Search

Your search keyword '"Towle, A C"' showing total 535 results
Start Over Author "Towle, A C"
535 results on '"Towle, A C"'

62. Inhibition of growth hormone action in models of inflammation

Author

BERGAD, PEARL L., SCHWARZENBERG, SARAH JANE, HUMBERT, JEFFREY T., MORRISON, MICHELLE, AMARASINGHE, SHERANI, TOWLE, HOWARD C., and BERRY, SUSAN A.

Subjects
Cellular signal transduction -- Research, Rats -- Physiological aspects, Protease inhibitors -- Research, Endotoxins -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Bergad, Pearl L., Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, Jeffrey T. Humbert, Michelle Morrison, Sherani Amarasinghe, Howard C. Towle, and Susan A. Berry. Inhibition of growth hormone action in models of inflammation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 279: C1906-C1917, 2000.--Growth hormone (GH) action is attenuated during the hepatic acute-phase response (APR). To understand this attenuation, we asked whether GH and cytokine-signaling pathways intersect during an APR. In hypophysectomized rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), accumulation of activated signal transducer and transcription activator 5 (Stat5) in hepatic nuclei in response to GH and its binding to a GH response element (GHRE) from the serine protease inhibitor (Spi) 2.1 promoter are diminished in a time-dependent manner. Similarly, accumulation of activated Stat3 in hepatic nuclei in response to LPS and its binding to a high-affinity sis-inducible element (SIE) are also diminished by the simultaneous administration of GH. In functional assays with primary hepatocytes, LPS-stimulated monocyte-conditioned medium (MoCM) inhibits the GH response of Stat5-dependent Spi 2.1 reporter activity but induces Stat3-dependent Spi 2.2 reporter activity, as in an APR. Similar results are obtained when hepatocytes are treated with either tumor necrosis factor-[Alpha] (TNF-[Alpha]) or interleukin (IL)-1[Beta]. TNF-[Alpha], IL-1[Beta], and IL-6 also inhibit GH-induced Spi 2.1 mRNA expression in hepatocytes. Thus inhibition of the GH signaling pathway during an APR results in reduced expression of GH-responsive genes. signal transducers and activators of transcription proteins; rat liver; serine protease inhibitors 2.1 and 2.2; lipopolysaccharide

Published
2000

73. Upstream stimulatory factor regulates Pdx-1 gene expression in differentiated pancreatic beta-cells

Author

Qian, J, Kaytor, E N, Towle, H C, and Olson, L K

Subjects
Homeodomain Proteins, endocrine system, Transfection, digestive system, DNA-Binding Proteins, Islets of Langerhans, Gene Expression Regulation, Trans-Activators, Animals, Humans, Insulin, Upstream Stimulatory Factors, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Cells, Cultured, Research Article, Transcription Factors
Abstract

The homeobox gene Pdx-1 plays a key role in the development of the pancreas. In the adult, however, expression of the Pdx-1 gene is restricted to pancreatic beta-cells and endocrine cells of duodenal epithelium. Recently, the transcription factor, upstream stimulatory factor (USF), has been shown to bind in vitro to a mutationally sensitive E-box motif within the 5'-flanking region of the Pdx-1 gene [Sharma, Leonard, Lee, Chapman, Leiter and Montminy (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 2294-2299]. In the present study, we show that USF not only binds to the Pdx-1 gene promoter but also functionally regulates the expression of the Pdx-1 gene in differentiated pancreatic beta-cells. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a dominant negative form of USF2 decreased binding of endogenous USF to the E-box element by approximately 90%. This reduction in endogenous USF binding led to a greater than 50% decrease in Pdx-1 gene promoter activity, which, in turn, resulted in marked reductions in Pdx-1 mRNA and protein levels. Importantly, the lower Pdx-1 protein levels led to a greater than 50% reduction in Pdx-1 binding activity to the A3 element on the insulin gene promoter, and a significant reduction in insulin mRNA levels. Overall, our results show that USF functionally regulates Pdx-1 gene expression in differentiated pancreatic beta-cells and provide the first functional data for a role of USF in the regulation of a normal cellular gene.

Published
1999

87. The 2015-2016 Winter Season.

Author

Fall, Bruce A., Towle, Howard C., and Budde, Paul E.

Subjects
MOTTLED duck, DUCK ecology, DUCKS, IVORY gull, WINTER, REPRODUCTION
Published
2016

89. Thyroidectomy increases rat hepatic ferritin iron

Author

Winklemann, John C., Mariash, Cary N., Towle, Howard C., and Oppenheimer, Jack H.

Subjects
Iron in the body -- Research, Thyroid hormones -- Research, Thyroid gland -- Research
Published
1981

94. Marksmanship Expert Trainer.

Author

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC, Marshall, Albert H, McCormack, Robert T, Purvis, Edward J, Wolff, Ronald S, Towle, Herbert C, DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC, Marshall, Albert H, McCormack, Robert T, Purvis, Edward J, Wolff, Ronald S, and Towle, Herbert C

Abstract

The invention is a markmanship trainer that can accommodate a plurality of trainees. The trainer includes a long range light pen to measure sighting accuracy and tracking steadiness. It is set with the sight of a simulated or operational weapon, and achieves resolution to the pixel level by using telescope optics and special purpose circuitry in addition to its computer board. Each trainee is provided with a raster scan display and a computer that provide a target image and corrective feedback to the trainee. Bridge configured dual strain gauges are used to sense breathing, and a force sensor resistor is used to monitor trigger squeeze. Recoil is simulated mechanically, and a simulated report of the weapon is provided through a headset. The feedback of corrective action is provided aurally/graphically from a stored expert library. Keywords: Patents; PAT-CL-434-22. (kr), Supersedes PAT-APPL-276 257-88.

Published
1990

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results