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54. Geology and Physical Properties Investigations by the InSight Lander

Author

Golombek, M., Grott, M., Kargl, G., Andrade, J., Marshall, J., Warner, N., Teanby, N. A., Ansan, V., Hauber, E., Voigt, J., Lichtenheldt, R., Knapmeyer-Endrun, B., Daubar, I. J., Kipp, D., Muller, N., Lognonné, P., Schmelzbach, C., Banfield, D., Trebi-Ollennu, A., Maki, J., Kedar, S., Mimoun, D., Murdoch, N., Piqueux, S., Delage, P., Pike, W. T., Charalambous, C., Lorenz, R., Fayon, L., Lucas, A., Rodriguez, S., Morgan, P., Spiga, A., Panning, M., Spohn, T., Smrekar, S., Gudkova, T., Garcia, R., Giardini, D., Christensen, U., Nicollier, T., Sollberger, D., Robertsson, J., Ali, K., Kenda, B., and Banerdt, W. B.

Published
2018
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55. Selection of the InSight Landing Site

Author

Golombek, M., Kipp, D., Warner, N., Daubar, I. J., Fergason, R., Kirk, R. L., Beyer, R., Huertas, A., Piqueux, S., Putzig, N. E., Campbell, B. A., Morgan, G. A., Charalambous, C., Pike, W. T., Gwinner, K., Calef, F., Kass, D., Mischna, M., Ashley, J., Bloom, C., Wigton, N., Hare, T., Schwartz, C., Gengl, H., Redmond, L., Trautman, M., Sweeney, J., Grima, C., Smith, I. B., Sklyanskiy, E., Lisano, M., Benardini, J., Smrekar, S., Lognonné, P., and Banerdt, W. B.

Published
2016
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59. The mechanical properties of the Martian soil at the InSight landing site

Author

Delage, P., Marteau, E., Vrettos, C., Golombek, M., Asan-Mangold, V., Banerdt, B., Grott, Matthias, Hurst, K., Lognonne, P., Murdoch, N., Piqueux, S., Schmelzbach, C., Spohn, Tilman, Warner, N., Widmer-Schnidrig, Rudolf, Brinkmann, Nienke, Caicedo-Hormaza, B., Castillo-Betancourt, J.P, Edme, P., Kedar, S., Lange, L., Lemmon, M., Mueller, N., Onodera, K, Robertsson, J., Solberger, D., Stähler, S., Verdier, N, and Williams, N.R.

Subjects
InSight Mars Regolith Mechanische Bodeneigenschaften
Published
2022

60. Managing speech perception data sets

Author

Berez-Kroeker, A.L., McDonnell, B., Koller, E., Collister, L.B., Cutler, A., Ernestus, M.T.C., Warner, N., Weber, A.C., Berez-Kroeker, A.L., McDonnell, B., Koller, E., Collister, L.B., Cutler, A., Ernestus, M.T.C., Warner, N., and Weber, A.C.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 248793.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

62. In Situ and Orbital Stratigraphic Characterization of the InSight Landing Site - A Type Example of a Regolith-Covered Lava Plain on Mars

Author

Warner, N. H., Golombek, M. P., Ansan, V., Marteau, E., Williams, N., Grant, J. A., Hauber, E., Weitz, C., Wilson, S., Piqueux, S., Mueller, N., Grott, M., Spohn, T., Pan, L., Schmelzbach, C., Daubar, I. J., Garvin, J., Charalambous, C., Baker, M., Banks, M., Warner, N. H., Golombek, M. P., Ansan, V., Marteau, E., Williams, N., Grant, J. A., Hauber, E., Weitz, C., Wilson, S., Piqueux, S., Mueller, N., Grott, M., Spohn, T., Pan, L., Schmelzbach, C., Daubar, I. J., Garvin, J., Charalambous, C., Baker, M., and Banks, M.

Abstract

The InSight lander rests on a regolith-covered, Hesperian to Early Amazonian lava plain in Elysium Planitia within a ∼27-m-diameter, degraded impact crater called Homestead hollow. The km to cm-scale stratigraphy beneath the lander is relevant to the mission's geophysical investigations. Geologic mapping and crater statistics indicate that ∼170 m of mostly Hesperian to Early Amazonian basaltic lavas are underlain by Noachian to Early Hesperian (∼3.6 Ga) materials of possible sedimentary origin. Up to ∼140 m of this volcanic resurfacing occurred in the Early Amazonian at 1.7 Ga, accounting for removal of craters ≤700 m in diameter. Seismic data however, suggest a clastic horizon that interrupts the volcanic sequence between depths of ∼30 and ∼75 m. Meter-scale stratigraphy beneath the lander is constrained by local and regional regolith thickness estimates that indicate up to 10–30 m of coarse-grained, brecciated regolith that fines upwards to a ∼3 m thick loosely-consolidated, sand-dominated unit. The maximum depth of Homestead hollow, at ∼3 m, indicates that the crater is entirely embedded in regolith. The hollow is filled by sand-size eolian sediments, with contributions from sand to cobble-size slope debris, and sand to cobble-size ejecta. Lander-based observations indicate that the fill at Homestead hollow contains a cohesive layer down to ∼10–20 cm depth that is visible in lander rocket-excavated pits and the HP3 mole hole. The surface of the landing site is capped by a ∼1 to 2 cm-thick loosely granular, sand-sized layer with a microns-thick surficial dust horizon.

Published
2022

63. In Situ and Orbital Stratigraphic Characterization of the InSight Landing Site—A Type Example of a Regolith‐Covered Lava Plain on Mars

Author

Warner, N. H., primary, Golombek, M. P., additional, Ansan, V., additional, Marteau, E., additional, Williams, N., additional, Grant, J. A., additional, Hauber, E., additional, Weitz, C., additional, Wilson, S., additional, Piqueux, S., additional, Mueller, N., additional, Grott, M., additional, Spohn, T., additional, Pan, L., additional, Schmelzbach, C., additional, Daubar, I. J., additional, Garvin, J., additional, Charalambous, C., additional, Baker, M., additional, and Banks, M., additional

Published
2022
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65. Chromosomal numeric aberrations and rare copy number variation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Author

Dirvanskyte, P, Gurram, B, Bolton, C, Warner, N, Jones, KDJ, Griffin, HR, Park, JY, Keller, K-M, Gilmour, KC, Hambleton, S, Muise, AM, Wysocki, C, Uhlig, HH, and Consortium, Genomics England Research

Subjects
Gastroenterology, General Medicine
Abstract

Background and AimsInflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] have a complex polygenic aetiology. Rare genetic variants can cause monogenic intestinal inflammation. The impact of chromosomal aberrations and large structural abnormalities on IBD susceptibility is not clear. We aimed to comprehensively characterise the phenotype and prevalence of patients with IBD who possess rare numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search of databases PubMed and Embase; and analysed gnomAD, Clinvar, the 100 000 Genomes Project, and DECIPHER databases. Further, we analysed international paediatric IBD cohorts to investigate the role of IL2RA duplications in IBD susceptibility.ResultsA meta-analysis suggests that monosomy X [Turner syndrome] is associated with increased expressivity of IBD that exceeds the population baseline (1.86%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48 to 2.34%) and causes a younger age of IBD onset. There is little evidence that Klinefelter syndrome, Trisomy 21, Trisomy 18, mosaic Trisomy 9 and 16, or partial trisomies contribute to IBD susceptibility. Copy number analysis studies suggest inconsistent results. Monoallelic loss of X-linked or haploinsufficient genes is associated with IBD by hemizygous or heterozygous deletions, respectively. However, haploinsufficient gene deletions are detected in healthy reference populations, suggesting that the expressivity of IBD might be overestimated. One duplication that has previously been identified as potentially contributing to IBD risk involves the IL2RA/IL15R loci. Here we provide additional evidence that a microduplication of this locus may predispose to very-early-onset IBD by identifying a second case in a distinct kindred. However, the penetrance of intestinal inflammation in this genetic aberration is low [ConclusionsTurner syndrome is associated with increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation. Duplication of the IL2RA/IL15R loci may contribute to disease risk.

Published
2022

66. Managing speech perception data sets

Author

Cutler, A., Ernestus, M.T.C., Warner, N., Weber, A.C., Berez-Kroeker, A.L., McDonnell, B., Koller, E., Collister, L.B., Berez-Kroeker, A.L., McDonnell, B., Koller, E., and Collister, L.B.

Subjects
Psycholinguistics, experimental research and computational modeling [The challenge of reduced pronunciation variants in conversational speech for foreign language listeners], Open Handbook in Linguistics Series, Towards an ecologically valid theory based on experimental research and computational modeling [Learning pronunciation variants for words in a foreign language], Speech Production and Comprehension, Language & Communication
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 248793.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

67. Stratigraphy and Geologic History of the InSight Landing Site, Mars

Author

Warner, N., Golombek, M., Ansan, V., Marteau, E., Williams, N., Grant, J.A., Hauber, E., Weitz, C., Wilson, S., Piqueux, S., Mueller, N.T., Grott, M., Daubar, I., Garvin, J., Charalambous, C., Baker, M., and Banks, M.

Subjects
geologic history, Mars, stratigraphy, Regolith
Published
2022

68. Les propriétés mécaniques du sol martien sur le site de la mission InSight

Author

Delage, Pierre, Marteau, E, Vrettos, C, Golombek, M, Ansan, V, Banerdt, W, Grott, M, Hurst, Kenneth, Lognonné, P, Murdoch, N, Piqueux, S, Schmelzbach, Cédric, Spohn, T, Warner, N, Widmer-Schnidrig, Rudolf, Brinkman, Nienke, Caicedo, Bernardo, Castillo Betancourt, Juan-Pablo, P., Edme, Kedar, Sharon, Lange, L, Lemmon, Mark, Mueller, N, Onodera, Keisuke, Robertsson, J., Stähler, Simon, Nicolas, Verdier, Williams, R., and Delage, Pierre

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique, [SDU.ASTR.EP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Published
2022

73. Science Goals and Mission Architecture of the Europa Lander Mission Concept

Author

Hand, K. P., primary, Phillips, C. B., additional, Murray, A., additional, Garvin, J. B., additional, Maize, E. H., additional, Gibbs, R. G., additional, Reeves, G., additional, Martin, A. M. San, additional, Tan-Wang, G. H., additional, Krajewski, J., additional, Hurst, K., additional, Crum, R., additional, Kennedy, B. A., additional, McElrath, T. P., additional, Gallon, J. C., additional, Sabahi, D., additional, Thurman, S. W., additional, Goldstein, B., additional, Estabrook, P., additional, Lee, S. W., additional, Dooley, J. A., additional, Brinckerhoff, W. B., additional, Edgett, K. S., additional, German, C. R., additional, Hoehler, T. M., additional, Hörst, S. M., additional, Lunine, J. I., additional, Paranicas, C., additional, Nealson, K., additional, Smith, D. E., additional, Templeton, A. S., additional, Russell, M. J., additional, Schmidt, B., additional, Christner, B., additional, Ehlmann, B., additional, Hayes, A., additional, Rhoden, A., additional, Willis, P., additional, Yingst, R. A., additional, Craft, K., additional, Cameron, M. E., additional, Nordheim, T., additional, Pitesky, J., additional, Scully, J., additional, Hofgartner, J., additional, Sell, S. W., additional, Barltrop, K. J., additional, Izraelevitz, J., additional, Brandon, E. J., additional, Seong, J., additional, Jones, J.-P., additional, Pasalic, J., additional, Billings, K. J., additional, Ruiz, J. P., additional, Bugga, R. V., additional, Graham, D., additional, Arenas, L. A., additional, Takeyama, D., additional, Drummond, M., additional, Aghazarian, H., additional, Andersen, A. J., additional, Andersen, K. B., additional, Anderson, E. W., additional, Babuscia, A., additional, Backes, P. G., additional, Bailey, E. S., additional, Balentine, D., additional, Ballard, C. G., additional, Berisford, D. F., additional, Bhandari, P., additional, Blackwood, K., additional, Bolotin, G. S., additional, Bovre, E. A., additional, Bowkett, J., additional, Boykins, K. T., additional, Bramble, M. S., additional, Brice, T. M., additional, Briggs, P., additional, Brinkman, A. P., additional, Brooks, S. M., additional, Buffington, B. B., additional, Burns, B., additional, Cable, M. L., additional, Campagnola, S., additional, Cangahuala, L. A., additional, Carr, G. A, additional, Casani, J. R., additional, Chahat, N. E., additional, Chamberlain-Simon, B. K., additional, Cheng, Y., additional, Chien, S. A., additional, Cook, B. T., additional, Cooper, M., additional, DiNicola, M., additional, Clement, B., additional, Dean, Z., additional, Cullimore, E. A., additional, Curtis, A. G., additional, Croix, J-P. de la, additional, Pasquale, P. Di, additional, Dodd, E. M., additional, Dubord, L. A., additional, Edlund, J. A., additional, Ellyin, R., additional, Emanuel, B., additional, Foster, J. T., additional, Ganino, A. J., additional, Garner, G. J., additional, Gibson, M. T., additional, Gildner, M., additional, Glazebrook, K. J., additional, Greco, M. E., additional, Green, W. M., additional, Hatch, S. J., additional, Hetzel, M. M., additional, Hoey, W. A., additional, Hofmann, A. E., additional, Ionasescu, R., additional, Jain, A., additional, Jasper, J. D., additional, Johannesen, J. R., additional, Johnson, G. K., additional, Jun, I., additional, Katake, A. B., additional, Kim-Castet, S. Y., additional, Kim, D. I., additional, Kim, W., additional, Klonicki, E. F., additional, Kobeissi, B., additional, Kobie, B. D., additional, Kochocki, J., additional, Kokorowski, M., additional, Kosberg, J. A., additional, Kriechbaum, K., additional, Kulkarni, T. P., additional, Lam, R. L., additional, Landau, D. F., additional, Lattimore, M. A., additional, Laubach, S. L., additional, Lawler, C. R., additional, Lim, G., additional, Lin, J. Y, additional, Litwin, T. E., additional, Lo, M. W., additional, Logan, C. A., additional, Maghasoudi, E., additional, Mandrake, L., additional, Marchetti, Y., additional, Marteau, E., additional, Maxwell, K. A., additional, Namee, J. B. Mc, additional, Mcintyre, O., additional, Meacham, M., additional, Melko, J. P., additional, Mueller, J., additional, Muliere, D. A., additional, Mysore, A., additional, Nash, J., additional, Ono, H., additional, Parker, J. M., additional, Perkins, R. C., additional, Petropoulos, A. E, additional, Gaut, A., additional, Gomez, M. Y. Piette, additional, Casillas, R. P., additional, Preudhomme, M., additional, Pyrzak, G., additional, Rapinchuk, J., additional, Ratliff, J. M., additional, Ray, T. L., additional, Roberts, E. T., additional, Roffo, K., additional, Roth, D. C., additional, Russino, J. A., additional, Schmidt, T. M., additional, Schoppers, M. J., additional, Senent, J. S., additional, Serricchio, F., additional, Sheldon, D. J., additional, Shiraishi, L. R., additional, Shirvanian, J., additional, Siegel, K. J., additional, Singh, G., additional, Sirota, A. R., additional, Skulsky, E. D., additional, Stehly, J. S., additional, Strange, N. J., additional, Stevens, S. U., additional, Sunada, E. T., additional, Tepsuporn, S. P., additional, Tosi, L. P. C., additional, Trawny, N., additional, Uchenik, I., additional, Verma, V., additional, Volpe, R. A., additional, Wagner, C. T., additional, Wang, D., additional, Willson, R. G., additional, Wolff, J. L., additional, Wong, A. T., additional, Zimmer, A. K., additional, Sukhatme, K. G., additional, Bago, K. A., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Deardorff, A. M., additional, Kuch, R. S., additional, Lim, C., additional, Syvertson, M. L., additional, Arakaki, G. A., additional, Avila, A., additional, DeBruin, K. J., additional, Frick, A., additional, Harris, J. R., additional, Heverly, M. C., additional, Kawata, J. M., additional, Kim, S.-K., additional, Kipp, D. M., additional, Murphy, J., additional, Smith, M. W., additional, Spaulding, M. D., additional, Thakker, R., additional, Warner, N. Z., additional, Yahnker, C. R., additional, Young, M. E., additional, Magner, T., additional, Adams, D., additional, Bedini, P., additional, Mehr, L., additional, Sheldon, C., additional, Vernon, S., additional, Bailey, V., additional, Briere, M., additional, Butler, M., additional, Davis, A., additional, Ensor, S., additional, Gannon, M., additional, Haapala-Chalk, A., additional, Hartka, T., additional, Holdridge, M., additional, Hong, A., additional, Hunt, J., additional, Iskow, J., additional, Kahler, F., additional, Murray, K., additional, Napolillo, D., additional, Norkus, M., additional, Pfisterer, R., additional, Porter, J., additional, Roth, D., additional, Schwartz, P., additional, Wolfarth, L., additional, Cardiff, E. H., additional, Grob, E. W., additional, Adam, J. R., additional, Betts, E., additional, Norwood, J., additional, Heller, M. M., additional, Voskuilen, T., additional, Sakievich, P., additional, Gray, L., additional, Hansen, D. J., additional, Irick, K. W., additional, Hewson, J. C., additional, Lamb, J., additional, Stacy, S. C., additional, Brotherton, C. M., additional, Tappan, A. S, additional, Benally, D., additional, Thigpen, H., additional, Ortiz, E., additional, Sandoval, D., additional, Ison, A. M., additional, Warren, M., additional, Stromberg, P. G., additional, Thelen, P. M., additional, Blasy, B., additional, Nandy, P., additional, Haddad, A. W., additional, Trujillo, L. B., additional, Wiseley, T. H., additional, Bell, S. A., additional, Teske, N. P., additional, Post, C., additional, Torres-Castro, L., additional, Grosso, C., additional, and Wasiolek, M., additional

Published
2022
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74. Rock Size‐Frequency Distributions at the InSight Landing Site, Mars

Author

Golombek, M. P., primary, Trussell, A., additional, Williams, N., additional, Charalambous, C., additional, Abarca, H., additional, Warner, N. H., additional, Deahn, M., additional, Trautman, M., additional, Crocco, R., additional, Grant, J. A., additional, Hauber, E., additional, and Deen, R., additional

Published
2021
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83. Extended haplotype association study in Crohn’s disease identifies a novel, Ashkenazi Jewish-specific missense mutation in the NF-κB pathway gene, HEATR3

Author

Zhang, W, Hui, K Y, Gusev, A, Warner, N, Ng, S M E, Ferguson, J, Choi, M, Burberry, A, Abraham, C, Mayer, L, Desnick, R J, Cardinale, C J, Hakonarson, H, Waterman, M, Chowers, Y, Karban, A, Brant, S R, Silverberg, M S, Gregersen, P K, Katz, S, Lifton, R P, Zhao, H, Nuñez, G, Pe'er, I, Peter, I, and Cho, J H

Published
2013
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86. Results from InSight's First Full Martian Year

Author

Panning, M., Banerdt, B., Smrekar, S., Antonangeli, D., Asmar, Sami, Banfield, D., Beghein, C., Beucler, E., Bowles, Neil, Bozdag, E., Ceylan, S., Chi, P. J., Christensen, U., Clinton, J., Collins, G., Daubar, I., Dehant, V, Fillingim, Matthew, Folkner, W., Garcia, R., Garvin, J., Giardini, D., Golombek, M., Grant, J.A., Grott, Matthias, Grygorczuk, J., Hudson, T.L., Irving, J., Johnson, C. L., Kargl, G., Kawamura, T., Kedar, S., King, S., Knapmeyer, Martin, Knapmeyer-Endrun, B., Lemmon, M., Lognonne, P., Lorenz, R., Maki, J., Margerin, L., McLennan, S M, Michaut, C., Mimoun, D., Morgan, P., Müller, Nils, Nagihara, S., Newman, C., Nimmo, F., Pike, T., Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. -A., Schmerr, N., Siegler, M.A., Spiga, A., Spohn, Tilman, Stanley, S., Teanby, N., Tromp, J., Warner, N., Weber, R., Wieczorek, M., and Insight, Science Team

Subjects
Mars, InSight
Published
2021

87. Vortex‐Dominated Aeolian Activity at InSight's Landing Site, Part 1: Multi‐Instrument Observations, Analysis, and Implications

Author

Charalambous, C., primary, McClean, J. B., additional, Baker, M., additional, Pike, W. T., additional, Golombek, M., additional, Lemmon, M., additional, Ansan, V., additional, Perrin, C., additional, Spiga, A., additional, Lorenz, R. D., additional, Banks, M. E., additional, Murdoch, N., additional, Rodriguez, S., additional, Weitz, C. M., additional, Grant, J. A., additional, Warner, N. H., additional, Garvin, J., additional, Daubar, I. J., additional, Hauber, E., additional, Stott, A. E., additional, Johnson, C. L., additional, Mittelholz, A., additional, Warren, T., additional, Navarro, S., additional, Sotomayor, L. M., additional, Maki, J., additional, Lucas, A., additional, Banfield, D., additional, Newman, C., additional, Viúdez‐Moreiras, D., additional, Pla‐García, J., additional, Lognonné, P., additional, and Banerdt, W. B., additional

Published
2021
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89. Rock Size-frequency Distributions of the InSight Landing Site, Mars

Author

Golombek, M. P., Trussell, A., Williams, N., Charalambous, C., Abarca, H., Warner, N. H., Deahn, M., Trautman, M., Crocco, R., Grant, J. A., Hauber, E., Deen, R., Golombek, M. P., Trussell, A., Williams, N., Charalambous, C., Abarca, H., Warner, N. H., Deahn, M., Trautman, M., Crocco, R., Grant, J. A., Hauber, E., and Deen, R.

Abstract

Rocks around the InSight lander were measured in lander orthoimages of the near field (<10 m), in panoramas of the far field (<40 m), and in a high-resolution orbital image around the lander (1 km²). The cumulative fractional area versus diameter size-frequency distributions for four areas in the near field fall on exponential model curves used for estimating hazards for landing spacecraft. The rock abundance varies in the near field from 0.6% for the sand and pebble rich area to the east within Homestead hollow, to ~3-5% for the progressively rockier areas to the south, north and west. The rock abundance of the entire near field is just over 3%, which falls between that at the Phoenix (2%) and Spirit (5%) landing sites. Rocks in the far field (<40 m) that could be identified in both the surface panorama and a high-resolution orbital image fall on the same exponential model curve as the average near field rocks. Rocks measured in a high-resolution orbital image (27.5 cm/pixel) within ~500 m of the lander that includes several rocky ejecta craters fall on 4-5% exponential model curves, similar to the northern and western near field areas. As a result, the rock abundances observed from orbit falls on the same exponential model rock abundance curves as those viewed from the surface. These rock abundance measurements around the lander are consistent with thermal imaging estimates over larger pixel areas as well as expectations from fragmentation theory of an impacted Amazonian/Hesperian lava flow.

Published
2021

90. Degradation at the InSight Landing Site, Homestead Hollow, Mars: Constraints from Rock Heights and Shapes

Author

Grant, J. A., Wilson, S. A., Golombek, M., Trussell, A., Warner, N. H., Williams, N., Weitz, C. M., Gengl, H., Deen, R., Grant, J. A., Wilson, S. A., Golombek, M., Trussell, A., Warner, N. H., Williams, N., Weitz, C. M., Gengl, H., and Deen, R.

Abstract

Rock heights and three-dimensional shapes around the InSight lander in Homestead hollow, Mars, provide new constraints on modification of the degraded 27 m in diameter impact crater and are a tool for characterizing degradation on regolith-covered lava plains on Mars. Decreasing average rock height and increasing percentage of fragments where height comprises the short axis from outside to within the hollow supports significant ejecta deflation accompanied by infilling of the interior. Rock relief outside the hollow is compared with expectations of pristine ejecta thickness and indicates up to ~40 cm of near-rim early deflation (decreasing to a few cm out to one diameter) can account for the predicted eolian component of infilling and that other eolian infilling sources are not required. Scattered rocks in the hollow are ejecta from subsequent nearby impacts and their mostly buried expression is consistent with subsequent long-term degradation estimated to be 10⁻⁴ m/Myr. Basalt rock shapes at InSight are likely similar to basalt rock shapes on Earth, but appear more platy, bladed, and elongate in a triangular form factor plot and more discoidal and bladed in an axes ratio plot. Nevertheless, addition of 10 cm to near rim rock heights to account for continued partial embedding in ejecta would result in rock shapes quite similar to terrestrial rocks. Consistency between degradation estimates based on current rock relief and rock shape after accounting for partial embedding in ejecta indicates up to ~30-40 cm early (~0.1 Ga) near-rim deflation was followed by much lesser long-term degradation.

Published
2021

91. Quantitative analysis of the splice variants expressed by the major hepatitis B virus genotypes

Author

Lim, CS, Sozzi, V, Littlejohn, M, Yuen, LKW, Warner, N, Betz-Stablein, B, Luciani, F, Revill, PA, Brown, CM, Lim, CS, Sozzi, V, Littlejohn, M, Yuen, LKW, Warner, N, Betz-Stablein, B, Luciani, F, Revill, PA, and Brown, CM

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen that causes liver diseases. The main HBV RNAs are unspliced transcripts that encode the key viral proteins. Recent studies have shown that some of the HBV spliced transcript isoforms are predictive of liver cancer, yet the roles of these spliced transcripts remain elusive. Furthermore, there are nine major HBV genotypes common in different regions of the world, these genotypes may express different spliced transcript isoforms. To systematically study the HBV splice variants, we transfected human hepatoma cells, Huh7, with four HBV genotypes (A2, B2, C2 and D3), followed by deep RNA-sequencing. We found that 13-28 % of HBV RNAs were splice variants, which were reproducibly detected across independent biological replicates. These comprised 6 novel and 10 previously identified splice variants. In particular, a novel, singly spliced transcript was detected in genotypes A2 and D3 at high levels. The biological relevance of these splice variants was supported by their identification in HBV-positive liver biopsy and serum samples, and in HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes. Interestingly the levels of HBV splice variants varied across the genotypes, but the spliced pregenomic RNA SP1 and SP9 were the two most abundant splice variants. Counterintuitively, these singly spliced SP1 and SP9 variants had a suboptimal 5' splice site, supporting the idea that splicing of HBV RNAs is tightly controlled by the viral post-transcriptional regulatory RNA element.

Published
2021

92. Vortex‐Dominated Aeolian Activity at InSight's Landing Site, Part 2: Local Meteorology, Transport Dynamics, and Model Analysis

Author

Baker, M., primary, Newman, C., additional, Charalambous, C., additional, Golombek, M., additional, Spiga, A., additional, Banfield, D., additional, Lemmon, M., additional, Banks, M., additional, Lorenz, R., additional, Garvin, J., additional, Grant, J., additional, Lewis, K., additional, Ansan, V., additional, Warner, N., additional, Weitz, C., additional, Wilson, S., additional, and Rodriguez, S., additional

Published
2021
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97. Toward Adaptive Dose Painting with Hypoxia Biomarkers: Feasibility of Oxygen-Enhanced (OE)-MRI T1 Mapping on Low-Field MR-Linac.

Author

Park, C., Warner, N., Kaza, E., Tanguturi, S., and Sudhyadhom, A.

Subjects
*LINEAR operators, *SIGNAL-to-noise ratio, *SPATIAL resolution, *HYPOXEMIA, *RADIOTHERAPY
Abstract

Stereotactic MR-guided Adaptive Radiation Therapy (SMART) dose painting in hypoxia shows promise in improving treatment outcomes but clinically feasible imaging and localization remains a challenge. Oxygen-enhanced (OE)-MRI is compelling for hypoxia imaging via preferential O 2 uptake and T 1 relaxation shortening in normoxic tissues, as changes in 1/T 1 (ΔR) quantifiability reflect tissue oxygenation level dependent (TOLD) contrast. While OE-MRI has been investigated at high-fields, no studies have optimized low-field TOLD T 1 detection and quantification. This work aims to establish the feasibility of clinically-efficient hypoxia imaging with TOLD T 1 contrast on a 0.35T MR-Linac by optimizing a low-field MP2RAGE sequence for time-efficient dynamic T 1 mapping and quantifying T 1 sensitivity and O 2 change detectability limits. Clinically-efficient low-field OE-MRI with dynamic volumetric acquisitions to quantify and map O 2 distributions was achieved by developing an optimized 3D MP2RAGE T 1 mapping method that maximizes signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and temporal resolution on a 0.35T MR-Linac. High-resolution whole-brain scans were acquired in 5 healthy volunteers to evaluate image fidelity and repeatability. T 1 mapping validation was performed with a phantom containing 8 chemically-formulated inserts of known T 1 values. Mean T 1 values within a volumetric region-of-interest were compared with ground-truth to evaluate T 1 linearity with the optimized sequences. Sensitivity to T 1 changes were evaluated with a dynamic 3D protocol with 20 consecutive measurements. Two-sided 95% prediction intervals were computed to determine the T 1 and ΔR detectability margins to define the O 2 detectability limits. Whole-brain scans showed excellent T 1 concordance with literature values at 0.35T and high repeatability. 3D MP2RAGE optimization for clinically-efficient low-field OE-MRI with a GRAPPA parallel imaging approach achieved a balance of spatial resolution, SNR, and temporal resolution with a 26.6 second whole-brain 3D scan time, capable of 20 measurements within 8:52 min. Phantom scans resulted in T 1 maps with robust linear correlations (R2 = 0.983) within a clinically-relevant T 1 range. Statistical analysis reveals a median (range) T 1 detectability margin of 8.26 (3.91–16.55) ms for T 1 values 344 (180–703) ms, corresponding to a ΔR 1 of 0.028 (0.009–0.097) ms-1, which establishes high sensitivity to T 1 changes and O 2 change detectability, equivalent or superior to high-field studies. We optimized a low-field MP2RAGE sequence with the capability for dynamic 3D T 1 mapping with high sensitivity and O 2 change detectability on a 0.35T MR-Linac. This work establishes the feasibility of clinically efficient hypoxia imaging with OE-MRI TOLD T 1 contrast, enabling hypoxic tissues characterization, and contributing to novel technical advancements to biologically guided adaption and dose painting to hypoxic spatial distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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98. Constraining Martian Regolith and Vortex Parameters From Combined Seismic and Meteorological Measurements

Author

Murdoch, N., primary, Spiga, A., additional, Lorenz, R., additional, Garcia, R. F., additional, Perrin, C., additional, Widmer‐Schnidrig, R., additional, Rodriguez, S., additional, Compaire, N., additional, Warner, N. H., additional, Mimoun, D., additional, Banfield, D., additional, Lognonné, P., additional, and Banerdt, W. B., additional

Published
2021
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100. Location and Setting of the Mars InSight Lander, Instruments, and Landing Site

Author

Golombek, M., primary, Williams, N., additional, Warner, N. H., additional, Parker, T., additional, Williams, M. G., additional, Daubar, I., additional, Calef, F., additional, Grant, J., additional, Bailey, P., additional, Abarca, H., additional, Deen, R., additional, Ruoff, N., additional, Maki, J., additional, McEwen, A., additional, Baugh, N., additional, Block, K., additional, Tamppari, L., additional, Call, J., additional, Ladewig, J., additional, Stoltz, A., additional, Weems, W. A., additional, Mora‐Sotomayor, L., additional, Torres, J., additional, Johnson, M., additional, Kennedy, T., additional, and Sklyanskiy, E., additional

Published
2020
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