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This study sheds light on the stress effects of nurses' confronted workplace violence that spans work and family domains via coping mechanisms and affects both Nurses and their domestic partners. Applying the integrated framework of conservation of resources theory and spillover/crossover model, we estimated venting- a coping strategy that nurses utilize to benefit themselves via the release of violence-related stress to improve their work engagement. The authors also examined the unintended consequence of venting on spouses on the receiving end in the form of work withdrawal. In a matched sample of 285 dual-earner couples, including nurses and their spouses, structural equation modelling revealed that when Nurses face workplace in a given workweek, they experience a negative spill over manifested in weekend venting on their spouse. As a result, nurses discharge their stress and display work engagement upon returning to work. Conversely, transmitted stress via venting crosses over and withdraws the domestic partner from their work during the following week. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Study of determinants of COVID-19 autumn booster uptake in risk groups in the Netherlands. • Booster uptake was 68 % among people ≥ 60 years and 30 % among medical risk group 18–59 years. • Most important determinant for booster uptake in both target groups was age. • Political preference, migration status and household type are important determinants. • Findings are important for future campaigns targeting people at increased risk of severe COVID-19. A booster with bivalent COVID-19 vaccine was offered in the Netherlands in autumn, 2022. We aimed to investigate vaccine uptake during the autumn 2022 booster round among the population subgroups at risk for severe COVID-19 that were specifically targeted by this campaign: the medical risk group aged 18–59 years and individuals ≥ 60 years. We calculated booster uptake in both populations and analyzed determinants of booster uptake among those who had received at least one prior COVID-19 vaccination. Having had an autumn 2022 booster dose was defined as having received a COVID-19 vaccination between 19 September 2022 and 7 March 2023. The study population included individuals who received at least one previous COVID-19 vaccination. National registries of sociodemographic determinants and COVID-19 vaccination were linked by a unique person identifier. Voting proportions for political parties were included at neighborhood level. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine autumn booster uptake were ranked by importance by random forest analyses. Booster uptake was 68 % among those aged ≥ 60 and 30 % among those aged 18–59 years with a medical risk factor for severe disease. For both target groups the most important determinant for booster uptake was age (15 % in 18–29 years to 72 % in 80 + years). Voting proportions for progressive liberal political parties ranked second in the random forest analysis in both groups, with an increasing proportion of votes associated with higher uptake. In the 60 + group, household type ranked third, with highest vaccine uptake among married couples without children (72 %) and the lowest uptake among unmarried couples with children (47 %). In the medical risk group, migration status ranked third. Migrants with two parents born abroad had the lowest uptake (18 %), whereas migrants with both parents born in the Netherlands had the highest uptake (35 %). The target group of people aged ≥ 60 years was much better reached than the target group of people with a medical risk aged 18–59 years. Uptake varied considerably among subgroups in both target groups. The findings of this study can be used in future vaccination strategies as well as for further research to better understand the drivers and barriers of vaccine uptake among the subgroups with notably low uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and background: Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) have emerged as a widespread crisis, posing a substantial obstacle to both development and public health. Serodiscordant couples of reproductive age encounter an even greater challenge, requiring comprehensive, and accurate information on cohabitation dynamics and measures to safeguard HIV-negative partners from infection. Simultaneously, they maintain equal reproductive rights. The objective of this study is to describe the understanding and behaviors related to HIV and reproductive health among serodiscordant couples receiving care at the HIV-integrated center of Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Materials and methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The study was conducted on 108 respondents. The evaluation of knowledge and behavior levels involved the administration of a validated questionnaire to eligible research participants meeting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the 108 participants, 59% demonstrated a high degree of HIV knowledge, while 76% exhibited a moderate level of knowledge regarding reproductive health. In terms of behavior, 39.8% consistently used condoms, 41.7% engaged in multiple sexual partnerships, and 10.2% reported engaging in anal intercourse. Notably, 96% adhered to a regular regimen of antiretroviral medications, and none utilized assisted reproductive technology. Additionally, 54.6% of respondents maintained an ongoing reproductive plan, while 39.8% of those with living children had not verified their child's HIV status. Conclusion: The majority of participants demonstrate a solid understanding of HIV, but there is room for enhancement in reproductive health knowledge. There is a need for improved accessibility to information and education on reproductive health, particularly in the context of assisted reproductive technology for HIV serodiscordant couples, in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We document strong skill matching in Turkish firms' production networks. Additionally, in the data, export demand shocks from rich countries increase firms' skill intensity and their trade with skill-intensive domestic partners. We explain these patterns using a quantitative model with heterogeneous firms, quality choices, and endogenous networks. A counterfactual economy-wide export demand shock of 5% leads both exporters and nonexporters to upgrade quality, raising the average wage by 1.2%. This effect is nine times the effect in a scenario without interconnected quality choices. We use the model to study the conditions for the success of export promotion policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pensamiento, Palabra y Obra is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the end of the Cold War, the defence industry has emerged as a leader in innovative technologies, and the Russo-Ukrainian war has provided a unique opportunity to test these technologies in a real combat scenario. As a result of the geopolitical events of February 2022, the European defence industry has faced unprecedented political, economic, and technological changes. This study examines these transformations through semi-structured, openended, in-depth interviews with twenty-five experts across ten European countries, analysed using qualitative content analysis, with a focus on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While perspectives on the necessity of defence innovations vary, there is considerable market demand for both disruptive innovations and the advancement of conventional technologies. However, despite the theoretical benefits, the current uncertain environment leads policymakers to view international defence collaborations as insecure. Consequently, SMEs develop military technological innovations either independently or with domestic partners. This study's novelty lies in its foundation on real empirical data, contributing practically applicable insights to the existing literature on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration occurs at earlier ages, lasts for long periods, and profoundly shapes migrants' experiences of cohabitation. We use a mixed-method approach based on the 2012 China Family Panel Studies and 127 in-depth interviews. To address potential selection bias, we estimated the treatment effects of migration based on propensity score matching. Results show that migrants, particularly rural-origin migrants with longer migration duration, are more likely to cohabit than their non-migrant counterparts. Qualitative interviews reveal the main underlying mechanisms: more liberal attitudes and less parental supervision in the receiving communities, a desire to vet potential partners in the absence of background knowledge, and economic barriers to marriage that make cohabitation an attractive buffer. Although migrants may cohabit as a sub-optimal option due to life instabilities and financial pressures, cohabitation also reflects a newly gained autonomy in their private lives, attributable to the liberal mindsets toward nonconventional family behaviors in the receiving communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, religion has had a significant influence on mating strategies. As current trends show a shift away from social institutions as the guiding constructs for value formation, the role of religiosity as a moderator for perceptions of marriage, premarital sexual activity, and cohabitation outside of marriage needs to be revisited. The current study examines the association of religiosity, as assessed with the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), and attitudes toward marriage, the perceived ideal age to marry, and sexual activity. All three dimensions of the DUREL (Organized Religious Activity, Non-Organized (Informal) Religious Activity, and Intrinsic Spirituality) were associated with more positive attitudes toward marriage. Participation in organized religious activity was associated with a later age for beginning sexual activity and fewer sexual partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-rated mental health (SRMH), a single item asking individuals to evaluate their mental or emotional health, is included in some surveys as an indicator of risk for mental disorders and to monitor population health, yet little longitudinal research examines how well it predicts future outcomes. Following a life course perspective, the current longitudinal study of 502 Canadian high school seniors tracked into midlife examined to what extent SRMH at ages 20, 25, and 32 years predicted depressive symptoms at ages 43 and 50. Hierarchical linear regressions showed that lower SRMH at age 25 and at 32 years was a significant predictor of higher levels of depressive symptoms at ages 43 and 50, even when controlling for sex, participant education, marital/cohabitation status, self-rated physical health, and baseline depressive symptoms. The results provide evidence that SRMH assessed during the transition to adulthood may be useful as a broad and powerful measure of risk for mental health problems decades into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pandemic border closures separated previously transnational couples, including unmarried partners, revealing under-researched forms of transnational family life. From this point of departure, we reexamine Norwegian family immigration regulation for unmarried partners from the 1980s onwards. Societal norms around coupledom have shifted toward Giddens's "pure relationship." Yet, immigration regulations have focused on "problematic marriages," such as forced marriages or marriages of convenience. While unmarried partners have a right to family reunification after two years' cohabitation, this requires prior permission to live in the same country. We investigate three sites of contestation where appeals are made to intimacy norms: The Liberal party's "love visa" proposal, sponsors' statements in case files, and protests from same-sex couples. Even in "cohabitation land," these appeals ultimately come up against immigration control. This investigation contributes to the literatures on the transformation of intimacy and family migration; in particular, immigration regulation for unmarried same- and opposite-sex partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike other cultures around the globe, marriage is considered a social contract and a religious obligation that was performed before having a sexual relationship. Existing literature indicates in Bangladesh despite having so many restrictions late marriage is gaining popularity among the youth and arising as an emerging problem. But what are the reasons for and consequences of such a phenomenon remain unanswered. A sample survey was conducted among the youth. Unmarried students of post-graduate level studying at Jagannath University, Dhaka University, and North South University were selected as samples for the quantitative data. Some case studies were also conducted for qualitative data to supplement survey data. This study found the causes behind late marriage are- respondents were waiting to complete their education, some were not mentally ready to take the responsibility, family did not discuss their marriage as they have elder siblings, did not want to lose their freedom now. A large number of respondents reported that they may have a problem having a baby due to late marriage which is agreed by the result of case studies. A vast majority of the respondents (90%) were found to use masturbation as an alternative way to meet sexual needs which leads to experiencing different psychosocial problems. More than three-fourths (78%) and two-thirds (69%) of respondents blamed late marriage chronologically for depression and loss of focus on work, respectively. This study drew some recommendations to address the reasons for late marriage and overcome its harsh consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to examine and illustrate how the animistic ontology present in neopaganism allows embodied and sensuous interactions with virtual worlds. By considering animism as a strategy with which to rethink human cohabitation with the techno-digital otherness, I will show how neopagans who use computer technology for spiritual purposes experience the online context as an environment where lived religious practices can occur. To do so, I will particularly focus on religious practices taking place in digital games and 3D social virtual platforms due to their ability to induce immersive and interactive experiences. Because neopaganism recognizes the material living world as a central aspect of spiritual experiences, I will explore the ways that the spatial and material dimensions are articulated in neopagan's online performances, the actions they make possible, and how they enable a more intimate relationship with virtual platforms. I will accompany the theoretical reflection with case studies and interviews with technopagan practitioners experiencing their religion with and within computer technology. This paper also aims to show how this new conception of animism connects to what Mikhail Bakhtin calls "dialogism", a condition that recognizes the multiplicity of perspectives and voices and denies the possibility of not getting involved with the otherness. For such reasons, approaching the digital through an animistic ontology can help us acknowledge the convergence of humans with the techno-digital otherness and explore, on deeper levels, sensuous and embodied experiences taking place in the religious context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of social support in gender-based violence in adult women by heterosexual partners has not been sufficiently studied in Colombia. This correlational study with a gender perspective aims to identify the most relevant female sociodemographic variables and the probability of requesting social support for this violence. The sample consisted of 6,279 adult women (aged 25-49 years) who responded to the last health macro-survey of the city of Bogotá (2011), which includes the CTS-2 scale to measure domestic violence. The nonparametric analysis technique called classification tree was used. The variables that best explained the search for social support were cohabitation with the aggressor and maternity status. Other influential variables were cohabitation with the extended family and the number of children, depending on whether the victim was married or in civil union agreement. The results indicated the prevalence of the patriarchal family and gender roles in the context studied. Even among adults with higher levels of education, they underscore the importance of taking into account sociodemographic and family factors to design strategies for addressing and providing social support to women victims of gender-based violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term "childless" is highly problematic. Attempts to split it into "voluntary" and "involuntary" may appear to give more detail on context, but the differentiation can be misleading. The condition of "-less" has negative connotations and implies "missing" something; possibly something which is "natural." The term "childfree" has been employed as an alternative expression which denotes active choice, freedom, and emancipation. Few studies, however, have explored how individuals refer to themselves, or how they interpret—or even care—about these distinctions. Such existing studies only explore the use of these English expressions among speakers of English as their primary language. This exploratory qualitative study explores how women without children define themselves in their native language in an Asian setting—Cantonese in Hong Kong. It also explores how such women interpret the various terms developed in English to describe their circumstances. Respondents refer to themselves in neutral, factual terms—literally "without children." Others make an explicit link between being unmarried and childless status. While respondents find the English expression of "childfree" positive, they do not express a strong need to either deploy it in English, nor "develop" a Cantonese equivalent. The study provides further evidence that "labels" generated and applied by academics in one context and in one language may not be universally applicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The COVID‐19 pandemic had a strong impact on many aspects of life, particularly social relationships. Although there is some evidence regarding short‐term effects of the pandemic on cohabitating couples or individuals, it is unclear to what extent these effects persist over time and whether they also apply to noncohabitating individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in relationship and sexual satisfaction among both cohabitating and noncohabitating individuals during the first year of the pandemic and to examine the extent to which these changes could be accounted for by personal vulnerabilities, pandemic‐related stressors, and their interaction. Method: We assessed relationship and sexual satisfaction longitudinally with a cross‐national sample (N = 2859) that included five prospective measurement time points and analyzed the data with multilevel models. Results: We observed a decrease in relationship satisfaction over the course of the study, especially among noncohabitants. Sexual satisfaction, in turn, conformed to a quadratic trend among noncohabitants while changing only minimally in cohabitating individuals. Of the individual vulnerabilities examined, attachment avoidance was the greatest risk factor for both relationship and sexual satisfaction. Among pandemic‐related stressors, mobility restrictions had a negative impact into the relationship and sexual satisfaction of noncohabitating individuals. Conclusions: Although the pandemic generally showed negative effects on close relationships, these effects varied depending on the type of couple (cohabitants or noncohabitants), the component of relationship satisfaction (relationship satisfaction or sexual satisfaction), the time interval (curfew period or not), and also individual dispositions (especially attachment avoidance). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by the social integration perspective, we conducted one of the first population-based studies on marital status differences in loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic among older Americans. Analysis of data from the 2020 National Health and Aging Trends Study COVID-19 supplement (n = 2861) suggested that, compared to their married counterparts, divorced and widowed older adults reported higher levels of loneliness during the pandemic, and divorced older adults also felt lonely more often when compared to before the pandemic. These marital status differences in pandemic loneliness cannot be explained by changes in social participation (e.g., working for pay, volunteering, attending religious services, or attending clubs, classes, or other organized activities) or changes in contact frequency with family and friends (via phone calls, emails/texts/social media messages, video calls, or in-person visits). No gender difference was found in the association between marital status and loneliness during the pandemic. These results, coupled with the growth of the unmarried older population, highlight that policymakers, health care providers, and researchers should think creatively about ways to reduce the loneliness gap between married and unmarried groups to promote healthy aging for all older adults, particularly in the face of emerging pandemics that may complicate strategies to improve population health in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the carbon footprint (CF) of two research projects. These projects were initiated prior to the onset of the pandemic and subsequently concluded afterward, serving as the Base Case (BC) for analysis. Furthermore, the study seeks to explore the potential applicability of measures implemented during the period of lockdown for future mitigation of CF. The applied methodology, which adheres to the guidelines provided by the GHG Protocol and the Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) emission factors, is utilized to examine the CF of the projects under two different scenarios. The first scenario assumes that the projects were implemented without the pandemic, while the second scenario considers that the projects were conducted entirely during the pandemic. Among the two projects under review, one emphasizes innovation and entails a collaboration between academia and business. This project is supported by a limited number of employees, exclusively from domestic partners. The other project is more oriented toward policy-making and involves a larger group of partners from Greece and Italy. Its main priority is dissemination. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with project activities mainly stem from electricity use, material consumption, project-hosted events, project participation in events, employees commuting, and equipment. Results show that in the first scenario, the projects exhibit a more than 40% increase in CO2 emissions compared to the BC, while in the second scenario, the implementation of measures such as teleworking, virtual participation in events, and digitization of bureaucratic processes lead to a reduction in emissions by at least 20%. The study suggests that adopting such measures after the COVID-19 pandemic could significantly decrease greenhouse gas emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides an overview of the early version of a film called "Carriage Trade," originally titled "Tuxedo Theatre." It was screened at the Jewish Museum in New York in 1969 as part of an avant-garde film series organized by Jonas Mekas. P. Adams Sitney reviewed the film, praising its editing style and radical displacements. The article also mentions the Tuxedo Theater in Brooklyn, which may have influenced the film's title. The film offers insight into Warren Sonbert's unique editing style and can be seen as an early version of "Carriage Trade." Sonbert was a filmmaker known for his attention to detail and sense of humor, with his later works showing more skill and camera awareness. His films, such as "Where Did Our Love Go" and "The Bad and the Beautiful," explored different subjects and featured soundtracks of 1950s rock and roll songs. Sonbert's last film, "The Tuxedo Theater," was his most complex and sophisticated, drawing inspiration from Jean-Luc Godard's techniques. Sonbert aimed to create films that generated their own sound and established a connection between the viewer and the images on screen. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the existing literature on the phenomenon of non-marriage or staying unmarried in Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore, as well as European and American countries such as Spain and the US, and explores the trends, characteristics as well as reasons behind such a phenomenon. Through analysis, the present study found that there is a growing trend of postponed marriage and parenthood as well as an increasing proportion of individuals who exhibit no enthusiasm towards matrimony or parenthood in the aforementioned countries. To some extent, non-marriage or postponed marriage has become a prevalent trend in developed countries and even some developing countries. Japan, South Korea, and several developed countries in Europe and America have exhibited this phenomenon since the middle to late 20th century, with a relatively long history. The emergence of this phenomenon in China, Malaysia, the Philippines, and other developing countries in Asia, however, was relatively late, exhibiting a gradual development process. The current marriage landscape in China is characterized by a growing number of non-marriage individuals and a significant level of marital stability. In terms of reasons for staying unmarried, the marriage rates in the aforementioned countries can be attributed to various factors at macro, meso, and micro levels. In China, the phenomenon of non-marriage is closely associated with a range of factors, including diverse values and attitudes towards romance and marriage, marriage squeeze, education expansion, and the rise in females' economic and social status. The emphasis in future research should be placed on predicting the phenomenon of non-marriage, with a specific focus on exploring the reasons for advocating non-marriage, examining the internal mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, analyzing the consequences of non-marriage, and proposing corresponding countermeasures while establishing the public identity towards marriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The articles in the special issue cluster around four key themes: invited pieces that provide foundational work on singlehood; conceptualizing singlehood; singlehood pathways; and singlehood across the life course. The idea that singlehood is due to choice or circumstance - that is, whether singlehood is voluntary or involuntary (Stein, [27]) - is a common theme in singlehood studies. DePaulo ([6]) and Kislev and Marsh ([17]) specifically discuss singlehood as a chosen identity, and Fitzpatrick ([12]) distinguishes voluntary and involuntary singlehood. Keywords: family diversity; friendship; identity and intimacy; life course; singlehood; social ties EN family diversity friendship identity and intimacy life course singlehood social ties 379 388 10 09/11/23 20230901 NES 230901 INTRODUCTION More people around the world are single, both in total numbers and longer periods of life. [Extracted from the article]

Racialised bilinguals experience marginalisation all over the world. In South-East Europe, millions of bilingual Roma share this experience alongside emerging aspirations of conviviality, which remain rare. This paper considers marginalisation as a consequence of (in)securitisation. The concept of (in)securitisation addresses discursive techniques of power which advocate the protection of some at the price of excluding others. These discursive techniques are exerted on different levels of social interaction, creating and maintaining uncertainty. The paper discusses individual aspirations to conviviality, or peaceful cohabitation, in (in)securitised local realities in a town in Hungary, where 20 % of the population are bilingual Roma. Furthermore, it explores whether the leveraging of translingual practices can be an effective tool for conviviality. The argument is based on long-term field research, and the data used comes from a series of participatory workshops, attended by academic non-local and local participants. Using the method of Moment Analysis to understand workshop discussions, the article focuses on the ways in which participants negotiate the dependencies of (in)securitisation while trying to forge convivial capabilities. Experience shows that acts of (in)securitisation and racialised social roles define relations even within the research group, and only certain types of capabilities considered convivial are suitable to override them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dementia can be difficult for married couples for many reasons, including the introduction of caregiving burden, loss of intimacy, and financial strain. In this study, we investigated the impact of dementia staging and neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms on the likelihood of divorce or separation for older adult married couples. For this case-control study, we used data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform dataset (UDS) versions 2 and 3. This dataset was from 2007 to 2021 and contains standardized clinical information submitted by NIA/NIH Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs) across the United States (US). This data was from 37 ADRCs. We selected participants who were married or living as married/domestic partners at their initial visit. Cases were defined by a first divorce/separation occurring during the follow-up period, resulting in 291 participants. We selected 5 controls for each married/living as married case and matched on age. Conditional logistic regression estimated the association between overall Neuro Psychiatric Inventory (NPI) score and severity of individual symptoms of the NPI with case/control status, adjusted for education, the CDR® Dementia Staging Instrument score, living situation, symptom informant, sex, and race. Separate analyses were conducted for each symptom. Multiple comparisons were accounted for with the Hochberg method. Later stage of dementia was negatively associated with divorce/separation with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.68 (95%CI = 0.50 to 0.93). A higher overall NPI score was positively associated with divorce/separation AOR = 1.08 (95% CI = 1.03 to 1.12,). More severe ratings of agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, disinhibition, and elation/euphoria were associated with greater odds of divorce/separation. Among older adults in the US, a later stage of dementia is associated with a lower likelihood of divorce or separation, while having more severe neuropsychiatric behavioral symptoms of agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, disinhibition, and elation/euphoria are associated with a higher likelihood of divorce or separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

State-owned private equity funds in China currently oversee assets worth more than 12 trillion RMB. Due to the uncertainty in the private equity market and the presence of information asymmetry, these state-owned private equity firms frequently engage in coinvestments with other private equity firms. The coinvestment strategy allows them to mitigate risks and exchange valuable information and resources. Which types of partners do state-owned private equity firms typically collaborate with? The existing literature built coinvestment partner selection models based on the traditional regression models and ignored the complexity of the network structure. This research analyzes cooperative relationships using exponential random graph models, considering both structural effects and node attributes. The empirical study of 4645 private equity firms operating in the Chinese private equity market shows that state-owned private equities are more likely to collaborate with foreign private equities and domestic private-owned private equities compared to collaborating with other state-owned private equities. Furthermore, in markets characterized by high marketization indexes, state-owned private equities demonstrate greater inclinations to partner with foreign and domestic private-owned private equities. When state-owned private equities allocate their investments to high-tech industries, their likelihood of collaborating with foreign private equities increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the face of growing diversity in marital and cohabiting relationships, the impact of romantic partnerships on criminal desistance may likewise have grown complex. This study investigates how premarital cohabitation and serial cohabitation might influence criminal behavior. We also examine the role of gender in the desistance process. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we find that married men who cohabited with the spouse before marriage tended to commit more crimes than those who did not, whereas among married women premarital cohabitation was not associated with an increase in crime. In contrast, serial cohabitation's effect did not vary by gender—male and female serial cohabitors both committed more crimes than one-time cohabitors. We conduct analyses to address selection and the findings are robust. Our work suggests that exploring heterogeneity within changing patterns of marriage and cohabitation is critical to understanding desistance from crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While tourism was halted by the COVID-19 pandemic, scholars published articles reflecting on tourism and what should or would be tourism during and after the pandemic. Situating this corpus of tourism studies scientific discourses within the larger crisis of social science, the paper exposes through discourse analysis two poles of arguments on (re)thinking tourism or (re)inventing tourism. In the continuity of the debate between pro-growth-industry prone and pro social-community prone vision of tourism that was already happening before the pandemic, the debate on tourism during and after the pandemic is challenging the fundamentals of tourism – (re)think; and finds ways to make tourism recover-(re)invent, while not considering the possibility of no tourism. The analysis identified that while there is opposition between those two poles, there is an overlap at the confrontation of (re)think and (re)invent. This overlap doesn't solve opposition and the risk of fragmentations of the field of tourism studies, but show some possibilities of a symbiotic cohabitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper examines changing intimate premarital relationships in Taiwan. Background: Marriages have been on the decline. Whether these foregone marriages are associated with a rise in cohabitation or other alternatives have become central to a thorough understanding of family changes, yet relevant research on Taiwan is limited. Methods: The Taiwan Fertility and Family Survey collected nationally representative samples of 23,495 men and women aged 20–49 in four waves from 1998 to 2016. These were used to investigate changing patterns of cohabitation, marriage plans among cohabiting couples, premarital sex, and bridal pregnancies in addition to how the patterns vary by sex, education, and cohort. Results: More adults in Taiwan have experienced intimate premarital relationships since 1998, with a shift from no educational gradient to a negative one for cohabitation and premarital conception. These patterns were gendered during 2012–2016. With a persistently short duration and fewer adults living together with the idea of eventually getting married, cohabitation has become less of a prelude to marriage than an alternative to singlehood, and very few of these have involved children. These shifting behaviors have been driven mainly by the cohort replacement effect and intra‐cohort changes. Conclusion: Cohabitation has yet to become a long‐term stable union involving children. A lower birth rate caused by later and fewer marriages has not been offset by nonmarital births in cohabitation, and bridal pregnancies did not seem to have resulted in more marriages. Taiwan's socio‐cultural context likely plays a crucial role in the quasi‐Second Demographic Transition family changes here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the research that motivated the writing of this article was to identify the levels of effectiveness of experiences and conflicts affecting the dynamics of affective integration and emotional balance in families that are part of the National Army of Colombia. Methodologically, it is a mixed research, with a descriptive and cross-sectional study in its quantitative phase, and a phenomenological study in its qualitative phase. Families from one of the brigades of the National Army of Colombia were interviewed. The study reveals that the highest porcentage of family functionality is at an intermediate level (47 %), with 38 % at the high level and 14 % at the low level. In the qualitative phase, categories such as "physical and emotional absence on the part of the military," "military work as the sole priority," and "woman's adaptation to the military context" emerged. It can be concluded that women who decide to start a family with a man belonging to the Armed Forces must undergo a process of adaptation to the context, including the approval of the dynamics of the military environment, the prescriptions, and determinisms of convergent military thinking. At times, wives may have to give up their own life projects to facilitate the professional performance and demands of the military partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia parliament passes new criminal code, bans sex outside marriage. Indonesia bans sex outside marriage as parliament passes sweeping new criminal code, CNN. Indonesia passes criminal code banning sex outside marriage. Indonesia bans sex outside marriage in new criminal code. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Papers: Revista de Sociologia is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Drawing from work on the prosocial outcomes associated with I‐sharing, we asked whether I‐sharing with a stranger enhances couples' ability to compromise. Background: Living together harmoniously requires compromise. Research on the psychological factors that promote compromise frequently focuses on individual differences and interpersonal environment. The current research takes a different approach by asking what role I‐sharing (i.e., the feeling that others share the same in‐the‐moment, subjective experience as oneself) plays in the success of a cohabiting couple's compromise efforts. Method: Both members of a cohabiting couple privately reported the percentage of time they spend on household tasks (the Division of Household Labor inventory [DHL]) before undergoing a manipulation in which they either did or did not have an I‐sharing experience with a stranger. Participants then completed the DHL again, this time working together with their cohabiting partner to reach a consensus in their responses. Finally, participants had another chance to complete the DHL in private, receiving the instruction to respond with their true beliefs. Results: When relationship partners worked together to complete the DHL at the second reporting, their responses were identical. At the third (private) DHL reporting, consistent with prediction, couples assigned to the I‐share condition showed more agreement with their partner than couples assigned to the No I‐share condition. Conclusion: This finding suggests that the prosociality generated by I‐sharing can promote compromise in cohabiting couples. Implications: I‐sharing holds promise as a therapeutic tool to promote compromise in treatment‐seeking families and couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines evolution of the opinions of the Slovenian public regarding cohabitation in socialist Yugoslavia before its breakup. Data from regular Slovenian sociological surveys from 1970s and 1980s and the design of these surveys are analysed. A sudden increase of ethnic issues is observed in the questionnaire in 1987 which illustrates growth of importance of the topic even among those intellectuals who had focused on other political issues up to then. The results of the surveys show, at the same time, continually increasing ethnical sensibility and fading identification with Yugoslavia among the Slovenian public during the entire decade with an acceleration in 1987. Since the second half of that year, growing nationalism in Slovenia was extensively discussed also by the local communist elites. They, however, mostly gave in to the nationalist radicalisation and quickly absorbed it into their own attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the greatest resources for promoting peacebuilding and sustaining peace in the long term is always rooted in people and their culture. Bearing this in mind is a major step towards addressing domestic violence, intimate partner violence, disputes over land ownership and challenges associated with weak social cohesion that plague Ibadan, Nigeria. This study explores the contributions of informal peace committees (IPCs) as informal peace infrastructures (IPIs) in responding to the menace and powering peacebuilding from below in the local setting of Ojoo, Ibadan, where the study was conducted. The qualitative study adopts participatory action research design. It uses purposive sampling techniques and sourced primary data from individual interviews, focus group discussions, observation and diarising. Twenty respondents were interviewed and three focus group discussions were conducted for the study with a view to collecting primary data. Although IPIs also have their own weaknesses, the study revealed that local peace infrastructures, such as IPCs are resourceful and effective in addressing multiple threats, including domestic and intimate partner violence, disputes over land ownership, weak social cohesion and building peace from below. The study further revealed that IPCs can be sustainable if established through collaborative efforts in the affected community at a grassroots level with a sense of shared ownership, feelings of inclusiveness and project legitimacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has shown considerable municipal‐level variation in divorce rates within countries. Given the large increase in cohabitation over the past decades, this study examines whether similar differences can also be observed in the union dissolution risks of cohabitants. By investigating whether six municipal‐level factors important in understanding spatial variation in divorce are also associated with spatial variation in the dissolution of cohabiting unions (financial uncertainty, gender roles, religiosity, social ties, alternative opportunities and educational attainment), this article aims to improve our understanding of municipal differences in the dissolution of cohabiting unions. This study is conducted on register data from Statistics Netherlands (2017–2018). For this study, unique union dissolution information per union type (marriage and cohabitation) is constructed for 355 Dutch municipalities. Nearly all explanatory factors are defined using publicly available municipal‐level information. We use spatial lag regression models to analyse differences in municipal union dissolution risks for different union types. We find that municipal‐level union dissolution risks of cohabiting and married couples are only moderately correlated, suggesting that the risk of union dissolution for cohabiting couples is not necessary high in municipalities with high divorce rates. Municipal‐level indicators of social ties, religiosity and alternative opportunities are linked to municipal‐level variation in union dissolution risks of married and cohabiting couples, whereas municipal‐level variation in financial uncertainty and educational attainment are only linked to municipal‐level variation in union dissolution risks of married couples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With governance increasingly regarded as co-governance, states' capacity to steer, correct, and discipline a wide range of self-governing actors becomes crucial for states' effectiveness, efficiency, and democracy. This article investigates that capacity and the relationship between formal institutions and customary self-governance in areas of limited statehood. In South Sudan, the field of land governance can be regarded as an area of limited statehood. As land relations are closely connected to clan structures and intra-familial relationships, customary norms and institutions enjoy great legitimacy and are an important locus of local land governance and dispute resolution. The South Sudanese government has promulgated legal provisions for equal rights to property and inheritance that clash head-on with customary notions of gender roles in the family and the preservation of family land. By focusing on the case of women's land rights in South Sudan, combining literature study with data from exploratory fieldwork in two South Sudanese towns, this article aims to reflect on the cohabitation of customary and formal norms and values and the role formal legal and administrative systems, in areas of limited statehood, can and do play in boundary setting for customary self-governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romantic relationships are ubiquitous among adolescents and adults the world over. More than 90% of adults in the United States will marry at some point, and cohabitation is increasingly common among unmarried adults. Intimate relationships are arguably the main way that we fulfill our fundamental need for connection. In the United States and many other countries, for individuals in a committed monogamous romantic relationship, the relationship itself becomes one of the key contexts for mental health. The association between relationship distress and various forms of psychopathology is as strong as many other well-known predictors of mental illness. In this article, I discuss how relationships that become unsatisfying, distressed, or conflicted are a precursor to the experience of mental illness. I also discuss how the romantic relationship may trigger a diathesis for psychopathology. That diathesis may be biological (e.g., genetic) or psychological (e.g., cognitive, emotional). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ideas of how men and women interact with one another and the attitude toward cohabitation, in general, have changed significantly with the advent of the post-modern or industrial society. "Live-in relationships" are an expression of a couple's decision to cohabitate as a couple without getting married. The modernisation of the community has brought an array of new ideas and values. With the affection growing towards each other and the decision to tie the knot after taking into consideration all the prospects of a healthy marriage, youngsters these days believe in living together before marriage to test compatibility, known as "live-in relationships." However, with modernisation comes the traditional thinking of our culture and the mindset of people towards these practices. Acknowledging the legal implications of the "live-in relationship" along with the challenges youngsters are facing nowadays, this paper highlights the analysis of laws that govern this practice in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article describes the marriage institution's disintegration and the resulting diversification of reproductive practices in Pumi (Premi) villages in Yongning, northwest Yunnan. Yongning Pumi currently practice formal marriages, visiting relationships, and cohabitation without marriage. I argue that this diversity has resulted from both the expansion of state intervention and local individuals' agency to fulfill cultural ideals and personal desires. The changing economic-political environment in the nineteenth century and the unequal power relations between Pumi and Mosuo (Na), whose elites ruled Yongning as native officials 土官 authorized by the imperial court, jointly contributed to Pumi's acceptance of visiting relationships. The popularity of visiting relationships in Yongning reflects the decline of the local status-differentiation system exemplified in divergent forms of marriage and reproductive relations. Moreover, the increasing commonalities and similarities of diversification in Pumi and Mosuo reproductive and residential practices are symptomatic of the region's further incorporation into a larger economic and political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic as well as the social, relational, and economic transformations of the lockdown had a strong traumatic impact on the mental health of the word population, even more so on specific targets such as young adults. The spread of what was an unknown virus and the lockdown experience have raised concerns for the preservation of people’s physical and mental health and their private, relational, and work life. Objectives: The current study presents the construction, development, and validation process of the Lockdown Young Adult Concerns Scale (LYACS), an instrument assessing the level of two principal concerns during the pandemic lockdown, i.e., Loss of Life Control (CLLC) and Infection/Contagion (CIF). Methods: After a pilot study that defined the dimensions, selected the items, and carried out Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) on a sample of 100 subjects (M = 24; DS = 3.9), a new sample of 259 Italian young adults (ages 18-35 yrs.; M = 24; SD = 3.8) was used to assess the psychometric validity of LYACS through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), reliability, convergent and divergent validity. Further descriptive analyses of the final version of scale as well as Two-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) on selected sociodemographic variables were conducted. Results: The outcome of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, which resulted in high goodness of fit (χ 2/df = 2.0; GFI = .98; TLI = .98; RMSEA = .06; SRMR = .04), supports two identifiable factors reflecting the theoretically-based constructs of LYACS, thus supporting the EFA results. Furthermore, internal consistency as well as convergent and divergent validity analyses allow the scale to be considered a reliable and valid instrument for the present investigation. Finally, variance analysis shows that there are significant differences among the factor levels regarding gender, occupation, perception of the home space during lockdown, and having/not having worked on Concern about Loss of Life Control (CLLC), and between gender and confinement cohabitation on Concern about Infection/Contagion (CIF). Conclusion: Overall, the reported results show good psychometric proprieties for the scale and shed new light on how Italian young adults lived the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students' access to family help with paying for college tuition and living expenses varies by family resources, structures, and relationships, and can affect later outcomes and the extent to which students rely on various forms of financial aid. This study analyzes an originally collected dataset at two regional public four-year universities in the United States (N=2,979) to examine how families and relationships are related to how students pay for college expenses. Differences in payment methods are examined by students' family structure, including their cohabitation, marital, and parenthood status; family background including parents' education, marital status and loan status; and relationships with families, including whether students lived with their families of origin, sentiments about asking parents for money, and closeness with parents. Differences by race, gender, age and region are also examined. Families helped 51% of students in the sample pay for college tuition, and almost 70% of students had family help with paying for living expenses. Payment methods for college differed by all variables examined. Potential explanations for findings related to inequalities in access to family financial resources, social norms about providing family help to certain types of students, and role expectations associated with family structure and age are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]