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The estimation of therapeutic efficiency of combined application of Ranitidin, Amoxicillin and Metronidazole in 100 patients with gastric polyposis is carried out. It is shown, that a painful syndrome and dyspeptic manifestations are liquidated or diminish under treatment influence. Simultaneously some favorable shifts on the part of gastric function is marked. According to the data of long-term observations in the majority of the patients the disappearance of polyps or decrease of their sizes is marked.

The group of 50 patients with the fatty hepatosis and an accompanying cholecystitis in the age from 22 till 60 years were examined alongside by clinical and some modern laboratory ultrasonic, biochemical researches. In portions "B" and "C" of the bile the level of cholic acids and cholesterol were investigated with the subsequent account of the cholate-cholesterol coefficient. It was shown that in the most of the patients with fatty hepatosis and an accompanying cholecystitis observes infringement of physical and chemical bile properties what correspond to 1st stage of the disease. The use of Essentiale with Cholagogue in the complex therapy at the pathology of hepato-biliary system renders the expressed therapeutic effect. Thus, alongside with the positive dynamic of clinical disease symptoms the bile lithogenic features are lowering.

The investigation of the gastric mucigenous function in dynamics in the treatment by antisecretory medications was carried out in 120 patients with peptic ulcer disease. The selective Mi-cholinolytic gastrocepine, H2-blockers--Ranitidin and Famotidin, the proton pump inhibitor--Omeprasol, were used in the complex therapy. The mucigenous stomach function was investigated by the biochemical method at the level of sialic acids fractions, glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans and proteins. It was shown that at the exacerbation of the ulcerative disease the expressed changes in gastric mucus were observed. It was shown, that Mi-cholinolytic gastrocepine has the most effective recovering activity on the gastric mucigenous function. The obtained results expand the possibilities of differential use of antisecretory preparations in ulcerative disease in connection with the gastric mucigenous function and acidity disorders.

Aim: To investigate aggressive-protective factors in patients with erosive lesions of gastroduodenal mucosa., Material and Methods: Intragastric pH-metry, tests for Helicobacter pylori, lysozyme activity, content of bile acid in gastric juice, components of gastric mucous gel were made in 106 patients., Results: It is shown that there are two alternative paths of erosions development in the gastroduodenal zone: infectious and non-infectious., Conclusion: In patients infected with Helicobacter pylori, lowering of a protective ability of the mucous gel is caused by prevalence of synthesis of immature mucous components while in non-infected patients this happens as a result of high catabolism of mucous components.

The treatment efficiency was estimated in 128 patients with peptic ulcer (65 patients were treated in policlinic in daily hospital and 63 patients were treated in usual hospital). It was demonstrated that the duration of treatment in daily hospital was average reduced on 4.8 days and treatment value in daily hospital was lowered on 49%. So, the introduction and development of the hospital-replacing forms of the medical help had allowed rationally and economically use the resources of public health.

Effectiveness of dalargin and intravenous laser blood beaming (ILBB) in combined treatment of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (CAP) was studied in 105 patients (8 females and 97 males) with CAP duration 1 to 25 years. Pancreatic function and treatment effects were studied by routine clinical investigations, advanced laboratory, biochemical tests, radioimmunossays. Pancreatic disorders in alcoholics present with high blood levels of trypsin and lipase, low levels of insulin and C-peptide. Serum concentrations of hydrocortisone and gastrin were elevated. Combined treatment of CAP with adjuvant dalargin and ILBB not only relieves clinical symptoms but also promotes normalization of pancreatic function.

Aim: Elucidation of some pathogenetic mechanisms of cholelithiasis in biliary diseases., Materials and Methods: The examination of 45 patients suffering from gall bladder and biliary tracts lesions complicated with cholelithiasis included: measurements of bilirubin, bile acids and cholesterol in bile portions B and C; estimation of the cholatocholesterol coefficient; duodenomanometry; radioimmunoassay of thyroxine, thyrotropine, insulin, hydrocortisone and gastrin in peripheral blood., Results: A correlation was found between cholelithiasis and changes in intraduodenal pressure as well as secretion of hormones (gastrin, insulin, hydrocortisone, thyroxine, thyrotropine). Combined therapy including xenofalk and polyphepan in biliary diseases produced a good therapeutic response. Besides relief of clinical symptoms and improvement of intraduodenal pressure, positive changes were seen in bile lithogenicity., Conclusion: The data obtained contribute to better understanding of cholelithiasis and planning of relevant preventive measures.

The examination of 52 patients with erosive lesion of the gastroduodenal zone (39 patients with erosive gastritis and 13 with erosive duodenitis) has found association of gastroduodenal erosions with changes in intragastric and intraduodenal pressure, gastric concentrations of biliary acids, hormone secretion (gastrin, insulin, hydrocortisone, thyroxine, thyrotropine), with low functional capacity of the mucus in gastric contents, the presence of Helicobacter pylori. Combined treatment with polyphepan and cerucal produced good response in erosive gastritis and duodenitis. Along with relief of the clinical symptoms and erosion epithelization in 96% of the patients, there was a reduction in the cavity pressure and bile acids concentration in gastric contents, normalization of pyloric function, improvement of the function of gastric mucosa protective barrier.

Aim: To study hepatic function after cholecystectomy and the role of absorptive-excretory function of the liver and hormonal factors in development of postcholecystectomy syndrome., Materials and Methods: 106 patients long after cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis were examined for absorptive-excretory function of the liver and blood hormones (hydrocortisone, insulin, gastrin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyrotropine). I-131-bengal-rose hepatography, dynamic hepatobiliscintigraphy with brommeside-Tc-99m, radioimmunoassay were employed., Results: Impairment, often subclinical, of hepatic absorption and excretion after cholecystectomy was found in 94% of the patients. External function of the liver after cholecystectomy was disturbed depending on the condition of its absorptive-excretory function. Hepatic dysfunctions and changes in blood hormones correlated., Conclusion: Absorptive-excretory function and hormonal factors are essential in pathogenesis of postcholecystectomy syndrome.

Gastroenterological examination of 910 adolescents in rural outpatient clinic revealed gastroduodenal disorders (gastritis, erosive gastrobulbitis, gastroduodenitis, gastroduodenal ulcer) in 101 of them (11.1%). Immediate and long-term responses showed that anti-relapse treatment on the individual basis may appear highly beneficial for adolescents with gastrointestinal diseases.

The incidence and causes of gastroenterological diseases in the population of Udmurtia are analyzed. Factors of risk of such diseases were defined and the "portraits" of patients with gastric and hepatic diseases designed. The quality of medical care rendered to the said patient population was assessed. The results of the study helped develop a republican program aimed at improvement of gastroenterological service and at prevention of diseases of the organs of digestion.

Gastric function was studied in 69 peptic ulcer patients in the long-term period after gastric resection according to Billroth-I and Billroth-II. Enzyme-producing function of the stomach was appraised according to the blood pepsinogen content, acid-forming function was assessed with the aid of intragastric pH-metry, and mucus-forming one in accordance with the content of hexosamines and sialic acids in gastric juice. The patients showed different alterations in gastric function. A correlation analysis was used to establish the role played by the neurohormonal systems (leu-enkephalin, beta-endorphin, gastrin, somatotropin, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, cortisol) in the derangement of secretory function of the resected stomach. The data obtained enable one to come closer to understanding the ineffectiveness in some cases of drug and surgical therapy of peptic ulcer. On the other hand, specification of the regularities of the impairment of secretory function of the stomach will be helpful in elaborating methods of gastric function correction at the neurohormonal level.

Combined investigation of gastroduodenal system was carried out in 40 patients with bronchial asthma. The findings suggest that bronchial asthma is associated in the majority of cases with different gastroduodenal disorders. Mechanisms of the latter onset are considered. Knowledge of concomitant pathology would be of help in determining optimal individually-adjusted therapy of bronchial asthma.

Results are reported of an investigation of the levels of cortisol, pancreatic and thyroid hormones in 38 patients with the infectious-allergic form of bronchial asthma. Unloading dietotherapy was accompanied by an improvement of the clinical course of the disease, reduction of necessity in broncholytic and hormonal agents. During the unloading dietotherapy period some variants of hormonal response to hunger were revealed. Patients with a severe course of the acidotic crisis revealed a reduction of the insulin level, changes in the cortisol dynamics, T4, a tendency to an increase of T3 in the blood.

Certain features of the body hormonal system participation in the realizing of the specific dynamic action of food (SDAF) were studied in 26 patients with exogenous constitutional obesity. The radioimmunoassay was used to estimate the levels of a number of hormones (gastrin, insulin, glucagon, triiodothyronine, thyrotrophin, adrenocorticotrophin and hydrocortisone) in the peripheral blood of the patients on an empty stomach (the basal level) and 1,2 and 4 hours after food protein intake. The control group consisted of 20 normal subjects. It has been shown that SDAF is a complex process of changing from the state of hunger to satiation that involves many regulatory components, both nervous and humoral. The study of the features of the SDAF development in health and disease presents valuable information on the mechanisms of metabolic disorders in the body in varying pathologic states including obesity.

A study was made of the time course of changes in gastrin, insulin and ACTH concentration in the peripheral blood in the course of the development of a specific dynamic food action. Eighteen normal subjects and 78 patients with peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis and chronic enterocolitis were entered into the study. It was demonstrated that apart from digestion stimulation, food intake acted as the most important factor changing the hormonal level in the body. Studies of the blood level of hormones in the course of food intake in patients allowed the detection of various deviations from normal occurring in hormonal secretion.

A study was made of changes of the content of hormones (gastrin, insulin, glucagon, triodonthyronine, thyroxine, thyrotrophin, somatotrophin, adrenocorticotrophin and hydrocortisone) under the influence of standard food load in 166 patients with GIT diseases (gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic anacid gastritis and chronic enteritis). Forty-three healthy persons entered the control group. Hormones were determined in the peripheral blood by radioimmunoassay. Taking food in healthy persons was shown to cause the stimulation of the secretion of most hormones. To elucidate the mechanisms of hormonal shifts after food load, hormones were also studied after per os intake of solutions with different pH. Disorders of postprandial reactions of the endocrine system which were specific for these nosological forms, were revealed in GIT diseases. The results of the study are of interest in view of new approaches to functional interrelationships of the GIT with endocrine glands.

The effect of combined use of pentoxifylline and solcoseryl was studied in 35 patients with chronic pancreatitis. General clinical findings were studied in parallel with the time course of pancreatic exocrine (trypsin) and endocrine (insulin, C-peptide) function. The blood level of gastrin and changes in intestinal function using 131I-lipids were also studied. The incorporation of both drugs in multimodality therapy made a positive therapeutic effect, resulting in a decrease in the pain syndrome and dyspeptic symptoms. At the same time some favorable shifts in pancreatic and GI tract function were noted. Possible mechanisms of a positive therapeutic effect were discussed. A conclusion was made that the incorporation of pentoxifylline and solcoseryl in multimodality therapy of chronic pancreatitis was clinically justified and determined pathogenetically.

The correlation between intestinal resorption and changes in hormone (gastrin, insulin, triiodothyronine, ACTH and cortisol) and cyclic nucleotide secretion was examined in 53 patients with chronic enteritis. Blood hormone and cyclic nucleotide levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Intestinal activity was assessed by combined diagnostic tests. Most patients with impaired small-intestinal resorption showed considerable changes in hormonal and cyclic nucleotide levels. Abnormal operation of the hormone-cyclase system may be related to changed levels of both the hormones and cyclic nucleotides. The results of the study may be useful for the understanding of the pathogenesis as well as the diagnosis of intestinal resorption disorders in patients with chronic enteritis.

The effect of food on gastrin secretion was examined in 62 patients with various diseases of the alimentary system (chronic gastritis, chronic cholecystitis, chronic pancreatitis) and in 16 normal subjects. In normal persons, the initial gastrin level in the blood was 55.4 +/- 5.2 ng/ml, while in patients with chronic gastritis and chronic pancreatitis, it was increased and in chronic cholecystitis diminished. Development of atrophic gastritis led to the delay of gastrin secretion irrespective of the food irritant type. The patients suffering from chronic cholecystitis manifested a paradoxical reaction (a decrease in gastrin concentration) to fat intake. The patients with chronic pancreatitis showed a decrease in the gastrin content in response to glucose and absence of substantial changes in response to fat.

Duodenal acidification was studied in 53 peptic ulcer patients. Gastric and duodenal pH was studied using an electric probe with silver chloride and antimony electrodes. For a study of the mechanisms of changes of duodenal acidification gastrin was investigated using various exercise tests. Two types of disorders of duodenal acidification were established in the patients: related and unrelated to the vagus nerve. Characterization of the mechanism of disorders of duodenal acidification was provided. A study of duodenal acidification in peptic ulcer gave an opportunity for the development of effective pathogenetically substantiated therapeutic measures.