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A modified application of collar n cuff is demonstrated. This can provide additional support to the shoulder, particularly preventing external rotation.

This report provides quantitative information on offender gambling behavior according to the Visher and Travis’s (2003) stages of correctional process. A group of 64 male, mostly Caucasian, adult probationers and parolees at a Utah community correctional center (halfway house) voluntarily completed two brief questionnaires to assess their gambling behaviors. All participants had been incarcerated in jail or prison for at least six months prior to their current placement. The sample represented individuals who had been convicted of various crimes, including sexual offenses, substance abuse, violence, and property crimes (participants were not subdivided according to crime categories for this report).

Biological data on three species of Pseudolasius (Formicinae) provide new circumstantial evidence on the codispersal of these ants with their trophobionts, in this case Tetraneura nigriabdominalts (Aphididae) and to a lesser extent, Paracoccus sp. (Pseudococcidae).

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the Monte Carlo applications to thermal and chemical denaturation experiments of nucleic acids and proteins. Information about the states of systems must often be extracted indirectly, from the measurements of properties, considered characteristic of these states. However, even for systems, with stable, well-defined states, the ability to determine the true value of any property is complicated by errors in the measurement process. Statistical fluctuations due to processes on the molecular scale may further obfuscate attempts to determine the most likely (probable) value of the property under consideration. As an example of this process, the chapter considers the measurement of the absorbance of a ribonucleic acid (RNA) solution under constant solution conditions (constant temperature, pH, salt concentration, and nucleic acid concentration). Nucleic acid structural transitions are commonly monitored, by absorbance measurements, in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, from which the changes in species fractions can be extracted and enthalpy, entropy, and free-energy changes of unfolding calculated.

RNA hairpins with loops of either ten or eight nucleotides, or seven nucleotides with (ethylene glycol)n spacers, have been compared in experiments that measure the NaCl dependence of their thermodynamic properties. In 1 M NaCl, the eight-nucleotide RNA hairpin/loop has the most favorable folding free energy (delta G degree = -8.6 kcal/mol), while the RNAs containing the spacers are considerably more unstable (delta G degree = -5.2 to -5.7 kcal/mol); for these RNA/linker species, there are compensating reductions in favorable entropy and unfavorable enthalpy of the helix-coil transition. Preferential interaction coefficients (delta IN) determined from analyses of melting transitions as a function of NaCl concentration are compared to determine the effect of the ethylene glycol on differential ion association. While the difference in ion association to the helix and coil states of the fully RNA molecules follows prediction, the RNAs with linkers do not, indicating that the description of their native and/or denatured state has changed.

In view of a possible future physics programme concerning antihydrogen a simplified scheme for the provision of antiprotons of a few MeV has been studied. It uses the present target area and the modified Antiproton Collector (AC) in its present location. In this report all the systems are reviewed and their modifications discussed.

Summary BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Degradation of AVP by placental vasopressinase may precipitate gestational diabetes insipidus, which in some cases is accompanied by pre-eciampsia. Abnormally elevated vasopressinase has also been reported in pre-eciampsia without diabetes Insipidus. This association between excessive vasopressinase production and pre-eciampsia might be explained if the products of AVP degradation by vasopressinase retained pressor activity even after anti-diuretic activity had been destroyed. Recent evidence indicates that such products may raise blood pressure in rats. The objective of this study was, therefore, to purify vasopressinase and investigate its action on both the V1 and V2 receptor-stimulating activity of AVP. DESIGN Vasopressinase was purified from pooled pregnancy serum by ammonium sulphate precipitation, followed by sequential Ion exchange, lentil lectin affinity and gel filtration chromatography. Purified enzyme was then used to degrade AVP and the loss of both immunoreactivity and biological activity monitored. Loss of V1 receptor-stimulating activity and V2 receptor-stimulating activity was compared by two-way ANOVA. PATIENTS Blood was obtained from healthy women between week 34 and the end of pregnancy. Pooled serum from 20–30 patients was used as starting material for the purification of vasopressinase. MEASUREMENTS AVP immunoreactivity was measured by radioimmunoassay, V1 receptor-stimulating activity by a platelet aggregation bioassay, and V2 receptor-stimulating activity by adenylate cyclase stimulation in LLC-PK1 target cells. RESULTS Purified vasopressinase was a dimeric protein of molecular weight 330 kDa, which cleaved the synthetic substrate S-benzyl-l-cystelne-4-nitroanilide with a Km of 0·33 mM. Incubation of AVP (0·1 mm) with vasopressinase (0·66 g/I) at 37°C led to a parallel loss of both AVP immunoreactivity and biological activity. The rates of loss of V1 and V2 receptor mediated activities were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS We report the first direct comparison between the loss of V1 and V2 receptor mediated activities of vasopresrinase degraded AVP. There was no significant retention of V1, relative to V2, receptor mediated activity. AVP degradation products are unlikely to be pathogenic in hypertensive pregnancy.