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This review study investigates the appropriation of sensing technology in context-aware ubiquitous learning (CAUL) in the fields of sciences, engineering, and humanities. 40 empirical studi...

The gym of the future will be the quintessence of truly invisible ubiquitous technology that automatically recognizes and tracks the workout progress of each person

While technologies exist that are designed for parents to monitor their toddlers and school-age children, the actual structure and underlying mechanisms of parents information needs have received only limited attention. A systematic understanding of these core components is crucial for designing appropriate solutions and reducing barriers to using this type of technology. Based on accumulated findings from a three-phase study, this paper (1) describes the structure of information that parents seek about their children, (2) explores parents' underlying motivations for seeking this information, (3) presents a classification of major uses of this information, and, (4) through a set of design recommendations, discusses the role that ubiquitous technology can play in addressing information needs and current obstacles to technologically mediated solutions.

Ubiquitous technology, e.g., smartphones or tablets, has created a continuously available digital world, drastically changing our feeling of being in the here and now – named presence. We thus increasingly shift between the real and the digital world, ranging from losing awareness of real surroundings to cutting out the digital world to truly be in the real one. In this work, we aim to explore the middle ground in between. We move beyond classic VR research on presence and look at everyday ubiquitous technology and its influence on presence in the real and digital world. By means of a focus group (N=6) and a subsequent online survey (N=36), we gathered individual notions of presence as well as experiences and situations in which people move between the worlds. We discuss the need to further explore presence and its dynamics across the real and digital worlds in everyday life.

Las medidas destinadas a frenar el impacto de la pandemia se enfocan en el desarrollo de actividades académicas en la modalidad de aprendizaje a distancia. En este sentido, el objetivo fue analizar las dimensiones que subyacen al impacto de los entornos distribuidos de aprendizaje mediados por la tecnología ubicua en una muestra de 204 estudiantes del tercero al quinto grado de secundaria, pertenecientes a dos instituciones educativas de educación básica, Alfonso Ugarte y Gloriosa Legión Cáceres de la Unidad de Gestión Educativa Local UGEL 06, Lima, Perú. Los resultados demostraron que los estudiantes no poseen las condiciones necesarias para el desarrollo de sus actividades académicas durante esta pandemia con escasa motivación y compromiso para el logro efectivo de sus aprendizajes.

The internet of things (IoT) is a ubiquitous technology that plays a major role in monitoring the health condition of patients and is the backbone in the development of the healthcare sectors. IoT provides a platform for the physically inconsistent patients to consult the doctor and can quickly respond to the patient’s needs, and the doctors can have interactions with the patients. There is a huge increase in applications on remote patient monitoring using IoT sensors. IoT has been adopted in hospitals, surgical centers, clinics, medical care centers, clinical research organizations, and research and diagnostic laboratories. Healthcare applications using IoT sensors include telemedicine, remote scanning, remote patient monitoring, sample management, inpatient monitoring, clinical operations, and workflow management. This chapter describes the overall framework of the IoT and the hindrances and challenges faced by implementing IoT in health monitoring. It also focuses on the various IoT medical devices that are used for health monitoring, technologies that are integrated with IoT, and applications of integrating IoT for health monitoring.

The emerging field of printed electronics uses large amounts of printing and coating solvents during fabrication, which commonly are deposited and evaporated within spaces available to workers. It is in this context unfortunate that many of the currently employed solvents are non-desirable from health, safety, or environmental perspectives. Here, we address this issue through the development of a tool for the straightforward identification of functional and “green” replacement solvents. In short, the tool organizes a large set of solvents according to their Hansen solubility parameters, ink properties, and sustainability descriptors, and through systematic iteration delivers suggestions for green alternative solvents with similar dissolution capacity as the current non-sustainable solvent. We exemplify the merit of the tool in a case study on a multi-solute ink for high-performance light-emitting electrochemical cells, where a non-desired solvent was successfully replaced by two benign alternatives. The green-solvent selection tool is freely available at: www.opeg-umu.se/green-solvent-tool., For printed electronics to realize its potential as a sustainable ubiquitous technology, eco-friendly solvents that deliver excellent ink performance must be found. Here, the authors report a free online tool that identifies functional green solvents for solution-processed printed electronics.

Internet of things has emerged to be a ubiquitous technology which has been proved to be a boon for the field of computer science. Many of the domains of computer science can be enhanced by the novel technology of IoT. With the advent of IoT, the need for unique identity to each IoT device came to the scene. Since IoT is comparatively a new domain in computer science and also involves the technology of embedded systems, there comes the necessity to focus on a secure architecture for IoT. This paper will focus on the enhancement of security in IoT by merging the technology of blockchain with it. IoT currently has a centralized architecture and has the security issues but blockchain is a decentralized and distributed platform and implementing blockchain in IoT thus resolves many security threats and vulnerabilities. Furthermore, the issues of data distortion can also be resolved since blockchain includes cryptographic algorithms at the backend. IoT with integrated blockchain can be competent of decentralization, autonomy and trustworthiness. The coordination between millions of IoT devices which in future is also going to increase rapidly can be tracked with high security of blockchain. This paper explores efficiency of blockchain in IoT application. Along with this paper discusses some case studies which is based on blockchain based IoT. There are some steps are described which will give a theoretical idea about how to build a blockchain in an IoT system.

This chapter uses autoethnography to examine game-based learning approaches to teaching. It begins with an analysis of educational games and concludes that curricular games are goal-driven simulations where players can experiment in a risk-free environment. The author then pulls out the essential elements of game-based learning and examines ways in which free and/or ubiquitous technology tools can be used to design curricular games. This chapter addresses common misconceptions about creating digital games and counters them by showing how technological tools that are commonly used by educators can be repurposed into game creation tools. It emphasizes a game design process where the game is derived from the content in order to enable students to engage in deeper learning. The chapter concludes by encouraging educators to explore and make their own discoveries and to share these discoveries with others.

Recently, various ubiquitous technological advancements have benefitted knowledge sharing in different sectors. As there is a close relationship between safety knowledge and awareness, this paper examines the use of Web 2.0, Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile applications in construction safety knowledge sharing for enhancing safety awareness at work. The use of such technologies can improve internal and external communication as well as collaboration. A quantitative survey was conducted to investigate the willingness and uptake of advanced technologies in the Hong Kong construction industry. Out of 23 respondents, 16 were eager to use mobile applications to share safety information. Regarding safety knowledge sharing via Web 2.0, respondents perceived a variety of barriers for not using it, such as the need to protect their company’s privacy issues made them hesitant to share knowledge regarding safety issues; others were of the opinion that Web 2.0 was managed by the elite in the organisation. Only three respondents have used Web 2.0 platforms. The willingness to apply IoT was relatively negative due to the perceived extra operation costs.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental incurable disorder with a long diagnostic period encountered in the early years of life. If diagnosed early, the negative effects of this disease can be reduced by starting special education early. Machine learning (ML), an increasingly ubiquitous technology, can be applied for the early diagnosis of ASD. The aim of this study is to examine and provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of ML research for the diagnosis of ASD based on (a) structural magnetic resonance image (MRI), (b) functional MRI and (c) hybrid imaging techniques over the past decade. The accuracy of the studies with a large number of participants is in general lower than those with fewer participants leading to the conclusion that further large-scale studies are needed. An examination of the age of the participants shows that the accuracy of the automated diagnosis of ASD is higher at a younger age range. ML technology is expected to contribute significantly to the early and rapid diagnosis of ASD in the coming years and become available to clinicians in the near future. This review is aimed to facilitate that.

Indian climate which primarily consists of four seasons and the majority of agriculture in India is practised in monsoon which is rainfed agriculture. The lack of irrigation makes India a potent place for the experiment of efficient water irrigation. Internet of Things (IoT) have emerged has ubiquitous technology which is being used in many fields. Machine Learning has proven to be helpful in data-intensive tasks. IoT and machine learning would prove helpful in agriculture. This paper proposes a system based on the research of machine learning and IoT to increase the efficiency in irrigation. With the help of data gathered through sensors and using machine learning algorithm the amount of water the needed for irrigation is calculated and used for irrigation.

One in every 70 people around the world is caught up in a crisis (natural disasters, conflict, climate change, etc.) and urgently needs humanitarian assistance and protection according to the OCHA. The humanitarian community assists millions of people every year based on emerging humanitarian needs. Most of the time, the conditions inside the countries, once the humanitarian needs data is collected, are not very conducive and required simple ways to collect data like paper-based data collection with simple questions. This data is later entered into a database or spreadsheet using rigorous and time-consuming data entry efforts. Dynamic changes in needs of people; numbers of partners involved; the complexity of evolving processes; and emerging technologies over time has led to a change in processes for data collection and management. This article is an attempt to capture humanitarian data collection best practices and the use of different technologies in managing data to facilitate humanitarian needs assessment processes for the Syria crisis.

Deja vu is a transient, phenomenologically rich, but outwardly invisible memory experience. Its frequent experience is associated with some specific conditions, e.g. temporal lobe epilepsy, though infrequent experience amongst the broader population is widespread. We identify three approaches to the study of deja vu that focus on different combinations of the properties outlined above: (1) the study of naturalistic experiences in broad samples; (2) the study of observable experiences in special samples; and (3) experimental approaches in broad samples. Each approach has yielded insight, though trades this off against the generalisability of findings to our understanding of naturalistic deja vu in the general population. We review the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, before proposing a convergent approach that overcomes many of the methodological challenges specific to each individual approach. We propose a standardised, large-scale, collaborative approach, with which deja vu experiences are prospectively recorded and interrogated using ubiquitous technology (e.g., mobile phone apps). Such an approach would afford the advantages of each individual approach above, but would require large-scale coordination. As the study of deja vu matures, we believe a convergent approach has tremendous power to reveal more of the true nature of this captivating phenomenon.

There is an outstanding concern from the international standard-setting community about harmonics distortion in the frequency range 2–150 kHz, referred to as supraharmonics. Power electronics has established as a ubiquitous technology, which plays a linchpin role in almost any electrical systems. The classical deterministic pulse-width modulation strategy, entailing at reducing low-frequency harmonics emission (

Ubiquitous technology depends upon imposing standards. Choices in function and form reflect the homogenization of artifacts, necessitated by the intentions of experts to satisfy a plurality of users. In material publics, users with expert knowledge can develop customized artifacts satisfying desired affordances or aesthetics. This project involves a media archaeology of computer keyboard design to explore the relationship between experts, publics, and the creation of these artifacts. Participation in these communities and study of enthusiast records result in a public-expert knowledge. The importance granted to minutia of design, from the choice of plastics to spring tensioning, parallels new form factors that reflect highly personalized choices. These reassert user control over the materiality of an otherwise ubiquitous and mundane mediating artifact. Publics then create a new political materiality by recomposing artifacts beyond what commercial expertise prescribes.

The integration of manufacturing and logistics has drawn widespread research attentions in recent years. This paper focuses on the Synchronized Production and Logistics (SPL), which is operational level integration. SPLźis defined as synchronizing the processing, moving and storing of raw material, WIP and finished product within one manufacturing unit by high level information sharing and joint scheduling to achieve synergic decision, execution and overall performance improvement. Through analysing the requirements and challenges in real life industry, the ubiquitous computing is adopted as an enabling technology and an Ubi-SPL (Synchronized Production and Logistics via Ubiquitous Technology) framework is proposed. This framework is consists of four layers, which creates a close decision-execution loop by linking the frontline real time data, user feedback and optimized decision together. A real life case study of applying Ubi-SPL solution in a chemical industry has been conducted. The implementation results show that the proposed Ubi-SPL solution can significantly improve the overall performance in both production and logistics service. This paper focuses on the Synchronized Production and Logistics.The ubiquitous computing is adopted as an enabling technology.Synchronized Production & Logistics via Ubiquitous Technics framework is proposed.A real life case study in a chemical industry has been conducted.

This chapter aims to explain seamless learning with regard to motivational issues and ethical usage of technology in the context of a mobile and ubiquitous Technology-Enhanced Learning (TEL). The examined TEL environment consisted of a popular technology integration project in Turkey called FATIH (in English, The Movement to Enhance Opportunities and Improve Technology). The FATIH project aims to provide students with opportunities for self-regulated, mobile, and ubiquitous learning via tablet computers, technology-rich classroom environments, and online digital sources. This chapter investigates and presents findings on the effects of technology-enhanced learning environments in terms of students' motivation and ethical issues during their interaction with the learning environment and community.

Vacuum cleaners, dish washers, and computers have had a lasting impact on ordinary life, and the last wave of ubiquitous technology, smart home technology, once again alters social order and practices in the home. Increasingly pervasive and internet-connected, domestic technology has become a community concern. Communal use of technology poses complex challenges for research and practice, requiring new approaches. Our investigation (36 interviews) of perceptions and considerations of communal device use illustrates how ordinary life evolves facing known and newly evolving challenges. We report four main themes around living with and sharing technology by relating aspects of technology considerations to different social groups. Using these insights, we illustrate participant considerations of personal characteristics, and discuss self-efficacy as a way to look at technology considerations, social groups, and personal characteristics. We outline in three ways how the concept of group-efficacy can help shape further investigation.

According to the latest science of human performance, we are wired to thrive and adapt from discomfort. This workshop explores how to leverage that science to improve human wellbeing and to improve sustainability as a side-effect of designing ubiquitous technology to prepare, practice and perform discomfort, for social benefit. We will use Design Jams as a key activity to explore and build up this Uncomfortable Design Methodology. There will be prizes.

This paper proposes an intelligent system to track location of an individual animal or animals in wildlife sanctuary. Existing systems makes use of various technologies such as RFID, GPS, GSM, etc. RFID based systems either lack in range if passive tags are used or lack in cost effectiveness if active tags are used. Similarly, GSM based system becomes costlier and requires constant network connectivity. Hence this paper proposes a Wi-Fi based tracking system. Proposed system makes use of ubiquitous technology which encourages the use of Wi-Fi Transceivers. The Stationary Wi-Fi Transceiver consists of ESP8266 NodeMCU development board which detects the Mobile Transceiver. The Mobile Transceiver consists of ESP8266 NodeMCU attached to animals. The Stationary Wi-Fi transceiver detects Mobile Transceivers under its vicinity and sends the data to other Stationary transceiver through hop based transmission and ultimately the data is stored in the database. The mobile application accesses the location information from the database for particular animal and plots it onto the Map. This paper comprises of system architecture, proposed algorithm and mathematical model.

With due to the recent development of USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) technology, a monitoring system has been developing for assuring the structural integrity of infrastructure through normal or long term measurements during their lifetime. An accident such as a collapse of infrastructure may cause not only loss of life but also damage to the economy of the nation. In order to enhance the availability of infrastructure and to be able to maintain their lifetime, it is necessary to monitor and to evaluate continuously the structural integrity throughout their entire lifetime. The purpose of this paper is to develop a monitoring system integrated with evaluation function based on the ubiquitous technology. The most essential part of this study is focusing more on developing a specific module convertible to A/D, which is to enhance the applicability of sensors that had not been applied to existing monitoring systems. Conclusively it has been successfully enhanced to make more diverse the number of sensors and measuring techniques for the monitoring system.

With the onset of COVID-19 and game-changes like ubiquitous technology, artificial intelligence and global economies, public high schools are challenged to provide a new level of education. In order for the United States and other countries to compete on a global scale, school leaders need to reevaluate and redesign educational programs to provide students the exposure and experience needed to become globally competent competitors. This collective case study examined the knowledge of educators ranging from school leaders to teachers in regards to the predicted global megatrends, the future 2030 workforce, game-changing technology and the impact at three public high schools. The study examined how the process of change was implemented, how each school addressed challenges and barriers, and to what degree each school was able to transition to an online environment during the unexpected 2020 COVID-19 shutdown. The study design incorporated a mixed method case study approach. The information collected consisted of school leader and teacher interviews, as well as review of artifacts, documents and data. The researchers concluded that school transformation needs to start with an understanding of the future workforce and potential megatrends. Most importantly, schools must take action regardless of the challenges and barriers before them.

The complex cellular heterogeneity of the lung poses a unique challenge to researchers in the field. While the use of bulk RNA sequencing has become a ubiquitous technology in systems biology, the technique necessarily averages out individual contributions to the overall transcriptional landscape of a tissue. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides a robust, unbiased survey of the transcriptome comparable to bulk RNA sequencing while preserving information on cellular heterogeneity. In just a few years since this technology was developed, scRNA-seq has already been adopted widely in respiratory research and has contributed to impressive advancements such as the discoveries of the pulmonary ionocyte and of a profibrotic macrophage population in pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we discuss general technical considerations when considering the use of scRNA-seq and examine how leading investigators have applied the technology to gain novel insights into respiratory biology, from development to disease. In addition, we discuss the evolution of single-cell technologies with a focus on spatial and multi-omics approaches that promise to drive continued innovation in respiratory research.

In this dissertation, my aim is to understand how the body is socially produced and reproduced. To do this, I investigate the empirical context of healthy living in two ways: by exploring digital influencers through their Instagram profiles and by interviewing 11 female consumers that follow these influencers online. Throughout this investigation, I noticed that there were two separate paths of analysis, which are related to taste transformation and to societies of control. As such, I have developed two research articles in this dissertation. In the first article, my aim is to understand the role of the body in taste transformation process, giving the body a more central position in the advancements of taste theorization. I found that transforming taste by adopting the practices of a taste regime changes the ways in which consumers display distinction, being the body the main element for triggering taste transformation. Then, in the second article, my aim is to understand how performative devices (i.e., digital platforms) enable societies of control and the controlled body. As I focus on the concept of societies of control, I show that the body is a key site for control to take place. As such, I also show that performative devices, individuals, and content generated online interact in such a way that they constitute the lifestyle-controlling assemblages, networks of elements that enable the control of lifestyles and its associated body shapes. Com esta dissertação, meu intuito é entender como o corpo é socialmente produzido e reproduzido. Para tal, eu investigo o contexto empírico da vida saudável de duas maneiras: explorando influenciadoras digitais por meio de seus perfis no Instagram e entrevistando 11 consumidoras que acompanham estas influenciadoras online. Ao desenvolver esta investigação, ficaram claros dois caminhos separados de análise, os quais são relacionados com os temas de transformação do gosto e sociedades de controle. Desta maneira, eu desenvolvi dois artigos de pesquisa empírica nesta dissertação. No primeiro artigo, meu objetivo é o de entender o papel do corpo no processo de transformação do gosto, dando ao corpo uma posição mais central nos avanços em teorização do gosto. Os resultados mostram que transformar o gosto ao adotar práticas de um regime de gosto muda as maneiras nas quais os consumidores demonstram distinção, sendo o corpo o principal elemento para desencadear a transformação do gosto. Depois, no segundo artigo, meu objetivo é entender como dispositivos performativos (i.e., plataformas digitais) possibilitam o surgimento de sociedades de controle e de um corpo controlado. Ao focar no conceito de sociedades de controle, eu mostro que o corpo é o lugar principal para que o controle se faça presente. Assim, também mostro como dispositivos performativos, indivíduos e conteúdo gerado online interagem de maneira a constituir assemblages de controle de estilo de vida, redes de elementos que possibilitam o controle de estilos de vida e das formas corporais a eles associadas.

A Aprendizagem Ativa surge como uma área onde o aluno é incentivado a fazer mais em seu processo de aprendizagem que somente ouvir. Dentre as estratégias de Aprendizagem Ativa, a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (PBL) é uma das mais destacadas, por se tratar de uma forma envolvente e motivadora de aprendizagem experiencial, onde os alunos estão muitas vezes muito próximos dos detalhes imediatos do problema e da solução proposta, sendo conceituado como um dos métodos mais motivadores para o aprendizado do aluno. Uma vez que, na execução da PBL, os alunos passam a ter participação e decisão sobre o seu processo de aprendizagem, é de suma importância que estes estejam motivados. Por outro lado, Hmelo-Silver (2004) indica que mesmo a motivação sendo um dos pontos fortes da PBL, ela ainda não é plenamente alcançada pelas práticas atuais. O objetivo desta tese é propor uma tecnologias persuasivas ubíquas para potencializar a aplicação da metodologia PBL, nos cursos de graduação na área da computação, mantendo assim, os alunos motivados em seu processo de aprendizagem. Para tanto, o aplicativo TutorApp foi desenvolvido como uma ferramenta que implementou a tecnologia persuasiva ubíqua proposta para interagir e motivar os alunos em seu processo de aprendizagem, e foi utilizado em 2 estudos de caso para ser validado. De forma a quantificar os resultados da pesquisa referentes ao ganho de motivação por parte dos alunos, utilizamos para medição quantitativa, o modelo do framework proposto por Tôledo (2017) no Estudo de Caso 1 e o modelo proposto por Mota (2018) no Estudo de Caso 2. De forma a medir qualitativamente o trabalho, o Discurso Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) de Lefèvre e Lefèvre (2009) foi utilizado. Com a análise dos dados gerados nos estudos de caso, baseada no discurso dos alunos e na avaliação de suas motivações a cada gatilho disparado, podemos identificar que, no geral, a inferência da tecnologia desenvolvida foi capaz de alcançar os alunos, elevando seu grau de motivação durante o experimento. Trechos do discurso dos alunos, bem como avaliação da motivação de seus perfis, corroboraram com a conclusão de que Tecnologias Persuasivas e Ubíquas, quando utilizadas juntas, podem contribuir para elevar a motivação do aluno durante a prática PBL. Among the Active Learning strategies, Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is one of the most outstanding, because it is an engaging and motivating form of experiential learning, where students are often very close to the immediate details of the problem and the solution proposed, being considered as one of the most motivating methods for student learning. Since in the implementation of the PBL students students become involved and decide on their learning process, it is of the utmost importance that they are motivated. On the other hand, Hmelo-Silver (2004) indicates that even motivation being one of the strengths of the PBL, it is still not fully achieved by current practices. The objective of this thesis is to propose a ubiquitous persuasive technologies to enhance the application of the PBL methodology in undergraduate courses in the area of computing, thus keeping students motivated in their learning process. Therefore, the TutorApp application was developed as a tool that implemented the ubiquitous persuasive technology proposed to interact and motivate students in their learning process, and was used in 2 case studies to be validated. In order to quantify the research results regarding students' motivation gain, we use for quantitative measurement, the model of the framework proposed by Tôledo (2017) in Case Study 1 and the model proposed by Mota (2018) in Case Study 2. In order to qualitatively measure the work, the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) of Lefèvre and Lefèvre (2009) was used. By analyzing the data generated in the case studies, based on the students' discourse and assessing their motivations for each triggered trigger, we can identify that, in general, the inference of the developed technology was able to touch the students, raising their degree of motivation during the experiment. Excerpts from student discourse, as well as evaluation of the motivation of their profiles, corroborated the conclusion that Persuasive and Ubiquitous Technologies, when used together, can contribute to raise student motivation during PBL practice.

Interaction design that entails a qualitative shift from a symbolic, language-oriented stance to an experiential stance that encompasses the entire design and use cycle. With the rise of ubiquitous technology, data-driven design, and the Internet of Things, our interactions and interfaces with technology are about to change dramatically, incorporating such emerging technologies as shape-changing interfaces, wearables, and movement-tracking apps. A successful interactive tool will allow the user to engage in a smooth, embodied, interaction, creating an intimate correspondence between users' actions and system response. And yet, as Kristina Höök points out, current design methods emphasize symbolic, language-oriented, and predominantly visual interactions. In Designing with the Body, Höök proposes a qualitative shift in interaction design to an experiential, felt, aesthetic stance that encompasses the entire design and use cycle. Höök calls this new approach soma design; it is a process that reincorporates body and movement into a design regime that has long privileged language and logic. Soma design offers an alternative to the aggressive, rapid design processes that dominate commercial interaction design; it allows (and requires) a slow, thoughtful process that takes into account fundamental human values. She argues that this new approach will yield better products and create healthier, more sustainable companies. Höök outlines the theory underlying soma design and describes motivations, methods, and tools. She offers examples of soma design “encounters” and an account of her own design process. She concludes with “A Soma Design Manifesto,” which challenges interaction designers to “restart” their field—to focus on bodies and perception rather than reasoning and intellect.

We spend 90% of our time indoors. Buildings became larger and more complex (international airports, subway stations, shopping malls or hospitals for example). Our behaviour has changed. Given the possibilities of ubiquitous technology, we are used to finding out what our position is whenever we want – so far almost exclusively outdoors, however. We have little data on where and how people move indoors. There are various technologies for Indoor Positioning, but none of them dominates the market because of the very different requirements of the large range of applications. With Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE or Bluetooth Smart), a new technology has entered the market, and using it for Indoor Positioning is currently at the forefront of developments. Common positioning methods based on BLE include lateration, angulation, fingerprinting and proximity solutions. Most of them are based on the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The RSSI correlates with the distance between transmitter and receiver antenna. However, the link is not as continuous as mathematical models suggest. The RSSI is influenced by many variables, some of which can be controlled and others not. This paper sums up general BLE positioning methods and the challenges they face with RSSI.

Nowadays, ubiquitous technology which combines sensors and network technology is emerging and it is called ubiquitous sensor network (USN). In this paper, mobile application for baby care using smart sensor is proposed. The proposed mobile application consists of mobile networks to transfer the information. It detects various information such as falling detecting, crying and fever detecting of infants. It keeps infants from external threats. The developed mobile application will be examined by simulation.

각종 재난에 대해 인간의 경험에만 맡기는 합리성은 재난 발생 시 커다란 손실을 가져온다. 이에 따라 다양하고 복잡한 재난 안전에 대한 국가적 위기 상황을 대비하기 위해서 스마트한 UT를 활용한 범부처 협업 기반의 국가재난 관리체계로 전환이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서 재난안전에 대한 우리의 요구를 위해 현재의 재난대응 시스템 문제점을 분석하여 그 해결방안을 찾아낸다. 그리고 기술적으로 효율적인 UT 활용을 위해 서비스 구도를 제시하고, u-Gov 역할 고찰을 통해서 불가측한 재난대응을 위한 정책적 함의를 제언하였다.

The concept of ubiquitous computing and u-learning goes beyond portable computers. As new technologies evolve and more pervasive forms of technology emerge, computers will become ‘invisible’ and will be embedded in all aspects of our life. Wearable computers and embedded microchips are not as unbelievable or mind boggling. These innovations may have appeared strange and futuristic at first but, over time they blended into our everyday lives. In this age of progress and great change, we tend to easily adapt to the technologies and pedagogies that emerge. Ubiquitous technology and u-learning may be the new hope for the future of education. We want that learning doesn’t only happen in four corners of classroom, house or inside the building but learning should be anytime and anywhere with the help of technologies. In this paper, we proposed a concept of LotG (Learning on the Go), a design of adaptive u-learning system.