsilon-near-zero materials capable of solving in the analog domain partial differential equations (PDE). Wavelength stretching in zero-index media enables highly nonlocal interactions within the board based on the conduction of electric displacement, which can be monitored to extract the solution of a broad class of PDE problems. By exploiting the experimentally achieved control of deposition technique through process parameters, used in our simulations, we demonstrate the possibility of implementing the proposed nano-optic processor using CMOS-compatible indium-tin-oxide, whose optical properties can be tuned by carrier injection to obtain programmability at high speeds and low energy requirements. Our nano-optical analog processor can be integrated at chip-scale, processing arbitrary inputs at the speed of light. All-optical platforms hold potential for fast and efficient analog computing, but are limited by their size and poor reconfigurability. Here, a zero-index nanophotonic platform enables post-Moore’s law analog optical computing, processing data with high throughput and low-energy levels.

Allowing microwaves to transmit through without changing the wavefront is one of the essential requirements of the dome structures of antenna arrays like radars. Here, we demonstrate a microwave metasurface as an array of two types of meta-atoms, which are the flip counterparts to each other. Due to the reciprocity and space-inversion symmetry, the wavefront in the transmission is unchanged by the metasurface in a broad spectrum; while at the same time, the wavefront in reflection can be manipulated independently by changing the arrangement of the meta-atoms. Specifically, a random-flip metasurface that produces diffuse reflection is realized, enabling a camouflaged meta-dome. The broadband, wide-angle, and polarization-independent diffuse reflection and undistorted transmission are numerically and experimentally verified. Our finding enables a unique meta-dome structure that has camouflage functionality.

Field-tuning mechanisms of spin switching and spin reorientation (SR) transition were investigated in a series of high-quality single crystal samples of Pr

We demonstrate a passive all-chalcogenide all-optical perceptron scheme. The network’s nonlinear activation function (NLAF) relies on the nonlinear response of Ge2Sb2Te5 to femtosecond laser pulses. We measured the sub-picosecond time-resolved optical constants of Ge2Sb2Te5 at a wavelength of 1500 nm and used them to design a high-speed Ge2Sb2Te5-tuned microring resonator all-optical NLAF. The NLAF had a sigmoidal response when subjected to different laser fluence excitation and had a dynamic range of −9.7 dB. The perceptron’s waveguide material was AlN because it allowed efficient heat dissipation during laser switching. A two-temperature analysis revealed that the operating speed of the NLAF is ≤ 1 $\le 1$ ns. The percepton’s nonvolatile weights were set using low-loss Sb2S3-tuned Mach Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). A three-layer deep neural network model was used to test the feasibility of the network scheme and a maximum training accuracy of 94.5% was obtained. We conclude that combining Sb2S3-programmed MZI weights with the nonlinear response of Ge2Sb2Te5 to femtosecond pulses is sufficient to perform energy-efficient all-optical neural classifications at rates greater than 1 GHz.

Y-type hexaferrites with non-collinear conical magnetic structures, which induce electric polarization (P), are prospective single-phase multiferroics with broad applications, such as magnetic sensors, energy convertors, and memory devices, among others. Y-type hexaferrites have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we investigated the magnetoelectric properties of Ba0.7Sr1.3CoZnFe11AlO22 single crystals with Y-type hexaferrite structures by replacing half of Zn2+ ions with Co2+ ions. A transition from a screw order to the ferromagnetic is observed at TN2 = 356 K in Ba0.7Sr1.3CoZnFe11AlO22 single crystals. The electric polarization (P) and magnetoelectric coupling coefficient ( α ) reach a maximum of 130 μC/m2 and 16667 ps/m at T = 30 K and E = 880 kV/m, respectively. Most importantly, the in-plane Hab induced P can be fully reversed by applying in-plane Hab and it maintains a non-zero value even when the applied magnetic field is zero. Since the P does not decay and repeats many times under a fluctuating low magnetic field, it is important for potential applications in new types of non-volatile memory devices.

High quality Fe4Nb2O9 single crystal was grown by optical floating zone method. The magnetization-temperature(M-T) curves, isothermal magnetization curves(M-H) and pyroelectric current-temperature curves of the single crystal along different crystallographic directions were measured. The results of magnetization measurements which shows the Neel temperature TN of around 90 K and the in-plane magnetic structure of Fe4Nb2O9 are very consistent with the reported magnetic structure obtained by neutron diffraction. The isothermal magnetization curves along [210] direction show spin flop phase transition and a local ferromagnetic loop under 50 K. The critical field HC of spin flop phase transition is found to be 94 kOe. Pyroelectric current-temperature curves show ferroelectric polarization below about 90 K under zero magnetic field, which has not been reported before in single crystal Fe4Nb2O9. At the same time, Fe4Nb2O9 shows magnetoelectric coupling effect. With the increase of magnetic field, the polarization increases to over 300 μC/m2 along a axis under applied magnetic field of 70 kOe.

Ginsenosides are the main pharmacologically active constituents of ginseng which have been used in East Asian countries for centuries to modulate blood pressure, metabolism and immune function. Following the technological advances in isolation, purification and mass production, their mechanisms of action are gradually elucidated, providing solid basis for clinical applications. Ginseng extracts (total ginsenosides) and ginsenoside Rg3, CK, Rd have been marketed or entered clinical trials as drugs or dietary supplements. Despite the proven safety and efficacy of some ginsenosides, their applications are hindered by inferior pharmacokinetics such as low solubility, poor membrane permeability and metabolic instability. Nanoparticle formulation of drugs and implantable drug depots are effective strategies to improve the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agents by enhancing solubility, providing protection, facilitating intracellular transport, and enabling sustained and controlled release. This mini-review summarizes the recent advances in systemic delivery of ginsenosides using liposomes, micelles, albumin-based nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles, as well as local delivery of ginsenosides by electronspun fibrous membranes and hydrogels.

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming a ubiquitous technology of the looming industry-4.0 era. However, progress of adopting intelligent automation of systems is limited by hardware overhead such as throughput, power consumption, and latency. At a conceptual level, electronics is at the end of its scaling law and alternative accelerators are sought after. Optical co-processors offer a high-degree of algorithmic homomorphism to implement general matrix-matrix multiplication operations via on-the-fly multiplication performed by electro-optic components, and accumulation operations performed by photodetectors. However, recent emerging photonic AI engines are cumbersome to program, follow overhead-heavy scaling laws, or rely on discretely-packaged photonic components, all reducing performance. Here we introduce a photonic tensor core processor featuring a complete chip-integrated multiply-accumulate engine on the photonic circuits, signal parallelism via wavelength division multiplexing, and tunable 5-bit electronic programmable weights, all integrated into a small-formfactor silicon photonics platform. This approach shows a high throughput-efficiency AI engine (0.21 TOPS/W). Using this stand-alone hybrid photonic-electronic machine learning accelerator, we demonstrate versatile applications including low-error image filtering and edge detection, augmented reality, and high-accuracy machine learning image classification tasks. This hybrid electronic-photonic tensor processor offers a versatile low-overhead and compact formfactor solution for extreme edge AI applications, but also can be utilized for in-cloud machine learning training tasks.

Depression is a neuropsychiatric disease that threatens the physical and mental health of humans worldwide. This study explored the potential anti-depressant effects of ginsenoside Rh4 and its mechanisms of action. The results showed that Rh4 could significantly inhibit depression-like behavior in the depression mouse model and alleviate neuronal damage and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis disorder. Concurrently, Rh4 inhibits hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and synaptic structural damage due to the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines and overactivation of microglia and astrocytes by inhibiting the immune-inflammatory response and signaling molecular interaction pathways. Rh4 can also improve intestinal flora and increase the short-chain fatty-acids content. The correlation analysis indicated that the Rh4-inhibited LPS/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway plays a key role in ameliorating depression. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights into the mode of action of Rh4 on the brain-gut axis in depression, suggesting that Rh4 may be a promising clinical drug for the treatment of depression.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are new oral drugs for the therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research in the past decade has shown that drugs of the SGLT2i class, such as empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin, have pleiotropic effects in preventing cardiovascular diseases beyond their favorable impact on hyperglycemia. Of clinical relevance, recent landmark cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated that SGLT2i reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiovascular death in T2DM patients with/without cardiovascular diseases (including atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and various types of heart failure). The major pharmacological action of SGLT2i is through inhibiting glucose re-absorption in the kidney and thus promoting glucose excretion. Studies in experimental models of atherosclerosis have shown that SGLT2i ameliorate the progression of atherosclerosis by mechanisms including inhibition of vascular inflammation, reduction in oxidative stress, reversing endothelial dysfunction, reducing foam cell formation and preventing platelet activation. Here, we summarize the anti-atherosclerotic actions and mechanisms of action of SGLT2i, with an aim to emphasize the clinical utility of this class of agents in preventing the insidious cardiovascular complications accompanying diabetes.

Precision medicine, a popular treatment strategy, has become increasingly important to the development of targeted therapy. To correlate medical imaging with prognostic and genomic data, researches in radiomics and radiogenomics have provided many pre-defined image features to describe image information quantitatively or qualitatively. However, in previous researches, there are only statistical results which prove high correlation among multi-source medical data, but those can’t give intuitive and visual result. In this paper, a deep learning based radiogenomic framework is provided to construct the linkage from lung tumor images to genomic data and implement generation process in turn, which form a bi-direction framework to map multi-source medical data. The imaging features are extracted from autoencoder under the condition of genomic data. It can obtain much more relevant features than traditional radiogenomic methods. Finally, we use generative adversarial network to transform genomic data onto tumor images, which gives a cogent result to explain the linkage between them. As a result, our framework provides a deep learning method to do radiogenomic researches more functionally and intuitively.

We report a single crystal of Dy0.75Nd0.25FeO3 by optical floating zone method. This well-grown single crystal displays threefold spin reorientation transition from Γ4 (GxAyFz) to a mix state of Γ4 and Γ2 (FxCyGz), then to Γ1 (AxGyCz), finally to Γ2 (FxCyGz) below 30 K. The phenomenon of threefold spin reorientation transition has not reported in rare earth orthoferrites, even barely in other compounds with spin reorientation transition. Besides, this bulk single crystal also displays a field induced spin switching transition. These distinguished responses in the single crystal present an opportunity to future application in magnetic devices of the emerging field of spintronics.

A novel solid bacterial cellulose/cotton fibers (BCF) composite with a sandwich-like structure as active and intelligent food packaging was formed in situ. BCF or bacterial cellulose (BC) films were vacuum dried and different concentrations of curcumin were absorbed in the films. Scanning electron microscopy showed cotton fibers were combined with BC, and formed a sandwich-like structure. The elongation at break, water solubility, swelling degree, thermal stability, UV barrier property and antioxidant property of films were increased with the cotton fibers in the films. For studying the interaction between solid support and curcumin, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were conducted. Curcumin was successfully doped into solid support films. With the addition of curcumin, the water solubility, tensile strength and swelling degree of films decreased, while elongation at break, thermal stability and UV barrier property increased. When the concentration of curcumin was the same, BCF based films presented improved antioxidant property and more visible color changes than BC based films. The BCF-curcumin films exhibited a color change from bright yellow to brownness with pH variations ranging from 7 to 10. These results indicated that BCF-curcumin films have the ability to be utilized as an active and intelligent food packaging.

We report the interesting magnetic phase transitions of the rare earth doped single crystal Nd0.7Sm0.3FeO3. Temperature and magnetic field dependences of magnetizations are studied in detail, type Ⅰ spin switching under zero field cooling (ZFC) process at a temperature of 137 K and spin reorientation (SR) transition in the temperature region of 260 K–307 K are observed. Significantly, even though the undoped NdFeO3 and SmFeO3 only exhibit type Ⅰ spin switching, by field cooled and measured while warming (FCW) process, a rare earth doping induced type Ⅱ spin switching under very low field in this Nd0.7Sm0.3FeO3 single crystal was observed, which can be manipulated by magnetic field and even occur near room temperature at 273 K. Interestingly, at 4 K the M-H relationship shows a two-step magnetization process, it shows two different ferromagnetic magnetization processes, with an interval of antiferromagnetic process. This suggests the field induced magnetic configuration transition before and after the antiferromagnetic spin configuration interval, indicating intriguing magnetic transition and deep 3d-4f interaction information in the rare earth orthoferrites. The near room temperature type II spin switching coexist with its spin reorientation transition, and the field induced spin switching with very low triggering filed, may have future potential applications in magnetic devices.

Osteochondral defects are most commonly characterized by damages to both cartilage and underlying subchondral bone tissues, thus developing bi-layered scaffold that can concurrently regenerate these two specific lineages becomes challenge. In this study, the highly biomimetic bi-layered scaffolds were successfully prepared using human-like-collagen (HLC), hyaluronan (HA) and nano hydroxyapatite (HAP) particles, combined with “liquid phase synthesis” technology, freeze-drying and chemical cross-linking techniques, which was simulated the composition of natural extracellular matrix to repair osteochondral defects. This novel bilayer osteochondral graft had a seamlessly integrated layer structure, suitable pore size, high levels of porosity, and excellent mechanical properties. In vitro cell experiments of the bilayer scaffold indicated that the scaffold could promote the proliferation and adhesion of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo osteochondral defects and micro-CT experiment revealed that bilayer scaffolds showed complete closure of the defect. Histology confirmed collagen and glycosaminoglycans were deposited in the new matrix of hyaline cartilage and bone in the bilayer scaffold group. Therefore, the developed bionic bilayer scaffold enhanced the regeneration of hyaline cartilage through subchondral bone formation and lateral host-tissue integration. In conclusion, this bilayer scaffold based on HLC could be used as the desired strategy for osteochondral defects regeneration.

The retention-of-state functionality provided by memories is fundamental to any Turing machine and neural network, hence is critical for any information system today. While emerging optical machine learning accelerators and photonic neuromorphic computing paradigms provide promising signal processing and computing performance, the lack of a photon-photon force in the universe makes storing optical information challenging. Fortunately, phase change materials provide such a missing memristive nonvolatile function via their reconfigurable crystalline structure and allow for rapid optical READ paradigms. However, demonstrations of photonic memory are limited by high optical loss, low state-cyclability, and rely on cumbersome non-CMOS like optical programmability. To overcome all three shortcomings and unlock the full potential of optical information storage and access, here we introduce a photonic random-access memory featuring vanishing low optical loss, demonstrate more than half a million switching cycles, a 100x improvement over state-of-art, and realize electrical programmability on-chip. The exceedingly low optical absorption (0.0015 dB/μm) is achieved via a novel broadband transparent phase change material, Ge2Sb2Se5 integrated atop a nanophotonic waveguide of a silicon chip. We show a highly efficient signal modulation (0.2 dB/μm) achieved by realizing a newly designed paired micro-heaters along both sides of waveguide, which allows for electronic-standard programmability of these photonic memories. When interrogated by an optical beam, they offer picosecond-short memory READ latency. Furthermore, we demonstrate a partial amorphization scheme realizing multi-state memory levels on a single heater enhancing footprint efficiency. Lastly, we verify the energy and switching speed and show how each trades-off with heater-to-waveguide proximity and signal strength, respectively. Such as CMOS-near electronically programmed and optical read photonic random-access memory with low-optical loss yet efficient programmability can become a crucial building block for network edge AI system of the looming industry 4.0 era.

Sugar efflux from host plants is essential for pathogen survival and proliferation. Sugar transporter-mediated redistribution of host sugar contributes to the outcomes of plant-pathogen interactions. However, few studies have focused on how sugar translocation is strategically manipulated during host colonization. To elucidate this question, the wheat sugar transport protein (STP) TaSTP3 responding to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) infection was characterized for sugar transport properties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its potential role during Pst infection by RNA interference and overexpression in wheat. In addition, the transcription factors regulating TaSTP3 expression were further determined. The results showed that TaSTP3 is localized to the plasma membrane and functions as a sugar transporter of hexose and sucrose. TaSTP3 confers enhanced wheat susceptibility to Pst, and overexpression of TaSTP3 resulted in increased sucrose accumulation and transcriptional suppression of defense-related genes. Furthermore, TaWRKY19, TaWRKY61 and TaWRKY82 were identified as positive transcriptional regulators of TaSTP3 expression. Our findings reveal that the Pst-induced sugar transporter TaSTP3 is transcriptionally activated by TaWRKY19/61/82 and facilitates wheat susceptibility to stripe rust possibly through elevated sucrose concentration, and suggest TaSTP3 as a strong target for engineering wheat resistance to stripe rust.