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RESUMEN Introducción: Las estrategias de SITA Estándar fueron aprovechadas por más de dos décadas, pero buscando aun mejorar el tiempo sin perder la calidad, se volvió a crear una nueva estrategia más corta, a la cual llamaron estrategia FASTER. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre las estrategias SITA Estándar 24 -2 y SITA Faster 24 -2 para evaluar el daño campimétrico en pacientes con Glaucoma Primario de Angulo Abierto. Metodología: Estudio observacional analítico. RESULTADOS: Se analizó 74 resultados de análisis del campo visual utilizando dos técnicas SITA Estándar 24 - 2 y SITA Faster 24 - 2. El tiempo de prueba para la estrategia SITA Estándar fue de 379,64 ± 72,75 segundos y para la estrategia SITA Faster 170,93 ± 49,17 (p

espanolSe estudia el funcionamiento de los secaderos tipo inclinado para arroz paddy, con el fin de mejorar su operacion y eficiencia, considerando las variables de tiempo de secado, distribucion de la humedad en la capa de arroz despues del secado y velocidades del aire dentro del plenum. Simulando la distribucion y velocidades del flujo de aire antes de cruzar la capa de arroz se reubican los conductos de salida al plenum y se colocan dampers que distribuyan uniformemente el flujo. Por otro lado, se propone la sustitucion de la malla tipo plana por una malla tipo zigzag. Para verificar las modificaciones propuestas se construyo un modelo a escala para medir la variacion del tiempo de secado y la humedad dentro de la capa de arroz paddy, obteniendo porcentajes de humedad mas uniformes dentro de la capa de arroz y disminucion del tiempo de secado. EnglishThe operation of inclined type dryers for paddy rice is studied to improve their operation and efficiency, considering the variables of drying time, humidity distribution in the rice layer after drying and air velocities within the plenum. Simulating the distribution and velocities of the air flow before crossing the rice layer, the outlet ducts to the plenum are relocated and dampers are placed to distribute the flow evenly. On the other hand, it is proposed to replace the flat-type mesh with a zigzag-type mesh. To verify the proposed modifications, a scale model was built to determine the humidity and drying time variation inside the rice layer, obtaining more uniform moisture percentages within the rice layer and a decrease in drying time.

In this paper, we propose a fiber optic system to measure the changes in the RGB composition of light in liquid solutions using a plastic optical fiber (POF) as an intrinsic sensor. The measurement system is composed of a 3 W white light-emitting diode as the light source, a 20 cm long U-shaped POF, and an RGB photodiode array that allows us to detect the changes in the RGB composition of the light propagating through the POF. The U-shaped POF has a length of 5 mm without coating, which remains in contact with the liquid solutions. The tests were performed with different concentrations of a mixture of tequila and water. The results obtained with the RGB photodiode array showed that the system has a resolution of 0.39 % and a color change sensitivity of 0.1, 0.6, and 0.4 8–bits/% of sample for red, green, and blue colors, respectively. These results will allow us to design a low-cost prototype to measure the amount of adulteration in liquids.

The social conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic had a great potential to affect the mental health of individuals. Meta-analyses indicate a rise in these problems in these periods among general populations, patients and health professionals, even with substantial heterogeneous results. This paper examines mental health impacts specifically during the first wave of COVID-19. An online survey was conducted with a Portuguese convenience sample (N = 1.062) comprising questions about substance use, perceived stress, post-traumatic stress disorder and self-damage behaviors. The results concerning substance use show an extensive use of medication to sleep or calm down, especially among women and older respondents, a small percentage of alcohol consumers with a high pattern of use and less frequent cannabis consumption, even with a quarter of users who began only in the COVID-19 period. The rates of perceived stress and PTSD were higher compared with international prevalence estimations during the pandemic conditions. Both correlated measures were worse for women and young people. Another problematic issue was the rate of suicidal ideation, with a relevant proportion of starters during this period. These data reinforce the need to promote access to mental health services.

Background Lockdown, as a measure implemented to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, left many domestic violence (DV) victims trapped with their abusers. This study intends to explore the links between perceived stress, substance use and socio-demographic factors with DV experiences during COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 1062 participants over 16 years old, residing in Portugal. Data were collected through an online survey conducted between April and October 2020. The associations between potential factors and DV were investigated using bivariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression. Results The prevalence of DV reported was 13.75% (n = 146), disaggregated into psychological violence (13%, n = 138), sexual violence (1.0%, n = 11) and physical violence (0.9%, n = 10). Multivariable analyses confirmed that perceived financial difficulties (OR = 1.608; P = 0.019), use of medications to sleep or calm down (OR = 1.851; P = 0.002) and perceived stress (OR = 2.443; P = 0.003) were responsible for DV exposure during COVID-19 pandemic. Younger age ( Conclusions Interventions aimed at preventing and confronting DV are necessary within the strategies to combat COVID-19 in Portugal, especially aimed at groups in vulnerable situations, during and after the pandemic.

Bilingue em português e inglês, [Excerto] Desigualdades A oportunidade de uma criança viver uma vida saudável, de desenvolver­‑se em todo o seu potencial e exercer um papel ativo na sociedade é o mais básico dos direitos humanos. Contudo, as desigualdades sociais na infância são múltiplas e complexas abrangendo um vasto espectro de circunstâncias, resultados e oportunidades nos contextos de vida das crianças (Dornan & Woodhead, 2015)., [Excerpt] The opportunity for a child to live a healthy life, to develop to full potential and to play an active role in society is the most basic of human rights. However, social inequalities in childhood are multiple and complex, covering a wide range of circumstances, outcomes and opportunities in children’s life contexts (Dornan & Woodhead, 2015).

Feeding habits of the ichthyoplankton from Chilean Patagonia (44-46°30’S) were studied during June-July 2012 (austral winter). Ichthyoplankton assemblage was composed by 10 species, with low abundance (3.8 to 16.73 ind. 1000 m-3). Most abundant larvae were Maurolicus parvipinnis, Leptonotus blainvilleanus and Sprattus fuegensis. These three species fed mainly on calanoid copepodites, Paracalanus indicus and Calanus sp. copepodites, and cyphonautes. Trophic overlap among dominant fish larvae was high (Schoener’s D > 0.69) and no significant differences were detected in prey composition and size. Therefore, no resource partitioning occurred in planktonic fish larvae during winter 2012 in Chilean Patagonia.

Within the debate on the transitional age processes of youth in contemporary societies, this chapter analyses the profiles of young adults placed in Portuguese prisons. A unique portrait is drawn based on the existing statistical data from the prison services. Through cluster analysis, this population was classified into three groups. Findings emphasise different types of crime profiles in relation to the sociodemographic characteristics of the young people concerned (age, gender, educational background, nationality and place of residence). Although the Portuguese jurisdiction has established a special criminal law regime setting up distinct specialised facilities for young adults, results highlight the fact that most of them, some even at a minor age, are placed in prisons with older adults due to the lack of appropriate penitentiary establishments.

This chapter presents the state of the art in terms of the intersections between incarceration and generations. We start by exploring the conceptual definitions of both incarceration and generation. We argue that the expansion of the penal landscape makes us consider not only the different forms of incarceration in present times but also their impacts on specific age groups. Subsequently, we show how the intersections between these two concepts are being discussed theoretically and empirically, providing a brief state-of-the-art review of the existing literature, mainly in the social, criminal and legal studies, particularly with a focus on generations. This framework provides structure and guidance to the setting of the entire volume’s rationale. Generation as a life stage is the core perspective common to all the chapters included in this volume, which discusses the experiences, dynamics, cultures, interventions and impacts of incarceration concerning different generations: childhood, youth and emerging adulthood, adulthood and older age.

Text-testimony of the formation as a citizen and writer, in Cape Verde, in an environment of anti-fascist, anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggle. Struggles, actions and poetics committed to their time and demands from independent Cape Verde. Texto-testemunho da formação como cidadã e escritora, em Cabo Verde, em ambiente de luta antifascista, anticolonialista e anti-imperialista. Lutas, ações e poética compromissadas com seu tempo e demandas de Cabo Verde independente.

The determination of heat transfer coefficients are parameters of great importance when evaluating thermal losses in a system. Therefore, the present work reports the convective heat transfer coefficients in different positions of a rectangular kiln for the production of artisanal ceramic materials, located in Ocaña, Norte de Santander, Colombia, from which the heat losses present in the were determined. As a result, a virtual instrument was designed for temperature acquisition, using a data acquisition card, as well as a chassis and thermocouples generating a temperature report and their respective temperature profiles. The determination of heat transfer coefficients are parameters of great importance when evaluating thermal losses in a system. The energy supplied by the fuel is 51.21 kJ and the energy loss in the walls and floor of the brick kiln is 17.67 kJ, which represents 34.51% of the energy supplied. The thermal gradient in the kiln is not homogeneous, affecting the quality of the products. This will be avoided by building the walls with refractory materials.

The electrolyzers work through an electrochemical process, their derivatives (H2, O2, and HHO) are used as enriching fuels due to the electrolysis of water, being cleaner than gasoline and diesel. This article presents the dynamic model of an alkaline electrolyzer that uses an electrolyte (KOH o NaHCO3) dissolved in distilled water to accelerate the production of oxyhydrogen (HHO). The model shows the phase change that occurs inside the electrolytic cell. The EES® software was used to determine the values of enthalpy, entropy, and free energy that vary during the electrochemical reaction; the equations were simulated in Matlab-Simulink® to observe their dynamic behavior. The Simulations presented varying every 5 g the electrolyte until reaching 20 g. The flow rate of HHO with potassium hydroxide (20 g) is higher than 0.02 L / s, and with sodium bicarbonate (20 g) it is above 0.0006 L / s, confirming what the literature of alkaline cells state, that the most efficient electrolyte for its energy conversion is KOH.

The main purpose of this article is to discuss some ethical-methodological issues associated with scientific research in confinement settings, particularly those that result from the relationship with the confined individual in the framework of qualitative research. Basing the reflection on empirical research developed by both authors in Portuguese confinement settings – prisons and youth educational centres – we examine the significant challenges and dilemmas this type of research entails, exploring the interface between procedural ethics and ethics in practice at three points in the analytical process: before, during and after data collection. This article illustrates the interplay between formal and informal procedures, and between the initial distancing and strangeness when making contact with confinement settings and their social actors and the institutional and relational dynamics that become ingrained in our everyday practice. Our goal is to give visibility to these institutional and relational dynamics and to reflect on the challenges experienced by those who enter confinement settings to do research, in an effort to make the research process more transparent and at the same time more reflexive. We end our reflection advocating more ethically committed and critical scientific research.

This work presents the evolution of the operation of a regenerative hybrid solar gas turbine in an average day of the year. The system is evaluated by means of a thermodynamic model that includes a solar concentrated heliostat field solar concentrator with central receiver, a combustion chamber, and the thermal engine. The model is applied in Barranquilla, Colombia using local temperature and the solar radiation estimated with a theoretical model. Power output, the global efficiency and thermal engine efficiency are estimated. Additionally, to estimate the temperatures in different states of the cycle with and without regenerator. Finally, the impact of the regenerator is evaluated, which can increase the temperature of the solar receiver by up to 13.6%, and the inlet temperature to the combustion chamber increases by 17.3% at noon, when solar radiation is maximum.

A publicação deste volume, desdobrada em dois números da revista Configurações, tem origem num duplo evento, organizado conjuntamente: o Segundo Encontro da Secção Temática “Sociologia do Direito e da Justiça” da Associação Portuguesa de Sociologia (STSDJ) e as V Jornadas do Mestrado em Crime, Diferença e Desigualdades da Universidade do Minho As preocupações de abrangência e de pertinência que orientaram o seu formato de origem coincidiram com as que presidiram ao anterior encontro da STSDJ:...

En este artículo se señala la importancia que han tenido las celdas Peltier en el desarrollo tecnológico e industrial, demostrando, desde un punto de vista científico y matemático, su funcionamiento, los elementos que las componen y el cómo son aprovechadas de forma eficiente mediante el análisis crítico de todos los estudios que tienen como punto focal la termoelectricidad. Se compara el esquema investigativo elaborado hasta la actualidad —correspondiente a las celdas Peltier en el campo de la refrigeración—, organizado por segmentos de texto en los que se explica de manera teórica el funcionamiento y se destaca la producción de algunos modelos matemáticos. This article points out the importance of the Peltier cells in technological and industrial development. We try to demonstrate, from a scientific and mathematical point of view, its operation, the elements that compose them and how they are efficiently harnessed through critical analysis of all studies that focus on thermoelectricity. We compare the research scheme developed up to now - corresponding to the Peltier cells in the refrigeration field of studies -, organized by segments of text in which its operation is explained in a theoretical way as well as highlighting the production of some mathematical models. Neste artigo assinala-se a importância que têm tido as celas Peltier no desenvolvimento tecnológico e industrial, demonstrando, desde um ponto de vista científico e matemático, seu funcionamento, os elementos que as compõem e o como são aproveitadas de forma eficiente mediante a análise crítica de todos os estudos que têm como punto focal la termoelectricidade. Compara-se o esquema investigativo elaborado até a atualidade —correspondente às celas Peltier no campo da referigeração—, organizado por segmentos de texto nos que se explica de maneira teórica o funcionamento e se destaca a produção de alguns modelos matemáticos.

This study assesses seasonal variation in the morphology and diet of juveniles and adults of the Easter Island endemic goby Kelloggella disalvoi from intertidal pools during September-October 2015 (spring) and June-July 2016 (winter), utilizing geometric morphometric and gut-content analyses. A set of 16 landmarks was digitized in 128 individuals. Shape changes related to size changes (i.e. allometry) were low (18·6%) and were seasonally similar. Body shape changes were mainly dorsoventral (44·2% of variance) and comprised posteroventral displacement of the premaxilla and bending of the body. The latter included vertical displacement of the anterior portion of the first and second dorsal fins and the entire base of the caudal fin. Diets mainly comprised developmental stages of harpacticoid copepods (from eggs to adults), ostracods, isopods, gastropods and bivalves. Also, trophic niche breadth remained constant throughout development and did not vary between seasons. Nonetheless, significant dietary differences were detected in specimens collected during spring (main prey items: harpacticoid copepods and copepod eggs) and winter (harpacticoid copepods and copepod nauplii). Finally, there was weak but significant covariation between diet and morphology: molluscivores were characterized by having an inferior mouth gape, whereas planktivores had an anteriorly directed premaxilla.

Basado en el estudio realizado en el litoral brasilero por el PhD. Jonas Takeo Carvalho, se diseñó un prototipo, con principio de funcionamiento de boya, se obtienen las características de las bobinas y del magneto para las diferentes estaciones del año, las cuales transforman la energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica, este puede funcionar en cualquier posición y desplazamiento de ondas, en zonas lejos de costa (Offshore). De la simulación del generador para cada estación, se obtuvieron datos de desempeño, que permitieron establecer los parámetros definitivos para una máxima eficiencia en la transformación de energía.

Based on the study carried out on the Brazilian coast by PhD. Jonas Takeo Carvalho, a prototype was designed, with a buoy operating principle, the characteristics of the coils and the magnet are obtained for the different seasons of the year, which transform wave energy into electrical energy, it can work in any position and Displacement of waves, in areas far from the coast (Offshore). From the simulation of the generator for each station, performance data were obtained, which allowed establishing the definitive parameters for maximum efficiency in energy transformation.

Two species of sandperch (Pinguipedidae: Perciformes), Prolatilus jugularis and Pinguipes chilensis, inhabit the coastal waters of the South Pacific. Both species have pelagic larvae with similar morphology, but their diet preferences are unknown. Diet composition, feeding success, trophic niche breadth and dietary overlap were described during larval stages for both species. In the austral spring, larval P. jugularis (3.83-10.80 mm standard length [SL]) and P. chilensis (3.49-7.71 mm SL) during their first month of life had a high feeding incidence ( > 70%) and fed mostly on copepod nauplii ( > 80% IRI), Rhincalanus nasutus metanauplii and Paracalanus indicus copepodites. The number of prey ingested was low (mean: 4-5 prey per gut) and independent of larval size; total prey volume and maximum prey width increased as larvae grew. Mouth opening and ingested prey were greater in larval P. jugularis than in P. chilensis, leading to significant differences in prey composition among larval species, in terms of prey number and volume. Pearre’s trophic niche breadth was narrow for both species (0.159±0.07 for P. jugularis; 0.156±0.03 for P. chilensis) and independent of larval size. Dietary overlap was high inter- and intra-species in larvae with a mouth gape < 900 μm. These results suggest the relative importance of both larval species as primary consumers of the pelagic web in nearshore environments of rocky temperate areas. Existen dos especies de blanquillo (Pinguipedidae: Perciformes), Prolatilus jugularis y Pinguipes chilensis que habitan las aguas costeras del Pacífico Sur. Ambas especies tienen larvas pelágicas con morfología similar, pero se desconocen sus preferencias de la dieta. Se describen la composición de la dieta, amplitud del nicho trófico y superposición trófica durante los estados larvales de ambas especies. En primavera, las larvas de P. jugularis (3.83-10.80 mm LE) y P. chilensis (3.49-7.71 mm LE) durante su primer mes de vida tienen alta incidencia alimentaria ( > 70%) y se alimentan principalmente de nauplii de copépodos ( > 80%IRI), metanauplii de Rhincalanus nasutus y copepoditos de Paracalanus indicus. El número de presas ingeridas fue bajo (media: 4-5 presas por estómago) e independiente del tamaño larval; el volumen total de presas y el ancho máximo de las presas se incrementó a medida que crecían las larvas de ambas especies. El largo de la mandíbula y el tamaño de las presas fue más grande en larvas de P. jugularis comparado con las de P. chilensis. Esto generó diferencias significativas en la composición de las presas entre especies, en términos de número y volumen de las presas ingeridas. La amplitud del nicho trófico de Pearre fue bajo para ambas especies (0.159±0.07 para P. jugularis; 0.156±0.03 para P. chilensis) e independiente del tamaño larval. La superposición dietética fue alta inter e intra-especies en aquellas larvas con apertura bucal < 900 μm. Estos resultados sugieren la importancia relativa de ambas especies como consumidores primarios de la trama pelágica en ambientes costeros con arrecifes rocosos.

This paper presents a dialogue between two qualitative research Ph.D. projects concerning girls who are involved in delinquent practices in Portugal. Our aim is to extend the debate concerning different dimensions of female delinquency in childhood and youth. This paper is focused on the analysis of girls’ explanations and understandings of their offending behaviors obtained through interviews—a methodology common to both doctoral studies. Conducting research in two different contexts—the Portuguese juvenile justice system and social housing neighborhoods—the authors explore interview data from twenty-six pre-adolescent girls, aged 7–18 years old, from various sites around the country, who have in common their disadvantaged socio-economic origins and the type of the delinquent practices they committed. Regardless of age, these girls shared similar perspectives on their involvement in delinquency, which were explained by the familial and social experiences that facilitated their offending behaviors. The transmission of delinquent values took place essentially within the female family circle or via their female peers. Delinquency was not seen by the girls as a rejection of their femininity and gender roles, nor as a resource for performing masculinity—on the contrary, different femininities were identified and risk and experimentation underpinned the girls’ practices. Discussing the contexts in which the girls emerge as aggressors allows the social dynamics which still make many of them victims even more visible.

El desempeño térmico que hoy en dia ofrecen las maquinas generadoras de vapor es medido principalmente por la cantidad de calor que es aprovechado. Para incrementar la transferencia de calor dentro los recipientes de presión se usan turbuladores que distribuyen uniformemente el contenido de gases de combustión al paso del haz de tubos. En este artículo se analizó el desempeño de los turbuladores helicoidales al interior de una sección del haz de tubos, presente en el segundo paso de calentamiento de una caldera pirotubular. Se deduce el modelo matemático de la transferencia de calor de los gases de combustión de acuerdo al régimen de fluidez. Para la caracterización del modelo se obtienen los contornos de imagen a partir de fotogrametría digital, apoyados en el software CAD para el procesamiento del sólido en 3D. Se realiza la simulación de los flujos de gases que atraviesan estos dispositivos, calculando la temperatura de los gases, componentes de velocidad, transferencia de calor y caídas de presión, comparando los resultados con un entorno sin turbulador aumentando la transferencia de energía en un 31,23%. Así mismo se establece un patrón de la trayectoria que obtienen los gases en presencia de los turbuladores. Today, the thermal performance offered by steam generators is measured mainly by the amount of heat that is used. To increase the heat transfer within the pressure vessels, turbulators are used for distributing the gases fluxes passaging through the tube bundle. This article analyzed the performance of helical turbulators inside a section of tube bundle, located in the second heating step of a pirotubular boiler. The mathematical model of the heat transfer of gases fluxes is deduced according to the flow rate. For image characterization, contours are obtained from digital photogrammetry and the 3D solid processing was supported by software CAD. The simulation of flows gases that pass through these devices is performed, calculating the temperature of gases, speed components, heat transfer and pressure drops, comparing the results with an environment without turbulator increasing the energy transfer by 31,23%. A pattern of the trajectory that gases obtain in the presence of turbulators is also established.

In this work, we show an optoelectronic system based on a plastic optical fiber (POF), which can detect changes in the RGB composition in liquid solutions. This system consists of a white light (LED) with 3 W of power, and 20 centimeters of POF with cladding in the U-configuration,where 0.5 cm is without cladding that allows having contact with the rest of the solution. Also, the arrangement of photodiodes allows us to capture the intensity of light that comes from the fiber. Furthermore, we tested different solutions where we observed changes in the RGB color composition, using different concentrations of water with alcohol. These results shall allow us to design in the future a prototype for measuring the refractive index in different liquid solutions.

Feeding habits of the ichthyoplankton from Chilean Patagonia (44-46°30’S) were studied during June-July 2012 (austral winter). Ichthyoplankton assemblage was composed by 10 species, with low abundance (3.8 to 16.73 ind. 1000 m-3). Most abundant larvae were Maurolicus parvipinnis, Leptonotus blainvilleanus and Sprattus fuegensis. These three species fed mainly on calanoid copepodites, Paracalanus indicus and Calanus sp. copepodites, and cyphonautes. Trophic overlap among dominant fish larvae was high (Schoener’s D > 0.69) and no significant differences were detected in prey composition and size. Therefore, no resource partitioning occurred in planktonic fish larvae during winter 2012 in Chilean Patagonia.

As condutas desviantes praticada pelos jovens, consideras comportamentos que desafiam as normas e a ordem social, ainda é uma realidade bastante grave observada em diversos países, seja a partir das pesquisas dos especialistas, seja nas estatísticas. O presente texto tem como objetivo aferir a validade empírica da estrutura fatorial da Escala de Condutas Antissociais e Delitivas em distintos países; trata-se de uma medida de avaliação das condutas desviantes que tem sido bastante utilizada com diferentes amostras e que pode ser compreendida como condutas que interferem nos direitos e nos deveres das pessoas, ameaçando o seu bem-estar social e individual. Participaram do estudo, 411 adolescentes, os quais, 137 eram distribuídos em cada país, com idades compreendidas entre os 13 e os 18 anos (M = 15.71 DP = 1,65; Mo = 15). Os resultados indicam que a estrutura fatorial da ECAD foi consistente, bem como, corroborou a organização bi-fatorial desta medida observada nos estudos brasileiros. Foi destaque também, a sua invariância fatorial nas amostras dos distintos países pesquisado, verificando a diferença no CFI entre as amostras. Esta condição revela que a ECAD tem muita qualidade, bem como, permite afirmar que tal fenômeno pouco se diferencia para respondentes em distintos contextos sociais e políticos, quanto ao seu construto. Com isso, pode-se afirmar que ECAD é confiável e segura quando se pretender avaliar as condutas desviantes em jovens.

En la planta de Guaicaramo, para el proceso de obtención del aceite de palma, las calderas producen la mayor demanda de agua utilizada en el proceso, aproximadamente 96000 m3 por año, este vapor al ser utilizado en este proceso genera condensados, que al reutilizarlos disminuiría la demanda de agua proveniente de pozos profundos y del río, por lo que este estudio plantea el diseño de un sistema de recuperación de los condensados que cumplan según parámetros determinados por la ABMA (American Boiler Manufacture Asociation) para nuevamente alimentar a la caldera. También se analizaron los efluentes finales del sistema de tratamiento (EFST) de diferentes partes del proceso que llegan a una piscina de lodos para su recuperación, para estas se propuso un diseño experimental utilizando materias primas de residuo de la empresa (cuescos de palma, fibra y tusa) y un solo tratamiento tradicional (Filtración o floculación o sedimentación) y mezclas con agua para buscar su posterior utilizacióncomo agua de alimentación de calderas.Palabras Clave: Diseño experimental; eficiencia de calderas; recuperación de aguas residuales; recuperación de condensados.

In the research the temperature acquisition was carried out inside and outside the wall an intermittent furnace and the evaluation of the energy loss on the wall during baking process, the first phase begins with the design, programming and implementation of an virtual instrument for data temperature acquisition and generation of temperatures profiles then, heat loss due to conduction on the furnace wall was determined considering one-dimensional heat flow, in radial direction and in a transitory state. The virtual instrument was programmed every 5 minutes and 1596 data were recorded, the input heat supplied to the furnace was 49.2x106 KJ and the energy losses due to the furnace wall were 5.2x106 KJ indicating the 10.57 percent of the supplied energy. Results of research have made it possible to establish trends in the temperature distribution, as well as identify thermal energy entering and leaving the furnace to propose improvements in performance of the furnace that increase its energy efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and gas emissions to the environment avoiding acute respiratory diseases.

Se realizó un análisis computacional, mediante la técnica del CFD, del perfil NACA 2415, con los modelos de turbulencia Realizable K-ε y el modelo de turbulencia K-ω SST para obtener sus curvas aerodinámicas. El software utilizado fue el ANSYS FLUENT V14. La simulación se realizó con mallas no estructuradas y bidimensionales, en un dominio computacional cuyas dimensiones corresponden al túnel de viento AF6109 de la Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira, Venezuela. Las curvas aerodinámicas se realizaron para diferentes ángulos de ataque, los cuales consistieron en 0°, 4°, 8°, 12° y 16° respectivamente. Las condiciones de borde usadas están basadas en el túnel de viento AF6109. La simulación computacional se validó con las curvas aerodinámicas obtenidas mediante el diseño experimental realizado en el túnel de viento. Se concluye que el modelo de turbulencia K-ω SST predice mejor los gradientes adversos de presión. A computational analysis was performed, using the CFD technique, of the NACA 2415 profile, with the K-ε Realizable turbulence models and the K-ω SST turbulence model to obtain its aerodynamic curves. The software used was the ANSYS FLUENT V14. The simulation was performed with unstructured and two-dimensional meshes, in a computational domain whose dimensions correspond to the AF6109 wind tunnel of the National Experimental University ofTáchira, Venezuela. The aerodynamic curves were made for different angles of attack, which consisted of 0°, 4°, 8°, 12°and 16°respectively. The edge conditions used are based on the AF6109 wind tunnel. The computational simulation was validated with theaerodynamic curves obtained by the experimental design carried out in the wind tunnel. It is concluded that the turbulence model K-ω SST better predicts the adverse pressure gradients.

O presente numero da revista Configuracoes corresponde a segunda parte de um volume dedicado ao tema Justica, direito(s) e instituicoes. Tal como o numero que o precedeu, esta publicacao resulta de encontro cientifico duplo: o Segundo Encontro da Seccao Tematica “Sociologia do Direito e da Justica” da Associacao Portuguesa de Sociologia (STSDJ) e as V Jornadas do Mestrado em Crime, Diferenca e Desigualdades da Universidade do Minho. No mesmo espirito de abrangencia que lhe presidiu, tratou-se...