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Understanding consumers' food waste behaviour has become increasingly crucial, given its adverse impacts on sustainability. Therefore, this study segmented consumers based on their food choice motives and investigated key factors influencing food waste reduction behaviour in university canteens employing attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy (ASE) framework extended with environmental concern, situational, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. An online survey was conducted in Denmark among university canteen users (n = 438). Hierarchical cluster analysis identified four segments, (1) Familiarity sensitive consumers – 34.9 % of participants, (2) Unconcerned consumers – 19.9 %, (3) Food for health and mood consumers – 19.2 %, and (4) Unfamiliar consumers – 26 %. Partial least squares structural equation modelling analysis shows that attitude, self-efficacy, and environmental concern significantly influenced behavioural intention, eventually influencing food waste reduction behaviour. Social influence and situational factors did not influence behavioural intention. Sensory appeal, price, health–mood, and familiarity significantly influenced behavioural attitude, whereas familiarity and weight control significantly influenced behaviour. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors indirectly influence behavioural intention by their effects on attitudes, self-efficacy, and environmental concerns. Education, income, dietary patterns, and body mass index directly impacted food waste reduction behaviour. We suggest that improving consumers' attitudes and environmental concern while enhancing their self-efficacy might positively influence food waste reduction behaviour. Besides psychosocial factors, intervention should also consider focusing on consumers' food choice motives and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors to effectively influence food waste reduction behaviour in university canteen or similar settings., FOODRUS

Food loss and waste (FLW) contribute significantly to the global food system's economic and environmental burdens, including substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, resource depletion, and waste management challenges. In alignment with the European Commission's sustainability objectives and U.N. Sustainable Development Goal 12.3, this study explores the potential energy and environmental footprint savings achievable by halving FLW in Europe by 2030. Using a multiregional input-output model, we estimated the total global energy and environmental footprint savings across all stages of the food supply chain, considering industry-specific FLW rates and proportion weights. The findings reveal substantial environmental savings across Europe, with aggregate savings potentially reaching 51 Mt CO2e (0.09 t CO2e/p), 4,620 Mm3 (8 m3/p) of blue water, 106,446 km2 (179 m2/p) of cropland, 55,523 km2 (93 m2/p) of grassland, and 0.47 EJ (0.54 TJ/p) of energy. The greatest potential for savings was found in Western Europe, specifically in France, Germany, Belgium, and The Netherlands. However, countries with a lower per capita GDP, such as Greece, Croatia, Bulgaria, and Romania, also demonstrate significant per capita savings potential, indicating that wealth does not necessarily correlate with higher environmental savings. Agricultural production emerged as the stage with the highest footprint reduction potential for GHG and resource footprints across Europe, while the foodservice and institutional stages offer the greatest energy-saving potential. Geographical disparities underscore the need for region-specific policies. These results challenge the wealth-sustainability correlation and advocate for adaptable policies that transcend national wealth and accommodate regional disparities, underlining the pivotal roles of the agricultural production and consumption stages in footprint savings.

This report presents scenarios for future (2030) land-use in agriculture & forestry, and for exploitation of marine resources. The newest knowledge on resource efficient production methods (e.g., maximal carbon capture by photosynthesis & efficient nutrient use) have been used to frame the three scenarios: Business-as-usual mimicking a continuation of the current conditions for production of biomass. Biomass assuming sustainable intensification of the production. Extensification taking into account significant environment, climate and nature concerns. For agriculture, also the effects of +/- 20 % animal production are analysed. The scenarios resulted in increased biomass delivery of up to 13 M tonnes of dry matter for agriculture. No significant increase was found in forestry delivery by 2030 due to the sectors’ long production cycles. Marine biomass contributed up to 58 ktonnes of dry matter. Integrated biorefinery systems were set up for analysing cascade utilization of the biomass and budget economics are discussed. The scenarios have large impacts on the land-use with up to 11 % of the farmed area set aside for nature purposes in Extensification, and with significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and nitrate leaching in all scenarios.

Seaweed is increasingly considered a promising resource to produce high-value products such as bioplastics due to potential environmental benefits such as carbon uptake and no land-use change. However, the environmental assessment of emerging technologies for producing bioplastic from seaweed remains challenging due to the difficulties in modeling future seaweed supply and demand. Within the consequential approach to life cycle assessment, an increase in demand for seaweed is met by the marginal suppliers in the market: those that are not constrained in their capacity to increase supply in response to an increase in demand. Current methods to identify marginal suppliers are however based on quantitative information and do not consider qualitative aspects and uncertainties inherent in the study of emerging technologies. This study, therefore, proposes and tests the use of quantitative storytelling to identify marginal suppliers. The results show that there are two main groups of countries that are expected to be the marginal suppliers of brown seaweed for different reasons. Asian countries are currently the main brown seaweed suppliers and are expected to keep increasing and be marginal suppliers in the future. However, these countries have well-established brown seaweed aquaculture and their growth is expected to be steady. On the other hand, brown seaweed suppliers in Northern Europe and North America are still emerging but are expected to grow faster in the future due to their production capacity and technological development.

The study builds on an extensive literature review, a survey, and in-depth interviews to investigate the potential of 10 microalgae and macroalgae production systems in contributing to animal feed requirements in the EU. It summarizes the current state of knowledge in terms of biomass, nutritional yields, costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The report also compares production systems against land-based crops (e.g. soya) with similar nutritional properties. Finally, it assesses the EU potential for algae production that could be supported by current CO2 point-source emissions and that could contribute to (today and in the future) animal’s feed requirements. Overall, as algae production is an area where production and Research & Development are evolving in parallel, there is significant variability in values estimated for the criteria investigated. Follow-up research is required in particular on: additional macro- and microalgae species, as well as additional land-based production systems; postharvest processing to support upscaling of biomass production in a sustainable manner and to remove unwanted minerals; and improvement of nutritional value (e.g. digestibility and assimilation) of cultivable algae for animals.

The promotion of a plant-based diet has been advocated as a sustainable solution to promote health and lower the food environmental impact, both affected by the large consumption of animal and highly processed foods. Being healthy, sustainable, and peculiarly rich in umami, the fifth primary taste lacking in most fruit and vegetables, seaweed could be used to overcome one of the major obstacles towards the adoption of a plant-based diet, namely their poor palatability. For this reason, we designed a convenient product, a mayo-based salad, that included seaweed in order to be more closely aligned with the Danish dietary guidelines (i.e., plant-based, and containing less fat, salt and sugar). To be considered acceptable, healthier and sustainable, our study objectives, we conducted multiple consumer surveys and a life cycle assessment (LCA), where commercial analogous products (tuna and vegan tuna mayo-based salads) were used as references. The seaweed product was designed based on the Value Proposition Canvas and developed through the several phases of prototyping. Four consumer surveys were conducted at University of Copenhagen as well as Nordic Seaweed Conference for sensory analyses and further optimization. The environmental impact (global warming, freshwater and marine eutrophication, land use and water consumption) of our prototype was compared to the plant- and animal-based references. The results of the survey(s) highlighted a lower acceptance for samples containing a high seaweed concentration (>3%); similarly, products designed with a lower amount of oil (i.e., fat) were also found less acceptable. Finally, the check-all-that-apply (CATA) attributes that differentiated our prototypes from the references used in the second and third survey (e.g., creamy, smooth and rough texture; salty, sweet, fatty and fishy taste; greenish appearance) were also the ones (positively or negatively) associated with the most liked products in the fourth survey, where only i

Over the last decades, urban agriculture (UA) and controlled environmental agriculture (CEA) have been growing in many urban areas of the world to supply fresh food locally and to provide multiple benefits for the sustainable development of urban landscapes. Municipal policies and regulatory tools are increasingly employed to support UA/CEA and minimize practical challenges. However, especially in Europe, there is a lack of systematic reviews that evaluate the impacts of city-level food policies for UA/CEA and their effectiveness as perceived by local responsible actors. To address this gap, this study presents a qualitative overview of municipal policies that affect UA/CEA. We reviewed more than 83 policy documents and manuscripts and performed an online structured survey targeting key local managers or employees of UA and innovative CEA systems in four EU cities – Barcelona (Spain), Lyon (France), Trieste and Udine (Italy). We assessed policy tools, especially for three identified types of UA (allotment gardens, community gardens and closed spaces using CEA) by mainly focusing on public and private institutions and including aspects concerning land use planning, health and environmental policies. The findings demonstrate how the four cities’ municipal governments specifically designed and combined a multiplicity of policy instruments to enable, regulate and acknowledge UA/CEA as part of the urban metabolism and landscape. The policy instruments were shaped by different local governance and institutional structures as well as by the local actors and community practitioners and their growing interest in UA/CEA.

INTRODUCTION: This systematic literature review and meta-analysis investigated the effectiveness of the nudging approach toward sustainable food consumption in the university canteen context.METHODS: The systematic literature search was carried out in 5 databases, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and the Royal Library, identifying 14 eligible studies and selecting 9 articles containing adequate information for meta-analysis. The nudging strategies were classified using the typology of interventions in the proximal physical microenvironments framework that resulted in 5 different intervention types: availability, position, size, presentation, and information that belonged to either intervention class-altering properties or placement.RESULTS: The study identified presentation, availability, and information as the most promising nudge intervention for achieving sustainable food consumption at the university canteen or similar settings. Nudging by altering the properties had a small effect size (d = 0.16), and nudging by altering placement showed a medium effect size (d = 0.21).DISCUSSION: Nudging interventions implemented after understanding consumers' current behavior showed positive effectiveness toward sustainable food consumption rather than implementing random nudges.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: It is important that future studies aim to achieve sustainable food consumption by understanding canteen user food preferences and food choice motives before designing a nudging strategy.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and the number of neonates with suspected invasive bacterial infection (IBI) needed to treat (NNT) with acyclovir to ensure prompt treatment of invasive HSV infections. Design: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Setting: All neonatal and paediatric emergency departments in Denmark from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. Patients: Neonates aged 0-28 days with HSV infection. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measures were incidence and NNT. The NNT was calculated based on neonates with invasive HSV infection whose onset symptoms resembled IBI and the estimated number of Danish neonates who received antibiotics for suspected IBI. Results: Fifty-four neonates with HSV infection were identified, that is, an incidence of 9 per 100 000 live births. Twenty presented with symptoms resembling IBI, all within the first 14 days of life. Of 18 (78%) neonates, 14 had elevated C reactive protein, 14 of 19 (74%) had elevated alanine aminotransferase and 11 of 17 (65%) had thrombocytopaenia. The estimated NNTs with empiric acyclovir at postnatal ages 0-3, 4-7 and 8-14 days were 1139 (95% CI 523 to 3103), 168 (95% CI 101 to 726) and 117 (95% CI 48 to 198), respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of neonatal HSV infection was higher than in previous decades; however, the estimated NNT with empiric acyclovir was high. Therefore, we propose not to treat all neonates suspected of IBI with empiric acyclovir, as current European guidelines suggest. However, HSV should be considered in neonates with signs of infection, especially after the third postnatal day and in neonates with high alanine aminotransferases and thrombocytopaenia.

The chapter gives an overview of the challenges facing the global food system and the need for redesigning food production. Sustainability is used as “buzz-word” in many circumstances without proper consideration of what it really implies. To give an overview about this complex topic, this chapter presents and discusses the concept of sustainability and its three dimensions. The interpretation of social, economic, and environmental sustainability in the era of future circular and regenerative food production systems design is discussed with reference to both the present situation and the future challenges. The actions taken by the food industry and by the research establishment to support improvement of sustainability and moving into the era of a regenerative circular bioeconomy design of local to global food production and processing are reviewed. The important links between sustainable innovation, environmental, and human health, i.e., food safety, are emphasized. And finally, we describe a number of important issues that are considered and acted on for a more sustainable global food production in the future.

The 15th International Conference on Technology in Mathematics Teaching (ICTMT 15) took place on September 13–16, 2022, in the Danish School of Education, Aarhus University, located on campus Emdrup, in the Northwestern district of Copenhagen, Denmark. There were a total of 66 participants from 15 different countries. ICTMT 15 certainly focused on the impacts that the coronavirus pandemic has had on global mathematics education. However, it looked at the impacts of digital technology from a much wider perspective. In particular, the conference aimed to highlight how technology facilitates the multiple “Connections and Connectivity” between us all to achieve the goals of purposeful mathematics education in the early 21st century. By “Connections” we mean the interrelationships between researchers, teachers, students, parents, policymakers, and industry (big and small). “Connectivity” includes oral, aural, textual and gestural communications as mediated by the internet, learning environments and classroom activities. Together, “Connections and Connectivity” describes the relationships between people, between different ideas and strategies to teach, and between people and environments. It offers a frame through which to interpret assessment in mathematics education as a more formative process from the point of view of both teachers and students.

Pulses support sustainable production and consumption. Their culinary versatility creates a wide range of possibilities for new products, bridging consumers’ preparation barriers. However, this potential is often intangible for consumers who have little knowledge about plant-based foods. Based on an online survey in Denmark, Germany, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom (N = 4,226), this study aimed to investigate consumer utilization and perception of pulses as a versatile, low-carbon food relative to objective life cycle assessment (LCA) measures of 12 pulse types. The most popular pulse types, with specific preferences across countries, were lentils, kidney beans, and chickpeas, typically consumed at home and purchased in dried or canned form. Respondents associated pulses with being healthy and natural, but sustainability was not an essential attribute related to the perception of pulses. LCA revealed a low environmental impact caused by pulse production and consumption, with marginal variations between types and produce. Respondents were unaware of the nuances in the environmental impact of different pulse types, generally perceiving uncommon pulses to be relatively more sustainable than others. In conclusion, a low consumption combined with a misconception of pulses’ environmental impact may demand different promotional strategies including clear communication to inform consumers.