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This study compared face-to-face and videoconference private music lessons of one saxophone and two tuba students. One value of this study is the magnitude of the data analysis. More than 28,800 frames of digital video and verbatim scripts of all lessons were analyzed for time spent engaged in sequential patterns of instruction, performance, focus of attention, eye contact, and other nonverbal behaviors. Findings revealed teacher modeling occurred 28% more often (p less than 0.05) and off-task behaviors comprised 36% more time (p less than 0.01) during face-to-face lessons. Student performance increased more than 22% (p less than 0.05) and all eye contact increased during distance lessons. Overall, only a few differences were found for focus of attention and venue confining behaviors. Activities such as touching, instructors marking students' music, and pointing to specific places in the music occurred less than 1% of the time during face-to-face lessons. (Contains 2 tables.)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated increase in family care responsibilities resulted in unsustainable personal and professional workloads for infectious diseases (ID) faculty on the front lines. This was especially true for early-stage faculty (ESF), many of whom had caregiving responsibilities. In addition, female faculty, underrepresented in medicine and science faculty and particularly ESF, experienced marked declines in research productivity, which significantly impacts career trajectories. When combined with staffing shortages due to an aging workforce and suboptimal recruitment and retention in ID, these work-life imbalances have brought the field to an inflection point. We propose actionable recommendations and call on ID leaders to act to close the gender, racial, and ethnic gaps to improve the recruitment, retention, and advancement of ESF in ID. By investing in systemic change to make the ID workforce more equitable, we can embody the shared ideals of diversity and inclusion and prepare for the next pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wide range of coiled coil application underscores the need for topological control of designed peptides. The successful design of a stable, homodimeric, antiparellel coiled coil is reported.

Skull base osteomyelitis in the setting of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is rare and entails significant diagnostic challenges. We present a case of a 65-year-old Caucasian man with a history of rheumatoid arthritis, off immunosuppression for 18 months, who presented with 2 years of chronic headaches, severe fatigue, saddle nose deformity and 20-kilogram unintentional weight loss. Maxillofacial CT revealed an extensive destructive sinonasal and erosive skull base process. Laboratory evaluation showed equivocal elevation of antiproteinase 3 antibodies with negative antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody panel. Biopsy of the skull base/clivus revealed necrotising granulomatous inflammation with focal vasculitis consistent with GPA, and multiple bone cultures were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This patient was diagnosed concurrently with GPA and P. aeruginosa skull base osteomyelitis. He was started on a 6-week course of cefepime intravenously and oral prednisone, with the plan to initiate rituximab infusion 2 weeks after initiation of antibiotic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive study examined professional conductors’ use of rehearsal time in sequential pattern components, discussing task presentation targets, and using verbal imagery and modeling techniques. Commercially available videos of 15 professional conductors rehearsing prominent orchestras were scripted, coded, and timed for selected teaching behaviors. Results revealed that professional conductors spent a large amount of rehearsal time allowing the ensemble to perform, presenting musical information, and focusing on interpretational aspects of the music (especially dynamics and style). All the conductors used verbal modeling to some extent, and most used verbal imagery at some point in rehearsal. Preservice and practicing music educators/conductors may find these results to be beneficial when reflecting on and refining their own teaching skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a serious complication in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Antibiotic lock therapy (ALT) and ethanol lock therapy (ELT) can be used to prevent CRBSI episodes in high-risk patients.Methods: Following institutional review board approval, all patients enrolled in the Mayo Clinic HPN program from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2013, with catheter locking were eligible to be included. Patients without research authorization and <18 years old at the initiation of HPN were excluded. Total number of infections before and after ALT or ELT were estimated in all patients.Results: A total of 63 patients were enrolled during the study period. Of 59 eligible patients, 29 (49%) were female, and 30 (51%) were male. The median duration of HPN was 3.66 (interquartile range, 0.75-8.19) years. The mean age ± SD at initiation of HPN was 49.89 ± 14.07 years. A total of 51 patients were instilled with ALT, and 8 patients were instilled with ELT during their course of HPN. A total of 313 CRBSI episodes occurred in these patients, 264 before locking and 49 after locking ( P < .001). Rate of infection per 1000 catheter days was 10.97 ± 25.92 before locking and 1.09 ± 2.53 after locking ( P < .001).Discussion: The major findings of the present study reveal that ALT or ELT can reduce the overall rate of infections per 1000 catheter days. ALT or ELT can be used in appropriate clinical setting for patients receiving HPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a common complication in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN). Data regarding catheter salvage after a CRBSI episode are limited. We aimed to determine the incidence of CRBSI and rates of catheter salvage in adult patients receiving HPN.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively searched our prospectively maintained HPN database for the records of all adult patients receiving HPN from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2013, at our tertiary referral center. Data abstracted from the medical records included demographics, diseases, treatments, and outcomes. The incidence of CRBSI and rates of catheter salvage were determined.Results: Of 1040 patients identified, 620 (59.6%) were men. The median total duration on HPN was 124.5 days (interquartile range, 49.0-345.5 days). Mean (SD) age at HPN initiation was 53.3 (15.3) years. During the study period, 465 CRBSIs developed in 187 patients (18%). The rate of CRBSI was 0.64/1000 catheter days. Overall, 70% of catheters were salvaged (retained despite CRBSI) during the study period: 78% of infections with coagulase-negative staphylococci, 87% with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and 27% with methicillin-resistant S aureus. The percentage of catheters salvaged was 63% from 1990 to 1994, 63% from 1995 to 1999, 61% from 2000 to 2004, 72% from 2005 to 2009, and 76% from 2010 to 2013.Conclusion: Catheter salvage is possible after a CRBSI episode. Since most episodes of CRBSI are caused by skin commensals, effective treatment without removal of the central venous catheter is possible in most cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]