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Monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) is an attractive cancer drug target due to the important role that it plays in centrosome duplication, the spindle assembly checkpoint, and the maintenance of chromosomal stability. A design based on JNK inhibitors with an aminopyridine scaffold and subsequent modifications identified diaminopyridine 9 with an IC50 of 37 nM. The X-ray structure of 9 revealed that the Cys604 carbonyl group of the hinge region flips to form a hydrogen bond with the aniline NH group in 9. Further optimization of 9 led to 12 with improved cellular activity, suitable pharmacokinetic profiles, and good in vivo efficacy in the mouse A549 xenograft model. Moreover, 12 displayed excellent selectivity over 95 kinases, indicating the contribution of its unusual flipped-peptide conformation to its selectivity.

Transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) is the most promising noninvasive method for supplying driving energy to a totally implantable artificial heart. Induction-heating (IH) cookers generate a magnetic flux, and if a cooker is operated near a transcutaneous transformer, the magnetic flux generated will link with its external and internal coils. This will affect the performance of the TET and the artificial heart system. In this paper, we present the design and development of a coil to be used for a magnetic immunity test, and we detail the investigation of the magnetic immunity of a transcutaneous transformer. The experimental coil, with five turns like a solenoid, was able to generate a uniform magnetic field in the necessary bandwidth. A magnetic-field immunity examination of the TET system was performed using this coil, and the system was confirmed to have sufficient immunity to the magnetic field generated as a result of the conventional operation of induction-heating cooker.

近年，UWB（Ultra Wideband）無線通信技術が近距離エリア内の高速，大容量通信用途に注目されている。電子機器組み込み用のUWB小型アンテナは広帯域にわたって低VSWR特性や水平面内で無指向性であることが必要とされている。本論文では，USBメモリケースなどに内蔵可能な，水平面内無指向性のUWBアンテナを提案し，プリント配線板上に形成されたUWBアンテナの特性の検討を行った。その結果，提案・検討したアンテナはUWB帯域において，良好なVSWR特性と放射特性を示すことが明らかになった。

Dissimilatory nitrite reductase (NIR) is a key enzyme in denitrification, catalyzing the first step that leads to gaseous products (NO, N 2 O, and N 2 ). We have determined the crystal structure of a Cu-containing NIR from a methylotrophic denitrifying bacterium, Hyphomicrobium denitrificans , at 2.2-Å resolution. The overall structure of this H. denitrificans NIR reveals a trigonal prism-shaped molecule in which a monomer consisting of 447 residues and three Cu atoms is organized into a unique hexamer (i.e., a tightly associated dimer of trimers). Each monomer is composed of an N-terminal region containing a Greek key β-barrel folding domain, cupredoxin domain I, and a C-terminal region containing cupredoxin domains II and III. Both cupredoxin domains I and II bind one type 1 Cu and are combined with a long loop comprising 31 amino acid residues. The type 2 Cu is ligated at the interface between domain II of one monomer and domain III of an adjacent monomer. Between the two trimeric C-terminal regions are three interfaces formed by an interaction between the domains I, and the type 1 Cu in the domain is required for dimerization of the trimer. The type 1 Cu in domain II functions as an electron acceptor from an electron donor protein and then transfers an electron to the type 2 Cu, binding the substrate to reduce nitrite to NO. The discussion of the intermolecular electron transfer process from cytochrome c 550 to the H. denitrificans NIR is based on x-ray crystallographic and kinetic results.

PURPOSE Many forestry workers who use chain-saws suffer from low back pain. Previous studies have reported that low back pain is related to the working postures while felling a tree with a using chain-saws. However, no previous study has investigated trunk muscle activities during work. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between working postures while holding a chain-saw, and trunk muscles activities as measured by surface electromyography (EMG). METHOD Subjects were 10 males who were not forestry workers. Four task postures while holding a chain-saw were tested: standing, 30(o) trunk flexion, 90(o) trunk flexion and half-kneeling. EMG recordings were obtained bilaterally of the lumbar paraspinal (LP) muscles and rectus abdominis (RA) muscles. Raw EMG data were processed by integrating the EMG and normalizing them to %MVC. The paired t-test was used to detect statistical differences in the activities between the right and left LP muscles and RA muscles. One-factor repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the bilateral LP and RA muscle activities among the 4 different postures. The significance level was set to less than 5%. RESULTS In the half-kneeling posture, the right LP muscle activity was 14.7% higher than the left LP muscle activity (p

The problem of killer condo (fake quake-resistance condominium) struck close to home to an architectural industry and real estate agents.Various reports and proposals were made public to this problem. Now, a concrete improvement idea is discussed as a prevention plan. However, the content to refer the document of architectural information is few.In this paper, the current state of an architectural industry and the real estate agents that doesn't try to leave the document positively is described. In addition, it is described that the existence of the document and the establishment of the traceability control this problem.

This paper presents an improvement in the electrical properties of a high-hydrous gel phantom by adding a carbon microcoil (CMC). A mechanism to improve the relative permittivity by the addition of the CMC is introduced. The CMC functions as an inductance at a certain frequency range. Adding a CMC to the conventional phantom is useful in improving the electrical characteristics at a frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 MHz, thereby increasing the relative permittivity.

Ischemia-induced hyperactivity is recognized several hours after both common carotid arteries' occlusion for 5 min in Mongolian gerbils, and it continues for at least 7 days. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible mechanisms of this abnormal behavior. Methamphetamine (MAP) (1 and 3 mg /kg) was administered for 7 days and imipramine (IMP) (5 and 10 mg/kg) was administered for 7 or 14 days. Bilateral carotid artery was occluded for 5 min 24 h after the last administrations of these drugs. MAP, which had been administered every day for 1 week, showed marked inhibition in the ischemia-induced hyperactivity. However, IMP did not have any effect even though it had been injected every day for 2 weeks. Hippocampal CA1 neuronal changes also appeared in the MAP- and IMP-administered groups. As the dopaminergic neurotransmission is facilitated by the repeated administration of MAP, the ischemia-induced hyperactivity may be related to abnormalities in dopaminergic function. The participation of the other neurotransmitters is also discussed.

In recent years, ultra wideband(UWB) communication has attracted attention as a high-speed and mass wireless communication technology over short distances. In UWB communication, antennas are required to have a low VSWR over the broadband and omni-directional radiation in the horizontal plane. In this study, toward building the antenna within electronic equipment housing, a simple bent-type UWB antenna fed by a microstrip line is proposed, and the characteristics of the antenna fed by an SMA coaxial connector are investigated. As a result, at UWB frequencies, the antenna (either with or without the SMA connector) operated correctly, with a VSWR less than 2.0 and with omni-directional radiation patterns in the horizontal plane.

The effects of immobilization stress on anticonvulsant actions and pharmacokinetics of zonisamide were investigated in mice. Oral administrations of zonisamide (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced incidence of tonic extension (TE) induced by maximal electroshock seizure (MES). Immobilization stress for 2 h immediately after the administration of zonisamide further enhanced the anticonvulsive actions of it. On the other hand, the serum zonisamide concentrations in stressed group were lower during the first 30 min after the administration compared with that in nonstressed control group. Thereafter, there were no significant differences in the serum concentrations between two groups. The brain zonisamide concentration and the concentration ratio of brain/serum at 2 h after administration of zonisamide (50 mg/kg) were significantly higher in stressed group, rather than that in the nonstressed control group without changing the serum concentration. These results suggest that immobilization stress enhances anticonvulsant actions of zonisamide, and that increases of brain zonisamide concentration by immobilization stress may be related with this phenomenon.

The accumulation of large quantities of sediments in the port of Kanazawa prevents smooth navigation every year. To find the directions of the sand movement and the sedimentary sources of littoral drift of sand in the port of Kanazawa, the methods of the ratio matching and gradients of kilo count number per second per weight of each element are applied after analyzing geochemical elements in sand samples. According to the correlation numbers obtained from the ratio matching, three kinds of sediments were found near the port, two of which were found in the port. The first kind of sediment is transported by the stationary, strong ocean current, which flows along the coast from the southwest to the northeast. These advected sediments accumulate near the tip of the breakwater because of the decrease of current velocities due to the blocking effect of the breakwater. During the winter season or during storms with incident waves of high amplitude, the accumulated sediments intrude into the port. The second and third kinds of sediment are conveyed into the port along the beach by the back flows of the ocean current. The back flows are caused by the interaction of the strong ocean current with the long breakwater. The historical coastal change near the port of Kanazawa following the construction of the long breakwater is estimated using the present results.

To estimate the direction of sand movement and find the sedimentary sources near and in the fishery port of Hashidate, where the breakwater arrangement is very complex, the ratios of geochemical elements to construct sand samples are obtained by an X-ray fluorescent spectroscopy (XRF). The method of ratio matching gives correlation numbers (not correlation coefficient) which are different from the statistical meanings and show the similarity between two sand samples in the ratio of geochemical elements. The geochemical aspect of the sedimentary sand in the port is found to be similar to sand on Hashidate swimming beach. So the sedimentary source in the port is considered to be caused by the littoral drift of sand from Hashidate swimming beach. The result of this study is in good agreement with the comparisons of shoreline changes at Hashidate swimming beach and contour lines near the port using sea-bottom topographies and aerial photographs in different years. The analysis of a satellite image proves the result of this study is correct. These insist that the method of ratio matching and gradients of each element using geochemical elements in sand samples is very reliable for finding the sedimentary source and determining net sediment transport path.

There is disclosed a current limiter having a plurality of current limiting units provided for electric paths constituting a plurality of phases, Each current limiting unit is constituted by a superconducting coil functioning as a first current limiting element formed in a non-inductive winding manner by connecting two superconducting coils in series, which superconducting coils are wound in opposite directions and equal in size and number of turns, and a superconducting coil functioning as a second current limiting element connected in parallel to the first current limiting element and having a predetermined impedance value. These current limiting units are contained within a cryostat and separated by a magnetic shield member for electromagnetically isolating the respective phases.

This paper presents guidelines for circuit analysis using symmetry, which is an extension of Bartlett's bisection theorem. The theory of modal S-parameters and the circuit representation are constructed from a group-theoretic perspective. The principles are explained with a simple circuit as an example. As a result, a finite combination of smaller circuits can characterize an entire circuit. This allows for easier understanding of the behavior. An analysis of a three-phase filter is performed as an application example.

The electromagnetic compatibility of implantable or wearable medical devices has often been evaluated using human phantoms to electrically mimic biological tissues. However, no currently existing test fixture can measure the electrical characteristics of gel-like materials. In this paper, we report the development of a new test fixture that consists of a coaxial tube whose outer conductor is divided along the axial direction into two sections, which facilitates filling and removal of gel-like materials in order to measure their electrical characteristics. Using this test fixture, we measured the electrical characteristics of a cow's muscular tissues up to 1 h post-mortem; these measurements allowed us to obtain the relative permittivity and conductivity of the biological tissue, which should help to enable the design of new human phantoms.

Monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) is essential for centrosome duplication, the spindle assembly check point, and the maintenance of chromosomal instability. Mps1 is highly expressed in cancer cells, and its expression levels correlate with the histological grades of cancers. Thus, selective Mps1 inhibitors offer an attractive opportunity for the development of novel cancer therapies. To design novel Mps1 inhibitors, we utilized the pan-kinase inhibitor anthrapyrazolone (4, SP600125) and its crystal structure bound to JNK1. Our design efforts led to the identification of indazole-based lead 6 with an Mps1 IC50 value of 498 nM. Optimization of the 3- and 6-positions on the indazole core of 6 resulted in 23c with improved Mps1 activity (IC50 = 3.06 nM). Finally, application of structure-based design using the X-ray structure of 23d bound to Mps1 culminated in the discovery of 32a and 32b with improved potency for cellular Mps1 and A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, 32a and 32b exhibited reasonable selectivities over 120 and 166 kinases, respectively.

In recent times, the wireless power transfer (WPT) technology is attracting attention because of the expanding use of portable devices. In particular, extensive studies on the WPT technology using magnetic resonance are being conducted because this technology offers various advantages such as the achievement of a transmission efficiency of 90% or more from a distance of 1 m, as compared with traditional electromagnetic induction systems. However, studies on thin coils, as well as those on the improvement of the coupling coefficient, have hitherto been inadequate. Consequently, we have formed a spiral pattern on a printed circuit board and devised spiral patterns to improve the coupling coefficient, which was calculated by carrying out an electromagnetic field analysis. As a result, we found that the coupling coefficient improved by adjusting the inner radius and pitch of the spiral coil and by designing the geometry of the spiral coil.

This paper describes a method for detecting the position of a capsule endoscope by using small, flat arrayed coils and discusses the improvement of this position detection and the energy transmission efficiency. The position of the capsule endoscope was detectable by measuring the terminal voltage variation in each small, flat coil connected in parallel. The coil that is utilized as an arrayed connection should have no crevice. Such coils can broaden the domain of high energy transmission efficiency.

Background Balance training is a common component of rehabilitation after ankle sprains. A relatively high activity of the peroneus longus (PL) to the activity of the tibialis anterior (TA) (a low TA/PL ratio) is reported as an effective muscle activity pattern during balance training to prevent inversion ankle sprains. To date, no research has investigated ankle muscle activity during tilting movements on a wobble board. Objective To assess the magnitude of muscle activity of the ankle while inversion and eversion movements of the ankle joint are performed on a wobble board. Design Single-session randomized repeated-measures study design. Setting University laboratory. Participants Seventeen young adults (11 females and 6 males) with no history of ankle injury. Interventions Participants performed tilting movements on a wobble board in a medial and lateral direction while balancing on their non-dominant leg. The frequency of the movement was set at 40 bpm. Muscle activity of the TA and the PL during five cycles of inversion-eversion movements were collected and stored for analysis. Main Outcome Measurements Normalized RMS EMG values (percentage of each participant9s maximum voluntary isometric contraction; %MVIC) of the TA and PL, along with TA/PL ration in the inversion (wobble board tilted in the lateral direction) and eversion (wobble board tilted in the medial direction) phase. Results There was a significant difference in muscle activity of the PL (inversion phase; 41.6±15.3%MVIC, eversion phase; 59.2±21.5% MVIC, p 0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that tilting movements on a wobble board in the medial direction (eversion of the ankle joint) may be favorable as an exercise modality after inversion ankle sprains as a high PL activity and a low TA/PL ratio was acquired.

To improve the efficacy of the conformationally restricted BACE1 inhibitors, structural modifications were investigated using two strategies: (a) modification of the terminal aromatic ring and (b) insertion of a spacer between the aromatic rings. In the latter approach, another type of inhibitor 17 bearing an ethylene spacer between two aromatic rings was found to exhibit good BACE1 inhibitory activity, while the corresponding conformationally unrestricted compound 25 showed no activity. This result revealed an interesting effect of a conformational restriction with a cyclopropane ring.

A transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) system can noninvasively transmit driving energy to a totally implantable artificial heart. However, only a few TET systems are being used worldwide because most TET systems are unable to transmit monitoring information for controlling an artificial heart. Therefore, we require unified systems that can transmit driving energy and communicate between the inside and the outside of the body. This work investigates information transmission from the inside to the outside of the human body using transcutaneous transformer for energy transmission. By opening or shorting the internal coil of the transformer, the input impedance looking the impedance of the internal circuit through the external coil of the transformer could be changed. This change was represented as (0, 1). Because this technique does not require a modulation circuit to be placed inside the body, the internal circuit remains simple and small. Therefore, it consumes very little power. Our investigations prove the usefulness of this technique.

The 26 kDa TBP (TATA-binding protein) interacting protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1 (Tk-TIP26) is a possible transcriptional regulatory protein in Thermococcales. Here, the crystallization of both the native and selenomethionine-substituted proteins and data collection are described. The native crystals belong to the tetragonal space group P4(1)2(1)2 or P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = 73.83, c = 86.41 A, and diffract to 2.2 A using synchrotron radiation. MAD data was collected and a Bijvoet difference Patterson map showed strong peaks sufficient to determine the positions of the Se atoms.

Improvement of a drug’s binding activity using the conformational restriction approach with sp3 hybridized carbon is becoming a key strategy in drug discovery. We applied this approach to BACE1 inhibitors and designed four stereoisomeric cyclopropane compounds in which the ethylene linker of a known amidine-type inhibitor 2 was replaced with chiral cyclopropane rings. The synthesis and biologic evaluation of these compounds revealed that the cis-(1S,2R) isomer 6 exhibited the most potent BACE1 inhibitory activity among them. X-ray structure analysis of the complex of 6 and BACE1 revealed that its unique binding mode is due to the apparent CH−π interaction between the rigid cyclopropane ring and the Tyr71 side chain. A derivatization study using 6 as a lead molecule led to the development of highly potent inhibitors in which the structure–activity relationship as well as the binding mode of the compounds clearly differ from those of known amidine-type inhibitors.

The history of electric vehicle is very long. Many kind of electric vehicles were developed and used practically. In Japan, from 1971 to 1976 so called big project for EV sponsored by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry developed epoch-making EVs for that age. However, former electric motor vehicles were not comparable with gasoline-driven vehicles as regards performance and cost, and infrastructure like battery chargers were not provided. These are the reason why electric vehicles never came into widespread use. Recently in the world, many projects are developing electric vehicles because environment on earth are recognized as the most important problem.In order to change the conventional image of electric vehicles, we have, in accordance with new concepts, undertaken the development of a high-performance electric motor vehicle. It was named as the IZA. The performance of IZA are as follows, maximum speed is 176km/h, range per one charge is 548km for a constant speed of 40km/h, and the acceleration from 0 to 400m is 18 second. It's performance and characteristics are comparable with those of gasoline-driven vehicles. Characteristics of this vehicle are:(1) Four (4) motors are employed, and they drive wheels directly without mechanical gear.(2) Motors are synchronous motors with permanent magnets which are made by samariumcobalt. The motors are placed inside of wheels.(3) Controlled current inverters are employed for each motors.(4) Type of batteries are nickel cadmium, they are divided to two parts and placed in front and rear of the vehicle respectively.This paper presents the drive system of the electric vehicle.

In order to realize an artificial heart that enables high quality of life (QOL) for patients, it is necessary to develop a transcutaneous energy and information transmission system that can transmit driving energy and control information to the implanted heart in a non-invasive manner. In this study, we investigate the use of electromagnetic coupling for unifying the transformers used for the simultaneous transmission of energy and information. We studied the transmission of energy and information by wearing a unified transcutaneous transformer. In this system, it is important to minimize the electromagnetic coupling between the energy and information transmissions. Therefore, we ensured that the magnetic fluxes generated by the transformer coils used for the energy and information transmissions were orthogonal. We developed a silicone-coated unified transcutaneous transformer for energy and information transmission that could be used practically, and we evaluated its transmission characteristics.

EMC (Electro-magnetic Compatibility) of medical devices is often evaluated using human phantoms whose electrical characteristics are simulated. In order to improve the reliability of EMC evaluations, it is important to measure the electrical characteristics of human phantoms and animals. However, because cellular tissues affect their electrical characteristics in the part of frequency band, had been dead for some hours change their electrical characteristics. Therefore, it is important to measure these characteristics as soon as possible.

The oxidation of thiol groups in proteins is a common event in biochemical processes involving disulfide bond formation and in response to an increased level of reactive oxygen species. It has been widely accepted that the oxidation of a cysteine side chain is initiated by the formation of cysteine sulfenic acid (Cys-SOH). Here, we demonstrate a mechanism of thiol oxidation through a hypervalent sulfur intermediate by presenting crystallographic evidence from an archaeal peroxiredoxin (Prx), the thioredoxin peroxidase from Aeropyrum pernix K1 (ApTPx). The reaction of Prx, which is the reduction of a peroxide, depends on the redox active cysteine side chains. Oxidation by hydrogen peroxide converted the active site peroxidatic Cys-50 of ApTPx to a cysteine sulfenic acid derivative, followed by further oxidation to cysteine sulfinic and sulfonic acids. The crystal structure of the cysteine sulfenic acid derivative was refined to 1.77 Å resolution with R cryst and R free values of 18.8% and 22.0%, respectively. The refined structure, together with quantum chemical calculations, revealed that the sulfenic acid derivative is a type of sulfurane, a hypervalent sulfur compound, and that the S γ atom is covalently linked to the N δ1 atom of the neighboring His-42. The reaction mechanism is revealed by the hydrogen bond network around the peroxidatic cysteine and the motion of the flexible loop covering the active site and by quantum chemical calculations. This study provides evidence that a hypervalent sulfur compound occupies an important position in biochemical processes.

When patients are fitted with a totally implantable artificial heart (TAH), they need to be implanted with two additional devices: one for the transmission of energy and one for information. However, this is a cumbersome process that affects the quality of life of the recipient. Therefore, we investigated the use of electromagnetic coupling for the transmission of energy and information and the possibility of unifying two transcutaneous transformers for the simultaneous transmission of energy and information. While unifying the transformers, it is important to suppress the electromagnetic coupling between energy and information transmission. Therefore, we ensured that the electromagnetic fields generated from the transformer windings for the transmissions of information and energy intersected perpendicularly. If the fields are perpendicular, the electromagnetic coupling between the energy and information transmissions will be suppressed significantly. The characteristics of the simultaneous transmission of information and energy using the unified transcutaneous transformer, developed experimentally, were evaluated by changing the number of windings used for the transmission of information. The electromagnetic coupling between the energy and information transmissions was suppressed by determining the direction of the magnetic field. Moreover, the optimum number of transformer windings required for the simultaneous transmission of energy and information was determined. We concluded that the externally coupled transcutaneous transformer unified for the simultaneous transmission of energy and information performed with good transmission characteristics.

Transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) that uses electromagnetic induction between the external and internal coils of a transformer is the most promising method to supply driving energy to a totally implantable artificial heart without invasion. Induction-heating (IH) cookers generate magnetic flux, and if a cooker is operated near a transcutaneous transformer, the magnetic flux generated will link with the external and internal coils of the transcutaneous transformer. This will affect the performance of the TET and the artificial heart system. Hence, it is necessary to improve the magnetic field immunity of the TET system. During operation of the system, if the transcutaneous transformer is in close proximity to an IH cooker, the electric power generated by the cooker and coupled to the transformer can drive the artificial heart system. To prevent this coupling, the external coil was shielded with a conductive shield that had a slit in it. This reduces the coupling between the transformer and the magnetic field generated by the induction cooker. However, the temperature of the shield increased due to heating by eddy currents. The temperature of the shield can be reduced by separating the IH cooker and the shield.

We have been developing the externally-coupled transcutaneous energy transmission system (ECTETS) for a totally-implantable artificial heart (TIAH). The transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) system enables the TIAH to supply the driving energy without infectious disease and reduction of patient’s QOL (quality of life). Since the TET system uses the electromagnetic induction between the external (primary) and the internal (secondary) coils, it is necessary for the TET system to be compatible electromagnetically. In the practical use of artificial heart, such as a patient going out, the artificial heart is driven by the energy from the portable rechargeable battery outside of the body. In this paper, the drive performance and the electromagnetic compatibility of the TET system were investigated in case of using the external rechargeable battery. As a result, the ECTETS, driven by the external rechargeable battery consisting of the Lithium ion battery pack with a weight of 430 g, was able to drive the TIAH actuator for 4 hours and 9 minutes. The radiated emission from the ECTETS was suppressed within the regulation of class-B and group-1 in CISPR (international special committee on radio interference) Pub.11, and the ECTETS satisfied the electrostatic discharge immunity test based on IEC61000-4-2 (International Electrotechnical Commission), the radiation immunity test based on IEC61000-4-3, and the power supply frequency magnetic field immunity test based on IEC61000-4-8. Therefore, it was concluded that the ECTETS investigated had satisfactory characteristics in the drive performance and the electromagnetic compatibility.

Proteinsplicingisa posttranslational process involving precise excision of anintervening protein domain, termed an intein. An inteinoften exhibits site-specific endonuclease activity, whichrecognizes and cleaves the DNA sequence lacking itscoding DNA sequence. The recognition sequences areusually asymmetrical and 12- to 40-bp long.

TATA-binding protein (TBP)-interacting protein from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis strain KOD1 (Tk-TIP26) is a possible transcription regulatory protein in Thermococcales. Here, we report the crystal structure of Tk-TIP26 determined at 2.3 A resolution with multiple-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method. The overall structure of Tk-TIP26 consists of two domains. The N-terminal domain forms an alpha/beta structure, in which three alpha-helices enclose the central beta-sheet. The topology of this domain is similar to that of holliday junction resolvase Hjc from Pyrococcus furiosus. The C-terminal domain comprises three alpha-helices, six beta-strands, and two 3(10)-helices. In the dimer structure of Tk-TIP26, two molecules are related with the crystallographic twofold axis, and these molecules rigidly interact with each other via hydrogen bonds. The complex of Tk-TIP26/Tk-TBP is isolated and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration column chromatography, resulting in a stoichiometric ratio of the interaction between Tk-TIP26 and Tk-TBP of 4:2, i.e., two dimer molecules of Tk-TIP26 formed a complex with one dimeric TBP. The electrostatic surfaces of Tk-TIP26 and TBP from Pyrocuccus woesei (PwTBP) allowed us to build a model of the Tk-TIP26/TBP complex, and to propose the inhibition mechanism where two dimer molecules of Tk-TIP26 bind to a dimeric TBP, preventing its binding to TATA-DNA.

The effect of single and chronic methamphetamine (MAP) administration on ischemia-induced hyperactivity was investigated and the mechanism of ischemia-induced hyperactivity was discussed. Ischemia-induced hyperactivity was recognized 3 h after ischemia. However, ischemia-induced hyperactivity at 1 day after ischemia was inhibited when MAP, in a dose of 10 mg/kg, was administered for 7 days and withdrawn for 7 days. It was reported that MAP treatment caused an irreversible decrease in the number of dopamine (DA) uptake sites. In addition to this, monoamine oxidase and the uptake of DA into the nerve terminals are disturbed by cerebral ischemia. Therefore, a lot of DA release happened during and immediately after ischemia, and a marked down-regulation of DA receptor occurred 24 h after ischemia in MAP-injected group. It is conceivable that the DA receptor, especially the presynaptic DA uptake site, is related to the occurrence of ischemia-induced hyperactivity. Further studies appear to be necessary to clarify acceptor susceptibility when neurotransmitters are normalized after transient ischemia.

In Totally-Implantable Artificial Heart(TAH) system, Transcutaneous Optical Information Transmission System(TOITS) and Externally Coupled Transcutaneous Energy Transmission System(ECTETS) are effective for driving, controlling and monitoring the TAH. Using these systems, a patient needs to wear an optical coupler and a transcutaneous transformer separately, and then the patient's QOL (Quality of Life) will be deteriorated. In this paper, for improving the QOL, the energy and information transmission using an unified transcutaneous transformer was investigated, and their information transmission characteristics were evaluated.

Medical devices have been obliged to satisfy electromagnetic compatibility by revision of the pharmaceutical affairs law. However, even if the medical devices satisfy the electromagnetic compatibility based on the law, it is not necessarily safe. Sometimes, malfunctions of cardiac pacemaker are caused by the magnetic field leaked from an induction heating cooker. In this paper, a new method of electromagnetic susceptability (EMS) evaluation is proposed, and a loop coil for the magnetic field immunity test in the frequency range from 10kHz to 3MHz is designed and developed. As a result, the loop coil made on an experimental basis generated uniform magnetic field with a fluctuation within 3.3dB in the loop coil pane and 5.6dB along the coil axis.