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54. Hospitalization Costs of Respiratory Diseases Attributable to Temperature in the Context of Climate Change in Australia

Author

Tong, Michael, primary, Wondmagegn, Berhanu, additional, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Varghese, Blesson, additional, Xiao, Jianguo, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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60. Healthcare Costs of Emergency Department Presentations Related to Heatwave Intensity and Severity

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, primary, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Varghese, Blesson Mathew, additional, Xiao, Alex, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Tong, Michael, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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62. Understanding the Impacts of Temperature on Hospital Admissions, Length of Stay, and Related Healthcare Costs under the Changing Climate

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, primary, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Xiao, Alex, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Tong, Michael, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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63. Impact of heatwave intensity using excess heat factor on emergency department presentations and related healthcare costs in Adelaide, South Australia

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., primary, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Varghese, Blesson M., additional, Xiao, Alex, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Tong, Michael, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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65. Beam space generalized sidelobe canceller algorithm based on particle swarm optimization.

Author

LI Haoyang, XIANG Jianjun, PENG Fang, WANG Shuai, and LI Zhijun

Subjects
PARTICLE swarm optimization, MEAN square algorithms, ERROR functions
Abstract

In view of the large amount of computation of the generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) algorithm, there are problems of high sidelobe and poor robustness in beamforming. A method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. Firstly, an optimized adaptive conversion matrix is established to transform the signal processing process from array element space to beam space, and the computational complexity of the algorithm is reduced by reducing the degree of freedom. Secondly, the minimum mean square error fitness function is constructed, and the compression factor PSO algorithm is used in the beam space. The correlation of the received data is used to reduce the error with the desired signal and reduce the beam sidelobe. The proposed algorithm not only reduces the amount of calculation, but also solves the problem of too high beam sidelobe. It has good beamforming ability and good robustness under the conditions of low snapshot and strong interference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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67. Emergency department visits and associated healthcare costs attributable to increasing temperature in the context of climate change in Perth, Western Australia, 2012–2019

Author

Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, primary, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, additional, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Xiao, Jianguo, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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68. Increasing impacts of temperature on hospital admissions, length of stay, and related healthcare costs in the context of climate change in Adelaide, South Australia

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., primary, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Dear, Keith, additional, Williams, Susan, additional, Hansen, Alana, additional, Pisaniello, Dino, additional, Nitschke, Monika, additional, Nairn, John, additional, Scalley, Ben, additional, Xiao, Alex, additional, Jian, Le, additional, Tong, Michael, additional, Bambrick, Hilary, additional, Karnon, Jonathan, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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69. Impact of heatwave intensity using excess heat factor on emergency department presentations and related healthcare costs in Adelaide, South Australia

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., Xiang, Jianjun, Dear, Keith, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Pisaniello, Dino, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Scalley, Ben, Varghese, Blesson M., Xiao, Alex, Jian, Le, Tong, Michael, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, Bi, Peng, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., Xiang, Jianjun, Dear, Keith, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Pisaniello, Dino, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Scalley, Ben, Varghese, Blesson M., Xiao, Alex, Jian, Le, Tong, Michael, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, and Bi, Peng

Abstract

Background: The health impacts of heatwaves are a growing public health concern with the frequency, intensity, and duration of heatwaves increasing with global climate change. However, little is known about the healthcare costs and the attributable morbidity associated with heatwaves Objective This study aims to examine the relationship between heatwaves and costs of emergency department (ED) presentations, and to quantify heat-attributable burden during the warm seasons of 2014–2017, in Adelaide, South Australia. Methods: Daily data on ED presentations and associated costs for the period 2014–2017 were obtained from the South Australian Department of Health and Wellbeing. Heatwave intensity was determined using the excess heat factor (EHF) index, obtained from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to quantify the cumulative risk of heatwave-intensity over a lag of 0–7 days on ED presentations and costs. Effects of heatwaves were estimated relative to no heatwave. The number of ED presentations and costs attributable to heatwaves was calculated separately for two EHF severity categories (low-intensity and severe/extreme heatwaves). Subgroup analyses by disease-diagnosis groups and age categories were performed. Results: For most disease diagnosis and age categories, low-intensity and severe heatwaves were associated with higher rates of ED presentations and costs. We estimated a total of 1161 (95% empirical confidence interval (eCI): 342, 1944) heatwave-attributable all-cause ED presentations and associated healthcare costs (thousands) of AU$1020.3 (95% eCI: 224.9, 1804.7) during the warm seasons of 2014–2017. The heat-related illness was the disease category contributing most to ED presentations and costs. Age groups 0–14 and ≥ 65 years were most susceptible to heat. Conclusions: Heatwaves produced a statistically significant case-load and cost burden to the ED. Developing tailored interventions for the most vul

Published
2021

70. Emergency department visits and associated healthcare costs attributable to increasing temperature in the context of climate change in Perth, Western Australia, 2012-2019

Author

Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, Xiang, Jianjun, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Dear, Keith, Pisaniello, Dino, Xiao, Jianguo, Jian, Le, Scalley, Ben, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, Bi, Peng, Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Yazew, Xiang, Jianjun, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Dear, Keith, Pisaniello, Dino, Xiao, Jianguo, Jian, Le, Scalley, Ben, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, and Bi, Peng

Abstract

Increasing temperature and its impact on population health is an emerging significant public health issue in the context of climate change in Australia. While previous studies have primarily focused on risk assessment, very few studies have evaluated heat-attributable emergency department (ED) visits and associated healthcare costs, or projected future health and economic burdens. This study used a distributed lag non-linear model to estimate heat attributable ED visits and associated healthcare costs from 13 hospitals in Perth, Western Australia, and to project the future healthcare costs in 2030s and 2050s under three climate change scenarios - Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs)2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. There were 3697 ED visits attributable to heat (temperatures above 20.5 C) over the study period 2012-2019, accounting for 4.6% of the total ED visits. This resulted in AU$ 2.9 million in heat-attributable healthcare costs. The number of ED visits projected to occur in the 2030s and 2050s ranges from 5707 to 9421 under different climate change scenarios, which would equate to AU$ 4.6-7.6 million in heat associated healthcare costs. The heat attributable fraction for ED visits and associated healthcare costs would increase from 4.6% and 4.1% in 2010s to 5.0%-6.3% and 4.4%-5.6% in 2030s and 2050s, respectively. Future heat attributable ED visits and associated costs will increase in Perth due to climate change. Excess heat will generate a substantial population health challenge and economic burdens on the healthcare system if there is insufficient heat adaptation. It is vital to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, develop heat-related health interventions and optimize healthcare resources to mitigate the negative impact on the healthcare system and population health in the face of climate change.

Published
2021

71. Increasing impacts of temperature on hospital admissions, length of stay, and related healthcare costs in the context of climate change in Adelaide, South Australia

Author

Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., Xiang, Jianjun, Dear, Keith, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Pisaniello, Dino, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Scalley, Ben, Xiao, Alex, Jian, Le, Tong, Michael, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, Bi, Peng, Wondmagegn, Berhanu Y., Xiang, Jianjun, Dear, Keith, Williams, Susan, Hansen, Alana, Pisaniello, Dino, Nitschke, Monika, Nairn, John, Scalley, Ben, Xiao, Alex, Jian, Le, Tong, Michael, Bambrick, Hilary, Karnon, Jonathan, and Bi, Peng

Abstract

Background: A growing number of studies have investigated the effect of increasing temperatures on morbidity and health service use. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the temperature-attributable cost burden. Objectives: This study examines the relationship of daily mean temperature with hospital admissions, length of hospital stay (LoS), and costs; and estimates the baseline temperature-attributable hospital admissions, and costs and in relation to warmer climate scenarios in Adelaide, South Australia. Method: A daily time series analysis using distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) was used to explore exposure-response relationships and to estimate the aggregated burden of hospital admissions for conditions associated with temperatures (i.e. renal diseases, mental health, diabetes, ischaemic heart diseases and heat-related illnesses) as well as the associated LoS and costs, for the baseline period (2010–2015) and different future climate scenarios in Adelaide, South Australia. Results: During the six-year baseline period, the overall temperature-attributable hospital admissions, LoS, and associated costs were estimated to be 3915 cases (95% empirical confidence interval (eCI): 235, 7295), 99,766 days (95% eCI: 14,484, 168,457), and AU$159 million (95% eCI: 18.8, 269.0), respectively. A climate scenario consistent with RCP8.5 emissions, and including projected demographic change, is estimated to lead to increases in heat-attributable hospital admissions, LoS, and costs of 2.2% (95% eCI: 0.5, 3.9), 8.4% (95% eCI: 1.1, 14.3), and 7.7% (95% eCI: 0.3, 13.3), respectively by mid-century. Conclusions: There is already a substantial temperature-attributable impact on hospital admissions, LoS, and costs which are estimated to increase due to climate change and an increasing aged population. Unless effective climate and public health interventions are put into action, the costs of treating temperature-related admissions will be high.

Published
2021

73. Target tracking algorithm based on a new steepest descent method.

Author

WANG Shuai, XIANG Jianjun, PENG Fang, and TANG Shujuan

Subjects
TRACKING algorithms, RADAR signal processing, RADAR targets, SURVEILLANCE radar, TRACKING radar, AIR defenses
Abstract

The radar target tracking filtering algorithm is an important part of radar signal processing, which plays an important role in air defense early warning, battlefield surveillance, missile guidance and other fields. This paper presents a target tracking algorithm based on a new steepest descent method. Firstly, a motion model based on the improved polynomial fitting model is established, and then a new steepest descent method is used to solve the optimal parameters of the motion model. The real-time optimal motion model is used to predict and track the moving target, and the regularization idea is used to remove the influence of noise. The simulation results show that the algorithm has higher accuracy, less computation and better real-time performance m the case of maneuvering and non-maneuvering targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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80. Beamforming against main lobe interference based on radial basis function neural network

Author

Li Zhijun, Haoyang Li, Xiang Jianjun, Wang Shuai, and Peng Fang

Subjects
Beamforming, History, Main lobe, Radial basis function neural, Computer science, Interference (wave propagation), Topology, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the performance of traditional beamforming algorithm deteriorates sharply in the presence of main lobe interference, a beamforming algorithm based on radial basis function (RBF) neural network is proposed. Firstly, the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) is used to solve the optimal beam pattern in the presence of side lobe interference. Then, the training set of RBF neural network is constructed according to the optimal beam pattern and the direction information of main lobe interference to train the network, so that the trained RBF neural network can suppress the main lobe interference while maintaining the ability of optimal beamforming. The simulation results show that the method can overcome the limitations of traditional beamforming algorithm, suppress the main lobe interference and side lobe interference, and form the correct beam direction. At the same time, the algorithm also has good real-time performance.

Published
2021

87. Triazole-stabilized fluorescence sensor for highly selective detection of copper in tea and animal feed

Author

Suyan Qiu, Xiang Jianjun, Chen Qinglong, Linguang Luo, Dawen Zhang, Yihua Wei, Tianhua Tu, and Zhenyu Lin

Subjects
Metal ions in aqueous solution, chemistry.chemical_element, Mass spectrometry, Sensitivity and Specificity, 01 natural sciences, Fluorescence, Analytical Chemistry, Absorbance, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Limit of Detection, Organometallic Compounds, Fluorescent Dyes, Detection limit, Tea, 010401 analytical chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Triazoles, Animal Feed, 040401 food science, Copper, 0104 chemical sciences, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, chemistry, Metals, Amine gas treating, Selectivity, Food Analysis, Food Science, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

A triazole-stabilized fluorescence sensor is developed for copper detection in the study. Tris-(benzyltriazolylmethyl)amine (TBTA) is used to improve the sensitivity and stability for the sensing system. A series of comparative experiments are performed with and without TBTA. In the presence of TBTA, the fluorescence decrease ratio is enhanced from 2.46 to 118.25; the detection limit is reduced from 67 nM to 3.6 nM; the higher selectivity toward copper compared to the other metal ions is verified, including K+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Hg2+, Fe3+ and Cr3+. Besides, the sensing system is successfully applied for copper determination in complex tea samples and chicken feed samples with the recovery range of 91.67–116.8%. A good consistency between the presented sensor and the flame atom absorbance spectrometry (FAAS) is confirmed by the low relative errors with the range from −2.39% to 7.02%.

Published
2020

88. An optimization method of airborne radar and IRST cooperative location based on ridge regression

Author

Wu Jun, Shen Yi-chao, Peng Fang, and Xiang Jianjun

Subjects
Dilution of precision, Minimum-variance unbiased estimator, Radar tracker, Covariance matrix, Estimation theory, Position (vector), law, Computer science, Radar, Coefficient matrix, Algorithm, law.invention
Abstract

Aiming at the problem that precision decrease of parameter measurements in the airborne radar and IRST cooperative location system lead to low location accuracy under the interference condition, an optimization algorithm of cooperative location based on ridge regression is discussed. According to the data optimization principle, two sets of measurements from the angle observation of ridge and infrared are selected by the principle of selecting the data. Using ridge regression for biased estimation, solves the ill-posed problem of positioning equation. And the target position estimation and position error covariance matrix is calculated, so GDOP model of fusion location algorithmic is constructed through using weighted least square algorithm and improving weighted coefficient matrix. Simulation analysis shows that this method significantly can improve the location accuracy of the whole detection area by using a combination of the radar's spare information and IRST's under the minimum variance of parameter estimation. The problem of low location accuracy by using single angle measuring subset is solved and a new working mode is discussed that sensors' cooperative detection in complex electromagnetic environment.

Published
2018

89. Public health professionals’ perceptions of the capacity of China’s CDCs to address emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases

Author

Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, primary, Hansen, Alana, additional, Hanson-Easey, Scott, additional, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Cameron, Scott, additional, Liu, Qiyong, additional, Liu, Xiaobo, additional, Sun, Yehuan, additional, Weinstein, Philip, additional, Han, Gil-Soo, additional, Mahmood, Afzal, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2019
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93. Public health professionals' perceptions of the capacity of China's CDCs to address emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.

Author

Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, Hansen, Alana, Hanson-Easey, Scott, Xiang, Jianjun, Cameron, Scott, Liu, Qiyong, Liu, Xiaobo, Sun, Yehuan, Weinstein, Philip, Han, Gil-Soo, Mahmood, Afzal, and Bi, Peng

Subjects
PREVENTION of communicable diseases, PREVENTION of epidemics, PUBLIC health surveillance, STATISTICS, HEALTH education, CONFIDENCE, CONFIDENCE intervals, ATTITUDE (Psychology), CROSS-sectional method, MULTIPLE regression analysis, MULTIVARIATE analysis, PUBLIC health, MEDICAL personnel, FISHER exact test, SURVEYS, ORGANIZATIONAL effectiveness, RESEARCH funding, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, QUESTIONNAIRES, CHI-squared test, GOVERNMENT aid, JUDGMENT sampling, DATA analysis software, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Background China's capacity to control and prevent emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases is critical to the nation's population health. This study aimed to explore the capacity of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) in China to deal with infectious diseases now and in the future. Methods A survey was conducted in 2015 among 973 public health professionals at CDCs in Beijing and four provinces, to assess their capacity to deal with emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Results Although most professionals were confident with the current capacity of CDCs to cope with outbreaks, nearly all indicated more funding was required to meet future challenges. Responses indicated that Yunnan Province faced more challenges than Anhui, Henan and Liaoning Provinces in being completely prepared and able to deal with outbreaks. Participants aged 20–39 years were more likely than those aged 40 and over to believe strategies such as interdisciplinary and international collaborations for disease surveillance and control, would assist capacity building. Conclusion The capacity of China's CDCs to deal with infectious diseases was excellent. However, findings suggest it is imperative to increase the number of skilled CDC staff, financial support, and strengthen county level staff training and health education programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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94. 0128 The economic burden of occupational heat illnesses in adelaide, south australia, 2001-2015

Author

Xiang Jianjun, Pisaniello Dino, Bi Peng, and Hansen Alana

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, business.industry, Names of the days of the week, Psychological intervention, medicine.disease, 030210 environmental & occupational health, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Heat illness, Agriculture, Economic cost, Environmental health, Medicine, Positive relationship, business, Generalized estimating equation, Medical costs, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Objectives This study aims to investigate the characteristics of economic costs of occupational heat illnesses in South Australia, and to examine the association between high temperatures and occupational heat illness related economic costs. Methods Workers9 compensation claim data were obtained from SafeWork South Australia for the period of 2001–2015. Weather data were collected from the Bureau of Meteorology. The association between heat illness and economic loss was estimated by time-series analysis with generalized estimating equation models after controlling for day of week and long-term trends. Results There were 306 occupational heat illness claims during the study period, resulting in medical expenditure of $1,795,640 and 2,787 days of time loss. Male workers accounted for 87.8% and 82.5% of medical costs and time-lost days, respectively. The mining industry had the greatest proportion of medical expenditure (56.0%) and days off work due to heat illnesses (67.4%), followed by "community services" and "agriculture, forestry and fishing". There was a positive relationship between maximum temperature (Tmax), medical expenditure, and days of time lost. A 1°C increase of Tmax was associated with 18.5% (IRR 1.185, 95% CI 1.071–1.312) increase in medical expenditure and 34.6% (IRR 1.346, 95% CI 1.128–1.534) increase in time-lost days due to occupational heat illnesses, respectively. Conclusions Occupational heat related-illnesses represent a significant economic cost, and interventions in South Australia should be targeted at the mining industry.

Published
2017

97. Perceptions of malaria control and prevention in an era of climate change: a cross-sectional survey among CDC staff in China

Author

Tong, Michael Xiaoliang, primary, Hansen, Alana, additional, Hanson-Easey, Scott, additional, Cameron, Scott, additional, Xiang, Jianjun, additional, Liu, Qiyong, additional, Liu, Xiaobo, additional, Sun, Yehuan, additional, Weinstein, Philip, additional, Han, Gil-Soo, additional, Williams, Craig, additional, and Bi, Peng, additional

Published
2017
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98. Acoustic emission detection for mass fractions of materials based on wavelet packet technology

Author

Hongwei Hu, Xiang Hong Wang, Xie Wei, Xiang Jianjun, and Xiongbing Li

Subjects
Materials science, Wavelet, Microcrystalline, Acoustics and Ultrasonics, Acoustic emission, business.industry, Attenuation, Nondestructive testing, Acoustics, business, Mass fraction, Energy (signal processing), Wavelet packet decomposition
Abstract

Materials are often damaged during the process of detecting mass fractions by traditional methods. Acoustic emission (AE) technology combined with wavelet packet analysis is used to evaluate the mass fractions of microcrystalline graphite/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites in this study. Attenuation characteristics of AE signals across the composites with different mass fractions are investigated. The AE signals are decomposed by wavelet packet technology to obtain the relationships between the energy and amplitude attenuation coefficients of feature wavelet packets and mass fractions as well. Furthermore, the relationship is validated by a sample. The larger proportion of microcrystalline graphite will correspond to the higher attenuation of energy and amplitude. The attenuation characteristics of feature wavelet packets with the frequency range from 125 kHz to 171.85 kHz are more suitable for the detection of mass fractions than those of the original AE signals. The error of the mass fraction of microcrystalline graphite calculated by the feature wavelet packet (1.8%) is lower than that of the original signal (3.9%). Therefore, AE detection base on wavelet packet analysis is an ideal NDT method for evaluate mass fractions of composite materials.

Published
2014

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