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The compositions of the various groups of liposoluble compounds in the peel and flesh of the fruitPyrus communis of the varieties Williams and Bere Ardanpon have been established and their amounts have been determined by chromatographic and chemical methods. The qualitative compositions have been shown to be identical and characteristic quantitative differences have been found in the lipids of individual elements of these pairs. The fatty acid compositions of the lipids have been studied.

A series of changes in sensory sphere take place in conditions of extremal and unusual influences. These changes are determined directly by processes at the receptor level and indirectly--by the central interaction. In spite of great variety of the influences, there are some general laws in changes of functional state of afferent systems analogous to biophysical and neurophysiological processes. The evaluation of functional state of sensory systems in such conditions can only proceed on ergonomic base taking into consideration the sensory fatigue as well.

Investigations of over 300 oncological patients and 120 healthy individuals have evidenced a considerable increase in the frequency of detecting antibodies to thyreoglobulin (in the titre 1/80 and higher) in patients with cancer of the breast, sigmoid and stomach in females and a tendency to such increase in cancer of the uterine body, and a number of other localizations.

Bombesin, some of its fragments and analogues, being injected intracerebroventricularly, induce rapid decline in body temperature. The active fragment of bombesin--C-terminal nonapeptide--induced a 25% depression of oxygen consumption in cold-exposed rabbits, no changes in the shivering thermogenesis, and a 3.5--5.0-fold increase of ear blood vessels section area accompanied by a gain in linear velocity of blood flow. The peripheral blood flow seems to be the main effector of the bombesin-induced hypothermia.

A new dosage form of gentamicin, 0.3 per cent eye drops with polyglucin was developed. Its pharmacokinetics and chemotherapeutic properties were studied. It was shown that in the form of eye drops gentamicin has a prolonged action, provides high levels of penetration into the eye tissues and is effective in the treatment of eye infections.

V. G. Savinov and S. E. Kudritskaya, in: Proceedings of the IVth All-Union Seminar on Biologically Active (Medicinal) Substances of Fruits and Berries [in Russian], Miturinsk (1972), p. 562. B. H. Davies, in: Chemistry and Biology of Plant Pigments (ed. T. W. Goodwin) 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, Vol. i (1976), p. 870. V. N. Karnaukhov, The Functions of Carotenoids in Animal Cells [in Russian], Moscow (1973). R. F. Taylor, A. D. Little, and A. Park, Adv. Chromatogr. 22, 159 (1983). N. V. Berezovskii, The Chemistry of the Vitamins [in Russian], Moscow (1973).

Experimental and theoretical investigations have made it possible to define more exactly some features of ice formation on solid surfaces