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Simultaneous vertical ridge augmentation (VRA) can reduce treatment procedures and surgery time, but the concomitant reduction in primary stability (PS) of a shallow-placed implant imparts risk to its prognosis. Although several studies have reported improvements in PS, there is little information from any simultaneous VRA model. This study aimed to evaluate whether tapered implants with stepwise under-prepared osteotomy could improve the PS of shallow-placed implants in an in vitro model of simultaneous VRA. Tapered implants (Straumann® Bone Level Tapered implant; BLT) and hybrid implants (Straumann® Bone Level implant; BL) were investigated in this study. A total of 80 osteotomies of different depths (4, 6, 8, 10 mm) were created in rigid polyurethane foam blocks, and each BLT and BL was inserted by either standard (BLT-S, BL-S) or a stepwise under-prepared (BLT-U, BL-U) osteotomy protocol. The PS was evaluated by measuring maximum insertion torque (IT), implant stability quotient (ISQ), and removal torque (RT). The significance level was set at P

Purpose To compare three-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with/without partial maximum intensity projection (MIP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Materials and methods Three-dimensional MRCP and ERCP images were retrospectively analyzed in 24 patients with AIP. We evaluated the narrowing length of the main pancreatic duct (NR-MPD), multiple skipped MPD narrowing (SK-MPD), and side branches arising from the narrowed portion of the MPD (SB-MPD) using four MRCP datasets: 5 original images (MIP 5 ), 10 original images (MIP 10 ), all original images (full-MIP), and a combination of these three datasets (a-MIP). The images were scored using a 3- or 5-point scale. The scores of the four MRCP datasets were statistically analyzed, and the positive rate of each finding was compared between MRCP and ERCP. Results The median scores for SB-MPD on MIP 5 and a-MIP were significantly higher than those on MIP 10 and full-MIP. In other words, partial MIP is superior to full-MIP for visualization of detailed structures. The positive rate for SB-MPD on full-MIP was significantly lower than that on ERCP, whereas the positive rate on MIP 5 , MIP 10 , and a-MIP was not significantly different from that on ERCP. Moreover, the positive rate for NR-MPD and SK-MPD on the MRCP images was significantly higher than that on the ERCP images. Conclusion Partial MIP is useful for evaluating the MPD and is comparable with ERCP for diagnosing AIP.

Aim To enhance the usefulness of splenic perfusion evaluated by means of dynamic computed tomography (CT) and spleen size in assessing the degree of liver fibrosis. Methods We retrospectively studied 133 patients who had undergone dynamic CT before hepatectomy. Fibrosis was histologically established in all. First we calculated splenic perfusion parameters K1 (inflow rate constant), 1/k2 (mean transit time; MTT), and K1/k2 (distribution volume; Vd), using compartment model analysis. Then we compared the stage of fibrosis with splenic perfusion and spleen size (long axis, R), using the Kruskal–Wallis test and multiple comparisons. After that, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the combination of splenic perfusion, spleen size, age, gender, and the presence or absence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viral infection in detecting liver fibrosis, using stepwise regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results Significant differences (P

Statement of problem Translucent multicolored zirconia materials enable more esthetic complete contour zirconia fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) than conventional zirconia, which exhibits low translucency and high opacity and is monochromatic. However, how the marginal and internal fit of translucent multicolored zirconia FDPs compare with those of traditional frameworks that require veneering is unclear. Purpose The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal and internal fit of frameworks and complete contour 3-unit FDPs fabricated from translucent multicolored zirconia. Material and methods Frameworks with a thickness of 0.5 mm and complete contour FDPs with a thickness of 0.8 to 1.5 mm were manufactured by using a workflow similar to one from a zirconia master model (mandibular left second premolar-mandibular left second molar). Two polyvinyl siloxane replicas were made for each specimen to measure the marginal and internal fit. Measurement locations were mesial, lingual, buccal, and distal for each abutment. In these locations, the marginal opening (MO), chamfer area (CA), axial wall (AW), and occlusal area (OC) were measured. The data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc test (α=.05). Results Frameworks showed significantly better mean ±standard deviation fit values than complete contour 3-unit FDPs at measurement areas MO (frameworks: 112 ±22 μm, complete contour FDPs: 144 ±37 μm) (P=.013), CA (frameworks: 89 ±12 μm, complete contour FDPs: 110 ±22 μm) (P=.006), and OC (frameworks: 182 ±36 μm, complete contour FDPs: 244 ±64 μm) (P=.008). At the measurement area AW (frameworks: 47 ±7 μm, complete contour FDPs: 50 ±9 μm of each location, no significant difference was observed between frameworks and complete contour FDPs (P=.361). Conclusions Design differences in 3-unit FDPs fabricated from translucent multicolored zirconia influenced the marginal and internal fit. Frameworks had smaller marginal fit than complete contour FDPs for translucent multicolored zirconia.

To determine a quick and accurate user input method for manipulating tablet personal computers (PCs) in sterile techniques. We evaluated three different manipulation methods, (1) Computer mouse and sterile system drape, (2) Fingers and sterile system drape, and (3) Digitizer stylus and sterile ultrasound probe cover with a pinhole, in terms of the central processing unit (CPU) performance, manipulation performance, and contactlessness. A significant decrease in CPU score ( $$p< 0.001$$ ) and an increase in CPU temperature ( $$p< 0.001$$ ) were observed when a system drape was used. The respective mean times taken to select a target image from an image series (ST) and the mean times for measuring points on an image (MT) were $$5.84 \pm 2.04$$ and $$5.65 \pm 1.02$$ s for the computer mouse method, $$6.67 \pm 3.12$$ and $$3.89 \pm 0.91$$ s for the finger method, and $$4.09 \pm 1.41$$ and $$3.52 \pm 0.94$$ s for the digitizer stylus method, respectively. The ST for the finger method was significantly longer than for the digitizer stylus method ( $$p = 0.047$$ ). The MT for the computer mouse method was significantly longer than for the digitizer stylus method ( $$p = 0.001$$ ). The mean success rate for measuring points on an image was significantly lower for the finger method when the diameter of the target was equal to or smaller than 8 mm than for the other methods. No significant difference in the adenosine triphosphate amount at the surface of the tablet PC was observed before, during, or after manipulation via the digitizer stylus method while wearing starch-powdered sterile gloves ( $$p = 0.89$$ ). Quick and accurate manipulation of tablet PCs in sterile techniques without CPU load is feasible using a digitizer stylus and sterile ultrasound probe cover with a pinhole.

Dans son article consacré à Maurice Blanchot, Étienne Balibar essaye de montrer la radicalité de la « Déclaration sur le droit à l'insoumission dans la guerre d'Algérie » à travers l'analyse de textes propres à Blanchot : « La littérature et le droit à la mort » et « L'insurrection, la folie d'écrire ». Dans ces deux textes, Blanchot aborde, aux yeux de Balibar, un « rapport paradoxal » qui rapporte la « littérature » à « des moments extrêmes de la politique ». En nous rapprochant ainsi du point où se croisent chez Blanchot la question de la littérature et celle de la politique, Balibar nous incite à examiner à quel horizon l'insoumission, telle que Blanchot la conçoit, peut avoir au juste une effectivité. Certes, Balibar a voulu tirer de la Déclaration les idées qui peuvent produire des pratiques politiques « au-delà de son moment propre ». Et pourtant, avant de donner sa proposition constructive, Balibar nous inspire un doute qui dénie l'effectivité de la Déclaration en tant qu'activité politique : « le droit à l'insoumission, en tant qu'activité individuelle et collective à la hauteur de l'état d'urgence démocratique [...] n'existerait à proprement parler que dans l'espace littéraire? » Tout en présentant ce doute, Balibar oriente la lecture des textes de Blanchot vers un schème de transgression et un schème de résistance pour retrouver chez Blanchot les idées qui permettent de préparer des pratiques effectives dans l'espace politique. Tout en acceptant l'orientation que Balibar nous a proposée, je me demande encore si l'insurrection, soit sous forme de transgression, soit sous forme de résistance, n'existe que dans l'espace littéraire. J'oserai avancer donc une hypothèse : l'insurrection telle que Blanchot la conçoit avec Sade n'existe que dans un espace « littéraire » ; mais un tel espace « littéraire » peut s'ouvrir sur l'espace politique. À travers la lecture de textes de Blanchot, de Stirner et de Derrida, je tâtonne une insurrection « littéraire » dont l'effectivité est justement politique., Workshop: What "we" owe to Étienne Balibar's reading--Individuality and Community, from Rousseau to Blanchot (January 17th, 2015), Journée d'études : Ce que « nous » devons à la lecture d'Étienne Balibar--Individualité et Communauté, de Rousseau à Blanchot (le 17 janvier 2015)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the transmittance of visible light (VL) (λ: 400-700 nm) and blue light (BL) (λ: 360-540 nm) through six CAD/CAM zirconia blanks (ZiB) in comparison to a lithium disilicate ceramic (LS2). Disks of the zirconia materials Bruxzir (BX), Cercon (CE), Lava Frame (LF), Lava Plus (LP), Prettau (PT), Zenostar (ZS) and LS2 (EM) were manufactured and the transmittance was measured in a spectrophotometer. ZS, followed by CE, PT, LP, LF, and BX showed the lowest transmittance of VL and BL. The highest transmittance was shown by EM. The transmittance of BL was lower than that of VL in all groups. EM ceramics showed higher transmittance than all zirconia materials and the thickness of zirconia materials influenced the transmittance values. Knowledge about VL and BL transmittance would help clinicians to individually tailor the selection of material to the specific indication and to make the right choice regarding the luting procedure and light curing duration.

Full-contour zirconia restorations are gaining in popularity. Highly translucent zirconia materials and multi-coloured zirconia blocks might help to overcome the aesthetic drawbacks of traditional zirconia. This study evaluated the transmittance of visible light (400-700 nm) through the four different layers (Enamel Layer EL, Transition Layer 1 TL1, Transition Layer 2 TL2, Body Layer BL) of a multi-coloured zirconia block (KATANA™ Zirconia Multi-Layered Disc (ML)) using a spectrophotometer. Forty specimens (thickness of 1±0.05 mm) from each layer were examined and statistically evaluated at a confidence-level of 5%. Light transmittance was expressed as a percentage of the through-passing light. The following mean values (SD) were found: EL 32.8% (1.5), TL1 31.2% (1.3), TL2 25.4% (1.3) and BL 21.7% (1.1). Significant differences were found between all groups (ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls). This multi-coloured zirconia block showed four layers with different light transmittance capabilities. It might therefore be useful for enhancing the aesthetic appearance of full-contour zirconia restorations made from this material.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the liver stiffness (LS) measured on magnetic resonance (MR) elastography can be estimated by a combination of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging (EOB-MRI) and ordinary blood tests.We evaluated 33 consecutive patients with suspected liver disease who underwent EOB-MRI using a Differential Subsampling with Cartesian Ordering MR sequence and MR elastography using a 1.5-T MR system in this prospective study. A stepwise multiple linear regression model analysis of LS was performed using various predictive values obtained from two-in-one-uptake, two-compartment model analysis of EOB-MRI (velocity constants of arterial inflow [KMultiple linear regression model analysis revealed that hepatic perfusion-uptake index (HPUI = -KLS can be estimated quantitatively with the use of HPUI obtained from compartment model analysis of EOB-MRI combined with ALBI-LP and blood platelet count.

To verify the utility of the 2-in-1-out-compartment model analysis (CMA) of intravenous contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography (IV-CT) for evaluating hepatic arterial and portal venous flow using intra-arterial contrast-enhanced CT (IA-CT).We retrospectively evaluated 49 consecutive patients who underwent IV-CT and were radiologically or histologically diagnosed as having hepatic malignant lesion (51 classical hepatocellular carcinomas [HCC], 4 early HCC, 3 cholangiolocellular carcinomas, 1 mixed HCC, 3 cholangiocellular carcinomas). As a gold standard for hepatic arterial and portal blood flows, we defined the normalized enhancement in CT values on CTAP (nCTAP) and CTHA (nCTHA). The hepatic arterial (kThe highest mean correlation coefficient between kHepatic arterial and portal venous flows can be evaluated quantitatively to some extent with appropriate outflow velocity constant limits using the CMA of IV-CT.

To enhance the usefulness of splenic perfusion evaluated by means of dynamic computed tomography (CT) and spleen size in assessing the degree of liver fibrosis.We retrospectively studied 133 patients who had undergone dynamic CT before hepatectomy. Fibrosis was histologically established in all. First we calculated splenic perfusion parameters KSignificant differences (P 0.05) in MTT were observed in comparisons between fibrosis stages F0 and F4, between F1 and F4, and between F2 and F4. Significant differences (P 0.05) in R were observed in comparisons between F0 and F4, and between F1 and F4. Considering the presence or absence of hepatitis B and C viral infection along with MTT and R, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.89 for ≥F1, 0.83 for ≥F2, 0.82 for ≥F3, and 0.82 for F4.Splenic MTT and spleen size are helpful in assessing liver fibrosis.

Steric analysis of morphological changes is important for evaluation of surgical techniques. This study was performed to assess the measurement accuracy of alveolar soft tissue contour with a laboratory laser scanner. The width of the maxillary alveolar soft tissue contour was evaluated in 20 volunteers. Measurement sites were established in the alveolar soft tissue contour of the maxillary incisor and canine areas. Each site was evaluated by direct measurement with a microcaliper for each subject (DMM) and image measurement using a laboratory laser scanner (IMS). The accuracy of measurement methods was evaluated. Additionally, two plaster models obtained from the same subjects were scanned and superimposed, and the nonoverlapping areas were measured. Each measurement method exhibited a strong correlation (r = 0.89). The interclass correlation coefficient (single measure) between examiners was also high for each measurement method (PMM 0.978; IMS 0.997). In the superimposed images of the two plaster models, the distance of the nonoverlapping region was only 0.06 ± 0.08 mm in the labial aspect and 0.07 ± 0.09 mm in the palatal aspect. The image measurement of the scanning data shows high accuracy in evaluation of the alveolar soft tissue contour. This technique is useful for evaluation of chronological changes in the alveolar contour after soft and hard tissue augmentation.

Purpose Imaging criteria for diagnosing compressive ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) have recently been established as the maximum ulnar nerve cross-sectional area (UNCSA) upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or ultrasonography (US). However, the levels of maximum UNCSA and diagnostic cutoff values have not yet been established. We therefore analyzed UNCSA by MRI and US in patients with UNE and in controls. Methods We measured UNCSA at 7 levels in 30 patients with UNE and 28 controls by MRI and at 15 levels in 12 patients with UNE and 24 controls by US. We compared UNCSA as determined by MRI or US and determined optimal diagnostic cutoff values based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results The UNCSA was significantly larger in the UNE group than in controls at 3, 2, 1, and 0 cm proximal and 1, 2, and 3 cm distal to the medial epicondyle for both modalities. The UNCSA was maximal at 1 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle for MRI (16.1 ± 3.5 mm 2 ) as well as for US (17 ± 7 mm 2 ). A cutoff value of 11.0 mm 2 for MRI and US was found to be optimal for differentiating between patients with UNE and controls, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.95 for MRI and 0.96 for US. The UNCSA measured by MRI was not significantly different from that by US. Intra-rater and interrater reliabilities for UNCSA were all greater than 0.77. The UNCSA in the severe nerve dysfunction group of 18 patients was significantly larger than that in the mild nerve dysfunction group of 12 patients. Conclusions By measuring UNCSA with MRI or US at 1 cm proximal to the ME, patients with and without UNE could be discriminated at a cutoff threshold of 11.0 mm 2 with high sensitivity, specificity, and reliability. Type of study/level of evidence Diagnostic III.

We aimed to reveal the difference in contrast enhancement of the abdominal organs and major vessels on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCM-MRI) using gadoxetic sodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) in the same patients.DCM-MRI using Gd-EOBDTPA and Gd-DTPA were performed in the same 17 patients. Precontrast and DCM-MRI images [arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (PP), hepatic venous phase (HP)] were acquired before and after bolus injection of each contrast agent. The organ-to-muscle ratio [liver (L/M), spleen (S/M), aorta (A/M), portal vein (P/M), hepatic vein (V/M)] were calculated at each phase and analyzed statistically.There was no significant difference between Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-DTPA images regarding the L/M or V/M mean on precontrast images or the mean of L/M at AP and L/M at the PP. At the AP, PP, and HP, the means of S/M, A/M, P/M, and V/M with Gd-EOBDTPA were lower than those with Gd-DTPA. On HP, The mean L/M with Gd-EOB-DTPA was higher than that with Gd-DTPA.On 3-T DCM-MRI using Gd-EOB-DTPA, contrast enhancement of the organs, except for the liver, was lower than that on DCM-MRI using Gd-DTPA. The HP was already affected by hepatobiliary uptake in Gd-EOB-DTPA.

Purpose: To determine whether liver function correlating with indocyanine green (ICG) clearance could be estimated quantitatively from gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Twenty-three consecutive patients who underwent an ICG clearance test and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging with the same parameters as were used for a preoperative examination were chosen. The hepatocellular uptake index (HUI) from liver volume (V(L)) and mean signal intensity of the liver on contrastenhanced T1-weighted images with fat suppression (L(20)) and mean signal intensity of the spleen on contrastenhanced T1-weighted images with fat suppression (S(20)) on 3D gradient-echo T1-weighted images with fat suppression obtained at 20 minutes after gadoxetate disodium (0.025 mmol per kilogram of body weight) administration was determined with the following equation: V(L)[(L(20)/S(20)) 2 1]. The correlation of the plasma disappearance rate of ICG (ICG-PDR) and various factors derived from MR imaging, including HUI, iron and fat deposition in the liver and spleen, and spleen volume (V(S)), were evaluated with stepwise multiple regression analysis. The difference between the ratio of the remnant HUI to the HUI of the total liver (rHUI/HUI) and ratio of the liver remnant V(L) to the total V(L)(rV(L)/V(L)) was evaluated in four patients who had segmental heterogeneity of liver function. Results: HUI and V(S) were the factors significantly correlated with ICG-PDR (R = 0.87). The mean value and its 95% confidence interval were 0.18 and 0.01 to 0.34, respectively, for the following calculation: (rHUI/HUI) 2 (rV(L)/V(L)). Conclusion: The liver function correlating with ICG-PDR can be estimated quantitatively from the signal intensities and the volumes of the liver and spleen on gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR images, which may improve the estimation of segmental liver function. (C) RSNA, 2011, Article, RADIOLOGY. 260(3):727-733 (2011)

To determine whether liver function correlating with indocyanine green (ICG) clearance could be estimated quantitatively from gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images.This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. Twenty-three consecutive patients who underwent an ICG clearance test and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR imaging with the same parameters as were used for a preoperative examination were chosen. The hepatocellular uptake index (HUI) from liver volume (V(L))and mean signal intensity of the liver on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images with fat suppression (L(20)) and mean signal intensity of the spleen on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images with fat suppression (S(20)) on 3D gradient-echo T1-weighted images with fat suppression obtained at 20 minutes after gadoxetate disodium (0.025 mmol per kilogram of body weight) administration was determined with the following equation: V(L)[(L(20)/S(20)) - 1]. The correlation of the plasma disappearance rate of ICG (ICG-PDR) and various factors derived from MR imaging, including HUI, iron and fat deposition in the liver and spleen, and spleen volume (V(S)), were evaluated with stepwise multiple regression analysis. The difference between the ratio of the remnant HUI to the HUI of the total liver (rHUI/HUI) and ratio of the liver remnant V(L) to the total V(L) (rV(L)/V(L)) was evaluated in four patients who had segmental heterogeneity of liver function.HUI and V(S) were the factors significantly correlated with ICG-PDR (R = 0.87). The mean value and its 95% confidence interval were 0.18 and 0.01 to 0.34, respectively, for the following calculation: (rHUI/HUI) - (rV(L)/V(L)).The liver function correlating with ICG-PDR can be estimated quantitatively from the signal intensities and the volumes of the liver and spleen on gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MR images, which may improve the estimation of segmental liver function.

Purpose: Autoimmune pancreatitis is a unique form of chronic pancreatitis characterized by a variety of extra-pancreatic involvements which are frequently misdiagnosed as lesions of corresponding organs. The purpose of this study was to clarify the diagnostic imaging features of extra-pancreatic lesions associated with autoimmune pancreatitis. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed diagnostic images of 90 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis who underwent computer-assisted tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and/or gallium-67 scintigraphy before steroid therapy was initiated. Results: AIP was frequently (92.2%) accompanied by a variety of extra-pancreatic lesions, including swelling of lachrymal and salivary gland lesions (47.5%), lung hilar lymphadenopathy (78.3%), a variety of lung lesions (51.2%), wall thickening of bile ducts (77.8%), peri-pancreatic or para-aortic lymphadenopathy (56.0%), retroperitoneal fibrosis (19.8%), a variety of renal lesions (14.4%), and mass lesions of the ligamentum teres (2.2%). Characteristic findings in CT and MRI included lymphadenopathies of the hilar, peri-pancreatic, and para-aortic regions; wall thickening of the bile duct; and soft tissue masses in the kidney, ureters, aorta, paravertebral region, ligamentum teres, and orbit. Conclusions: Recognition of the diagnostic features in the images of various involved organs will assist in the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis and in differential diagnoses between autoimmune pancreatitis-associated extra-pancreatic lesions and lesions due to other pathologies., Article, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY. 76(2):228-238 (2010)

To assess the degree of hepatic fat content, simple and noninvasive methods with high objectivity and reproducibility are required. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one such candidate, although its accuracy remains unclear. We aimed to validate an MRI method for quantifying hepatic fat content by calibrating MRI reading with a phantom and comparing MRI measurements in human subjects with estimates of liver fat content in liver biopsy specimens. The MRI method was performed by a combination of MRI calibration using a phantom and double-echo chemical shift gradient-echo sequence (double-echo fast low-angle shot sequence) that has been widely used on a 1.5-T scanner. Liver fat content in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, n = 26) was derived from a calibration curve generated by scanning the phantom. Liver fat was also estimated by optical image analysis. The correlation between the MRI measurements and liver histology findings was examined prospectively. Magnetic resonance imaging measurements showed a strong correlation with liver fat content estimated from the results of light microscopic examination (correlation coefficient 0.91, P < 0.001) regardless of the degree of hepatic steatosis. Moreover, the severity of lobular inflammation or fibrosis did not influence the MRI measurements. This MRI method is simple and noninvasive, has excellent ability to quantify hepatic fat content even in NAFLD patients with mild steatosis or advanced fibrosis, and can be performed easily without special devices., Article, JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY. 45(12):1263-1271 (2010)

The reactions of a barrel-like cyclic host molecule (decamethylcucurbit [5]uril (MeCuc5)) and decavanadate salts (sodium or ammonium decavanadate (M6[V10O28], M = Na+ or NH4+)) in water at room temperature gave four novel organic−inorganic hybrids, that is, two 2D ladder-like structures, a 1:2 complex, and a one-dimensional infinitely linear chain. Carbonyl oxygen atoms at the portals of the MeCuc5 molecules coordinate to cations (Na+ or NH4+) at the center or corner of the portals, and the resulting cationic organic species and decavanadate anions (HV10O285− and H2V10O284−) interact though electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds in the crystals.

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare condition. Rupture of BAA can cause critical hemorrhage, and intervention for BAA is thus recommended. A 69-year-old woman presented with BAA 70 mm in diameter in the right hilum of the lung. Transcatheter arterial embolization for afferent arteries of the BAA was performed and the BAA has subsequently been shrinking as observed by radiography. We present this case and a brief review of management of BAA based on the literature.

Article, INTERNAL MEDICINE. 47(18):1621-1625 (2008)

Goals The specificity and sensitivity of intravenous-enhanced multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT), superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (SPIO-MRI), multidetector row computed tomography with arterioportography combined with multidetector row computed tomography with hepatic arteriography (CTAP/CTHA), and intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) for detecting hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma were evaluated based on histopathologic examination of resected livers. Study MDCT, SPIO-MRI, CTAP/CTHA, and IOUS were performed routinely to determine surgical indications and methods in patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. The resected liver specimens were then cut serially into sections 3 to 5 mm thick for routine histologic examination. Results Fifty metastatic lesions were detected by histopathologic study of a large amount of anatomically resected liver from 8 patients with colorectal liver metastasis. The tumors ranged in size from 3 to 53 mm (mean 13.8 mm) and 26 lesions (52%) were less than 10 mm in diameter. Histopathologic examination of the resected liver specimens showed that CTAP/CTHA was the most sensitive imaging modality, followed in order by IOUS, SPIO-MRI, and MDCT. Among all the tumors detected by CTAP/CTHA, SPIO-MRI overlooked 5, but all of the tumors detected by SPIO-MRI were also detected by CTAP/CTHA. The number of metastatic liver tumors detected differed significantly among MDCT, SPIO-MRI, and histopathologic examination. One false-positive lesion was detected by IOUS. Conclusions CTAP/CTHA is a useful preoperative imaging modality for detecting small hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma.

症例は64歳，男性．胃全摘術，膵頭十二指腸切除術，糖尿病の既往がある．2004年3月に右季肋部痛を自覚．5月には同部位に腫瘤を触知したため近医を受診．低栄養状態が存在し，腹部CT検査にて肝S4に造影効果のある腫瘤を認めたため，肝悪性腫瘍が疑われ紹介された．しかし，腫瘤内部に門脈域を認めること，造影効果のない小さな液状成分が観察されることおよび体壁への直接浸潤がみられることから，膿瘍特に放線菌症の可能性が高いと判断し経皮的肝生検を施行した．組織学的に放線菌の菌塊を認めたため原発性肝放線菌症と確定診断した．ベンジルペニシリンベンザチン水和物（バイシリンG）120万単位/日の内服治療を開始，2カ月後には膿瘍ならびに体壁へ連続していた結節は縮小し，1年後には消失した．原発性肝放線菌症はまれな疾患であるが，画像所見で腹壁など周囲臓器への浸潤を認める肝膿瘍を見た時には，念頭に置くべきことを示唆する一例である．

Background Fractured connections between implants and implant abutments or abutment screws are frequently encountered in a clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate fracture strength using a torsion test at the interface between the implant and the abutment. Methods Thirty screw-type implant with diameters of 3.3, 3.8, 4.3, 5.0, and 6.0 mm were submitted to a torsion test. Implants of each size were connected to abutments with abutment screws tightened to 20 N · cm. Mechanical stress was applied with a rotational speed of 3.6 °/min until fracture occurred, and maximum torque (fracture torque) and torsional yield strength were measured. The mean values were calculated and then compared using Tukey’s test. The abutments were then removed, and the implant-abutment interfaces were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Result No significant differences in mean fracture torque were found among 3.3, 3.8, and 4.3 mm-diameter implants, but significant differences were found between these sizes and 5.0 and 6.0 mm-diameter implants (p

CAD/CAM-fabricated long-term temporary restorations from high-density polymers can be applied for a wide range of indications. Milled from monolithic, mono-colored polymer blocks, the translucency of the material plays an important role for an esthetically acceptable result. The aim of this study was to compare the transmittance through visible light and blue light of CAD CAM polymers to a glass-ceramic material of the same color. Ambarino High-Class (AM), Telio-CAD (TC), Zenotec PMMA (ZT), Cercon base PMMA (CB), CAD Temp (CT), Artbloc Temp (AT), Polycon ae (PS), New Outline CAD (NC), QUATTRO DISK Eco PMMA (GQ), Lava Ultimate (LU), and Paradigm MZ 100 (PA) were employed in this study using the feldspathic glass-ceramic Vita Mark II (MK) as control group. Using a spectrophotometer, the overall light transmittance was measured for each material (n = 40) and was calculated as the integration (t c (λ) dλ [10-5]) of all t c values for the wavelengths of blue light (360–540 nm). Results were compared to previous data of the authors for visible light (400 to 700 nm). Wilcoxon test showed significant differences between the light transmittance of visible and blue light for all materials. CAD/CAM polymers showed different translucency for blue and visible light. This means clinicians may not conclude from the visible translucency of a material to its permeability for blue light. This influences considerations regarding light curing. CAD/CAM polymers need to be luted adhesively; therefore, clinicians should be aware about the amount of blue light passing through a restoration.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of TAK-778-SR which was sustained-release microcapsules of a bone formation stimulant, TAK-778, and its carrier beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) blocks (pore rates 60%, 75% respectively). The difference of their abilities in bone-formation was evaluated histomorphologically by varying the following conditions: with or without TAK-778, pore ratio of carrier and embedding period.Nine-week-old female SD rats were used. After removing the parietal bone from the head with a trephine bar, the defects were refilled by beta-TCP blocks immersed with or without TAK-778 under the following conditions: saline solution, release microcapsules only, and release microcapsules with TAK-778 (TAK-778-SR). These rats were sacrificed after 5 and 10 weeks and their histological specimens were prepared. Morphological change was observed and the formation rates of each new bone were compared using an NIH imaging program.A significant amount of new bone was morphologically observed in all beta-TCP samples that were treated with TAK-778-SR. A high rate of new bone formation was confirmed in the 10-week samples (pore rate 75%, with TAK-778-SR) with the NIH imaging.1. beta-TCP and release microcapsules did not disturb the recovery process. 2. Five- and 10-week samples (pore rate 60%) were absorbed marginally. 3. Absorption was observed in the 5-week samples (pore rate 75%), and it was accelerated further at 10 weeks. 4. An accelerating bone-formation effect of TAK-778-SR was confirmed and beta-TCP block was proved to be highly useful as a carriage material.