Search

Objective·To investigate the effect of icariin on the transition from acute kidney disease (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in mice and the possible mechanism.Methods·C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with aristolochic acid for 2 weeks to mimic AKI to CKD transition. Icariin was intragastrically administered for 2 or 5 weeks at the end of 2 weeks of aristolochic acid injection or 1 week before modeling. The renal function and pathological injury of the mice were monitored. The mitochondrial structure of renal tubular epithelial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The indexes related to fatty acid oxidative metabolic pathway, fibrosis, and inflammation were detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemical staining. The rat renal fibroblast cell line and the rat renal tubular epithelial cell lines were co-cultured in Transwell cell chambers to simulate the interaction between the two types of cells. The renal tubular epithelial cells were pretreated with icariin for 1 h, and then treated with aristolochic acid for 24 h. After removing the two drugs, the renal tubular epithelial cells and the fibroblasts were co-cultured for 24 h. The mRNA or protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (Ppara), pro-fibrotic factors, inflammatory factors, activated caspase-3 (cleaved caspase-3), and extracellular matrix-associated genes in renal fibroblasts were detected by qPCR or Western blotting. The renal tubular epithelial cells were transfected with Ppara-siRNA to observe the expression changes of cleaved caspase-3 and the related indicators of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative metabolism in the downstream of PPARα after icariin intervention prior to aristolochic acid.Results·Compared with the control group, the serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels of the mice injected with aristolochic acid only were significantly higher, with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating into the kidney and serious renal tubular injury at the end of 2 weeks of aristolochic acid injection and 2 weeks after the last injection (4 weeks). The renal function was significantly improved, and the pathological damage was attenuated in the mice pretreated with icariin. After 4 weeks of modeling, the mitochondrial structure of renal tubular epithelial cells was seriously damaged in the aristolochic acid group, and the mRNA levels of fatty acid oxidative metabolic pathway-related genes were significantly downregulated, compared to the control group, accompanied by macrophage infiltration and renal fibrosis. Icariin pretreatment attenuated these damages generated by aristolochic acid. The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, renal pathological injury, and fibrotic markers of the mice treated with icariin at the end of 2 weeks of aristolochic acid injection showed no difference from the aristolochic acid group. In the in vitro experiments, aristolochic acid treatment suppressed Ppara mRNA expression and elevated cleaved caspase-3, inflammatory factors, and pro-fibrotic factors in renal tubular epithelial cells. It also upregulated the expression of extracellular matrix-related genes in co-cultured renal fibroblasts. In contrast, icariin pretreatment abrogated the changes caused by aristolochic acid. The knockdown of Ppara by siRNA in renal tubular epithelial cells removed the preventive effects of icariin on aristolochic acid inhibiting fatty acid oxidative metabolism and promoting cell apoptosis.Conclusion·Icariin prevents AKI to CKD transition induced by aristolochic acid in mice. It may play its protective role by improving the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative metabolic pathway, especially through PPARα, in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Based on the strong classification feature recognition algorithm, the calculation algorithm of a text semantic similarity is studied with the performance evaluation in this paper. In order to achieve a general algorithm for this function, the semantic function library based on a semantic recognition code as a comparison object is designed. It drives the algorithm modules of two fuzzy neuron deep convolution machine learning, and between these two processes of machine learning, a rigid algorithm based on Fourier transform frequency domain feature is extracted. Finally, a more complex machine learning general algorithm is realized by the use of external data fuzzy algorithm and de-fuzzy algorithm before and after the algorithm module. It is also a technical innovation in this paper. Through the performance evaluation based on the subjective evaluation of volunteers, it is found that the system focuses on the text semantic similarity evaluation of the Chinese language, and achieves a comparison result of 81.78% of the artificial judgment accuracy rate, and only 5.52% of the volunteers believe that the system judgment result is completely different from that of manual judgment.

With the development of the combination of medicine and engineering and the improvement of clinical rehabilitation demand, intelligent upper limb rehabilitation robots can provide stroke patients with high intensity and repetition of active rehabilitation training to restore the upper limb motor function and achieve the remodeling of damaged brain nerves. However, many upper limb rehabilitation robot systems are still in the stage of laboratory development or clinical verification. This paper summarizes the latest research results of upper limb rehabilitation robots at home and abroad, compares the advantages and disadvantages of different types of robots, looks forward to the development trend of upper limb rehabilitation robots, and provides ideas for further promoting clinical transformation.

Abstract Objective To clarify the clinical efficacy of styloid incision truncation via percutaneous punching in treating styloid process (styloid) syndrome. Methods The clinical data of 40 styloid syndrome patients treated in our hospital from July 2018 to August 2021 were chosen and divided into an observation group and a control group in a random manner, with 20 cases in each. The control group received treatment with styloid truncation via an external cervical approach, and the observation group received treatment with styloid incision truncation via percutaneous punching. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of truncated styloid, clinical efficacy, pain scores, postoperative complications and inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed in the both groups. Results The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, length of truncated styloid and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P

C30H28Cl2N6O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 15.812(5) Å, b = 8.820(3) Å, c = 22.615(7) Å, β = 109.814(10)°, V = 2967.2(16) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.0489, wRref(F2) = 0.1302, T = 296(2) K.

Various kinds of cultural resources collected in libraries, archives and museums (LAMs) are an important part of the profound and splendid culture that has been created in the development process of China's civilization. Relying on the cultural resources in the collections of LAMs, the creative development of resources is conducive to promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of the excellent traditional Chinese culture. Similarly, it is also the important means to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the people and to meet the diversified consumer needs. Moreover, it is the inevitable requirement to enhance the service capacity of institutions, improve the service level and enrich the service content. In order to better promote the integration and reference of theory and practice in the creative development of cultural resources in LAMs, and improve the theoretical level and experience of creative cultural research, 7 experts were invited to attend the seminar on relevant theory and practice: (1) To construct cultural creativity with Chinese characteristics: it is suggested that the development of cultural creativity be elevated to the height of serving the national strategy, so that the theoretical research of cultural creativity could be further strengthened, and the relevant research of cultural creativity could be developed as an important interdisciplinary field. (2) Creative development of cultural resources and reproduction of social memory: social memory is not only the core of cultural elements, but also the meaning framework or conceptual framework for understanding the value of cultural creative products. The article puts forward some suggestions and strategies, such as establishing the dialogue and communication mechanism of LAMs, expanding cultural and creative ways of thinking around the reproduction of the form of memory-content-meaning, and focusing on digital humanities to promote the transformation and development of cultural and creative products in LAMs. (3) The creative development of literature resources under the national culture digitization strategy: institutions such as libraries and archives begin to strive for the digital creative transformation of cultural resources, which provides reference for the digital upgrading of the development of creative products of literature resources in our country. (4) Thinking on the development of cultural creative products in museums: museums inherit and disseminate excellent traditional culture through innovative cultural products as the medium, help these products reach consumers and gain wide popularity through various means. This article summarizes the problems in the practice of cultural innovation in museums, and thinks about the road to sustainable development in the future while people are rejoicing in the cultural innovation craze in museums. (5) The practice and thinking of cultural innovation in libraries: based on the analysis of the similarities and differences between libraries and museums in cultural innovation, the paper summarizes the problems in practice and puts forward a new path of cultural innovation in libraries. (6) It is a successful case that the National Library of China conducts cultural and creative development in the way of enterprise operation. Not only does it start innovate ways of protecting and inheriting classics, make classic works come alive, improve the level of utilize classics and realize leapfrog development of cultural and creative works, but also it is of great significance to innovate the ways of library services and enhance the influence and competitiveness of library services. (7) Thinking on the creative development of "Library Gifts" series: the paper summarizes the cases and experiences of "Library Gifts" series' cultural and creative development in the National Library of China, and puts forward some opinions on the development of cultural and creative products by libraries.

With the development of mobile hardware and 5G communication technologies,smart applications are booming,which has penetrated into all the aspects of our life and work.There are many functions in applications,which can not only satisfy the user’s requirements,but also be further released as APIs for external invocations.For instance,the APIs provided by applications can be invoked by the intelligent voice assistant.However,these functions must be released as APIs during the development phase,otherwise they cannot be used for external invocations.To address this problem,this paper proposes an approach to automatic release of APIs of Android applications based on computational reflection.It first rebuilds runtime software architecture for the activities of Android applications based on the reflection mechanism,without modifying the source code of application.Then,based on test cases of the specified function,it analyzes its user-behavior workflow and corresponding procedure calls.Finally,the function can be invoked by simulating the user behaviors,and then is released as the corresponding API.We evaluate our approach with 300 popular apps on Android app store Wandoujia,and the results show that our approach is effective for 280 of them.For the specified functions,APIs can be implemented by our approach in about 15 minutes,and their runtime performance is desirable.

Considering the urgent demand for industrial software by the iron and steel industry during its transformation, we viewed the current status, analyzed the bottlenecks, and proposed the development strategies of the industrial software for iron and steel industry. Compared with similar products abroad, the four categories of industrial software in China develop in an imbalanced manner. Specifically, the research and development design software is the weakest among the four, the production control and operation management software are strong enough for market competition, and the service support software currently faces an opportunity for catching up with and even outpacing its international counterparts. Hence, targeted development strategies are required for each category of the industrial software. Market operation should be combined with government guidance to mobilize various resources and implement targeted policies. The unique advantages of large scale, rich knowledge, and numerous scenarios of China’s iron and steel industry should be maximized to provide more practical scenarios and iterative optimization opportunities for domestic industrial software, thereby promoting the high-quality development of China’s iron and steel industry.

Grafting has been found to effectively reduce the prickly nature of Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. A comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on stems (JJ) and leaves (JY) of grafted stems (SJ) and leaves (SY) of non-grafted Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings. The authors obtained 3097, 2124, 5995, and 5043 differentially expressed genes from JJ vs. SJ, JY vs. SY, JY vs. JJ, and SY vs. SJ with 17 co-expressed genes. The RNA-seq results were confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. Function annotations showed that many DEGs enriched plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interaction. Secondary metabolites associated with stress-related hormones and defense were noticeably up-regulated in grafted plants. However, key enzymes regulating lignin synthesis were slightly down-regulated in grafted plants. Additionally, grafted plants had several noticeable up-regulated stress-response TFs (transcription factors), including NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC1/2), ERF (ethylene response factor), MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog), bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix), and WRKY. This study generated abundant sequences for elucidating the genetic differences between grafted and non-grafted Z. armatum.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent one of the main components in the tumor stroma and play a key role in breast cancer progression. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been established to mediate breast cancer metastasis by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness of cancer cells. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a scaffold protein of caveolae that is related to the proliferation and metabolism of cancer cells. It is now well demonstrated that CAV-1 deficiency in the tumor stroma is positively correlated with distant metastasis, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we explore whether CAV-1-deficient fibroblasts play an essential role in the EMT and stemness of breast cancer cells (BCCs) through TGF-β signaling. We establish a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit CAV-1 expression in fibroblasts and coculture them with BCCs to investigate the effect of CAV‑1-deficient fibroblasts and the tumor microenvironment on breast cancer progression. This study refreshingly points out that CAV-1 deficiency in fibroblasts enhances TGF-β1 secretion and then activates the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway of BCCs, thus promoting the metastasis and stemness of BCCs. Collectively, our findings indicate an unexpected role of CAV-1 deficiency in fibroblasts and the tumor microenvironment as a permissive factor, which is regulated by the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in BCCs.

In order to decrease the timing gear whines of diesel engines, a dynamical analysis model of timing gear system is constructed, considering the influence of the elastic characteristics of the support end of the engine block. Based on the analytical model, the transmission error, contact pattern and vibration response are investigated. The NVH bench test is carried out, and the measured data present the consistency between the simulation and the experiment. The gear modification is proposed considering the influence of the light load on multiple gear meshing pairs. The optimization of gear modification is put into effect and the experiment data show that this modification method can reduce the gear whine by controlling the convex curve on top profile, concave at center gear surface and tooth flank waviness.

Aiming at the data preprocessing requirements and label data cost issues arising from the intelligent operation and maintenance of electromechanical equipment, this article mainly studies structured data cleaning methods and fault prediction algorithms for a small number of label samples. First, this article introduces the overall architecture of the intelligent operation and maintenance system for electromechanical equipment. Second, based on the electromechanical equipment operation and maintenance data access service, data cleaning, and fault prediction, this article constructs an electromechanical equipment intelligent operation and maintenance platform based on Kafka message queue, Spark cluster, and other components, and introduces the functional composition of the system in detail. Finally, the article describes the functions of each component of data access service, data cleaning, and fault prediction in detail. To address the cost issue associated with sufficient labeled sample data for data analysis, we propose a semi-supervised learning algorithm, IF-GBDT, based on improved independent forests and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree. The independent forest algorithm supplements labels for unlabeled data based on the learning results of a small number of labeled samples. We also use the gradient lifting tree algorithm to train the model based on the new tag data set for fault prediction, thereby reducing the impact of lack of tags on the accuracy of the prediction model. Experiments show that this method improves classification accuracy and has good adaptability and concurrency performance for a small number of tags.

The IN738 nickel-based superalloy has a high Al, Ti and γ’ (Ni3 [Al, Ti]) content phase that causes notable crack sensitivity when processed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). After examining the effects of Ti and Co on the microstructure and mechanical properties of IN738 alloy processed by LPBF, this research revealed that a moderate decrease in Ti content and an increase in Co content resulted in a wide range of processing parameters to obtain crack-free LPBF specimens. The samples were treated by different heat-treatment processes and then investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The newly designed IN738G exhibited an excellent combination of tensile strength (1253.5 MPa) and elongation (16.37%) compared to the IN738 alloy (1115.7 MPa, 6.99%) under room-temperature conditions.

The most prevalent chronic disease among senior people, and its prevalence rises with age, is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One study predicts that the prevalence of dementia will triple globally by 2050. Sleep disorder (sleep disturbance) is a condition that also often occurs in the elderly population. More than about 25%~60% of AD patients have sleep disturbances or circadian rhythm changes. But the sleep disorders during the early stage of AD have not been uniformly recognized. Of the stages of AD, those experiencing the early stage have the most patients. Therefore, this paper summarises the conditions and types of sleep disorders in the first stage of AD, and the articles of sleep disorders of that time lesions are retrieved and analysed. This paper also deals with two pathological mechanisms during early AD: beta amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and tau protein entanglement. By describing the effects of two western drugs and a Chinese herbal medicine, this paper shows that sleep disorders in older adults may suggest mild cognitive impairment and that more attention needs to be paid to what current research suggests. Early AD lesions can lead to sleep disorders and the search for more accurate biomarkers will be a major driver in the development of diagnostics that may delay AD onset.

Ferroptosis plays an important role in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). We aim to develop a new ferroptosis-related gene signature predicting the prognosis of ICC. We download RNA expression profiles and clinical data of ICC from TCGA and GEO databases. Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are screened by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses are performed to understand the function of DEGs and co-expressed genes. Univariate Cox and LASSO regression are used to develop a ferroptosis-related gene signature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic value. RNA sequencing is performed in 30 patients with ICC in our medical center to validate the prognostic value of the gene signature. We identify 44 ferroptosis-related DEGs, among which four (ACSL4, IREB2, NFE2L2, and TP53) are associated with overall survival (OS). Functional enrichment analysis shows that ferroptosis-associated DEGs have an important impact on ICC carcinogenesis. A new ferroptosis-related gene signature based on DEGs is built, and the prognostic ability is confirmed by KM and ROC curves (AUC=0.777, 0.75, 0.799 for 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively). Patients with high risk scores have worse OS ( P=0.0081). In the validation cohort, the expression of DEGs is in accordance with that in the exploration cohort. The four-gene signature is also demonstrated to have a favorable prognostic value (AUC=0.69). A new predictive model based on four ferroptosis-related genes (ACSL4, IREB2, NFE2L2, and TP53) is established and shows favorable prognostic value.

Antibiotic resistance is an emerging risk for human and animal health, and mitigating the risk requires an improved understanding of various sources of risks and identifying the level of threats for each source. Many antibiotics are currently used against pathogens for treating infections in animals and humans, and it is considered that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) acquired by pathogens may have an environmental origin. Because of contamination in ambient waterways, it is likely that ARGs may affect both organic and non-organic farming. While health risk as a consequence of ARGs is difficult to determine because of lack of understanding of dose-response, the presence of ARGs in human waste and animal manure, and the subsequent application of these organic wastes as fertilizers has a potential of spreading ARGs in the environment. Additional research is needed to understand the presence, growth, and transport of ARGs through animal wastes such as dairy manure. In this review, we focus on synthesizing information regarding the occurrence of ARGs in dairy manure, potential transport pathways, and factors responsible for the spread of ARGs in the environment. Besides, we also explore potential treatment methods that may contribute to the ARG removal in dairy manure and help alleviate ARG contamination.

In order to study the development law of water conducting fracture zone in coal seam mining in A’ai Mining Area, Xinjiang, 1013 working face of a coal mine is selected as the research object. The development height of water conducting fracture zone in coal seam mining is analyzed by the combination of numerical simulation, underground segmented water pressure detection and theoretical calculation. The results show that the stress concentration phenomenon appears around the working face after coal seam mining, and the stress is mainly distributed on the coal pillar 0-20 m away from the coal wall. A pressure relief zone is formed in the roof rock mass above the goaf, and the maximum pressure relief zone is located at the center line of the goaf. With the increase of mining distance, the stress gradually increases, and the development height of water conducting fracture zone gradually increases. The maximum development height of water conducting fracture zone obtained by numerical calculation is 53.50 m, and the fracture mining ratio is 16.72. The development height of water conducting fracture zone in 1013 working face is detected by underground segmented water pressure method. The maximum height of water conducting fracture zone is 50.08 m and the fracture mining ratio is 15.65 times. According to the empirical formula, the development height of water conducting fracture zone is 42.30 m and 45.78 m respectively, and the fracture mining ratio is 13.22 times and 14.31 times respectively. The development height of water conducting fracture zone obtained by the three methods is close, which proves that the results are reliable.

Epoxy resin (EP) has good mechanical and insulating properties and is widely used in the aerospace and nuclear industry. However, it can become degraded and failure-prone in high-energy radiation environments. Although boron nitride (BN) is stable in high-radiation fields, the actual performance of the radiation stability of BN is limited owing to its poor compatibility with the polymer matrix. In this study, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) were modified by applying radiation to prepare BNNSs modified by glycidyl-methacrylate (BNNSs@PGMA), which has good compatibility with EP. Then, BNNSs@PGMA were introduced into the EP matrix by employing solution blending to prepare EP composites: EP, BNNSs/EP, and BNNSs@PGMA/EP. Moreover, the changes in the properties of these composites before and after γ-ray irradiation were investigated. The results indicated that the tensile strength of EP composites first increased and then decreased with an increasing absorbed dose. Radiation crosslinking dominated in the case of an absorbed dose of 0-400 kGy, whereas radiation cracking played a leading role for an absorbed dose of 400-1 000 kGy. For the absorbed dose of 1 000 kGy, the tensile strength of EP decreased by 42.9%, whereas that of BNNSs@PGMA/EP decreased by only 21.3%, which indicated more excellent radiation resistance. In addition, the resistance of the composites was improved by increasing the degree of modification in BNNSs@PGMA.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between the exposure to two kinds of phthalate esters （PAEs） ［Di-N-butyl phthalate，（DBP） and Di-（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate （DEHP）］ and estrogen homeostasis in pregnant women.MethodsIn 2021， we classified the Jiading District of Shanghai into five geographical areas， east， west， south， north and central. A total of 151 pregnant women from each area were selected for questionnaire survey， with random urine samples during first， second， and third trimesters collected. A DBP metabolite ［Mono-N-butyl phthalate （MBP）］ and two DEHP metabolites ［Mono（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （MEHP）， Mono（2-ethyl5-oxohexyl） phthalate， （MEOHP）］ and three estrogens ［estrone （E1）， 17β -estradiol （E2）， and estriol （E3）］ in urine were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. After a natural logarithmic transformation of PAEs metabolite levels and estrogen concentration， multivariable linear regression was used to control potential confounders and determine the relationship between PAEs metabolite levels and estrogen concentration.ResultsThe detection rates of three PAEs metabolites in urine of pregnant women were more than 98%. The median corrected concentrations of MBP， MEHP and MEOHP were 5.18， 0.59 and 4.23 mg·kg-1， respectively. During the whole pregnancy， MEOHP was positively correlated with E1 （β=0.450， 95%CI： 0.057‒0.844）， and MBP was positively correlated with E3 （β=0.250， 95%CI： 0.034‒0.465）. Stratified by trimesters， MBP was positively correlated with E3 in the first trimester （β=0.428， 95%CI： 0.103‒0.752）. MEOHP was positively correlated with E1 in the second trimester （β=0.734， 95%CI： 0.130‒0.752）， and had a possitive trend with E1 in the third trimester （β=0.744， 95%CI： -0.140‒1.629）. In addition， MEHP had a negative correlation with E1 in the second trimester （β=-0.498， 95%CI： -1.063‒0.066）. MEOHP had a positive correlation trend with E2 （β=0.628， 95%CI： -0.101‒1.356） in the third trimester.ConclusionPAEs exposure may interfere with estrogen homeostasis during pregnancy and differs by trimesters. Given the cross-sectional nature of this study， it warrants further study to validate the findings.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of hybrid surgery (microsurgery combined with intraoperative DSA) in the treatment of acute hemorrhagic cerebral vascular disease. Methods The clinical data, imaging data, treatment and prognosis of 11 patients with acute hemorrhagic cerebral vascular disease treated by hybrid operation from April 2020 to February 2021 in the Anqing First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University were analyzed. The results showed 3 cases of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (CAVM), including 2 cases located in temporoparietal lobe and one case in right lateral fissure; 2 cases of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) at the base of anterior cranial fossa while fistulaes located in sieve plate; 6 cases of intracranial aneurysms, including 3 cases in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation, one case in the pericallosal artery, and 2 cases in the communicating segment of internal carotid artery (ICA). Results All 11 patients completed the surgery successfully, and the success rate was 100%. CAVM resection combined with hematoma removal were performed in 3 cases of CAVM, including one case that intraoperative DSA suggested a little residual malformed mass after initial resection, while DSA reexamination suggested total resection after supplementary resection. Dural arteriovenous fistula resection combined with hematoma removal were performed in 2 cases of anterior fossa, after the fistula was closed, DSA reexamination suggested the arteriovenous fistula disappeared completely. Intracranial aneurysm clipping was performed in 6 cases, DSA showed complete clipping in 4 cases, and complete clipping in 2 cases of aneurysm neck residual after adjustment or aneurysm clip supplement. DynaCT indicated satisfactory final removal of intracranial hematoma in all patients with intracranial hematoma. No patient had serious complications such as rebleeding and cerebral infarction. After a mean follow-up of 8.45 months, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was 1 in 4 cases and 1 in 2 cases, and 0 in the other 9 cases. All patients underwent at least one CTA or DSA reexamination, and no residual or recurrent vascular lesions were found. Conclusions Hybrid operation as a new treatment mode for acute hemorrhagic cerebral vascular disease is safe and effective, and further accumulation of cases and experience are needed.

Kidney diseases are common health problems worldwide. Various etiologies ultimately lead to the development of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Natural compounds from herbs or medicinal plants are widely used for therapy and prevention of various ailments, among which is Inonotus obliquus. I. obliquus is rich in triterpenoids and the main active ingredients include betulinic acid, trametenolic acid, inotodiol, and ergosterol. New evidence suggests that I. obliquus triterpenes may be an effective drug for the treatment and protection of various kidney diseases. The aim of this review is to highlight the pharmacological activities and potential role of I. obliquus triterpenes in the kidney disease treatment and protection.

First-principle calculations are used to study the electronic structures, electronic and optical properties of pure, phosphorus-doped, aluminum-doped, and phosphorus and aluminum co-doped graphene. The gap between the conduction band and valence band of intrinsic graphene is zero. However, when graphene is doped with P, Ga, and P–Ga, the gap in energy will be opened and to a different extent. In the three different doping results, the gap values between the conduction and valence bands of P, Ga, and P–Ga graphene are 0.11, 0.35, and 0.39 eV, respectively. When graphene is doped with P–Ga, more electrons (1.40 e) will be gained by carbon atoms compared to P-doped graphene (0.61 e), while fewer electrons (1.49 e) will be transferred to carbon atoms compared to Ga-doped graphene (1.75 e). After doping with P, Ga, and P–Ga, the overall intensity of the graphene absorption peak is weakened and more pronounced relative to the low-frequency peaks. This result can fully demonstrate that the band gap of the doped graphene system can be better tuned by adding phosphorus and gallium atoms.

ObjectiveTo systematically compare the bowel cleaning ability, patient tolerance and safety of oral sodium phosphate tablets (NaPTab) and oral polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEGL) to inform clinical decision making.MethodsPubMed, Embase, CBM, WanFang Data, CNKI, and VIP databases were searched for studies that used randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the roles of NaPTab and PEGL in bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Two reviewers independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included papers. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 13 RCTs were eligible for inclusion, including 2,773 patients (1,378 and 1,395 cases in the NaPTab and PEGL groups, respectively). Meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in the cleansing quality of the NaPTab and PEGL groups [RR 1.02, 95% CI (0.96–1.08), P = 0.46]. The incidence of nausea was lower in the NaPTab group than in the PEGL group [RR 0.67, 95% CI (0.58–0.76), p < 0.00001]. Patients rated the taste of NaPTab higher than PEGL [RR 1.33, 95% CI (1.26–1.40), P < 0.00001]. Willingness to repeat the treatment was also higher in the NaPTab group than in the PEGL group [RR 1.52, 95% CI (1.28–1.80), P < 0.00001]. Both serum potassium and serum calcium decreased in both groups after the preparation; however, meta-analysis revealed that both minerals decreased more in the NaPTab group than in the PEGL group [MD = 0.38, 95% CI (0.13–0.62), P = 0.006 for serum potassium and MD = 0.41, 95% CI (0.04–0.77), P = 0.03 for serum calcium]. Meanwhile, serum phosphorus increased in both groups after the preparation; however, levels increased more in the NaPTab group than in the PEGL group [MD 4.51, (95% CI 2.9–6.11), P < 0.00001].ConclusionsWhile NaP tablets and PEGL were shown to have a similar cleaning effect before colonoscopy, NaP tablets had improved patient tolerance. However, NaP tablets had a strong effect on serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels. For patients with low potassium, low calcium, and renal insufficiency, NaP tablets should be prescribed with caution. For those at high-risk for acute phosphate nephropathy, NaP tablets should be avoided. Given the low number and quality of included studies, these conclusions will require additional verification by large high-quality studies.Systematic review registration10.37766/inplasy2023.5.0013, identifier: NPLASY202350013.

The article summarized the classification of flavonoids and their physiological activities in recent years. The classification, adsorption mechanism and application effects of nano-solid-phase extractant in the separation and purification of flavonoids were reviewed, and the development trend of the separation and purification on flavonoids by nano-solid-phase extractant was analyzed.

Objective To compare and explore the histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of the olfactory bulb in 6- and 12-month-old APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice and their spatial learning and memory ability, as well as the effects of memantine intervention.Methods Three-month-old SPF male APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into 6- and 12-month-old model groups (named 6-APP/PS1 group and 12-APP/PS1 group, respectively) and memantine (MEM) groups (named 6-MEM group and 12-MEM group, respectively, the dose of MEM was 2.60 mg/kg/d), with 10 mice in each group. Age-matched C57BL/6 mice were used as the blank controls. The mice in the MEM groups were continuously administered MEM (from 3 months and 9 months, respectively) by gavage for 3 months, and the mice in the non-MEM group received equal volume of pure water for 3 months. The Morris water maze test was used to assess spatial learning and memory ability of those mice at 6 months and 12 months of age. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the pathological morphology of the olfactory bulb was observed under an optical microscope, and the ultrastructure of the olfactory bulb was observed under a transmission electron microscope.Results The results of the water maze test revealed that the crossing numbers and the time spent in the target quadrant were significantly decreased in the 6-APP/PS1 and 12-APP/PS1 groups compared with the blank control group of the same age (all P < 0.05), whereas the 12-APP/PS1 group showed a more significant decrease than the 6-APP/PS1 group (both P < 0.05). Compared with the non-MEM group, the two parameters of the MEM treatment groups increased significantly (all P < 0.05). Histopathological observation showed that, compared with the age-matched blank group, the nerve cells in the olfactory bulb had no obvious atrophy and deformation, and the number of mitral cells was significantly reduced in the 6-APP/PS1 group (P < 0.05), while the nerve cells in the olfactory bulb were atrophic and deformed, and the number of periglomerular cells and mitral cells were significantly reduced in the 12-APP/PS1 group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the non-MEM group, the number of mitral cells were significantly increased in the 6-APP/PS1 group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the number of periglomerular cells and mitral cells in the 12-MEM group (all P > 0.05). Ultrastructural observation showed that, compared with the blank control group, the synaptic structure was swollen in the 6-APP/PS1 and 12-APP/PS1 groups, the thickness of the postsynaptic density was reduced and the number of asymmetric synapses decreased in the 6-APP/PS1 group, while the thickness of the postsynaptic density and the number of asymmetric synapses could not be observed clearly in the 12-APP/PS1 group. Compared with the non-MEM group, the synaptic swelling in the 6-MEM group was significantly improved, the thickness of the postsynaptic density and the number of asymmetric synapses increased, but the synaptic swelling in the 12-MEM group was not significantly improved, and the thickness of the postsynaptic density and the number of asymmetric synapses could not be observed.Conclusion Changes in the pathology and synaptic ultrastructural morphology of the olfactory bulbs in the APP/PS1 mice correlated with age, accompanied by behavioral alterations. MEM intervention not only improved spatial memory ability in the APP/PS1 mice, but also increased the number of mitral cells and alleviated the damage to the synaptic structure in the 6-APP/PS1 group, with significant improvement in early intervention.

Abstract In recent years, various newly emerged and re-emerged RNA viruses have seriously threatened the global public health. There is a pressing need for rapid and reliable nucleic acid–based assays for detecting viral RNA. Here, we successfully developed a highly sensitive, easy-to-operate G4-ThT-NASBA system to detect viral RNA that no need for labeled primers and probes. Next, we tested the system for detecting the Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV), an RNA virus that causes a highly contagious disease in domestic pigs and wild boar and easily causes huge economic losses. Results showed that the system, integrated the G4-ThT fluorescent biosensor and NASBA (Nuclear acid sequence-based amplification),is capable to detect as little as 2 copies/μL of viral RNA without interfering by other swine viral RNA. Moreover, we were able to detect CSFV RNA within 2 h in serum samples taken from the field in a real-time mode. These findings indicate that the G4-ThT-NASBA system is a rapid, high sensitivity and easy-to-operate technique for RNA detection. The method also has the real-time detection capability which may be easily integrated in a highly automated system such as microfluidic chips.

Abstract Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex and multisystem neurobehavioral disease, which is caused by the lack of expression of paternally inherited imprinted genes on chromosome15q11.2-q13.1. The clinical manifestations of PWS vary with age. It is characterized by severe hypotonia with poor suck and feeding difficulties in the early infancy, followed by overeating in late infancy or early childhood and progressive development of morbid obesity unless the diet is externally controlled. Compared to Western PWS patients, Chinese patients have a higher ratio of deletion type. Although some rare disease networks, including PWS Cooperation Group of Rare Diseases Branch of Chinese Pediatric Society, Zhejiang Expert Group for PWS, were established recently, misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and inappropriate intervention were usually noted in China. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated multidisciplinary approach to facilitate early diagnosis and optimize management to improve quality of life, prevent complications, and prolong life expectancy. Our purpose is to evaluate the current literature and evidences on diagnosis and management of PWS in order to provide evidence-based guidelines for this disease, specially from China.

The design of workwear has significant effects on worker performance. However, the current workwear for coal miners in Northern China is poor in fitness and thermal comfort. In this study, new workwear (NEW) for coal miners was developed with the design features providing better cold protection and movement comfort performance, as compared with a commonly worn workwear (CON). To evaluate the effectiveness of NEW, we conducted human trials which were performed using simulated work movements (i.e., sitting, shoveling, squatting, and crawling) in a climate chamber (10°C, 75% RH). Physiological measurements and perceptual responses were obtained. The results demonstrated that the local skin temperatures at chest, scapula, thigh, and calf; mean skin temperatures,; and thermal comfort in NEW were significantly higher than those in CON. NEW also exerted an improvement in enhancing movement comfort. We conclude that NEW could meet well with the cold protective and mobility requirements.

The aim of this study was to verify the biological function of miR-1273h-5p in gastric cancer (GC) and its underlying mechanisms. The differential expression of microRNAs between GC and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected using microarrays, miR-1273h-5p, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) mRNA, and protein levels were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting methods, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. Compared to tumor-adjacent normal tissue and gastric epithelial mucosa cell line cells, miR-1273h-5p was significantly downregulated in tissues and cells of GC. The overexpression of miR-1273h-5p could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote cell apoptosis; in contrast, inhibition of miR-1273h-5p expression could reverse this process. Moreover, a significant upregulation of CXCL12 was observed when the miR-1273h-5p was downregulated in GC cells. Additionally, miR-1273h-5p significantly reduces tumor volume and weight. Thus, this study suggests that miR-1273h-5p regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis during GC progression by directly binding to CXCL12 mRNA 3′-untranslational regions, which may be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in GC.

In improving the efficiency of gas extraction from soft and low permeability coal seams, the traditional hydraulic punching method requires drilling, lifting the auger, lowering the hole-making device, lifting the auger and then lowering the screen pipe for gas extraction. In order to solve the problems of its complicated process and high-risk factor, the technical parameters of hydraulic punching suitable for broken soft coal seam are determined by combining simulation results with field experiments based on Fluent and Ls-dyna simulation. The results show that the cavitation nozzle with nozzle diameter of 2.8 mm has better coal breaking ability than the common nozzle; the best effect of breaking coal is achieved when the punching time is maintained at 30 min/m, the pump pressure is kept in the range of 12 MPa to 20 MPa and the rotational speed is maintained in the range of 90 r/min to 110 r/min during the hole making period. A total of 136 drill holes were constructed, and the average coal punching volume of 1.07 t/m was calculated, and the coal seam permeability was greatly improved.

As the decay daughter of 99Mo, 99mTc is the most widely used radioisotope in the field of nuclear medicine. Recently, the major 99Mo production reactors in the world are facing problems such as unplanned maintenance, shutdown and decommission, resulting in the unstable supply of 99Mo. Therefore, many developed countries have been actively exploiting alternative technologies for 99Mo production. In this paper, various 99Mo-production technologies by particle accelerator instead of reactor were introduced, and the research progress of producing 99Mo based on electron accelerator was summarized at home and abroad. The accelerator performance index and the key technologies in the production process were discussed in detail, such as the design of irradiation device and target, separation of 99mTc, recovery of 100Mo and waste management. In addition, some suggestions were put forward for the basic and applied research of relevant technologies in China and the commercialization of 99Mo production by electron accelerator.

Abstract Neuroinflammation occurs early in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The initial stage of AD is related to glial dysfunction, which contributes to impairment of Aβ clearance and disruption of synaptic connection. CEBPβ, a member of the CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein (CEBP) family, modulates the expression of inflammation-associated genes, and its expression is elevated in brains undergoing degeneration and injured brains. However, the mechanism underlying CEBPβ-mediated chronic inflammation in AD is unclear. In this study, we observed that increases in the levels of nuclear CEBPβ facilitated the interaction of CEBPβ with the NFκB p65 subunit, increasing the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. Oral administration of nanocarrier-packaged carnosic acid (CA) reduced the aberrant activation of microglia and astrocytes and diminished mature IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 production in the APP/PS1 mouse brain. CA administration reduced β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and ameliorated cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. We observed that CA blocked the interaction of CEBPβ with NFκB p65, and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that CA reduced the transcription of the NFκB target genes TNFα and IL-6. We confirmed that CA alleviated inflammatory mediator-induced neuronal degeneration and reduced Aβ secretion by inhibiting the CEBPβ-NFκB signalling pathway in vitro. Sulfobutyl ether-beta-cyclodextrin (SBEβCD) was used as the encapsulation agent for the CA-loaded nanocarrier to overcome the poor water solubility and enhance the brain bioavailability of CA. The CA nanoparticles (NPs) had no obvious toxicity. We demonstrated a feasible SBEβCD-based nanodelivery system targeting the brain. Our data provide experimental evidence that CA-loaded NPs are potential therapeutic agents for AD treatment.

The extraction of Np(Ⅳ) from nitric acid medium by using di(1-methyl-heptyl) methyl phosphonate diluted in kerosene was investigated. The influences were studied in this research including the contact time, the concentration of DMHMP, HNO3 as well as nitrate and the temperature. Slope analyses indicate that Np(Ⅳ) is coordinated mainly in the form of neutral molecules and the extractant complex is Np(NO3)4·2DMHMP. The value of enthalpy change for the reaction is negative which means that the extraction of Np(Ⅳ) is an exothermic process.

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of diagnosing secondary pulmonary fungal infections (PFIs) in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) using computerized tomography (CT) imaging and a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. A total of 100 patients with HM complicated by secondary PFI underwent CT scans, and they were included in the training group. Concurrently, 80 patients with the same underlying disease who were treated at our institution were included in the test group. The types of pathogens among different PFI patients and the CT imaging features were compared. Radiomic features were extracted from the CT imaging data of patients, and a diagnostic SVM model was constructed by integrating these features with clinical characteristics. Aspergillus was the most common pathogen responsible for PFIs, followed by Candida, Pneumocystis jirovecii, Mucor, and Cryptococcus, in descending order of occurrence. Patients typically exhibited bilateral diffuse lung lesions. Within the SVM algorithm model, six radiomic features, namely the square root of the inverse covariance of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (square root IV), the square root of the inverse covariance of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and small dependency low gray-level emphasis, significantly influenced the diagnosis of secondary PFIs in patients with HM. The area under the curve values for the training and test sets were 0.902 and 0.891, respectively. Therefore, CT images based on the SVM algorithm demonstrated robust predictive capability in diagnosing secondary PFIs in conjunction with HM.

In order to study the effect of particle size and air volume on the deposition, migration and distribution law of pulverized coal in the annulus of drill pipe and hole wall, the Euler-Euler model is used to numerically simulate the gas-solid two-phase flow formed by compressed air transporting pulverized coal particles against the background of air directional drilling into the hole in a broken soft coal seam. The higher the airflow, the smaller the particle size, the smaller the deposition of coal dust, the stronger the transport capacity of coal dust, and the corresponding pressure at the bottom of the pore is larger. Under the same airflow, the small particle size coal dust mainly appears to roll in a spiral line to transport to the orifice, while the large particle size coal dust is mainly located in the middle and lower part to move to the orifice along a specific trajectory.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of treadmill exercise stress echocardiography (TESE) combined with left ventricular (LV) layer‐specific strain (LSS) in subclinical myocardial and reserve function of hypertensive patients. A total of 55 hypertensive patients and 51 controls were evaluated during rest and exercise. Two‐dimensional speckle tracking (2DST) and LSS technique was used to measure longitudinal and circumferential strains at rest and peak exercise, strain difference characteristics were then evaluated. Compared to the control subjects, both longitudinal and circumferential LSS showed different degrees of reduction in hypertensive group, which was more pronounced at peak exercise. The global longitudinal endocardium strain (GLSendo) at rest was 24.4% ± 1.5% in the control group versus 20.4% ± 2.3% in the hypertensive group, while the difference was more obvious at peak state (control vs. hypertensive group, 30.8% ± 2.8% and 22.8% ± 2.9%, respectively). In particular, endocardial strain under exercise can be used as a sensitive indicator where the LV contractile reserve (CR) function of the three layers are all impaired. TESE combined with LSS might increase diagnostic accuracy of myocardial performance in hypertension patients.

Abstract Purpose Due to lumbar spinal surgery is frequently accompanied with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, it is necessary to find an effective postoperative analgesia for patients with this surgery. This study aimed to observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine erector spinae plane block (ESPB) used in posterior lumbar spine surgery. Methods In this clinical trial, patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group (Group E) received 0.375% ropivacaine with 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in a total of 20 ml for ESPB; the control group (Group C) received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.375% for ESPB. US-guided ESPB was performed preoperatively in all patients. Demographics, anesthesia time, surgery time, and ASA grade from the participants were recorded at baseline. The primary clinical outcome measures were 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-and 48-h visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after surgery at rest and movement state. Other end points included opioid consumption, number of PCIA presses, flurbiprofen-axetil consumption, quality of recovery and pain management after surgery. Results One hundred twenty patients were enrolled in the study (mean [SD] ages: Group E, 54.77 [8.61] years old; Group C,56.40 [7.87] years old; P = 0.280). The mean anesthesia time was 152.55 (15.37) min in Group E and 152.60 (16.47) min in Group C (P = 0.986). Additionally, the surgery time was 141.70 (15.71) min in Group E compared to 141.48 (17.13) min in Group C (P = 0.943). In addition, we found that the VAS pain scores in the resting state during the postoperative period at 8–48 h were lower in Group E than in Group C. However, the VAS pain scores in the active state were lower in Group E at 12–48 h (P

Ginseng can be used as medicine and food, and has the function of immune regulation. The diversified deep-processed products of ginseng functional food are a hot research topic nowadays. Ginseng and Vidal ice-grapes are fermented at low temperatures. In this way, the polysaccharide based ginsenosides of ginseng are converted into Rg2, Rf, Rg3, Rg5, CK, etc. and the bioavailability of them are significantly improved. The ginseng ice wine has a delicate and mellow entrance, and a long aftertaste, which has the functions of relieving physical fatigue, relaxing blood vessels, and enhancing immunity. The aroma components and non-volatile components of ginseng ice wine can reflect the quality and production process of the wine. In order to study the active ingredients of ginseng ice wine, gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QQQ-MS/MS) was used to pass a DB-Heavy WAX column (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm) with a split ratio of 1∶20, the method of temperature programmed was used to analyze the volatile components in ginseng ice wine. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) was used to analyze the ginsenosides and polyphenols in ginseng ice wine. The polyphenols and ginsenosides in ginseng ice wine were analyzed by Sigma HPLC column C18 (5 cm×3.0 mm×2.7 μm) using acetonitrile 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as mobile phase with the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min and gradient elution method. According to the quasi-molecular ion peak and fragment ion information provided by high-resolution mass spectrometry, the relative molecular mass and structure information of the compounds could be analyzed. Combining the retention time and related literature data, a total of 28 volatile components, 28 ginsenosides and 24 polyphenols were identified, which clarified the material basis of ginseng ice wine, and could be used for the identification and quality evaluation of ginseng ice wine. This research provides a theoretical basis for the further development of ginseng ice wine and a foundation for the development of ginseng functional food.

In order to explore the ablation characteristics of C/SiC ceramic composite nozzles in the working environment of liquid rocket engines, 3D C/SiC composite nozzle was prepared by the precursor impregnation pyrolysis(PIP) process, and the ablation test of the nozzle in various working conditions was carried out. The results show that 3D C/SiC composite nozzle can meet the requirements of anti-ablation performance of the liquid rocket engine under various working conditions. The wire ablation rate of nozzle throat is about 3.92×10-4 mm/s; after the hot test vehicle ablation test, a large amount of white matter SiO2 remains on the inlet cylindrical section, convergent section, throat section and expansion section outer surface of the nozzle, and the ablation pit appears in the throat; the ablation mechanisms of C/SiC composites under liquid rocket engine are mainly mechanical erosion ablation and oxidation ablation.

In order to study the effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) on the mechanical properties of granite located in and near the core of the CO2-based enhanced geothermal system (EGS) region, fluid–rock interaction experiments were conducted at 210, 240 and 270 ℃. Three test conditions were used: (1) ScCO2 and dry granite; (2) ScCO2, water vapor and granite; and (3) ScCO2 and granite soaked in water for 24 h. The P-wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Young’s modulus of all ScCO2- treated granite samples and one untreated granite sample were obtained by carrying out the wave velocity tests and uniaxial compression tests. The wave velocity tests showed that the P-wave velocities of all ScCO2-treated granite samples were reduced compared to that of the untreated sample. The uniaxial compression test showed that the UCS and Young’s modulus were almost not affected. From the failure mode, it can be seen that the untreated granite more likely presented the brittle tensile failure, while the treated sample showed more likely shear failure. As the temperature increased, the failure mode became more and more close to shear failure. Experimental results showed that the ScCO2 induced slight damage to the granite under dry or a little water condition, causing a slight decrease in the brittleness, and a small increase in the plasticity. The P-wave velocity decreased slightly and the impact on the granite strength can be negligible. Therefore, the interaction of CO2–rock will not cause obvious effect on the mechanical properties of granite located in and near the core of the CO2–EGS region.

Objective To investigate the effect of Th1/Th2 ratio on pyroptosis of placental trophoblast cells in early-onset severe preeclampsia. Methods The clinical data of 55 cases of early-onset severe preeclampsia diagnosed in our hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were collected as the preeclampsia group, and another 30 healthy pregnant women in our hospital during the same period were subjected as the normal control. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Th1 and Th2 cells in venous blood of the subjects; ELISA was adopted to measure the contents of pyroptosis-related factors IL-1β and IL-18 in serum. The placental tissue pyroptosis and the expression of GSDMD protein in placental tissue were observed by TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence staining respectively. The protein levels of Caspase-1, NLRP3, ASC and GSDMD were determined by Western blotting. Results Flow cytometry showed that the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells was significantly increased in the preeclampsia group. ELISA results indicated that the contents of IL-1β and IL-18 in the serum were remarkably higher in the preeclampsia group than the normal group (P < 0.01). TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence staining also confirmed a large number of pyroptosis-like cells and high level of GSDMD in the preeclampsia group; Western blotting demonstrated that the protein levels of Caspase-1, NLRP3, ASC and GSDMD were all notably elevated, as compared with the normal group. Conclusion In early-onset severe preeclampsia, the increased Th1/Th2 ratio promotes pyroptosis of placental trophoblast cells.

In order to realize the coal mine drilling hole sealing automation, according to the “13th Five-Year” key research and development project “gas control drilling and hole sealing robot” requirements, we put forward the integral multi-channel automatic hole sealing device overall scheme, designed the automatic hole sealing control method, and studied and designed the parameters of grouting channel and hole sealing channel. Finite element method was used to analyze the setting dynamics of the hole sealing device, and the drilling setting and grouting simulation tests were carried out on the prototype of the hole sealing device. The research shows that the whole structure of the hole sealing device can be equipped with the drilling robot to grasp, install and switch the channel automatically to seal the hole automatically. It can meet the requirements of sealing holes with different sealing lengths and different inclination angles. The three-way structure can meet the requirements of setting, exhaust, grouting, gas extraction and other technological processes on pressure and pressure loss; according to the dynamic analysis of the contact stress between the setting seal capsule and the hole wall, the axial friction resistance between the setting seal capsule and the hole wall, as well as the simulation experiment results of sealing the hole, when the setting grouting pressure of the device is 6 MPa, the grouting pressure of the sealing hole can reach 3 MPa, which fully meets the technical requirements of “two blocks and one grouting” sealing hole in the coal mine, and the negative pressure loss of the extraction channel is less than 2 kPa. By meansof sensors and instruments, the monitoring of setting pressure, sealing grouting pressure, extraction flow, pressure and other parameters can be realized.

BACKGROUND Heavy metal pollution in soil has been a serious threat to human health and ecological environmental safety. Stabilization remediation has become an important means of remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil due to the high efficiency and low cost. Attapulgite modified by alkali with an improved performance, provides an important basis for its stabilization and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. OBJECTIVES To analyze the changes in physical and chemical properties of attapulgite before and after modification, and to study the effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on the chemical speciation changes and environmental risks of Cd in contaminated soil, and to explore the stabilization effects of attapulgite modified by NaOH on Cd in the soil. METHODS Different proportions of NaOH were used to modify attapulgite. The surface characteristics, crystal structure and functional groups of the materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Stabilization experiments were carried out on artificially prepared heavy metal Cd contaminated soil to study the effects of NaOH-modified attapulgite on the changes of chemical speciation of Cd and environmental risks in contaminated soil. RESULTS By adding the modified material with the mass ratio of NaOH to attapulgite of 1:2, the pH value of the soil was significantly increased by 0.85 units. The exchangeable Cd content decreased by 46.28% and the residual Cd content increased by 1.98 times. The risk assessment code (RAC) and potential risk index (PRI) of Cd in soil decreased the most from 36.70% and 207.90 to 20.08% and 86.40, respectively, which effectively reduced the transfer capacity and environmental risk of Cd in soil. According to SEM, XRD and FTIR analyses, after modification, the surface roughness of attapulgite increased, chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si bonds were opened, so active sites for adsorption of heavy metals increased. Attapulgite modified by alkali immobilized Cd mainly through adsorption, and the reaction of silanol and hydroxide with Cd2+ generated precipitate, so as to achieve the effect of stabilizing and repairing Cd contaminated soil. CONCLUSIONS Alkali-modified attapulgite can effectively stabilize Cd in soil, which has a significant application prospect in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk of food additives in Hubei Province, provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate management measures, and reduce the potential risk.MethodsIn the paper, the crystal ball software and Monte Carlo simulation method were used to evaluate the average daily exposure and risk probability of sodium cyclamate and acesulfame in foods in Hubei Province.ResultsThe average daily exposure and risk entropy of sodium cyclamate in pickled vegetable products were the highest, which were 3.98E-4 g/kg BW/d and 0.0372, respectively. In addition, there are significant differences in the risk probability of additives in different foods. The risk probability ranking of acesulfame in foods was pickled vegetable products > canned > beverage > pastry, and that of sodium cyclamate was pickled products > beverage > pastry > canned food.ConclusionThe health risk of residents in Hubei Province who ingest two sweeteners through diet was generally low, and the risk of sodium cyclamate was slightly higher than that of acesulfame, both at an acceptable level.

Due to the influence of low lightness,the images acquired at dim or backlight conditions tend to have poor visual quality.Retinex-based low-light enhancement models are effective in improving the scene lightness,but they are often limited in hand-ling the over-boosted image noise hidden in dark regions.To solve this issue,we propose a Retinex-based low-light enhancement model incorporating the low-rank matrix approximation.First,the input image is decomposed into an illumination layer I and a reflectance layer R according to the Retinex assumption.During this process,the image noise in R is suppressed via low-rank-based approximation.Then,aiming to preserve the image details in the bright regions and suppress the noise in the dark regions simultaneously,a post-fusion under the guidance of I is introduced.In experiments,qualitative and quantitative comparisons with other low-light enhancement models demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

A robust optimization method for ADN （active distribution network） based on the flexible regulation capability of MG （microgrid） is proposed given the coordinated dispatching of uncertain ADN and MG with large-scale distributed new energies integrated. A flexible regulation model of distributed energy resources such as PV， energy storage， gas turbine and flexible load is established， and the flexible regulation capability of MG is described on the basis of robust optimization. An MG-ADN interaction method is proposed， and the influence of uncertainty and flexible regulation capability of MG on ADN is analyzed. Moreover， the robust optimization dispatching of AND is implemented based on the second-order cone relaxation. An ADN-MG iterative method based on flexible resource price regulation is designed， and the model is solved using a C&CG （column-and-constraint generation algorithm）. Simulation experiments based on the improved IEEE 33-node power distribution system show that the proposed strategy can effectively tap the flexible regulation resources within MG and enhance the robust optimization effect at the ADN level.

Mitochondria provides most of the energy to drive cell function, and its dysfunction can lead to a variety of disease. Since mitochondria has been proved to be able to transfer between cells, mitochondrial transplantation has become an innovative idea for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction and this technology has been supported by evidences from animal experiments. The transplantation of mitochondrial is potentially applied in the treatment of disease of various tissues including heart, liver, lung and brain.

To prevent coal mine water disasters, the main objective of this study is to predict the water enrichment of the main aquifer in a coal mine of China that has been threatened by water inrush. The prediction is carried out using a geographic information system (GIS) and a coupled analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy model. The flushing fluid consumption, burnt rock distribution, sand–shale ratio, and lithology structure index were determined as the main factors controlling the water enrichment of the aquifer. A thematic map of these main factors was constructed using the spatial data analysis functions of GIS and the data from a total of 146 drilling columns and field investigation. The weights of these controlling factors were calculated using the coupled model. A prediction map of the water enrichment of the aquifer was then developed by overlaying the thematic map with the weights of each controlling factor. The degree of water enrichment was finally divided into four levels for easy interpretation, where Level I denotes the highest water enrichment and poses the greatest threat of water disaster.

For the SAT solver,most popular branch variable decision-making strategies are based on the variable activity evaluation of conflict.The unassigned variable with the maximum activity is selected as the decision variable,and the most recent conflict is solved first.However,they all ignore the impact of the number of clauses containing decision variables on the Boolean constraint propagation (BCP).To solve this problem,this paper proposes a branch variable decision strategy (VDALCD) based on the learning clause deletion strategy,which reduces the activity of variables in the deleted clause when the clause is deleting.Based on the VDALCD strategy,Glucose4.1 and MapleLCMDistChronoBT-DL-v2.1 are improved to solvers Glucose4.1_VDALCD and Maple-DL_VDALCD.This paper uses 2018 and 2019 SAT international competition questions as benchmark test cases to compare the improved version with the original version of the solver.The experimental results show that Gluose4.1_VDALCD finds out 26 more examples than Gluose4.1,an increase of 15.5% in the 2018 example test.In the 2019 example test,Maple-DL_VDALCD finds out 17 more examples than MapleLCMDistChronoBT-DL-v2.1,an increase of 7.6%.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between intestinal microbiota and postmortem interval（PMI） in rats by using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.MethodsRats were killed by anesthesia and placed at 16 ℃, and DNA was extracted in caecum at 14 time points of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 d after death. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect intestinal microbiota in rat cecal contents, and the results were used to analyze the rat intestinal microbiota diversity and differences.ResultsThe total number of intestinal microbial communities did not change significantly within 30 days after death, but the diversity showed an upward trend. A total of 119 bacterial communities were significantly changed at 13 time points after death. The models for PMI estimation were established by using partial least squares （PLS） regression at all time points, before 9 days and after 12 days, reaching an R2 of 0.795, 0.767 and 0.445, respectively; and the root mean square errors （RMSEs） were 6.57, 1.96 and 5.37 d, respectively.ConclusionUsing 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, the composition and structure of intestinal microbiota changed significantly within 30 d after death. In addition, the established PLS regression model suggested that the PMI was highly correlated with intestinal microbiota composition, showing a certain time series change.