51. Rough basin boundaries in high dimension: Can we classify them experimentally?
- Author
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Tamas Bodai and Valerio Lucarini
- Subjects
Generalization ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Boundary (topology) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Lyapunov exponent ,Dynamical Systems (math.DS) ,01 natural sciences ,Measure (mathematics) ,Fractal dimension ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,symbols.namesake ,Fractal ,Dimension (vector space) ,0103 physical sciences ,FOS: Mathematics ,Mathematics - Dynamical Systems ,010306 general physics ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Mathematical Physics ,Mathematics ,Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) ,Applied Mathematics ,Mathematical analysis ,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics ,16. Peace & justice ,Uncertainty exponent ,Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability ,symbols ,Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD) ,Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an) - Abstract
We show that a known condition for having rough basin boundaries in bistable 2D maps holds for high-dimensional bistable systems that possess a unique nonattracting chaotic set embedded in their basin boundaries. The condition for roughness is that the cross-boundary Lyapunov exponent $\lambda_x$ {\bfac on the nonattracting set} is not the maximal one. Furthermore, we provide a formula for the generally noninteger co-dimension of the rough basin boundary, which can be viewed as a generalization of the Kantz-Grassberger formula. This co-dimension that can be at most unity can be thought of as a partial co-dimension, and, so, it can be matched with a Lyapunov exponent. We show {\bfac in 2D noninvertible- and 3D invertible minimal models,} that, formally, it cannot be matched with $\lambda_x$. Rather, the partial dimension $D_0^{(x)}$ that $\lambda_x$ is associated with in the case of rough boundaries is trivially unity. Further results hint that the latter holds also in higher dimensions. This is a peculiar feature of rough fractals. Yet, $D_0^{(x)}$ cannot be measured via the uncertainty exponent along a line that traverses the boundary. Indeed, one cannot determine whether the boundary is a rough or a filamentary fractal by measuring fractal dimensions. Instead, one needs to measure both the maximal and cross-boundary Lyapunov exponents numerically or experimentally.
- Published
- 2020
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