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The Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring System (BOOTES) is a world-wide automatic telescope network which aims to repaid follow-up of transient and astrophysical sources in the sky for which the first station was installed in 1998. With the advent in 2015 of the LIGO/Virgo interferometers, as part of the new generation of detectors designed for the detection of the signal of gravitational waves, a new window to explore the Universe has been opened. Here we present the status of the BOOTES network, the related strategies regarding the follow-up of gravitational wave events and the developments in the Gravitational Wave Era. Some preliminary results regarding the BOOTES follow-up observations are presented.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive pulmonary vascular disease, which can cause right heart failure and even death in severe cases. Treprostinil is a stable prostacyclin analogue and a powerful drug for dilating pulmonary vessels. It can be administered in different ways, with a long half-life, good stability and is suited for diverse types of PAH. It is approved for the treatment of Group 1 PAH, but some studies show that treprostinil is effective in patients with Group 3 or Group 4 PAH. Therefore, this article will review the progress of evidence-based medicine evidence of traprostanil in the treatment of type 1, 3 and 4 pulmonary hypertension.肺动脉高压是一种进行性加重的肺血管疾病，严重时可引起右心衰竭进而导致患者死亡。曲前列尼尔是一种稳定的前列环素类似物，可强效扩张肺血管，可通过多种途径给药，且半衰期长，稳定性好，治疗范围广。目前临床上被批准用于1型肺动脉高压，但有文献报道曲前列尼尔在3、4型肺动脉高压患者中也有一定疗效。本文就曲前列尼尔治疗1、3、4型肺动脉高压循证医学证据的进展进行综述。.

本文报道2例因头部外伤后出现平衡不稳及听力障碍，并且在影像学表现为内耳部分区域出现迷路积气的患者。例1：患儿女，3岁，因“车祸伤后出现平衡不稳，无法直立4 h”入院。颞骨高分辨CT提示：右侧颞骨岩部横行骨折；内耳中见气泡影，考虑为颞骨骨折伴前庭内积气；听觉脑干诱发电位示双耳听力正常。给予抗感染、激素、营养神经等保守治疗好转后出院。出院后1个月随访，患儿的平衡不稳消失，听力无明显下降。例2：患者男，45岁，因“车祸伤后出现右耳聋、耳鸣、面瘫伴平衡不稳1周”来我院就诊。颞骨高分辨CT提示：颞骨骨折伴外半规管积气；内听道及面神经迷路段周围少许积气；纯音测听示右耳110 dB，极重度感音神经性聋。患者选择保守治疗，2个月后随访复查，患者外半规管积气仍存在，患者右耳仍为极重度耳聋，平衡不稳感无明显好转。.

This study aims to explore optimized teaching mode of cancer epidemiology for undergraduates, and provide scientific ideas and basis for improving teaching quality. Non-randomized concurrent control study was used. Undergraduates, enrolled in 2018, from the department of preventive medicine in A and B medical universities were selected as research objects. Traditional teaching mode was used for cancer epidemiology course in A medical university, and innovative teaching mode named "one core, four dimensions" was adopted in B medical university. After the course, questionnaire method was used to investigate self-cognition of students, teaching satisfaction and class preparation time of teachers in B Medical University. The post-class test method was used to compare the students' grades of cancer epidemiology in the two universities. The results indicated that among the 58 students of B medical university, 94.83% (55/58) students were familiar with common types of epidemiological studies and 86.21% (50/58) mastered the evaluation indicators of screening research. Among the nine teaching faculties from B medical university, seven reported that the new teaching plan helped students to learn frontier knowledge of cancer epidemiology, and eight reported the new teaching model was conducive to the interaction between teachers and students. The text score of students in B medical university was 50.34±4.90, significantly higher than that in A medical university (46.21±4.91,探讨适用本科生流行病学课程的优化教学模式，为提升教学质量提供科学思路和依据。本研究采用非随机同期对照设计，以选修肿瘤流行病学课程的A医科大学和B医科大学2018级预防医学系本科生作为研究对象，A医科大学肿瘤流行病学课程采用传统教学模式授课，B医科大学采用“一核四维”创新教学模式授课。课程结束后，采用问卷法对B医科大学学生课后自我认知、授课教师教学满意度和备课时间进行调查；采用课后测试方法比较两校学生肿瘤流行病学课程成绩差异。结果显示，在B医科大学58名学生中，94.83%（55/58）学生表示熟悉了常见的流行病学研究类型，86.21%（50/58）学生表示掌握了筛查研究的评价指标。在B医科大学9名授课教师中，7人表示新教案有助于学生学习肿瘤流行病学前沿进展知识，8人表示新型教学模式有助于师生之间的互动。采用新型教学模式的B医科大学学生课后测试成绩为（50.34±4.90）分，显著高于A医科大学学生成绩（46.21±4.91）分，差异有统计学意义（

Many risk factors associated with deep infections after primary shoulder arthroplasty remain controversial and have not yet been summarized. As such, the aim of the present study was to quantitatively summarize the risk factors associated with deep infections after primary shoulder arthroplasty.Computerized and additional manual searches on the Medline, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Cochrane central database for potential studies, published from inception to March 2022, were performed. All studies that assessed risk factors for deep infection after primary shoulder arthroplasty were selected without language restrictions. Eligible studies were required to fulfill quality assessment criteria from the Consort statement and to evaluate risk factors for deep infection after primary shoulder arthroplasty. Two reviewers independently extracted the relevant data, with disagreements resolved by consensus. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 11.0 (Statacorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA).Seven studies including 493,148 patients who underwent primary shoulder arthroplasty, among whom 1,314 experienced infection (0.3%), were eligible and included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis revealed that significantly increased risk factors for infection after primary shoulder arthroplasty included male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.79 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-2.60]), avascular necrosis (OR 2.64 [95% CI 1.61-4.34]), rotator cuff arthropathy (OR 2.14 [95% CI 1.55-2.95]), proximal humerus fracture (OR 2.68 [95% CI 1.93-3.73]), and non-union of humerus fracture (OR 5.32 [95% CI 3.52-8.02]). In contrast, advanced age was associated with a decreased likelihood for development of infection (OR 0.97 [95% CI 0.94-1]).Surgeons should devote close attention to the above-mentioned medical conditions to reduce deep infection after primary shoulder arthroplasty.

Chinese oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi Guérin-Méneville 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), is a traditional edible insect in China and is considered the edible insect with the highest potential. Information on the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the first modern improved strain of this silkworm, Qinghuang_1, is currently unavailable. Here, we determine the mitogenome of Qinghuang_1 by long PCR amplification followed by Illumina sequencing and then compare the resulting mitogenome with the five available mitogenomes of this species. The mitogenome of Qinghuang_1 is 15,573 bp in length and exhibits an identical gene organisation to known A. pernyi mitogenomes. The base A content of this mitogenome is higher than those of the other four strains but lower than that of the wild type. Sequence comparisons identified 200 single-nucleotide variants (1.28%) and 32 amino acid changes among the five inbred strains, indicating a considerable degree of nucleotide diversity in the mitogenomes of A. pernyi germplasm resources. The 3’ end of ND1 was identified as a hotspot in the A. pernyi mitogenome. Ka/Ks analysis indicated that all protein-coding genes evolved under negative selection except for ND5, which presented values larger than 1, suggesting that positive selection may act on this gene. The phylogenetic analyses confirmed the basal position of Qinghuang_1 among the inbred strains of A. pernyi. Our results indicated that the mitogenome is helpful for understanding the intraspecific phylogenetic relationships of A. pernyi and for its genetic improvement.

The COVID-19 outbreak is a global pandemic that has had caused a profound impact on social stability, economic development and national security, and has further evolved into a major public health crisis. The rapid research and development and efficient deployment of vaccines is one of the effective means to prevent and control the epidemic. This article reviews the primary features of current COVID-19 vaccines, simultaneously focus the clinical features of liver injury post-vaccination and explore its possible pathogenesis.新型冠状病毒肺炎的暴发及其引起的世界性大流行已经对全球社会稳定、经济发展和国家安全等产生了深刻的影响，并演变成为一场全球性的公共卫生方面的重大危机。快速、高效的疫苗研发并投入使用则是防控疫情的有效手段之一。现对目前新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗的主要特点进行综述，同时重点关注疫苗接种后引发肝损伤的临床特点并对其可能的致病机制进行探讨。.

ABSTRACT: Volume fracturing is a key technology for shale gas development. It connects hydraulic fractures and natural fractures to form a large-scale cross propped fracture network. The conductivity of cross propped fractures is the key to the effect of shale volume fracturing. Based on the Kozeny model, the conductivity of a single fracture is calculated, and the conductivity of the single fracture is corrected by experimental data, taking into account the effect of formation closure stress. Based on the similarity principle of hydropower, an evaluation model for the conductivity of cross propped fractures is proposed. On the basis of the numerical simulation results of proppant transportation, the factors affecting the conductivity of cross propped fractures are analyzed. The results show that the proppant falls at a low velocity into the narrow natural fracture, and then moves slowly forward in the form of a creep in the fracture, where it is transported for a short distance. For wide natural fractures, the proppant is suspended into the fracture at a greater velocity and transported over a longer distance, forming a "tall and long" proppant dune morphology. When the natural fracture width ratio increases, the proppant is placed more unevenly in the cross fractures, the seepage resistance of proppant dunes in hydraulic fractures gradually increases, the seepage resistance in natural fractures has no obvious change, the total seepage resistance of cross fracture is greater, and the conductivity of the fracture is smaller. The numerical calculation model is used to evaluate the conductivity of cross propped fractures, which provides theoretical guidance for the optimization of shale gas volume fracturing schemes. 1. INTRODUCTION As a kind of clean energy, Chinese shale gas will break through 2 × 1012 m3 and 200 × 108 m3 respectively in proven geological reserves and total annual production in 2020. Increasing shale gas exploration and development under the "dual carbon" target is an important guarantee to ensure energy security and alleviate environmental problems (Long et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2021). At present, the development of shale gas reservoirs at home and abroad usually adopts volume fracturing technology. Through the construction method of "fast injection velocity + large liquid volume + large sand volume", hydraulic fractures and natural fractures are connected, so as to realize the effective placement of proppant in the fractures, form large-scale cross propped fractures, and improves fluid seepage channels, thereby greatly increasing gas well productivity (Lu et al, 2019a; Lu et al., 2019b; Zhang, 2022).

1岁5月龄患儿以血常规三系减少、反复发热起病，肝脾进行性增大，骨髓病理提示造血细胞减少伴弥漫骨髓纤维化，排除恶性肿瘤等继发性原因，核型正常，无克隆异常，全外显子未检测出致病变异，未发现基因融合，诊断为原发性骨髓纤维化。脾切除术后，应用白消安、塞替哌为基础的清髓性预处理，脐带血造血干细胞移植成功。.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the abnormality and distribution of plasma cholesterol levels in single-center hospitalized children. METHODS: The blood lipid levels of children aged 2-18 years who had blood lipid test results in Peking University First Hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 were etrospectively analyzed. Cholesterol oxidase method was used for total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected by clearance method. The counting data were compared with chi-square test. RESULTS: The survey had involved 11 829 children (7 087 were boys and 4 742 were girls). 1 822 (15.4%) children were with elevated total cholesterol, 1 371 (11.6%) children with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 2 798 (23.7%) children with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction. The total number of the children with abnormal cholesterol levels was 4 427 (37.4%). Among the 7 835 children who visited hospital due to the disease not commonly inducing dyslipidemia, 731 (9.3%) had elevated TC, 561 (7.2%) had elevated LDL-C, 1 886 (24.1%) had decreased HDL-C, and 2 576 (32.9%) had abnormal cholesterol levels. Among the children with different diseases, the difference in the incidence of abnormal cholesterol was statistically significant. The top three main groups of the children with increased total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were "dyslipidemia", "urinary tract disease", and "nutritional disease"; The top three main groups of the children with reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were "respiratory diseases", "dyslipidemia", "hematological diseases and malignant tumors". Among the 1 257 blood li-pid test results sent by other departments, 300 cases had abnormal cholesterol levels (23.8%). Among them, there were 70 children with hypercholesterolemia (5.6%), 44 children with increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.5%), and 224 children with reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (17.8%). There were 365 (4.6%) children with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L) who needed to further exclude familiar hypercholesterolemia among the children who visited hospitals due to the disease not commonly inducing dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION: Children in hospitals have a high incidence of cholesterol abnormalities. Doctors need to pay more attention to the cholesterol diagnosis and management regardless of the discipline, which not only helps to control secondary hypercholesterolemia, but also provides the possibility of detecting familial hypercholesterolemia in time.

The ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow-neutron-capture process in asymptotic giant branch stars and for the intermediate process. Direct measurements at astrophysical energies in above-ground laboratories are hindered by the extremely small cross sections and vast cosmic-ray-induced background. We performed the first consistent direct measurement in the range of E_{c.m.}=0.24 to 1.9 MeV using the accelerators at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory and Sichuan University. Our measurement covers almost the entire intermediate process Gamow window in which the large uncertainty of the previous experiments has been reduced from 60% down to 15%, eliminates the large systematic uncertainty in the extrapolation arising from the inconsistency of existing datasets, and provides a more reliable reaction rate for the studies of the slow-neutron-capture and intermediate processes along with the first direct determination of the alpha strength for the near-threshold state.

子宫内膜异位症（内异症）是育龄期女性的常见病、慢性病，是雌激素依赖性疾病，是进展型的疾病。随着近年来内异症临床研究和基础研究的不断深入，对内异症的认识也在不断地更新。新的诊治观念包括提高对内异症的认识，早诊断早治疗，以延缓疾病的进展；根据不同的临床问题、不同的年龄阶段进行分层处理，综合评估，选择适宜的治疗方法，掌握手术指征，规范手术操作；保护卵巢功能，促进妊娠；术后长期管理，减少复发，改善生活质量；强调手术治疗的优缺点，手术决策需权衡各种风险及获益；强调药物管理在长期管理中的意义以及对恶变问题的警惕和对患者的教育等。.

本文报道了蚌埠医学院第一附属医院收治的1例颅颌面多发性骨巨细胞修复性肉芽肿病例。患者女性，21岁，以面部不对称半年余入院，初步诊断为下颌骨囊肿，进一步影像学检查发现患者枕骨、蝶骨、颞骨、下颌骨体部和髁状突多发性海绵样改变，于全身麻醉下行下颌骨病灶刮治术，术后病理为巨细胞修复性肉芽肿。术后患者面型较前无明显变化，随访12个月影像学显示下颌骨病灶区较之前有新生骨质形成。.

Fluorine is one of the most interesting elements in nuclear astrophysics, where the ^{19}F(p,α)^{16}O reaction is of crucial importance for Galactic ^{19}F abundances and CNO cycle loss in first generation Population III stars. As a day-one campaign at the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experimental facility, we report direct measurements of the essential ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction channel. The γ-ray yields were measured over E_{c.m.}=72.4-344 keV, covering the Gamow window; our energy of 72.4 keV is unprecedentedly low, reported here for the first time. The experiment was performed under the extremely low cosmic-ray-induced background environment of the China JinPing Underground Laboratory, one of the deepest underground laboratories in the world. The present low-energy S factors deviate significantly from previous theoretical predictions, and the uncertainties are significantly reduced. The thermonuclear ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction rate has been determined directly at the relevant astrophysical energies.

Spectroscopy has been applied in monitoring soil nutrient concentrations. Two types of soil samples, sandy loam and silty loam, were selected as the research objects. The UV-visible near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy data and total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (FK), and slowly available potassium (SK) concentrations were measured. We compared the prediction results within and between two different types of soil with regard to the soil nutrient concentrations using four modeling methods, which were principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) models. In the prediction results within a given type of soil, LS-SVM and PLSR had better stability. In the prediction results of different types of soil, BPNN and LS-SVM had a high accuracy in most soil nutrient concentrations. By comparing different modeling methods, this study provides a basis for the subsequent selection of suitable models based on spectral technology to establish various soil nutrient models.

The spark plasma sintering and conventional sintering methods were used to prepare the Sr/Mg–codoped Na0.5Bi0.48Sr0.02Ti0.96Mg0.04O2.95 (NBT-SM) compounds. By the AC impedance spectrum test, the grain and total conductivity of NBT-SM sample sintered by the spark plasma sintering method (NBT-SM-SPS) at 673 K can reach 1.23 mS/cm and 0.478 mS/cm, respectively. The grain conductivity of NBT-SM-SPS sample is around 4.2 times higher than that of NBT-SM sample prepared by the conventional sintering method (NBT-SM-CS). There is higher mobile oxygen vacancy concentration and vacancy mobility capability in the NBT-SM-SPS sample, which is the reason that there is higher oxygen ion conductivity in NBT-SM-SPS sample. The aging behavior investigation was carried out at 573 K. After 48 h aging, there is around 12.3% degradation of the grain conductivity in the NBT-SM-SPS sample. The conductivity degradation should result from the decrease of the oxygen vacancy mobility capability and mobile vacancy concentration.

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to perform a retrospective review of the lesion sites in congenital middle-ear cholesteatoma and any accompanying ossicular defects, as well as to explore the possible aetiology of congenital middle-ear cholesteatoma associated with such ossicular chain defects.MethodThe clinical characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of ossicular chain defects were investigated in 10 patients with early-stage congenital middle-ear cholesteatoma confirmed by surgery, from August 2011 to February 2019.ResultsMonofocal cholesteatoma was located in the anterosuperior quadrant in 3 cases and in the posterosuperior quadrant in 7 cases; all 10 cases showed an absence of the long crus of incus, and 8 cases showed a complete or partial absence of stapes superstructure. The lesions were confined to the vestibular window and the stapes region and had no contact with the long crus of the incus or stapes in nine cases. None of the 10 patients had any recurrence of cholesteatoma.ConclusionAlthough cholesteatoma can cause erosion of ossicles, the present cases suggest that residual epithelium of the cholesteatoma may coexist with ossicular malformations. Therefore, the aetiology of the clinical characteristics in these patients may derive from residual epithelial hinderance of ossicle development.

This study was probed to uncover the mechanism of miR-142-5p in septic liver injury.In this study, in-vitro and in-vivo models of sepsis were used. For in-vitro sepsis model, hepatocyte cell line (L02 cells) was treated with LPS (lipopolysaccharide). Whereas for in-vivo sepsis model, cecal ligation and puncture were performed in mice. Mice were assigned into three groups: control, CLP (Cecal Ligation Puncture), CLP + miR-142-5p inhibitor group. Liver injury was assessed via HE staining. IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β expressions were assayed through ELISA kits. C-caspase-9, C-caspase-3, ERK, p65, and IκBα expressions were determined via western blot and RT-qPCR. Apoptosis in LPS-induced L02 cells was detected by TUNEL staining.Our results show that miR-142-5p exhibited perspicuous upregulation in CLP mice tissues and LPS-induced L02 cells. On the other hand, inhibition of miR-142-5p could promote LPS-induced L02 cell activity and reduce apoptosis and inflammation. In terms of molecular mechanism, downregulation of miR-142-5p could abate sepsis-mediated acute hepatic injury by targeting SOCS1, through ERK and NF-κB pathway.Overall our results demonstrate that miR-142-5p inhibitors can mitigate septic liver injury by downregulating the inflammation and apoptosis via targeting SOCS1. Thus, miR-142-5p can serve a potential therapeutic target for sepsis mediated acute hepatic injury.

The corrosion resistance of the free surface (FS) and roller surface (RS) of Fe