Search

Your search keyword '"Tseng, Philip"' showing total 349 results
Start Over Author "Tseng, Philip"
349 results on '"Tseng, Philip"'

63. Construction and evaluation of multidomain attention training to improve alertness attention, sustained attention, and visual‐spatial attention in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Yang, Hui‐Ling, primary, Chu, Hsin, additional, Kao, Ching‐Chiu, additional, Miao, Nae‐Fang, additional, Chang, Pi‐Chen, additional, Tseng, Philip, additional, O'Brien, Anthony Paul, additional, and Chou, Kuei‐Ru, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

68. Perspective-taking across cultures:shared biases in Taiwanese and British adults

Author

Wang, Jen Jessica, Tseng, Philip, Juan, Chi-Hung, Frisson, Steven, Apperly, Ian, Wang, Jen Jessica, Tseng, Philip, Juan, Chi-Hung, Frisson, Steven, and Apperly, Ian

Abstract

The influential hypothesis by Markus & Kitayama (Markus, Kitayama 1991. Psychol. Rev.98, 224) postulates that individuals from interdependent cultures place others above self in interpersonal contexts. This led to the prediction and finding that individuals from interdependent cultures are less egocentric than those from independent cultures (Wu, Barr, Gann, Keysar 2013. Front. Hum. Neurosci.7, 1–7; Wu, Keysar. 2007 Psychol. Sci.18, 600–606). However, variation in egocentrism can only provide indirect evidence for the Markus and Kitayama hypothesis. The current study sought direct evidence by giving British (independent) and Taiwanese (interdependent) participants two perspective-taking tasks on which an other-focused ‘altercentric’ processing bias might be observed. One task assessed the calculation of simple perspectives; the other assessed the use of others' perspectives in communication. Sixty-two Taiwanese and British adults were tested in their native languages at their home institutions of study. Results revealed similar degrees of both altercentric and egocentric interference between the two cultural groups. This is the first evidence that listeners account for a speaker's limited perspective at the cost of their own performance. Furthermore, the shared biases point towards similarities rather than differences in perspective-taking across cultures.

Published
2019

69. Perspective-taking across cultures : shared biases in Taiwanese and British adults

Author

Wang, Jen Jessica, Tseng, Philip, Juan, Chi-Hung, Frisson, Steven, Apperly, Ian, Wang, Jen Jessica, Tseng, Philip, Juan, Chi-Hung, Frisson, Steven, and Apperly, Ian

Abstract

The influential hypothesis by Markus & Kitayama (Markus, Kitayama 1991. Psychol. Rev.98, 224) postulates that individuals from interdependent cultures place others above self in interpersonal contexts. This led to the prediction and finding that individuals from interdependent cultures are less egocentric than those from independent cultures (Wu, Barr, Gann, Keysar 2013. Front. Hum. Neurosci.7, 1–7; Wu, Keysar. 2007 Psychol. Sci.18, 600–606). However, variation in egocentrism can only provide indirect evidence for the Markus and Kitayama hypothesis. The current study sought direct evidence by giving British (independent) and Taiwanese (interdependent) participants two perspective-taking tasks on which an other-focused ‘altercentric’ processing bias might be observed. One task assessed the calculation of simple perspectives; the other assessed the use of others' perspectives in communication. Sixty-two Taiwanese and British adults were tested in their native languages at their home institutions of study. Results revealed similar degrees of both altercentric and egocentric interference between the two cultural groups. This is the first evidence that listeners account for a speaker's limited perspective at the cost of their own performance. Furthermore, the shared biases point towards similarities rather than differences in perspective-taking across cultures.

Published
2019

85. Enhancing implicit change detection through motor action

Author

Tseng, Philip, Tünnermann, Jan, Roker-Knight, Nancy, Winter, Dorina, Scharlau, Ingrid, and Bridgeman, Bruce C.

Subjects
Psychology
Abstract

Implicit change detection demonstrates how the visual system can benefit from stored information that is not immediately available to conscious awareness. We investigated the role of motor action in this context. In the first two experiments, using a one-shot implicit change-detection paradigm, participants responded to unperceived changes either with an action (jabbing the screen at the guessed location of a change) or with words (verbal report), and sat either 60 cm or 300 cm (with a laser pointer) away from the display. Our observers guessed the locations of changes at a reachable distance better with an action than with a verbal judgment. At 300 cm, beyond reach, the motor advantage disappeared. In experiment 3, this advantage was also unavailable when participants sat at a reachable distance but responded with hand-held laser pointers near their bodies. We conclude that a motor system specialized for real-time visually guided behavior has access to additional visual information. Importantly, this system is not activated by merely executing an action (experiment 2) or presenting stimuli in one's near space (experiment 3). It is activated only when both conditions are fulfilled, which implies that it is the actual contact that matters to the visual system.

Published
2010

92. Individual Differences and State-Dependent Responses in Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation.

Author

Tzu-Yu Hsu, Chi-Hung Juan, and Tseng, Philip

Subjects
TRANSCRANIAL direct current stimulation, NEURAL circuitry, VISUAL memory, NONINVASIVE diagnostic tests, POSTERIOR cranial fossa
Abstract

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been extensively used to examine whether neural activities can be selectively increased or decreased with manipulations of current polarity. Recently, the field has reevaluated the traditional anodal-increase and cathodal-decrease assumption due to the growing number of mixed findings that report the effects of the opposite directions. Therefore, the directionality of tDCS polarities and how it affects each individual still remain unclear. In this study, we used a visual working memory (VWM) paradigm and systematically manipulated tDCS polarities, types of different independent baseline measures, and task difficulty to investigate how these factors interact to determine the outcome effect of tDCS. We observed that only low-performers, as defined by their no-tDCS corsi block tapping (CBT) performance, persistently showed a decrement in VWM performance after anodal stimulation, whereas no tDCS effect was found when participants were divided by their performance in digit span. In addition, only the optimal level of task difficulty revealed any significant tDCS effect. All these findings were consistent across different blocks, suggesting that the tDCS effect was stable across a short period of time. Lastly, there was a high degree of intra-individual consistency in one's responsiveness to tDCS, namely that participants who showed positive or negative effect to anodal stimulation are also more likely to show the same direction of effects for cathodal stimulation. Together, these findings imply that tDCS effect is interactive and state dependent: task difficulty and consistent individual differences modulate one's responsiveness to tDCS, while researchers' choices of independent behavioral baseline measures can also critically affect how the effect of tDCS is evaluated. These factors together are likely the key contributors to the wide range of "noises" in tDCS effects between individuals, between stimulation protocols, and between different studies in the literature. Future studies using tDCS, and possibly tACS, should take such state-dependent condition in tDCS responsiveness into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results