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Author(s): Polly R. Walker; Michael Worobey; Andrew Rambaut; Edward C. Holmes (corresponding author); Oliver G. Pybus The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa continues to grow at an [...]

To address the incongruence between the expectations of nursing service and education in California, the Education Industry Interface Task Force of the California Strategic Planning Committee for Nursing developed descriptions to assist employers and educators in clearly differentiating practice and educational competencies. The completion of the Competency-Based Role Differentiation Model resulted in the need to test the model for its utility in the service setting, in education, and for career planning for nurses. Three alpha demonstration sites were selected based on representative geographical regions of California. The sites were composed of tri-partnerships consisting of a medical center, an associate degree in nursing program, and a baccalaureate nursing program. Observers rated senior students and new graduates in medical-surgical units on their behaviors in teacher and leadership care provider and care coordinator roles. The alpha demonstration study results were as expected. That is, senior students practice predominantly at a novice level in teacher and management/leadership care provider functions and new graduates practice predominately at the competent level. New graduates are more likely to take on novice and competent care coordinator roles. The CBRDM may be useful for practice and education settings to evaluate student and nurse performance, to define role expectations, and to identify the preparation necessary for the roles. It is useful for all of nursing as it continues to define its levels of practice and their relationship to on-the-job performance, curriculum development, and career planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the community research, education and practice consortium established by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in July 2002. History of the consortium; Mission and scope of the consortium's work; Lessons learned in community research.

The article presents the poem "Sacred Stones," by Polly Walker. First Line: We lie broken, shattered, scattered; Last Line: We go back to the land, we go back to the land.

The article presents the poem "Wordsmiths," by Polly Walker. First Line: My table's gone; Last Line: I only came here for a muffin.

Reports on the emergence of backlash movements against established political, social and economic policies in Australia. Nature of backlash as primarily oppositional; Basis of backlash on lack of information rather than opposing philosophies; Analysis of backlash through reflexive modernity.

Systematic reviews have highlighted that repeated severe wasting after receiving treatment is likely to be common, but standardised measurement is needed urgently. The Council of Research & Technical Advice for Acute Malnutrition (CORTASAM) released recommendations on standard measurement of relapse (wasting within 6 months after exiting treatment as per recommended discharge criteria), regression (wasting within 6 months after exiting treatment before reaching recommended discharge criteria) and reoccurrence (wasting after 6 months of exit from treatment as per recommended discharge criteria). We provide a theoretical framework of post-treatment relapse and regression to severe wasting to guide discussions, risk factor analyses, and development and evaluations of interventions. This framework highlights that there are factors that may impact risk of relapse and regression in addition to the impact of contextual factors associated with incidence and reoccurrence of severe wasting more generally. Factors hypothesised to be associated with relapse and regression relate specifically to the nutrition and health status of the child on admission to, during and exit from treatment and treatment interventions, platforms and approaches as well as type of exit from treatment (e.g., before reaching recommended criteria). These factors influence whether children reach full recovery, and poorer nutritional and immunological status at exit from treatment are more proximate determinants of risk of severe wasting after treatment, although post-treatment interventions may modify risks. The evidence base for many of these factors is weak. Our framework can guide research to improve our understanding of risks of relapse and regression and how to prevent them and inform programmes on what data to collect to evaluate relapse. Implementation research is needed to operationalise results in programmes and reduce post-treatment severe wasting at scale., (© 2020 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)