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58. The Global Biogeography Initiative.

Author

Dawson, Michael N, Gillespie, Rosemary, Robin, V. V., Tolley, Krystal A., and Vasconcelos, Thais

Subjects
BIOGEOGRAPHY, HIGH-income countries, SCIENTIFIC knowledge, PHILOSOPHY of science, PHYSICAL geography
Published
2023
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59. Application of a trait‐based climate change vulnerability assessment to determine management priorities at protected area scale

Author

Harper, Jack R. M., primary, van Wilgen, Nicola J., additional, Turner, Andrew A., additional, Tolley, Krystal A., additional, Maritz, Bryan, additional, Clusella‐Trullas, Susana, additional, da Silva, Jessica M., additional, Cunningham, Susan J., additional, Cheney, Chad, additional, de Villiers, Atherton L., additional, Measey, John, additional, and Foden, Wendy, additional

Published
2022
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61. Multilateral benefit-sharing from digital sequence information will support both science and biodiversity conservation

Author

Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Scholz, Amber Hartman, Freitag, Jens, Lyal, Christopher H. C., Sara, Rodrigo, Cepeda, Martha Lucía, Cancio Uriarte, Ibon, Sett, Scarlett, Hufton, Andrew Lee, Abebaw, Yemisrach, Bansal, Kailash, Benbouza, Halima, Boga, Hamadi Iddi, Brisse, Sylvain, Bruford, Michael W., Clissold, Hayley, Cochrane, Guy, Coddington, Jonathan A., Deletoille, Anne-Caroline, García Cardona, Felipe, Hamer, Michelle, Hurtado Ortiz, Raquel, Miano, Douglas W., Nicholson, David, Oliveira, Guilherme, Ospina Bravo, Carlos, Rohden, Fabian, Seberg, Ole, Segelbacher, Gernot, Shouche, Yogesh, Sierra, Alejandra, Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene, da Silva, Jessica, Hautea, Desiree M., da Silva, Manuela, Suzuki, Mutsuaki, Tesfaye, Kassahun, Tiambo, Christian Keambou, Tolley, Krystal A., Varshney, Rajeev, Zambrano, María Mercedes, Overmann, Jörg, Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Scholz, Amber Hartman, Freitag, Jens, Lyal, Christopher H. C., Sara, Rodrigo, Cepeda, Martha Lucía, Cancio Uriarte, Ibon, Sett, Scarlett, Hufton, Andrew Lee, Abebaw, Yemisrach, Bansal, Kailash, Benbouza, Halima, Boga, Hamadi Iddi, Brisse, Sylvain, Bruford, Michael W., Clissold, Hayley, Cochrane, Guy, Coddington, Jonathan A., Deletoille, Anne-Caroline, García Cardona, Felipe, Hamer, Michelle, Hurtado Ortiz, Raquel, Miano, Douglas W., Nicholson, David, Oliveira, Guilherme, Ospina Bravo, Carlos, Rohden, Fabian, Seberg, Ole, Segelbacher, Gernot, Shouche, Yogesh, Sierra, Alejandra, Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene, da Silva, Jessica, Hautea, Desiree M., da Silva, Manuela, Suzuki, Mutsuaki, Tesfaye, Kassahun, Tiambo, Christian Keambou, Tolley, Krystal A., Varshney, Rajeev, Zambrano, María Mercedes, and Overmann, Jörg

Abstract

Open access to sequence data is a cornerstone of biology and biodiversity research, but has created tension under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Policy decisions could compromise research and development, unless a practical multilateral solution is implemented.

Published
2022

62. Is it like night and day? Nocturnal versus diurnal perch use by dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion pumilum).

Author

Tolley, Krystal A

Subjects
*PERCH, *CHAMELEONS, *TREE trunks, *BODY size, *REPTILES, *ANALYSIS of variance
Abstract

Arboreal chameleons must navigate a complex, three-dimensional landscape consisting of trees, bushes and/or grasses of various sizes. This complexity equates to the microhabitat of chameleons, that is, the branches upon which they perch and through which they move. Therefore, chameleons rely on their ability to grip perches available to them, and this is evident by their specialised adaptations such as their prehensile tail and their grasping hands and feet. To date, ecological studies of chameleons have relied on gathering data on perch use only at night because locating chameleons during the daytime is extremely difficult. However, the night-time perch represents the sleeping perch of individuals, and this is not necessarily reflective of overall diel perch use. Many other arboreal reptiles are constrained to using thin perches at night, but by day their microhabitat is more variable, using thicker branches, limbs or tree trunks. To assess whether this well-entrenched paradigm (night-time perch use being constrained to thin perches) also extends to fully arboreal chameleons, daytime and night-time perch diameters were measured for the Cape Dwarf Chameleon, Bradypodion pumilum, and were compared using analyses of variance statistical approaches. Neither perch diameters nor variance in perch diameters differed between the two photoperiods, and the variance in diameters of perches used was remarkably high. Despite this variance, there was a significant, positive relationship between body size and the diameter of perches used. Unlike other reptiles, the results show that for B. pumilum the night-time perch use is not different than diurnal perch use, and there appears to be a fairly wide range of perches used by chameleons of a given body size over both photoperiods. Nevertheless, the positive trend for chameleons of larger body sizes to choose larger perches than smaller chameleons implies that there are some upper and lower constraints for the diameters of perches used, possibly relating to their ability to effectively grip a range of perch sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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76. Using Red List Indices to monitor extinction risk at national scales.

Author

Raimondo, Domitilla, Young, Bruce E., Brooks, Thomas M., Cardoso, Pedro, van der Colff, Dewidine, de Souza Dias, Braulio Ferreira, Vercillo, Ugo, de Souza, Estevão, Juslén, Aino, Hyvarinen, Esko, von Staden, Lize, Tolley, Krystal, and McGowan, Philip J.K.

Subjects
ENDANGERED species, POPULATION viability analysis, BIOLOGICAL extinction, BIODIVERSITY, SPECIES
Abstract

The Red List Index (RLI) measures change in the aggregate extinction risk of species. It is a key indicator for tracking progress toward nine of the Aichi and many proposed post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework Targets. Here, we consider two formulations of the RLI used for reporting biodiversity trends at national scales. Disaggregated global RLIs measure changing national contributions to global extinction risk and are currently based on five taxonomic groups, while national RLIs measure changing national extinction risk and are based on taxonomic groups assessed multiple times in country. For 74% of nations, the disaggregated global RLI is currently based on three or fewer taxonomic groups. Meanwhile, national RLIs from selected pilot countries Finland, South Africa, and Brazil are computed from twelve, eight, and nine taxonomic groups, respectively. The national RLI and the disaggregated global RLI measure different aspects of biodiversity, in that the former detects national trends in populations of species for which each country is responsible while the latter provides standardized comparisons of nations' contributions to the global extinction risk of the same species groups. As governments commit to the post‐2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, we encourage them to monitor a standard set of taxonomic groups representing different biomes using both RLI formulations to ensure effective target tracking and accurate feedback on their conservation investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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80. Excessive red tape is strangling biodiversity research in South Africa

Author

Alexander, Graham J., primary, Tolley, Krystal A., additional, Maritz, Bryan, additional, McKechnie, Andrew, additional, Manger, Paul, additional, Thomson, Robert L., additional, Schradin, Carsten, additional, Fuller, Andrea, additional, Meyer, Leith, additional, Hetem, Robyn S., additional, Cherry, Michael, additional, Conradie, Werner, additional, Bauer, Aaron M., additional, Maphisa, David, additional, O'Riain, Justin, additional, Parker, Daniel M., additional, Mlambo, Musa C., additional, Bronner, Gary, additional, Madikiza, Kim, additional, Engelbrecht, Adriaan, additional, Lee, Alan T.K., additional, Jansen van Vuuren, Bettine, additional, Mandiwana-Neudani, Tshifhiwa G., additional, Pietersen, Darren, additional, Venter, Jan A., additional, Somers, Michael J., additional, Slotow, Rob, additional, Strauss, W. Maartin, additional, Humphries, Marc S., additional, Ryan, Peter G., additional, and Kerley, Graham I.H., additional

Published
2021
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86. Women in biogeography

Author

Meynard, Christine N., primary, Bernardi, Giacomo, additional, Fraser, Ceridwen, additional, Masters, Judith, additional, Riginos, Cynthia, additional, Sanmartin, Isabel, additional, Tolley, Krystal A., additional, Dawson, Michael N, additional, and Kreft, Holger, additional

Published
2021
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88. Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna

Author

Couvreur, Thomas, Dauby, Gilles, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Deblauwe, Vincent, Dessein, Steven, Droissart, Vincent, Hardy, Oliver, Harris, David, Janssens, Steven, Ley, Alexandra, Mackinder, Barbara, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sosef, Marc, Stévart, Tariq, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Wieringa, Jan, Faye, Adama, Missoup, Alain, Tolley, Krystal, Nicolas, Violaine, Ntie, Stéphan, Fluteau, Frédéric, Robin, Cécile, Guillocheau, Francois, Barboni, Doris, Sepulchre, Pierre, Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), Meise Botanic Garden [Belgium] (Plantentuin), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Université de Yaoundé I, Missouri Botanical Garden, Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], LNRPV Laboratoire National de Recherches et de Productions Végétales, Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA), LPF, University of Douala, South African National Biodiversity Institute, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-15- CE02-0002-01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, RAINBIO, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversite, ANR-15-CE02-0002,AFRODYN,Forêts tropicales humides d'Afrique Centrale : dynamiques passées et résiliences futures(2015), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of California, Botanic Garden Meise, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku [Franceville, Gabon] (USTM), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, tropical Africa, Cenozoic, dated molecular phylogenies, palaeoclimate models, African geology, speciation models, Original Articles, Biodiversity, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Plants, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Animals, Original Article, fossils, Biologie, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Tropical Africa is home to an astonishing biodiversity occurring in a variety of ecosystems. Past climatic change and geological events have impacted the evolution and diversification of this biodiversity. During the last two decades, around 90 dated molecular phylogenies of different clades across animals and plants have been published leading to an increased understanding of the diversification and speciation processes generating tropical African biodiversity. In parallel, extended geological and palaeoclimatic records together with detailed numerical simulations have refined our understanding of past geological and climatic changes in Africa. To date, these important advances have not been reviewed within a common framework. Here, we critically review and synthesize African climate, tectonics and terrestrial biodiversity evolution throughout the Cenozoic to the mid-Pleistocene, drawing on recent advances in Earth and life sciences. We first review six major geo-climatic periods defining tropical African biodiversity diversification by synthesizing 89 dated molecular phylogeny studies. Two major geo-climatic factors impacting the diversification of the sub-Saharan biota are highlighted. First, Africa underwent numerous climatic fluctuations at ancient and more recent timescales, with tectonic, greenhouse gas, and orbital forcing stimulating diversification. Second, increased aridification since the Late Eocene led to important extinction events, but also provided unique diversification opportunities shaping the current tropical African biodiversity landscape. We then review diversification studies of tropical terrestrial animal and plant clades and discuss three major models of speciation: (i) geographic speciation via vicariance (allopatry); (ii) ecological speciation impacted by climate and geological changes, and (iii) genomic speciation via genome duplication. Geographic speciation has been the most widely documented to date and is a common speciation model across tropical Africa. We conclude with four important challenges faced by tropical African biodiversity research: (i) to increase knowledge by gathering basic and fundamental biodiversity information; (ii) to improve modelling of African geophysical evolution throughout the Cenozoic via better constraints and downscaling approaches; (iii) to increase the precision of phylogenetic reconstruction and molecular dating of tropical African clades by using next generation sequencing approaches together with better fossil calibrations; (iv) finally, as done here, to integrate data better from Earth and life sciences by focusing on the interdisciplinary study of the evolution of tropical African biodiversity in a wider geodiversity context., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2021

92. A dwarf among giants: phylogenetic position of the elusive Angolan Adder (Bitis heraldica) and biogeographic affinities of Angolan Afromontane regions

Author

Ceríaco, Luis MP, Tolley, Krystal A, Marques, Mariana P, Heinicke, Matthew P, and Bauer, Aaron M

Abstract

The Angolan Adder, Bitis heraldica (Bocage, 1889), is endemic to the Angolan central plateau and is one of the most poorly known and rarely observed species of African snakes. The phylogenetic placement of B. heraldica within the four subgenera of the genus Bitis (Bitis, Macrocerastes, Calechidna, Keniabitis) has been problematic. The few recent taxonomic and phylogenetic revisions dealing with African viperids and the genus Bitis have not included this species, resulting in the default acceptance of B. heraldica as member of the subgenus Calechidna, based on similar morphology and size. During a survey in Huambo Province, central Angola, we collected the first specimen of this species in the past 65 years, allowing us to examine its phylogenetic relationships to other Bitis using multigene Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses of all species of Bitis, except B. harenna. Contrary to expectations that B. heraldica is a member of the subgenus Calechidna, our results unambiguously place B. heraldica among members of the subgenus Macrocerastes, which contains the largest-bodied species of the genus. The placement of B. heraldica within Macrocerastes raises interesting questions about body-size evolution in viperids and contributes to a better understanding of biogeographic patterns in south-western Africa, and particularly Angola.

Published
2020
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93. Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna

Author

Couvreur, Thomas L P, Dauby, Gilles, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Deblauwe, Vincent, Dessein, Steven, Droissart, Vincent, Hardy, Olivier J., Harris, David, Janssens, Steven, Ley, Alexandra, Mackinder, Barbara B.A., Sonke, Bonaventure, Sosef, Marc S M, Stévart, Tariq, Svenning, Jens Christian, Wieringa, Jan J.J., Faye, Adama, Missoup, Alain Didier, Tolley, Krystal K.A., Nicolas, Violaine, Ntie, Stéphan, Fluteau, Frédiéric, Robin, Cécile, Guillocheau, Francois, Barboni, Doris, Sepulchre, Pierre, Couvreur, Thomas L P, Dauby, Gilles, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Deblauwe, Vincent, Dessein, Steven, Droissart, Vincent, Hardy, Olivier J., Harris, David, Janssens, Steven, Ley, Alexandra, Mackinder, Barbara B.A., Sonke, Bonaventure, Sosef, Marc S M, Stévart, Tariq, Svenning, Jens Christian, Wieringa, Jan J.J., Faye, Adama, Missoup, Alain Didier, Tolley, Krystal K.A., Nicolas, Violaine, Ntie, Stéphan, Fluteau, Frédiéric, Robin, Cécile, Guillocheau, Francois, Barboni, Doris, and Sepulchre, Pierre

Abstract

Tropical Africa is home to an astonishing biodiversity occurring in a variety of ecosystems. Past climatic change and geological events have impacted the evolution and diversification of this biodiversity. During the last two decades, around 90 dated molecular phylogenies of different clades across animals and plants have been published leading to an increased understanding of the diversification and speciation processes generating tropical African biodiversity. In parallel, extended geological and palaeoclimatic records together with detailed numerical simulations have refined our understanding of past geological and climatic changes in Africa. To date, these important advances have not been reviewed within a common framework. Here, we critically review and synthesize African climate, tectonics and terrestrial biodiversity evolution throughout the Cenozoic to the mid-Pleistocene, drawing on recent advances in Earth and life sciences. We first review six major geo-climatic periods defining tropical African biodiversity diversification by synthesizing 89 dated molecular phylogeny studies. Two major geo-climatic factors impacting the diversification of the sub-Saharan biota are highlighted. First, Africa underwent numerous climatic fluctuations at ancient and more recent timescales, with tectonic, greenhouse gas, and orbital forcing stimulating diversification. Second, increased aridification since the Late Eocene led to important extinction events, but also provided unique diversification opportunities shaping the current tropical African biodiversity landscape. We then review diversification studies of tropical terrestrial animal and plant clades and discuss three major models of speciation: (i) geographic speciation via vicariance (allopatry); (ii) ecological speciation impacted by climate and geological changes, and (iii) genomic speciation via genome duplication. Geographic speciation has been the most widely documented to date and is a common speciation model ac, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2020

95. Clinging to survival: Critically Endangered Chapman's pygmy chameleon Rhampholeon chapmanorum persists in shrinking forest patches.

Author

Tolley, Krystal A., Tilbury, Colin R., da Silva, Jessica M., Brown, Gary, Chapeta, Yankho, and Anderson, Christopher V.

Subjects
*CHAMELEONS, *GENE flow, *REMOTE-sensing images, *GENETIC variation, *DEFORESTATION
Abstract

The Critically Endangered Chapman's pygmy chameleon Rhampholeon chapmanorum is endemic to the low elevation rainforest of the Malawi Hills in southern Malawi. Much of this forest has been converted to agriculture and it was uncertain whether chameleon populations have persisted. We used current and historical satellite imagery to identify remaining forest patches and assess deforestation. We then surveyed forest patches for the presence of this chameleon, and assessed its genetic diversity and structure. We estimated that 80% of the forest has been destroyed since 1984, although we found extant populations of the chameleon in each of the patches surveyed. Differentiation of genetic structure was strong between populations, suggesting that gene flow has been impaired. Genetic diversity was not low, but this could be the result of a temporal lag as well as lack of sensitivity in the mitochondrial marker used. Overall, the impact of forest loss is assumed to have led to a large demographic decline, with forest fragmentation preventing gene flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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96. Finding rare species and estimating the probability that all occupied sites have been found.

Author

Becker, Francois S., Slingsby, Jasper A., Measey, John, Tolley, Krystal A., and Altwegg, Res

Subjects
ENDANGERED species, NUMBERS of species, SPECIES distribution, PROBABILITY theory
Abstract

Detecting occupied sites of rare species, and estimating the probability that all occupied sites are known within a given area, are desired outcomes for many ecological or conservation projects. Examples include managing all occupied sites of a threatened species or eradicating an emerging invader. Occupied sites may remain undetected because (1) sites where the species potentially occurs had not been searched, and (2) the species could have been overlooked in the searched sites. For rare species, available data are typically scant, making it difficult to predict sites where the species probably occurs or to estimate detection probability in the searched sites. Using the critically endangered Rose's mountain toadlet (Capensibufo rosei), known from only two localities, we outline an iterative process aimed at estimating the probability that any unknown occupied sites remain and maximizing the chance of finding them. This includes fitting a species distribution model to guide sampling effort, testing model accuracy and sampling efficacy using the occurrence of more common proxy species, and estimating detection probability using sites of known presence. The final estimate of the probability that all occupied sites were found incorporates the uncertainties of uneven distribution, relative area searched, and detection probability. Our results show that very few occupied sites of C. rosei are likely to remain undetected. We also show that the probability of an undetected occupied site remaining will always be high for large unsearched areas of potential occurrence, but can be low for smaller areas intended for targeted management interventions. Our approach is especially useful for assessing uncertainty in species occurrences, planning the required search effort needed to reduce probability of unknown occurrence to desired levels, and identifying priority areas for further searches or management interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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98. Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna

Author

Couvreur, Thomas L.P., primary, Dauby, Gilles, additional, Blach‐Overgaard, Anne, additional, Deblauwe, Vincent, additional, Dessein, Steven, additional, Droissart, Vincent, additional, Hardy, Oliver J., additional, Harris, David J., additional, Janssens, Steven B., additional, Ley, Alexandra C., additional, Mackinder, Barbara A., additional, Sonké, Bonaventure, additional, Sosef, Marc S.M., additional, Stévart, Tariq, additional, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, additional, Wieringa, Jan J., additional, Faye, Adama, additional, Missoup, Alain D., additional, Tolley, Krystal A., additional, Nicolas, Violaine, additional, Ntie, Stéphan, additional, Fluteau, Frédiéric, additional, Robin, Cécile, additional, Guillocheau, Francois, additional, Barboni, Doris, additional, and Sepulchre, Pierre, additional

Published
2020
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