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1,320 results on '"TRACKS"'

51. Concentrations in School Psychology: Can Specialization Empower the Evolution of the Profession?

Author: Starling, Natalie R., Elias, Eric M., and Coleman, Mykelle S.
Subjects: SCHOOL psychology, SCHOOL psychologists, EXPERTISE, SERVICE learning, MENTAL health
Abstract: How can school psychologists effectively address and respond to the myriad needs of students in our nation's schools? As these needs are ever-growing and diversifying, should the profession of school psychology consider mirroring this diversification through the promotion of specialized skill sets? Such efforts would echo the development of related disciplines of education, medicine, and psychology, disciplines that have long recognized the need for the division of skills and services in specified areas to meet the developing needs of their profession. We present and discuss questions related to specializations in school psychology under a broad subject of the potential for additional concentrated skill-based training to better impact service delivery and student outcomes. In exploring these questions, consideration is given to the ever-increasing needs of the schools coupled with the goal of school psychology: to empower school psychologists to promote the learning, behavior, and mental health of all children and youth. With very preliminary data in mind, the following areas are presented, with no particular order or emphasis, as potential topics and areas from which to build communities of discussion and exploration: bilingual–multilingual, behavior analytic, autism, and counseling, with introduction to other areas such as research, preschool/early childhood, neuropsychology, and leadership. Implications and recommendations for future directions are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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52. The Ruditayoj-Tunasniyoj fossil area (Chuquisaca, Bolivia): a Triassic chirotheriid megatracksite and reinterpretation of purported thyreophoran tracks.

Author: Apesteguía, Sebastián, Riguetti, Facundo, Citton, Paolo, Veiga, Gonzalo D., Poiré, Daniel G., de Valais, Silvina, and Gabriel Zacarías, Gerardo
Subjects: *FOSSILS, *PONDS, *NEIGHBORS, *PROVINCES
Abstract: The South American tetrapod track record is highly diverse and well known mainly from Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. To date, many tracksites are known from Bolivia, most studied during the past century. From the Jurassic-Cretaceous La Puerta Formation of the Tunasniyoj locality (Incapampa-Icla syncline) thyreophoran trackways have previously been described. New geological studies related with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in Bolivia recognised the track-bearing unit as the Ipaguazú Formation, dated as Late Triassic in age. In this significantly new context, we present here a new track-bearing locality: Ruditayoj, neighbour to Tunasniyoj, near Icla, Chuquisaca, Bolivia. A detailed study of the trackways from this new site allowed new interpretations consistent with the geological context. Hundreds of Brachychirotherium trackways are present at the site with a wide diversity of preservational types. Behavioural issues such as gregariousness and grouping around ponds are suggested. Trackway parameters, track size and shape support large 'rauisuchid' or aetosaur pseudosuchian producers. Previous assignations to thyreophoran producers are discussed. This is the first record of Brachychirotherium from Bolivia, filling the lack of information about suchian fossils, well known in other South American sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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53. The largest theropod track site in Yunnan, China: a footprint assemblage from the Lower Jurassic Fengjiahe Formation.

Author: Hongqing Li, de Fabrègues, Claire Peyre, Shundong Bi, Yi Wang, and Xing Xu
Subjects: SAURISCHIA, DINOSAURS, FOSSILS, TRACE fossils, BODY size, WATER supply, FOSSIL collection, PREDATORY animals
Abstract: Yunnan Province is famous for its diversified Lufeng vertebrate faunas containing many saurischian dinosaur remains. In addition to the body fossil record, dinosaur ichnofossils have also been discovered in Yunnan, and the number of published track sites is on the rise. We report a theropod assemblage from the Lower Jurassic Fengjiahe Formation in Xiyang, central Yunnan. It is the third report and description of dinosaur footprints from the Fengjiahe Formation, and this new track site is the largest in number of footprints for theropods in Yunnan. Over one hundred footprints are preserved on different layers of a claystone-dominated succession close to the Lower-Middle Jurassic boundary. The track area is referred to as a lacustrine shallow-water paleoenvironment. Tracks vary in size, morphology, and preservation. All are tridactyl and digitigrade, and some are identified as undertracks. The best preserved footprints were divided into three morphotypes: morphotype A (>8 cm <21 cm) resembling Grallator; morphotype B (>27 cm <30 cm) identified as Kayentapus xiaohebaensis; and morphotype C, an isolated footprint (39 cm) referred to the ichnogenus Kayentapus. Although footprint shape is influenced by many factors, biotic or abiotic, morphological differences among tracks such as size, divarication angles and proportions imply that at least three different kinds of theropods were visiting this site frequently. Theropod body fossils found in the surrounding area, such as Sinosaurus, turn out to be similar in body size to the projected size estimated from footprint lengths at the track site. In Yunnan, discoveries of theropod body fossils are rare. In that respect, the track record is a useful diversity indicator which can help to encompass theropod diversity patterns. Broadly speaking, large predators (five meters long or more) were uncommon in Early Jurassic ecosystems. Accordingly, large tracks are scarce on the track site, but not absent. Trackmakers of all sizes presumably coexisted in this tropical Jurassic ecosystem, and were regularly drawn to the track site in search of water or food resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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54. Late Triassic Nonmarine Vertebrate and Invertebrate Trace Fossils and the Pattern of the Phanerozoic Record of Vertebrate Trace Fossils

Author: Hunt, Adrian P., Lucas, Spencer G., Klein, Hendrik, Landman, Neil, Series editor, Harries, Peter J., Series editor, and Tanner, Lawrence H., editor
Published: 2018
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55. The Future of Academic Promotion for Clinicians

Author: Walling, Anne and Walling, Anne
Published: 2018
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56. First dinosaur tracks from the Açu Formation, Potiguar Basin (mid-Cretaceous of Brazil)

Author: GIUSEPPE LEONARDI, MARIA DE FÁTIMA C.F. DOS SANTOS, and FERNANDO HENRIQUE DE S. BARBOSA
Subjects: tracks, dinosaur, Açu Formation, Potiguar Basin, mid-Cretaceous, Science
Abstract: Abstract We record a new ichnosite bearing dinosaur tracks from the mid-Cretaceous (Aptian? -Cenomanian) of Brazil. The Fazenda dos Pingos ichnosite is situated within a sandstone pavement of the Açu Formation (Açu 3 unit) from the Potiguar Basin in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a small ichnofauna, with only a few individual isolated tracks. One specimen is unequivocally attributed to a large sauropod and another to an ornithopod. Two other specimens represent poorly preserved tracks assigned to sauropods. This is the first record of dinosaur tracks from the Potiguar Basin and from the Rio Grande do Norte State.
Published: 2021
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57. Dynamics of development of erosion processes on skid roads – skid trails of different longitudinal inclination.

Author: Bajrić, Muhamed, Sokolović, Dževada, Hodžić, Adnan, Knežević, Jelena, and Musić, Jusuf
Subjects: EROSION, SEDIMENT transport, INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics), FOREST roads, BICYCLE trails, FOREST management, ROAD construction, TRAILS
Abstract: Skid roads form the secondary network of forest transport infrastructure. These are temporary facilities whose primary role is to attract forest wood assortments with the help of tractors or animals to the truck road. Erosion of forest roads and skid roads/trails is one of the most significant problems in forest management, due to its ability to cause adverse effects on the environment. Sediment transported to streams from forest roads and skid roads/trails lead to negative consequences for water quality and aquatic life. During the construction of skid roads/trails, no track construction is made, as well as drainage facilities, and they also have relatively large longitudinal slopes, which creates preconditions for the occurrence of erosion processes caused by surface runoff. In all cases, erosion processes of different intensities were registered at the investigated localities, where the amount of material removed ranged from 1.278 m³, or 0.0116 m³/m to 5.313 m³, or 0.0483 m³ /m. Also, the investigated correlation relationship for the linear model between the volume of the removed material and the length of the skid roads of different slopes ranged from r = 0.29 (weak correlation) to r = 0.79 (very strong correlation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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58. Changes in bat activity over 10 years in silviculturally treated wet sclerophyll forest.

Author: Law, B., Chidel, M., Brassil, M. T., and Potter, T.
Subjects: BATS, FOREST productivity, SPECIES diversity
Abstract: A range of silvicultural treatments are applied to timber production forests, resulting in varied vegetation structural complexity. We compared the bat assemblage across three silvicultural treatments (unlogged forest, unthinned regrowth and thinned regrowth), two locations (on and off track) and three time periods (pre-thin, plus one and six years post-thinning) in wet sclerophyll forests, with treatments implemented at a small catchment scale. Linear edges provided important habitat for bats as total bat activity was substantially greater on tracks than off tracks, especially in unlogged and unthinned regrowth forest. Bat activity off track was greater in unlogged areas than in thinned and unthinned regrowth. Activity and species richness off track were greater in thinned than unthinned regrowth, but the time by treatment interaction was not significant for activity, indicating this difference cannot be ascribed to thinning alone. Thinning also led to a species composition that more closely resembled unlogged forest than unthinned regrowth. These patterns in bat activity across silvicultural treatments in wet sclerophyll forests were broadly consistent with other forest types, but subtleties, such as a subdued response to thinning, requires more replication to resolve. Nevertheless, differences between forest types need to be considered when developing management strategies. Bat assemblages were compared across different silvicultural treatments and times in wet sclerophyll forests. Bat activity was substantially greater on tracks than off tracks, especially in unlogged and unthinned regrowth forest. Activity off track was greater in unlogged areas than in thinned and unthinned regrowth. Thinning altered species composition to more closely resemble unlogged forest than unthinned regrowth, but differences in total activity were unclear. These patterns are broadly consistent with other forest types, though subtle differences were revealed. Photograph of southern forest bat, Vespadelus regulus , by B. Law [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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59. Tracked Locomotion Systems for Ground Mobile Robots: A Review

Author: Luca Bruzzone, Shahab Edin Nodehi, and Pietro Fanghella
Subjects: mobile robot, tracked locomotion, tracks, crawlers, classification, Mechanical engineering and machinery, TJ1-1570
Abstract: The paper discusses the state-of-the-art of locomotion systems for ground mobile robots comprising tracks. Tracked locomotion, due to the large contact surface with the ground, is particularly suitable for tackling soft, yielding, and irregular terrains, but is characterized by lower speed and energy efficiency than wheeled locomotion, and lower obstacle-climbing capability than legged locomotion. Therefore, in recent years academic and industrial researchers have designed a wide variety of hybrid solutions, combining tracks with legs and wheels. The paper proposes three possible parallel taxonomies, based on body architecture, track profile, and track type, to help designers select the most suitable architecture on the basis of the operative necessities. Moreover, modeling, simulation, and design methodologies for tracked ground mobile robots are recalled.
Published: 2022
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60. Development of innovative approaches for life extension of railway track systems

Author: Counter, Brian John, Tann, David, and Franklin, Andy
Subjects: 625.1, railways, civil engineering, tracks
Abstract: This is a PhD Thesis by portfolio and is the output of research, development and the practical application of processes for railway track asset management in the UK between 2004 and 2013 and the subsequent development of innovative solutions. There are two major sections to the portfolio; firstly the background, literature review and development phases; and secondly two specific projects. The projects consisted of major works on the UK West Coast Main Line and targeted schemes involving Eurostar and Humberside. The author is a chartered civil engineer and has spent the whole of his career (32 years) in railway civil engineering mainly in design, maintenance and management and culminating in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching. Railway Infrastructure Life Extension is a specialist area that has not been studied before in this depth and was initially related to specific problem solving. However, it is now clearly accepted that UK railway privatisation was a success and after passenger journeys increased by 80% in the period 1996 to 2012, there was substantial strain upon the infrastructure. This portfolio is informed by and considers the current and future challenges faced by railways from a safety, performance and efficiency angle. The study is supported as strategically important work being entirely appropriate and relevant to the industry by the two sponsors, Dr Ilias Oraifige, Senior Academic and Reader at the University of Derby and Ken Mee, Managing Director of Quality and Safety Services Ltd. The term “life extension” was uniquely created and applied to railway infrastructure by the author and his teams during the early phases of this project and became the industry standard phrase for the work involved. The historical background and literature review of the research is included to enable the reader to understand the context of the work undertaken previously where the author acted as the major driver behind the work under industrial conditions commencing in 1997. The author has had a direct involvement in the practical application of the techniques and processes through various senior positions in the UK Rail Industry. The work resulted in testing of equipment in live locations including quantifiable risk assessments and actual benefits to safety, economics and performance. The author held a number of key roles relevant to the study. From 1995 – 2000 he was Regional Director of Balfour Beatty Rail Maintenance and set up the Central Maintenance Group at Sandiacre, Nottinghamshire. This was a team of engineers, supervisors and staff employed to carry out heavy maintenance principally on the Erewash Valley line. From 2000 – 2003 he was Engineering Adviser to the Rail Regulator where he was appointed as the government representative on the Hatfield Recovery Board and sat on various working committees including the Wheel Rail Interface System Authority (WRISA). This was a significant contribution to the recovery of the UK rail system to normal working following the Hatfield Accident. A key contribution during this time was the understanding of the impact of track quality upon asset deterioration. From 2004 – 2007, the author, in his role as General Manager of Carillion Rail Ancillary Projects, was commissioned to set up an organisation to develop and provide innovative and original solutions for life extension and refurbishment of railway track systems in the UK. The principle objective was to build upon previous work done during the final years of the UK contracted-out railway infrastructure maintenance term contracts. The innovations chosen for development were related to delivering economic access to facilitate heavy maintenance and the development of new techniques to extend track life. A number of projects and case studies and their specific solutions are identified and reviewed. Of particular strategic importance is the use of the “Railvac” Swedish ballast removal machine developed in the UK between 2004 and 2012. The culmination of the work is the incorporation of the principles and ideas into the UK National Policy under the ongoing strategy approved by the Office of Rail Regulation for 2014-2019. The author has published a number of papers in support of the thesis which have been presented at conferences in London and Spain.
Published: 2013

61. Biostratinomy of dune tracks in sub-0 °C temperature.

Author: Sadlok, Grzegorz
Subjects: *BIOLUMINESCENCE, *FOSSILS, *TEMPERATURE, *SAND dunes, *SAND
Abstract: Trackways left in dune sand spark intrigue with their ephemeral nature. Small animals (arthropods and vertebrates) leave their footprints in eolian sands but such tracks do not last long. Wind and avalanching may re-mobilize sand grains and obliterate their footprints, ultimately preventing them from entering fossil record. Some of these fleeting tracks are lucky enough to survive at the parting surfaces between sedimentary layers. This paper highlights the possible role that sub-0 °C temperatures play in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks. Water combined with sub-0 °C temperatures may create short-lasting ice cementation within the very top of an active sand layer—mm-scale crust. The temporal cement stabilizes the surface, inhibits the re-mobilization of sand particles and hinders the obliteration of footprints. Such crust may provide a brief time window of enhanced preservation potential, protecting tracks until incoming sand buries them. On the contrary, if the ice-cement crust forms before the passage of a small and light trackmaker, no tracks are formed at all. This is because the crust is impenetrable to the tiny feet of light animals. Therefore, sub-0 °C temperatures apparently may play both, positive and negative roles in the biostratinomy of eolian tracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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62. Large mammal tracks in 1.8-million-year-old volcanic ash (Tuff IF, Bed I) at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania.

Author: Plint, Tessa and Magill, Clayton R.
Subjects: *VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc., *FOSSIL animals, *ANIMAL tracks, *TRACE fossils, *GORGES, *HOMINIDS, *VOLCANIC eruptions
Abstract: Large animal tracks, unequivocally attributable to terrestrial mammals, are reported for the first time in sediment from uppermost Bed I (Tuff IF; ∼1.803 million years ago) at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. One track in particular (attributed to the ichnogenus Pecoripeda) retains an exceptional level of detail, demonstrating the excellent trackway-preserving potential of the volcanic ash fall (tuff) layers at this important hominin archaeological locality. Olduvai Gorge is renowned for its abundant Plio-Pleistocene (zoo)archaeological discoveries and fossiliferous deposits vis-à-vis studies of human evolution. Fossil trackways, and trace fossils more widely, provide an important additional tool for characterizing ancient ecosystems, which remain underexplored at Olduvai. Considered together with fossil hominin remains, information derived from coeval fossil animal tracks provides additional insight into our ancestors' behaviour and their interactions with the surrounding palaeoenvironment. A range of large herbivore tracks indicates the availability of nearby resources (i.e., freshwater, vegetation preferred by grazers/browsers). These newly-discovered tracks are of archaeological and palaeontological significance because they highlight the potential for future discovery of animal or hominin tracks and trackways preserved in tuff at Olduvai and in other archaeological localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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63. Western North Pacific tropical cyclone track forecasts by a machine learning model.

Author: Tan, Jinkai, Chen, Sheng, and Wang, Jun
Subjects: *CYCLONE forecasting, *CYCLONE tracking, *MACHINE learning, *TROPICAL cyclones, *WEATHER, *DECISION trees
Abstract: An ensemble machine learning model for tropical cyclone (TC) track forecasts over the Western North Pacific was developed and evaluated in this study. First, we investigated predictors including TC climatology and persistence factors which were extracted from TC best-track dataset and storm's surrounding atmospheric conditions which were extracted from ERA-Interim reanalysis. Then, we built a Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT) nonlinear model for TC track forecasts, in which 30-year data was used. Finally, using tenfold cross-validation method, the GBDT model was compared with a frequently used technique: climatology and persistence (CLIPER) model. The experimental results show that the GBDT model performs well in three forecast times (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h) with relatively small forecast error of 138, 264, and 363.5 km, respectively. The model obtains excellent TC moving direction aspects. However, the model is still insufficient to produce aspects of storm acceleration and deceleration, with mean moving velocity sensitivities all less than 60%. Nevertheless, the model obtains much more robust and accurate TC tracks relative to CLIPER model, where the forecast skills are 17.5%, 26.3%, and 32.1% at three forecast times, respectively. The presented study demonstrates that the GBDT model could provide reliable evidence and guidance for operational TC track forecasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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64. New records of mammals of the Coffee Region, Central Andes of Colombia using citizen science.

Author: Terán-Sánchez, Sofía, Díaz-Arango, Alejandra, Fabio Arias-Monsalve, Héctor, and Ramírez-Chaves, Héctor E.
Subjects: CITIZEN science, PARK rangers, NATURAL history museums, ADULT education workshops, MAMMALS, COFFEE
Abstract: The Coffee Region of Colombia is one of the most representative areas of the country due to its cultural appeal. 200 of the 528 mammal species in the country occur in this region. Pre-existing knowledge about the group in this region has been obtained through indirect and direct sampling methods. We present new records of mammals of the "Reserva Forestal Protectora Bosques de la Central Hidroeléctrica de Caldas (CHEC)", located in the Coffee Region, based on vouchered citizen science records. To accomplish this, we held training workshops on the relevance of information provided by non-invasive vouchers for mammal collections that include bone remains, hairs, skin and other signs that can be found incidentally in the field by park rangers and other staff of the Reserve. In addition, we included photographic and video records of mammals taken by park rangers before and after the training workshops. We added vouchers obtained by the park rangers to the biological collection of the Natural History Museum of the Universidad de Caldas (MHN-UCa). Using this method, we obtained records of 34 mammalian species belonging to 20 families and 11 orders. We highlight the obtention of museum preserved vouchers of the Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo, Cabassous centralis (Miller 1899), and the Cauca Slender Opossum, Marmosops caucae (Thomas 1900), that had limited samples in national collections or had not been previously collected in the study area. With this work, a contribution network with the CHEC reserve staff was established, promoting the inclusion of these agents in the development of scientific research, and showing the relevance of collaborative science in assisting with filling information gaps about medium and large mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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65. Exploring Residents' Experience of Career Development Scholarship Tracks: A Qualitative Case Study Using Social Cognitive Career Theory.

Author: Young, John Q., Sugarman, Rebekah, Schwartz, Jessica, Thakker, Krima, and O'Sullivan, Patricia S.
Subjects: *ACADEMIC medical centers, *AUTHORSHIP, *HOSPITAL medical staff, *INTERVIEWING, *SCHOLARLY method, *RESEARCH methodology, *OCCUPATIONAL achievement, *MENTORING, *PSYCHIATRY, *PUBLISHING, *RESPONSIBILITY, *SELF-efficacy, *VOCATIONAL guidance, *QUALITATIVE research, *AFFINITY groups, *LABELING theory, *PROFESSIONAL identity, *SOCIAL support, *EVALUATION of human services programs, *PSYCHOTHERAPIST attitudes
Abstract: Problem: Trainees enter graduate medical education with professional aspirations that often extend beyond the role of clinician to roles such as educator, innovator, leader, advocate, or researcher. Many residency programs have implemented academic tracks to support career development in these areas. With the exception of research tracks, these tracks generally do not include significant longitudinal protected time and often rely upon 'extra-curricular' effort and possess insufficient structure, mentorship, and accountability. Most prior studies of non-research scholarship tracks have not been theory driven and do not explore in depth the experience of residents who participate. Approach: To address this gap in the literature, we conducted a qualitative case study informed by Social Cognitive Career Theory to explore the professional identity development of residents who participated in a non-research scholarship track that incorporates recommended best practices. The track, Pathways to Expertise Program, incorporates features of successful research tracks: protected time, longitudinal experience, mentorship, platforms for recognition, and accountability. Participants from the first three cohorts were interviewed at the time of their graduation (2017–2019). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and independently coded. Social Cognitive Career Theory informed the organization of codes into themes. Context: The Pathways to Expertise Program was implemented in a psychiatry residency training program in a large urban academic teaching hospital. Impact: Fifteen residents entered Pathways to Expertise Program during the study period and all 15 participated in the study. Fourteen completed the program and presented their projects at the department grand rounds. For dissemination, 12 presented their project findings at one or more national meetings in the form of a poster (20 distributed across 11 residents), workshop (six distributed across four residents), or presentation (two across two residents). Six residents accounted for a total of seven first author publications in peer reviewed journals. All participants described how their self-efficacy increased as a result of new skills (e.g., content, methodology, and scientific communication), mentorship (e.g., content and process guidance), peer and broader support (e.g., small group supervision), persuasive communications (e.g., recognition both locally and nationally), and positive emotional reactions (e.g., triumph). The residents also described expecting compelling benefits (e.g., stronger application for fellowship and expanded career opportunities). Participants indicated that the experience influenced their career goals and how they perceived their professional identities. Lessons Learned: These findings suggest that a longitudinal academic track that incorporates features of successful research tracks (protected time, mentorship, peer support, and accountability for deliverables) can be instrumental in forming and maturing professional identities for non-clinical roles. These tracks can accomplish several important goals, including enhancing resilience via identity formation around passion and purpose and meeting society's need for physicians who are engaged in inquiry and innovation. Implications for the design of academic tracks in general are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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66. Tracking the last elephants in Europe during the Würm Pleniglacial: the importance of the Late Pleistocene aeolianite record in SW Iberia.

Author: de Carvalho, Carlos Neto, Figueiredo, Silvério, Muniz, Fernando, Belo, João, Cunha, Pedro P., Baucon, Andrea, Cáceres, Luis M., and Rodriguez-Vidal, Joaquín
Subjects: *FOSSIL vertebrates, *ELEPHANTS, *BIOLOGICAL extinction, *JOINT ventures, *NEANDERTHALS, *TRACE fossils
Abstract: In his short joint ventures across the world of vertebrate tracks, Richard Bromley recognized the aeolian sands as unsuitable soft substrates for their preservation. Only after his work in the Balearic Islands, a more systematic study of coastal aeolianites worldwide revealed that these depositional systems could preserve a highly important record of behavioural trace fossils for the evolution of vertebrates, especially in the Pleistocene, including extinct megafauna and the escalation of the Homo. Here we describe coastal aeolianites from the upper Pleistocene of SW Iberia, namely SW Portugal and Gibraltar, with trackways, tracks and trampled surfaces of the last elephants in mainland Europe. Photogrammetric 3 D modelling and analysis of the relevant proboscidean track levels allowed revision of and support for previous ichnotaxonomic identification to Proboscipeda panfamilia and behavioural interpretations of the producer. Smaller and very large trackways and footprints attributed to Palaeoloxodon antiquus are described and discussed according to new and recent, but always rare findings. The seeming progressive and definitive extinction of this species towards southern Iberia, following the same pattern for the replacement of the Neanderthals during the last initial Pleniglacial (until ca. 28 ka), suggests evidence for co-evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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67. A hitchhiker's guide to quasi-copulas.

Author: Arias-García, J.J., Mesiar, R., and De Baets, B.
Subjects: *COPULA functions, *RANDOM variables
Abstract: This paper presents a review of the concept of an n -quasi-copula, starting from the characterization of functions that can be derived from operations on random variables. We recall several other characterizations and properties that have been proven in the literature, highlighting the differences between the bivariate case and the higher-dimensional case. Additionally, we recall several applications of n -quasi-copulas such as their role in the study of bounds on sets of n -copulas. We also recall various classes of n -quasi-copulas that have been studied in the literature. Finally, we present some questions that have not yet been answered in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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68. EVOLUTIONARY BIOGEOGRAPHY AND THE REGIONALIZATION OF THE NEOTROPICS: A PERSPECTIVE FROM MAMMALS.

Author: Escalante, Tania and Morrone, Juan J.
Subjects: *PLANT classification, *MAMMALOGISTS
Abstract: Evolutionary biogeography aims to discover biogeographic patterns exhibited by plant and animal taxa and to assess the historical changes that have shaped the assembly of biotas. One of these biotas is found in the Neotropical region, which has been described, delimited and regionalized by several authors since the 19th century. Important contributions have been made by several mammalogists, who have identified geographic distributional patterns of mammals of the Americas and have contributed to different schemes of regionalization. Biogeographic regionalizations are based on the identification of endemic or characteristic taxa, constituting natural biotic hierarchies that synthesize the evolutionary/ecological history of the areas. According to the most recent biogeographic regionalization, the Neotropical region is composed by three subregions, two transition zones, seven dominions and 54 provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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69. تعقّبات الإمام القسطلاّني ت923هـ (في كتابه لطائف الإشارات لفنون القراءات على الإمام العمّاني (ت بعد 465هـ (في كتابه المُرشد في الوقف والابتداء)

Author: أحمد مرجي الفالح
Published: 2020

70. Importance of natural protected areas for the conservation of terrestrial mammals in southern sierra Madre Oriental, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Author: Del Río-García, I. N., Tarango-Arámbula, Luis A., Rosas-Rosas, Octavio C., Martínez-Montoya, Juan F., and Guerrero-Rodríguez, J. D.
Subjects: NATURE reserves, PROTECTED areas, MAMMAL conservation, MANN Whitney U Test, WHITE-tailed deer, CARNIVOROUS animals, BOTTLENOSE dolphin, SQUIRRELS
Abstract: Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Published: 2020
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71. Materials parameters and ion-induced track formation.

Author: Szenes, G.
Subjects: *ION energy, *MELTING points, *THERMAL diffusivity, *BAND gaps, *ELECTRON distribution
Abstract: The role of various materials parameters in track formation is discussed. Experimental information is utilized showing a direct quantitative relationship in different solids between the melting points Tm and the ion-induced track radii Re without involving other materials parameters. It is shown for Θ = Tm − Tir (Tir – irradiation temperature) that Θ∼exp{−Re2/w2} for Se/N = constant, where Se and N are the electronic stopping power and the number density of atoms and w = 4.5 nm. The validity of this universal-type relation is demonstrated for 14 different insulators including LiNbO3 and BaFe12O19. It is shown that the thermal diffusivity D, the heat of fusion L the band gap energy Eg and the absorption radius αe of the electron distribution must not affect the track sizes as this would not be coherent with this identical behavior. Original reports on LiNbO3 and BaFe12O19 with opposite conclusions are critically analyzed. It is shown that an arbitrary value of the ion energy was used in the analysis that modified substantially the results leading to an undue justification of the contribution of L and Eg in apparent agreement with the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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72. Atypical application of the parametric method for track infrastructure inventory.

Author: Czaplewski, Krzysztof, Specht, Cezary, Koc, Władysław, Wilk, Andrzej, Karwowski, Krzysztof, Dąbrowski, Paweł, Specht, Mariusz, Chrostowski, Piotr, and Szmaglinski, Jacek
Subjects: *SURVEYING (Engineering), *INVENTORIES, *COMMONS, *INLAND navigation
Abstract: For many years, satellite systems have seen widespread use in a variety of technical applications, as well as in operations related to setting-out and the exploitation of track infrastructure. Their main applications include an inventory of the trackage course and detecting changes in its position. In both of these tasks, the most important element that determines the quality of an analyses is the high accuracy of the determinations being carried out. Satellite surveying techniques are not always sufficiently accurate, and in such cases, it is necessary to employ other land surveying methods to process surveying data. This article presents the authors' considerations with regards to the possibility of applying one of the most common land surveying adjustment methods, the parametric method, to operations related to an inventory of tram infrastructure in Gdańsk. The results are based on surveys carried out during a surveying campaign in the autumn of 2018. The considerations presented in the article concern a small part of the research conducted under project No. POIR.04.01.01-00-0017/17 entitled "Development of an innovative method for determining the precise trajectory of a railborne vehicle" which is being implemented by a consortium of Gdansk University of Technology and Gdynia Maritime University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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73. Measurements vs. Interactions: Tracks in a Wilson Cloud Chamber

Author: Dell’Antonio, Gianfausto, Ball, Joseph A., Series editor, Dym, Harry, Series editor, Kaashoek, Marinus, Series editor, Langer, Heinz, Series editor, Tretter, Christiane, Series editor, Alpay, Daniel, editor, Cipriani, Fabio, editor, Colombo, Fabrizio, editor, Guido, Daniele, editor, Sabadini, Irene, editor, and Sauvageot, Jean-Luc, editor
Published: 2016
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74. Faculty Development and Promotion in Academic Medicine

Author: Newton, Warren P., Viera, Anthony J., editor, and Kramer, Rob, editor
Published: 2016
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75. Academic Promotion and Titles

Author: Rutkove, Seward B. and Rutkove, Seward B.
Published: 2016
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76. Career Choices for a Senior High School Strand

Author: Retes, Ritchel C., Calunsag, Ana Mae T., Baso, Gina S., Retes, Ritchel C., Calunsag, Ana Mae T., and Baso, Gina S.
Abstract: Career choice is a significant issue worldwide in terms of the developmental lives of learners. This study investigates the level of difficulty faced by grade 10 students when deciding on a career in the senior high school strand. The study involved Grade 10 students of Binoni National High School as respondents to examine the career choices of Grade 10 students in the senior high school strands and tracks. A Likert scale was used in this study, to assess whether the respondents encountered a hard time choosing their career choice for senior highs school. The result revealed an overall weighted mean of 3.61, which has a verbal description of "agree." Therefore, the respondents had a hard time making a decision on what strand and track to choose in their senior high school years. This implies that there is a need for further guidance and counseling with regards to their career choices.
Published: 2023

77. Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Flight Path: Literature Review and Conceptual Design of UAM Corridor Virtual Lane System using “Tracks”

Author: Bankole, Immanuel and Bankole, Immanuel
Abstract: As the Urban Air Mobility (UAM) industry grows and becomes more popular, most of the conversations in the public domain are focused on the (electric Vertical Take-off and Landing) eVTOL aircraft and the physical infrastructure that will support these eVTOL aircraft. However, there is a lack of research on UAM traffic management and flight paths taken by aircraft between locations. The United States (U.S.) Federal Aviation Administration has proposed the use of corridors to minimize the interaction between UAM operations and traditional air traffic as eVTOL aircraft perform flight activities. The government also acknowledges the need for additional structures (such as “tracks”) to aid traffic management within corridors as UAM attains increased levels of operation density. A review of literature showed that there is no published work addressing the design of additional structures such as “tracks” within corridors. This paper aims to add to the existing body of literature by proposing a conceptual design for eVTOL aircraft tracks that can improve order and safety within corridors. More specifically, this paper presents two iterations for the flight tracks; a horizontal track system that can be implemented in corridors with large dimensions and a vertically staggered track system that can be implemented in corridors with more space constraints.
Published: 2023

78. The role of pyrimidine and water as underlying molecular constituents for describing radiation damage in living tissue: a comparative study

Author: Fuss, M. C., Ellis-Gibbings, L., Jones, D. B., Brunger, M. J., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, Muñoz, A., Limao Vieira, P., García, G., Fuss, M. C., Ellis-Gibbings, L., Jones, D. B., Brunger, M. J., Blanco Ramos, Francisco, Muñoz, A., Limao Vieira, P., and García, G.
Abstract: © 2015 American Institute of Physics. This research was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through its Centres of Excellence Program. D.B.J. thanks the ARC for provision of a Discovery Early Career Researcher Award. We also acknowledge the support of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitivad under Project No. FIS 2012-31230 and the European Union COST Actions (MP1002 and CM1301). P.L.V. acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MEC) through research grants PTDC/FIS-ATO/1832/2012, UID/FIS/00068/2013, and SFRH/BSAB/105792/2014. P.L.V. also acknowledges his Visiting Professor position at Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia., Water is often used as the medium for characterizing the effects of radiation on living tissue. However, in this study, charged-particle track simulations are employed to quantify the induced physicochemical and potential biological implications when a primary ionising particle with energy 10 keV strikes a medium made up entirely of water or pyrimidine. Note that pyrimidine was chosen as the DNA/RNA bases cytosine, thymine, and uracil can be considered pyrimidine derivatives. This study aims to assess the influence of the choice of medium on the charged-particle transport, and identify how appropriate it is to use water as the default medium to describe the effects of ionising radiation on living tissue. Based on the respective electron interaction cross sections, we provide a model, which allows the study of radiation effects not only in terms of energy deposition (absorbed dose and stopping power) but also in terms of the number of induced molecular processes. Results of these parameters for water and pyrimidine are presented and compared. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC., Ministerio de Economía y Competitivad (MINECO), Australian Research Council (ARC) through its Centres of Excellence Program, ARC, European Union COST Actions, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MEC), Depto. de Estructura de la Materia, Física Térmica y Electrónica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
Published: 2023

79. The castle. A heritage education project in the municipality of Medicina

Author: Fabbri, Laura and Fabbri, Laura
Abstract: The contribution focuses on the educational and didactic project which involved 4-year-old children of the Yellow class of the Ludovico Calza nursery school, in Medicina, during the 2014-2015 school year. For years, the Comprehensive State School of Medicina has been proposing a vertical project called "My country and I", which considers as its main objective the knowledge of the territory and the collaboration with the local educational agencies for the promotion of a sense of identity, of belonging within a community and for the protection of the cultural and environmental assets present. The starting point of our project is the historical re-enactment of the emperor Barbarossa who, intertwining history and legend, continues to raise emotions and to feed the curiosity and imagination of the little ones. This medieval festival, gathering the whole community, provides us with the opportunity to talk about the castle, a magical, fascinating and mysterious place, present in many fairy tales, which offers many ideas to work on.
Published: 2023

80. Technické a ekonomické posouzení konstrukcí nástupišť železničních drah

Author: Vnenk, Petr, Jacura, Martin, Kořan, Josef, Vnenk, Petr, Jacura, Martin, and Kořan, Josef
Abstract: Cílem této práce je porovnání jednotlivých typů konstrukcí nástupišť používaných na železničních drahách v České republice a vyhodnocení jejich výhod i nevýhod na základě zvolených kritérií. V práci jsou popsány konstrukce nástupišť, které jsou dnes používány na železničních drahách, dále je popsán současný stav českých železničních drah, které spravuje SŽ. Jsou zde popsány jednotlivé parametry pro srovnání nástupišť, které jsou následně bodově ohodnoceny, čímž se získají výsledky porovnání. Téma této práce je zadáno Správou železnic, státní organizací. Pro rozšíření problematiky a jejího řešení se v následujících letech předpokládá s navázáním tématu při tvorbě diplomové práce., This work is focused on comparison of the different types of platform constructions used on railway network in the Czech Republic and evaluation of their advantages and disadvanteges based on selected criteria. There are description of the construction of platforms used today on the railway network in Czech Republic, which is administred by SŽ. There are described the individual parameters for the comparsion of platforms, which are evaluated in points for determination of results. The topic of this work is assigned by Správa železnic, státní organizace. In order to expand the issue and solution it is expected in the following years to follow up the topic for creation of diploma thesis., Dopravní fakulta Jana Pernera, Uchazeč prezentoval komisi hlavní výsledky a závěry své diplomové práce. Po prezentaci diplomové práce zodpověděl dotazy vedoucího a připomínky oponenta diplomové práce (uvedeny v posudcích práce). V diskusi o diplomové práci podrobně zodpověděl všechny dotazy členů komise., Dokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobou
Published: 2023

81. Regional seismic risk assessment based on the Unified Scaling Law for Earthquakes: The Lake Baikal railway system.

Author: Nekrasova, Anastasiya, Podolskaia, Ekaterina, and Kossobokov, Vladimir
Subjects: *EARTHQUAKE hazard analysis, *RISK assessment, *ROAD maps, *EARTHQUAKE magnitude, *EARTHQUAKES, *RAILROADS
Abstract: Seismic hazard assessment (SHA) and evaluation of seismic risk (SR) require an adequate understanding of the actual distribution of earthquakes over magnitude, space, and time ranges. Neo-deterministic seismic hazard assessment (NDSHA) methodologies have been developed to improve the reliability and accuracy of reproducible seismic hazard maps. In the last decade, the application of NDSHA in many regions of the world has confirmed the availability of reliable and effective input for mitigating object-oriented earthquake risks NDSHA results have passed intensive testing by historical evidence and realistic modelling of scenario earthquakes. We used two NDSHA tools – (i) Unified Scaling Law for Earthquakes (USLE) and (ii) anisotropic propagation of the seismic effect – to evaluate SR for the Lake Baikal regional railroad system represented by Open Street Map (OSM) data of tracks, bridges and tunnels on the basis of seismic hazard maps of maximum macroseismic intensity expected in 50 years with 10%, 5%, and 1% probability of exceedance. We compare the achieved USLE−based results with the SR evaluations based on the General Seismic Zonation 2016 maps at identical levels of probability of exceedance. • Innovative assessment of seismic risk for the Lake Baikal Railway System (LBRS). • Maps based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis overestimate damage and risks. • Our estimates expose doubling of expected overall reconstruction costs of GSZ2016. • Evidence in favour of neo-deterministic vs standard probabilistic hazard assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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82. The effect of aluminium concentration on the resistance of Si3N4 to ion track formation.

Author: Ibrayeva, Anel, O'Connell, Jacques, Skuratov, Vladimir, and Janse van Vuuren, Arno
Subjects: *PARTICLE tracks (Nuclear physics), *SCANNING transmission electron microscopy, *POLYCRYSTALLINE silicon, *SILICON nitride, *ENERGY dissipation, *THRESHOLD energy
Abstract: The role of Al impurities on the structural response of polycrystalline silicon nitride to swift Xe and Bi ions at single ion track and overlapped ion track fluences is investigated. Si 3 N 4 with Al impurity concentrations of 3 at.%, 1 at.% and 0.1. at.% were examined by means of high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. The threshold electronic energy loss (S et) required to form amorphous tracks was found to decrease with increasing Al fraction from above 33 keV/nm (0.1 at.% Al) to below 22 keV/nm for specimens containing about 3 at.% Al. All specimens were partially amorphized at overlapping ion fluence and the amorphous fraction monotonically increased with increasing Al content at the same ion fluence. • Radiation-induced amorphization is dependent on dopants/impurities in structure • Al impurity concentration affects the radiation resistance of Si 3 N 4 • Threshold energy loss for track formation in Si 3 N 4 reduces with increasing Al • Increased Al content enhances amorphization of Si 3 N 4 irradiated with SHIs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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83. Additional notes on the Mount Morgan dinosaur tracks from the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) Razorback beds, Queensland, Australia.

Author: Romilio, Anthony
Subjects: *DINOSAURS, *ARCHIVAL materials, *MAKERSPACES, *CAVES
Abstract: In a recent paper, community-held archival material was used to evaluate the palaeo-biology of dinosaur track-makers from the 'fireclay caverns' of Mount Morgan. With the ensuing interest, community members disclosed additional photographic documentation of Mount Morgan dinosaur tracks. The described theropodan and ornithischian tracks are consistent with the known Mount Morgan ichnofaunal record, while evidence of Anomoepus track-makers walking with the atypical plantigrade pedal posture has not been previously documented in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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84. Abundance of large ornithopod dinosaurs in the El Castellar Formation (Hauterivian-Barremian, Lower Cretaceous) of the Peñagolosa sub-basin (Teruel, Spain)

Author: García-Cobeña, Josué, Verdú, Francisco J., and Cobos, Alberto
Published: 2022
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85. Mechatronic Approach in Inspection of Water Supply Networks

Author: Buratowski, Tomasz, Ciszewski, Michał, Giergiel, Mariusz, Siatrak, Mateusz, Wacławski, Michał, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Awrejcewicz, Jan, editor, Szewczyk, Roman, editor, Trojnacki, Maciej, editor, and Kaliczyńska, Małgorzata, editor
Published: 2015
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86. Microstructural and thermal stability of selective laser melted 316L stainless steel single tracks

Author: Krakhmalev, P., Yadroitsava, I., Fredriksson, G., and Yadroitsev, I.
Subjects: residual stress, selective laser melting, stainless steel, tracks, Industrial engineering. Management engineering, T55.4-60.8
Abstract: To remove residual stresses, an as-built SLM object is usually post- treated. This treatment can affect the microstructure, changing the final mechanical characteristics. This investigation is focused on the microstructural characterisation of 316L austenitic stainless steel in as-built and annealed conditions. The SLM microstructure was relatively stable up to 900°C, when cell boundaries start to disappear. At higher temperatures, an insignificant grain coarsening was detected. These microstructural changes caused a gradual drop in the hardness. The obtained result is background for the future development of post-treatment regimens to achieve a high level in the final mechanical properties of SLM objects.
Published: 2017
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87. Catholicism in Louise Erdrich's Love Medicine and Tracks

Author: Walsh, Dennis
Subjects: novels, Tracks, 1988, Catholicism shamanic religion conflict, Turtle Mountain Chippewa Reservation, historical realities
Abstract: Readers and critics have long noted the important presence of Catholicism in most of Louise Erdrich’s novels, notably Love Medicine (1984 and 1993), The Beet Queen (1986), Tracks (1988), and Tales of Burning Love (1996). The Bingo Palace (1994) and The Antelope Wife (1998) focus on Chippewa’ culture and spirituality, and largely exclude Catholicism. I believe the critics are incomplete in their analyses of the roles of Catholicism in Love Medicine and Tracks where it is a much more central theme than in Erdrich’s other fiction.My chief purpose in this article is to provide a broader and deeper view of the matter in question than anyone has previously attempted by joining literary, biographical, and historical analyses. My argument concerning Love Medicine is that the conflict of Catholicism with shamanic religion and traditional culture provides perhaps the strongest single unifying addition to the 1993 revised edition of the novel. Additionally, I argue that the same theme in Tracks is considerably more ambivalent than it is in Love Medicine-and more pervasive than the critics have acknowledged. I especially press for a revised view of Pauline, one of the two narrators in the novel, who later becomes Sister Leopolda and appears in several other Erdrich novels. In the second part of this study, I assemble Erdrich’s comments in interviews regarding Catholicism in her life and works and draw conclusions about these remarks, especially in regard to the novels in question. Erdrich, in both the fiction and interviews, identifies the Turtle Mountain Chippewa Reservation as an important source for the settings of the two novels. Peter G. Beidler and Gay Barton also assert that the reservation can easily be identified as Turtle Mountain in Love Medicine and Tracks, though in other novels both the fictitious reservation and Argus, a fictional town, are removed from the actual Turtle Mountain Reservation. My contribution here is to assemble a short history of Catholicism on that reservation and to speculate that Erdrich’s fictional settings could indeed be closely based on historical realities.
Published: 2001

88. Fast $b$-tagging at the high-level trigger of the ATLAS experiment in LHC Run 3

Author: Aad, Georges, Abbott, Braden Keim, Abeling, Kira, Abicht, Nils Julius, Abidi, Haider, Aboulhorma, Asmaa, Abramowicz, Halina, Abreu, Henso, Abulaiti, Yiming, Abusleme, Angel, Acharya, Bobby Samir, Adam Bourdarios, Claire, Adamczyk, Leszek, Adamek, Lukas, Addepalli, Sagar, Addison, Matt, Adelman, Jahred, Adiguzel, Aytul, Adye, Tim, Affolder, Tony, Afik, Yoav, Agaras, Merve Nazlim, Agarwala, Jinky, Aggarwal, Anamika, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Ahmad, Ammara, Ahmadov, Faig, Ahmed, Waleed Syed, Ahuja, Sudha, Ai, Xiaocong, Aielli, Giulio, Aikot, Arya, Ait Tamlihat, Malak, Aitbenchikh, Brahim, Aizenberg, Iakov, Akbiyik, Melike, Akesson, Torsten, Akimov, Andrei, Akiyama, Daiya, Akolkar, Nilima Nilesh, Al Khoury, Konie, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Albert, Justin, Albicocco, Pietro, Albouy, Guillaume Lucas, Alderweireldt, Sara, Aleksa, Martin, Alexandrov, Igor, Alexa, Calin, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alfonsi, Fabrizio, Algren, Malte, Alhroob, Muhammad, Ali, Babar, Ali, Hanadi, Ali, Shahzad, Alibocus, Samuel William, Aliev, Malik, Alimonti, Gianluca, Alkakhi, Wael, Allaire, Corentin, Allbrooke, Benedict, Allen, Julia Frances, Allendes Flores, Cristian Andres, Allport, Philip Patrick, Aloisio, Alberto, Alonso, Francisco, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Alvarez Estevez, Manuel, Alvarez Fernandez, Adrian, Alves Cardoso, Mario, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Aly, Mohamed, Do Amaral Coutinho, Yara, Ambler, Alessandro, Amelung, Christoph, Amerl, Maximilian, Ames, Christoph, Amidei, Dante, Amor dos Santos, Susana Patricia, Amos, Kieran Robert, Ananiev, Viktor, Anastopoulos, Christos, Andeen, Timothy Robert, Anders, John Kenneth, Andrean, Stefio Yosse, Andreazza, Attilio, Angelidakis, Stylianos, Angerami, Aaron, Anisenkov, Alexey, Annovi, Alberto, Antel, Claire, Anthony, Matthew Thomas, Antipov, Egor, Antonelli, Mario, Anulli, Fabio, Aoki, Masato, Aoki, Takumi, Aparisi Pozo, Javier Alberto, Aparo, Marco, Aperio Bella, Ludovica, Appelt, Christian, Apyan, Aram, Aranzabal Barrio, Nordin, Arcangeletti, Chiara, Arce, Ayana Tamu, Arena, Eloisa, Arguin, Jean-Francois, Argyropoulos, Spyros, Arling, Jan-Hendrik, Arnaez, Olivier, Arnold, Hannah, Artoni, Giacomo, Asada, Haruka, Asai, Kanae, Asai, Shoji, Asbah, Nedaa Alexandra, Assahsah, Jihad, Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle, Astalos, Robert, Atashi, Rose, Atkin, Ryan Justin, Atkinson, Markus Julian, Atmani, Hicham, Atmasiddha, Prachi, Augsten, Kamil, Auricchio, Silvia, Auriol, Adrien, Austrup, Volker Andreas, Avolio, Giuseppe, Axiotis, Konstantinos, Azuelos, Georges, Babal, Dominik, Bachacou, Henri, Bachas, Konstantinos, Bachiu, Alexander, Backman, Karl Filip, Badea, Anthony, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bahmani, Marzieh, Bailey, Adam, Bailey, Virginia, Baines, John, Baines, Luke, Bakalis, Christos, Baker, Keith, Bakos, Evelin, Bakshi Gupta, Debottam, Balakrishnan, Veena, Balasubramanian, Rahul, Baldin, Evgenii, Balek, Petr, Ballabene, Eric, Balli, Fabrice, Baltes, Lisa Marie, Balunas, William Keaton, Balz, Johannes, Banas, Elzbieta, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Bandyopadhyay, Anjishnu, Bansal, Shubham, Barak, Liron, Barakat, Marawan, Barberio, Elisabetta, Barberis, Dario, Barbero, Marlon Benoit, Barel, Marten Zefanja, Barends, Kevin Nicholas, Barillari, Teresa, Barisits, Martin, Barklow, Tim, Baron, Petr, Baron, Diego, Baroncelli, Toni, Barone, Gaetano, Barr, Alan, Barr, Jackson, Barranco Navarro, Laura, Barreiro Alonso, Fernando, Barreiro Guimaraes da Costa, Joao, Barron, Uriel, Barros, Maura, Barsov, Sergey, Bartels, Falk, Bartoldus, Rainer, Barton, Adam Edward, Bartos, Pavol, Basan, Alexander, Baselga Bacardit, Marta, Bassalat, Ahmed, Basso, Matthew Joseph, Basson, Candice Ruth, Bates, Richard, Batlamous, Souad, Batley, Richard, Batool, Binish, Battaglia, Marco, Battulga, Daariimaa, Bauce, Matteo, Bauer, Michael, Bauer, Patrick, Bazzano, Tomas, Beacham, James, Beau, Tristan, Beauchemin, Pierre-Hugues, Becherer, Fabian, Bechtle, Philip, Beck, Hans Peter, Becker, Kathrin, Beddall, Andrew, Bednyakov, Vadim, Bee, Chris, Beemster, Lars, Beermann, Thomas, Begalli, Marcia, Begel, Michael, Behera, Arabinda, Behr, Janna Katharina, Beirer, Joshua Falco, Beisiegel, Florian, Belfkir, Mohamed, Bella, Gideon, Bellagamba, Lorenzo, Bellerive, Alain, Bellos, Panagiotis, Beloborodov, Konstantin, Belyaev, Nikita, Benchekroun, Driss, Bendebba, Fatima, Benhammou, Yan, Benoit, Mathieu, Bensinger, Jim, Bentvelsen, Stan, Beresford, Lydia Audrey, Beretta, Matteo Mario, Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin, Berger, Nicolas, Bergmann, Benedikt Ludwig, Beringer, Juerg, Bernardi, Gregorio, Bernius, Catrin, Bernlochner, Florian Urs, Bernon, Florent, Berry, Tracey, Berta, Peter, Berthold, Anne-Sophie, Bertram, Iain, Bethke, Siegfried, Betti, Alessandra, Bevan, Adrian, Bhamjee, Muaaz, Bhatta, Somadutta, Bhattacharya, Deb Sankar, Bhattarai, Prajita, Bhopatkar, Vallary Shashikant, Bi, Ran, Bianchi, Riccardo Maria, Bianco, Gianluca, Biebel, Otmar, Bielski, Rafal, Biglietti, Michela, Billoud, Thomas, Bindi, Marcello, Bingul, Ahmet, Bini, Cesare, Biondini, Alessandro, Birch-Sykes, Callum Jacob, Bird, Gareth Adam, Birman, Mattias, Biros, Marek, Biryukov, Stanislav, Bisanz, Tobias, Bisceglie, Emanuele, Biswal, Jyoti Prakash, Biswas, Diptaparna, Bitadze, Alexander, Bjoerke, Kristian, Bloch, Ingo, Blocker, Craig, Blue, Andrew James, Blumenschein, Ulla, Blumenthal, Julian, Bobbink, Gerjan, Bobrovnikov, Viktor, Boehler, Michael, Bohm, Burkhard, Bogavac, Danijela, Bogdanchikov, Alexander, Bohm, Christian, Boisvert, Veronique, Bokan, Petar, Bold, Tomasz, Bomben, Marco, Bona, Marcella, Boonekamp, Maarten, Booth, Callum Dale, Borbely, Albert Gyorgy, Bordulev, Iurii, Borecka-Bielska, Hanna Maria, Borgna, Lucas Santiago, Borissov, Guennadi, Bortoletto, Daniela, Boscherini, Davide, Fernandez-Bosman, Martine, Bossio, Jonathan, Bouaouda, Khalil, Bouchhar, Naseem, Boudreau, Joseph, Bouhova-Thacker, Eva, Boumediene, Djamel Eddine, Bouquet, Romain, Boveia, Antonio, Boyd, Jamie, Boye, Diallo, Boyko, Igor, Bracinik, Juraj, Brahimi, Nihal, Brandt, Gerhard Immanuel, Brandt, Oleg, Braren, Frued Erik, Brau, Benjamin Paul, Brau, Jim, Schimmel Brener, Roy, Brenner, Lydia, Brenner, Richard, Bressler, Shikma, Britton, David, Britzger, Daniel Andreas, Brock, Ian, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooks, William King, Brost, Elizabeth, Brown, Leesa Marea, Bruce, Laura Elaine, Bruckler, Tim Lukas, Bruckman de Renstrom, Pawel, Bruers, Ben, Bruni, Alessia, Bruni, Graziano, Bruschi, Marco, Bruscino, Nello, Buanes, Trygve, Buat, Quentin, Buchin, Daniel, Buckley, Andy, Bulekov, Oleg, Bullard, Brendon, Burdin, Sergey, Burgard, Carsten, Burger, Angela Maria, Burghgrave, Blake Oliver, Burlayenko, Oleksandr, Burr, Jon, Burton, Charles, Burzynski, Jackson Carl, Busch, Elena Laura, Buescher, Volker, Bussey, Peter John, Butler, John Mark, Buttar, Craig Macleod, Butterworth, Jonathan, Buttinger, Will, Buxo Vazquez, Carlos Josue, Buzykaev, Alexey, Cabrera Urban, Susana, Cadamuro, Luca, Caforio, Davide, Cai, Huacheng, Cai, Yuchen, Cairo, Valentina, Cakir, Orhan, Calace, Noemi, Calafiura, Paolo, Calderini, Giovanni, Calfayan, Philippe, Callea, Giuseppe, Caloba, Luiz, Calvet, David, Calvet, Samuel, Calvet, Thomas Philippe, Calvetti, Milene, Camacho Toro, Reina Coromoto, Camarda, Stefano, Camarero Munoz, Daniel, Camarri, Paolo, Camerlingo, Maria Teresa, Cameron, David, Camincher, Clement, Campanelli, Mario, Camplani, Alessandra, Canale, Vincenzo, Canesse, Auriane, Cantero Garcia, Josu, Cao, Yumeng, Capocasa, Francesca, Capua, Marcella, Carbone, Antonio, Cardarelli, Roberto, Cardenas, Juan Carlos, Cardillo, Fabio, Carli, Tancredi, Carlino, Giampaolo, Carlotto, Juan Ignacio, Carlson, Ben, Carlson, Evan Michael, Carminati, Leonardo, Carnelli, Alberto, Carnesale, Maria, Caron, Sascha, Carquin Lopez, Edson, Carra, Sonia, Carratta, Giuseppe, Carrio Argos, Fernando, Carter, Joseph, Carter, Thomas Michael, Casado Lechuga, Pilar, Caspar, Maximilian, Castiglia, Emma Grace, Castillo, Florencia Luciana, Castillo Garcia, Lucia, Castillo Gimenez, Victoria, Castro, Nuno, Catinaccio, Andrea, Catmore, James, Cavaliere, Viviana, Cavalli, Noemi, Cavasinni, Vincenzo, Cekmecelioglu, Yusuf Can, Celebi, Emre, Celli, Federico, Centonze, Martino Salomone, Cepaitis, Vilius, Cerny, Karel, Santiago Cerqueira, Augusto, Cerri, Alex, Cerrito, Lucio, Cerutti, Fabio, Cervato, Beatrice, Cervelli, Alberto, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cetin, Serkant, Chadi, Zakaria, Chakraborty, Dhiman, Chan, Jay, Chan, Wai Yuen, Chapman, John Derek, Chapon, Emilien, Chargeishvili, Bakar, Charlton, Dave, Charman, Thomas Paul, Chatterjee, Meghranjana, Chauhan, Chainika, Chekanov, Sergei, Chekulaev, Sergey, Shelkov, G, Chen, Andy, Chen, Boping, Chen, Charlie, Chen, Huirun, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Jing, Chen, Jiayi, Chen, Maggie, Chen, Shion, Chen, Shenjian, Chen, Xiang, Chen, Xin, Chen, Ye, Cheng, Alkaid, Cheng, Hok Chuen Tom, Cheong, Sanha, Cheplakov, Alexander, Cheremushkina, Evgeniya, Cherepanova, Elizaveta, Cherkaoui, Rajaa, Cheu, Elliott, Cheung, Kingman, Chevalier, Laurent, Chiarella, 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Vafeiadis, Theodoros, Vaitkus, Andrius, Valderanis, Chrysostomos, Valdes Santurio, Eduardo, Valente, Marco, Valentinetti, Sara, Valero Biot, Alberto, Valiente Moreno, Enrique, Vallier, Alexis, Valls Ferrer, Juan, van Arneman, Dylan Remberto, van Daalen, Tal Roelof, van der Graaf, Aaron, van Gemmeren, Peter, van Rijnbach, Milou, van Stroud, Samuel, van Vulpen, Ivo, Vanadia, Marco, Vandelli, Wainer, Vandenbroucke, Maxence, van de Wall, Evan Richard, Vannicola, Damiano, Vannoli, Leonardo, Vari, Riccardo, Varnes, Erich Ward, Varni, Carlo, Mete, Tulin, Varouchas, Dimitris, Varriale, Lorenzo, Varvell, Kevin, Vasile, Matei, Vaslin, Louis, Vasquez, Gerardo, Vasyukov, Artem, Vazeille, Francois, Vazquez Schroeder, Tamara, Veatch, Jason Robert, Vecchio, Valentina, Veen, Michiel Jan, Veliscek, Iza, Veloce, Laurelle Maria, Veloso, Filipe, Veneziano, Stefano, Ventura, Andrea, Ventura Gonzalez, Salvador, Verbytskyi, Andrii, Verducci, Monica, Vergis, Christos, Verissimo de Araujo, Micael, Verkerke, 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Wilbern, Daniel John, Wilkens, Henric, Williams, Daniel, Williams, Hugh, Williams, Sarah Louise, Willocq, Stephane, Wilson, Benjamin James, Windischhofer, Philipp, Winkel, Federico, Winklmeier, Frank, Winter, Benedict Tobias, Winter, Joshua Krystian, Wittgen, Matthias, Wobisch, Markus, Wolffs, Zef, Wollrath, Julian, Wolter, Marcin, Wolters, Helmut, Wongel, Alicia, Worm, Steven, Wosiek, Barbara Krystyna, Wozniak, Krzysztof Wieslaw, Wozniewski, Sebastian, Wraight, Kenneth Gibb, Wu, Chonghao, Wu, Jinfei, Wu, Minlin, Wu, Mengqing, Wu, Sau Lan, Wu, Xin, Wu, Yusheng, Wu, Zhibo, Wurzinger, Jonas, Wyatt, Terry, Wynne, Benjamin Michael, Xella, Stefania, Xia, Ligang, Xia, Mingming, Xiang, Jianhuan, Xie, Mingzhe, Xie, Xiangyu, Xin, Shuiting, Xiong, Junwen, Xu, Da, Xu, Hao, Xu, Lailin, Xu, Riley, Xu, Tairan, Xu, Yue, Xu, Zhongyukun, Xu, Zijun, Yabsley, Bruce Donald, Yacoob, Sahal, Yamaguchi, Yohei, Yamashita, Erika, Yamauchi, Hiroki, Yamazaki, Tomohiro, Yamazaki, Yuji, Yan, Jun, Yan, Siyuan, Yan, Zhen, Yang, Haijun, Yang, Hongtao, Yang, Siqi, Yang, Tianyi, Yang, Xiao, Yang, Xuan, Yang, Yi-Lin, Yang, Yifan, Yang, Zhe, Yao, Wei-Ming, Yap, Yee Chinn, Ye, Hanfei, Ye, Hua, Ye, Jingbo, Ye, Shuwei, Ye, Xinmeng, Yeh, Yoran, Yeletskikh, Ivan, Yeo, Beom Ki, Yexley, Melissa, Yin, Pengqi, Yorita, Kohei, Younas, Sulman, Young, Christopher, Young, Charlie, Yu, Chengjun, Yu, Yi, Yuan, Man, Yuan, Rui, Yue, Luzhan, Zaazoua, Mohamed, Zabinski, Bartlomiej Henryk, Zaid, Estifa'A, Zakareishvili, Tamar, Zakharchuk, Nataliia, Zambito, Stefano, Zamora Saa, Jilberto Antonio, Zang, Jiaqi, Zanzi, Daniele, Zaplatilek, Ota, Zeitnitz, Christian, Zeng, Hao, Zeng, Jiancong, Zenger, Todd, Zenin, Oleg, Zenis, Tibor, Zenz, Seth, Zerradi, Soufiane, Zerwas, Dirk, Zhai, Mingjie, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Dengfeng, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Kaili, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Shuzhou, Zhang, Tingyu, Zhang, Xiangke, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yulei, Zhang, Yuwen Ebony, Zhang, Zhicai, Zhang, Zhiqing Philippe, Zhao, Haoran, Zhao, Pingchuan, Zhao, Tongbin, Zhao, Yuzhan, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zheng, Jinchao, Zheng, Kai, Zheng, Xiangxuan, Zheng, Zhi, Zhong, Dewen, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Hao, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, You, Zhu, Chengguang, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Yifan, Zhu, Yingchun, Zhuang, Xuai, Zhukov, Konstantin, Zhulanov, Vladimir, Zimine, Nikolai, Zinsser, Joachim, Ziolkowski, Michal, Zivkovic, Lidija, Zoccoli, Antonio, Zoch, Knut, Zorbas, Theodore, Zormpa, Olga, Zou, Wenkai, Zwalinski, Lukasz, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire des deux Infinis de Toulouse (L2IT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ATLAS
Subjects: p p: scattering, data analysis method, final state: ((n)jet), neural network, FOS: Physical sciences, costs, bottom: pair production, bottom: particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), statistical analysis, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], hep-ex, jet: hadronic, ATLAS, tracks, CERN LHC Coll, track data analysis: jet, efficiency, Higgs particle: hadronic decay, Higgs particle: pair production, trigger: hardware, jet: bottom, p p: colliding beams, jet: trigger, signature, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The ATLAS experiment relies on real-time hadronic jet reconstruction and $b$-tagging to record fully hadronic events containing $b$-jets. These algorithms require track reconstruction, which is computationally expensive and could overwhelm the high-level-trigger farm, even at the reduced event rate that passes the ATLAS first stage hardware-based trigger. In LHC Run 3, ATLAS has mitigated these computational demands by introducing a fast neural-network-based $b$-tagger, which acts as a low-precision filter using input from hadronic jets and tracks. It runs after a hardware trigger and before the remaining high-level-trigger reconstruction. This design relies on the negligible cost of neural-network inference as compared to track reconstruction, and the cost reduction from limiting tracking to specific regions of the detector. In the case of Standard Model $HH \rightarrow b\bar{b}b\bar{b}$, a key signature relying on $b$-jet triggers, the filter lowers the input rate to the remaining high-level trigger by a factor of five at the small cost of reducing the overall signal efficiency by roughly 2%., 37 pages in total, author list starting page 21, 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to JINST. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TRIG-2022-03
Published: 2023

89. Performance of the reconstruction of large impact parameter tracks in the inner detector of ATLAS

Author: Aad, Georges, Abbott, Braden Keim, Abeling, Kira, Abicht, Nils Julius, Abidi, Haider, Aboulhorma, Asmaa, Abramowicz, Halina, Abreu, Henso, Abulaiti, Yiming, Abusleme, Angel, Acharya, Bobby Samir, Adam Bourdarios, Claire, Adamczyk, Leszek, Adamek, Lukas, Addepalli, Sagar, Addison, Matt, Adelman, Jahred, Adiguzel, Aytul, Adye, Tim, Affolder, Tony, Afik, Yoav, Agaras, Merve Nazlim, Agarwala, Jinky, Aggarwal, Anamika, Agheorghiesei, Catalin, Ahmad, Ammara, Ahmadov, Faig, Ahmed, Waleed Syed, Ahuja, Sudha, Ai, Xiaocong, Aielli, Giulio, Ait Tamlihat, Malak, Aitbenchikh, Brahim, Aizenberg, Iakov, Akbiyik, Melike, Akesson, Torsten, Akimov, Andrei, Akiyama, Daiya, Akolkar, Nilima Nilesh, Al Khoury, Konie, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Albert, Justin, Albicocco, Pietro, Albouy, Guillaume Lucas, Alderweireldt, Sara, Aleksa, Martin, Alexandrov, Igor, Alexa, Calin, Alexopoulos, Theodoros, Alfonsi, Alice, Alfonsi, Fabrizio, Algren, Malte, Alhroob, Muhammad, Ali, Babar, Ali, Hanadi, Ali, Shahzad, Alibocus, Samuel William, Aliev, Malik, Alimonti, Gianluca, Alkakhi, Wael, Allaire, Corentin, Allbrooke, Benedict, Allen, Julia Frances, Allendes Flores, Cristian Andres, Allport, Philip Patrick, Aloisio, Alberto, Alonso, Francisco, Alpigiani, Cristiano, Alvarez Estevez, Manuel, Alvarez Fernandez, Adrian, Alves Cardoso, Mario, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Aly, Mohamed, Do Amaral Coutinho, Yara, Ambler, Alessandro, Amelung, Christoph, Amerl, Maximilian, Ames, Christoph, Amidei, Dante, Amor dos Santos, Susana Patricia, Amos, Kieran Robert, Ananiev, Viktor, Anastopoulos, Christos, Andeen, Timothy Robert, Anders, John Kenneth, Andrean, Stefio Yosse, Andreazza, Attilio, Angelidakis, Stylianos, Angerami, Aaron, Anisenkov, Alexey, Annovi, Alberto, Antel, Claire, Anthony, Matthew Thomas, Antipov, Egor, Antonelli, Mario, Antrim, Daniel Joseph, Anulli, Fabio, Aoki, Masato, Aoki, Takumi, Aparisi Pozo, Javier Alberto, Aparo, Marco, Aperio Bella, Ludovica, Appelt, Christian, Apyan, Aram, Aranzabal Barrio, Nordin, Arcangeletti, Chiara, Arce, Ayana Tamu, Arena, Eloisa, Arguin, Jean-Francois, Argyropoulos, Spyros, Arling, Jan-Hendrik, Arnaez, Olivier, Arnold, Hannah, Arrubarrena Tame, Zulit Paola, Artoni, Giacomo, Asada, Haruka, Asai, Kanae, Asai, Shoji, Asbah, Nedaa Alexandra, Assahsah, Jihad, Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle, Astalos, Robert, Atashi, Rose, Atkin, Ryan Justin, Atkinson, Markus Julian, Atlay, Naim Bora, Atmani, Hicham, Atmasiddha, Prachi, Augsten, Kamil, Auricchio, Silvia, Auriol, Adrien, Austrup, Volker Andreas, Avolio, Giuseppe, Axiotis, Konstantinos, Azuelos, Georges, Babal, Dominik, Bachacou, Henri, Bachas, Konstantinos, Bachiu, Alexander, Backman, Karl Filip, Badea, Anthony, Bagnaia, Paolo, Bahmani, Marzieh, Bailey, Adam, Bailey, Virginia, Baines, John, Bakalis, Christos, Baker, Keith, Bakos, Evelin, Bakshi Gupta, Debottam, Balasubramanian, Rahul, Baldin, Evgenii, Balek, Petr, Ballabene, Eric, Balli, Fabrice, Baltes, Lisa Marie, Balunas, William Keaton, Balz, Johannes, Banas, Elzbieta, Bandieramonte, Marilena, Bandyopadhyay, Anjishnu, Bansal, Shubham, Barak, Liron, Barakat, Marawan, Barberio, Elisabetta, Barberis, Dario, Barbero, Marlon Benoit, Barbour, Gregory, Barends, Kevin Nicholas, Barillari, Teresa, Barisits, Martin, Barklow, Tim, Baron, Petr, Baron, Diego, Baroncelli, Toni, Barone, Gaetano, Barr, Alan, Barr, Jackson, Barranco Navarro, Laura, Barreiro Alonso, Fernando, Barreiro Guimaraes da Costa, Joao, Barron, Uriel, Barros, Maura, Barsov, Sergey, Bartels, Falk, Bartoldus, Rainer, Barton, Adam Edward, Bartos, Pavol, Basan, Alexander, Baselga Bacardit, Marta, Bassalat, Ahmed, Basso, Matthew Joseph, Basson, Candice Ruth, Bates, Richard, Batlamous, Souad, Batley, Richard, Batool, Binish, Battaglia, Marco, Battulga, Daariimaa, Bauce, Matteo, Bauer, Michael, Bauer, Patrick, Bazzano, Tomas, Beacham, James, Beau, Tristan, Beauchemin, Pierre-Hugues, Becherer, Fabian, Bechtle, Philip, Beck, Hans Peter, Becker, Kathrin, Beddall, Andrew, Bednyakov, Vadim, Bee, Chris, Beemster, Lars, Beermann, Thomas, Begalli, Marcia, Begel, Michael, Behera, Arabinda, Behr, Janna Katharina, Beirer, Joshua Falco, Beisiegel, Florian, Belfkir, Mohamed, Bella, Gideon, Bellagamba, Lorenzo, Bellerive, Alain, Bellos, Panagiotis, Beloborodov, Konstantin, Belyaev, Nikita, Benchekroun, Driss, Bendebba, Fatima, Benhammou, Yan, Benoit, Mathieu, Bensinger, Jim, Bentvelsen, Stan, Beresford, Lydia Audrey, Beretta, Matteo Mario, Bergeaas Kuutmann, Elin, Berger, Nicolas, Bergmann, Benedikt Ludwig, Beringer, Juerg, Bernardi, Gregorio, Bernius, Catrin, Bernlochner, Florian Urs, Bernon, Florent, Berry, Tracey, Berta, Peter, Berthold, Anne-Sophie, Bertram, Iain, Bethke, Siegfried, Betti, Alessandra, Bevan, Adrian, Bhamjee, Muaaz, Bhatta, Somadutta, Bhattacharya, Deb Sankar, Bhattarai, Prajita, Bhopatkar, Vallary Shashikant, Bi, Ran, Bianchi, Riccardo Maria, Bianco, Gianluca, Biebel, Otmar, Bielski, Rafal, Biglietti, Michela, Billoud, Thomas, Bindi, Marcello, Bingul, Ahmet, Bini, Cesare, Biondini, Alessandro, Birch-Sykes, Callum Jacob, Bird, Gareth Adam, Birman, Mattias, Biros, Marek, Bisanz, Tobias, Bisceglie, Emanuele, Biswas, Diptaparna, Bitadze, Alexander, Bjoerke, Kristian, Bloch, Ingo, Blocker, Craig, Blue, Andrew James, Blumenschein, Ulla, Blumenthal, Julian, Bobbink, Gerjan, Bobrovnikov, Viktor, Boehler, Michael, Bohm, Burkhard, Bogavac, Danijela, Bogdanchikov, Alexander, Bohm, Christian, Boisvert, Veronique, Bokan, Petar, Bold, Tomasz, Bomben, Marco, Bona, Marcella, Boonekamp, Maarten, Booth, Callum Dale, Borbely, Albert Gyorgy, Bordulev, Iurii, Borecka-Bielska, Hanna Maria, Borgna, Lucas Santiago, Borissov, Guennadi, Bortoletto, Daniela, Boscherini, Davide, Fernandez-Bosman, Martine, Bossio, Jonathan, Bouaouda, Khalil, Bouchhar, Naseem, Boudreau, Joseph, Bouhova-Thacker, Eva, Boumediene, Djamel Eddine, Bouquet, Romain, Boveia, Antonio, Boyd, Jamie, Boye, Diallo, Boyko, Igor, Bracinik, Juraj, Brahimi, Nihal, Brandt, Gerhard Immanuel, Brandt, Oleg, Braren, Frued Erik, Brau, Benjamin Paul, Brau, Jim, Schimmel Brener, Roy, Brenner, Lydia, Brenner, Richard, Bressler, Shikma, Britton, David, Britzger, Daniel Andreas, Brock, Ian, Brooijmans, Gustaaf, Brooks, William King, Brost, Elizabeth, Brown, Leesa Marea, Bruce, Laura Elaine, Bruckler, Tim Lukas, Bruckman de Renstrom, Pawel, Bruers, Ben, Bruncko, Dusan, Bruni, Alessia, Bruni, Graziano, Bruschi, Marco, Bruscino, Nello, Buanes, Trygve, Buat, Quentin, Buchin, Daniel, Buckley, Andy, Bugge, Magnar Kopangen, Bulekov, Oleg, Bullard, Brendon, Burdin, Sergey, Burgard, Carsten, Burger, Angela Maria, Burghgrave, Blake Oliver, Burlayenko, Oleksandr, Burr, Jon, Burton, Charles, Burzynski, Jackson Carl, Busch, Elena Laura, Buescher, Volker, Bussey, Peter John, Butler, John Mark, Buttar, Craig Macleod, Butterworth, Jonathan, Buttinger, Will, Buxo Vazquez, Carlos Josue, Buzykaev, Alexey, Cabras, Grazia, Cabrera Urban, Susana, Caforio, Davide, Cai, Huacheng, Cai, Yuchen, Cairo, Valentina, Cakir, Orhan, Calace, Noemi, Calafiura, Paolo, Calderini, Giovanni, Calfayan, Philippe, Callea, Giuseppe, Caloba, Luiz, Calvet, David, Calvet, Samuel, Calvet, Thomas Philippe, Calvetti, Milene, Camacho Toro, Reina Coromoto, Camarda, Stefano, Camarero Munoz, Daniel, Camarri, Paolo, Camerlingo, Maria Teresa, Cameron, David, Camincher, Clement, Campanelli, Mario, Camplani, Alessandra, Canale, Vincenzo, Canesse, Auriane, Bret Cano, Marc, Cantero Garcia, Josu, Cao, Yumeng, Capocasa, Francesca, Capua, Marcella, Carbone, Antonio, Cardarelli, Roberto, Cardenas, Juan Carlos, Cardillo, Fabio, Carli, Tancredi, Carlino, Giampaolo, Carlotto, Juan Ignacio, Carlson, Ben, Carlson, Evan Michael, Carminati, Leonardo, Carnelli, Alberto, Carnesale, Maria, Caron, Sascha, Carquin Lopez, Edson, Carra, Sonia, Carratta, Giuseppe, Carrio Argos, Fernando, Carter, Joseph, Carter, Thomas Michael, Casado Lechuga, Pilar, Caspar, Maximilian, Castiglia, Emma Grace, Castillo, Florencia Luciana, Castillo Garcia, Lucia, Castillo Gimenez, Victoria, Castro, Nuno, Catinaccio, Andrea, Catmore, James, Cavaliere, Viviana, Cavalli, Noemi, Cavasinni, Vincenzo, Cekmecelioglu, Yusuf Can, Celebi, Emre, Celli, Federico, Centonze, Martino Salomone, Cerny, Karel, Santiago Cerqueira, Augusto, Cerri, Alex, Cerrito, Lucio, Cerutti, Fabio, Cervato, Beatrice, Cervelli, Alberto, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cetin, Serkant, Chadi, Zakaria, Chakraborty, Dhiman, Chala, Mikael, Chan, Jay, Chan, Wai Yuen, Chapman, John Derek, Chapon, Emilien, Chargeishvili, Bakar, Charlton, Dave, Charman, Thomas Paul, Chatterjee, Meghranjana, Chauhan, Chainika, Chekanov, Sergei, Chekulaev, Sergey, Shelkov, G, Chen, Andy, Chen, Boping, Chen, Charlie, Chen, Huirun, Chen, Hucheng, Chen, Jing, Chen, Jiayi, Chen, Maggie, Chen, Shion, Chen, Shenjian, Chen, Xiang, Chen, Xin, Chen, Ye, Cheng, Alkaid, Cheng, Hok Chuen Tom, Cheong, Sanha, Cheplakov, Alexander, Cheremushkina, Evgeniya, Cherepanova, Elizaveta, Cherkaoui El Moursli, Rajaa, Cheu, Elliott, Cheung, 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Else, Lyubushkin, Vladimir, Lyubushkina, Tatiana, Lyukova, Mars, Ma, Hong, Ma, Kuo, Ma, Lianliang, Ma, Yanhui, Macdonell, Danika Marina, Maccarrone, Giovanni, Macdonald, Jack, Madar, Romain, Mader, Wolfgang, Maeda, Junpei, Maeno, Tadashi, Maerker, Max, Maguire, Helen Ruth, Maiboroda, Vera, Maio, Amelia, Maj, Klaudia, Majersky, Oliver, Majewski, Stephanie, Makovec, Nikola, Maksimovic, Veljko, Malaescu, Bogdan, Malecki, Pawel, Maleev, Victor, Malek, Fairouz, Mali, Miha, Malito, Davide, Mallik, Usha, Maltezos, Stavros, Malyukov, Sergey, Mamuzic, Judita, Mancini, Giada, Manco, Giulia, Mandalia, Jesal, Mandic, Igor, Manhaes de Andrade Filho, Luciano, Maniatis, Ioannis Michail, Manjarres, Joany, Mankad, Dvij, Mann, Alexander, Mansoulie, Bruno, Manzoni, Stefano, Marantis, Alexandros, Marchiori, Giovanni, Marcisovsky, Michal, Marcon, Caterina, Marinescu, Mihaela, Marjanovic, Marija, Marshall, Emma, Marshall, Zach, Marti I Garcia, Salvador, Martin, Tim, Martin, Victoria, Martin Dit Latour, 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Myers, Andrew Joel, Myers, Ava Anne, Myers, Greg, Myska, Miroslav, Nachman, Ben, Nackenhorst, Olaf, Nag, Abhishek, Nagai, Koichi, Nagano, Kunihiro, Nagle, James Lawrence, Nagy, Elemer, Nairz, Armin, Nakahama Higuchi, Yu, Nakamura, Koji, Nakkalil, Keerthi, Nanjo, Hajime, Narayan, Rohin Thampilali, Narayanan, Easwar Anand, Naryshkin, Iurii, Naseri, Mohsen, Nasri, Salah, Nass, Christian, Navarro, Gabriela Alejandra, Navarro Gonzalez, Josep, Nayak, Ranjit, Nayaz, Ab, Nechaeva, Polina, Nechansky, Filip, Nedic, Luka, Neep, Tom, Negri, Andrea, Negrini, Matteo, Nellist, Clara, Nelson, Christina, Nelson, Kevin Michael, Nemecek, Stanislav, Nessi, Marzio, Neubauer, Mark, Neuhaus, Friedemann, Neundorf, Jonas, Newhouse, Robin, Newman, Paul Richard, Ng, Chi Wing, Ng, Ying Wun Yvonne, Ngair, Badr-Eddine, Nguyen, Hoang Dai Nghia, Nickerson, Richard, Nikolaidou, Rosy, Nielsen, Jason, Niemeyer, Marcel, Niermann, Joana, Nikiforou, Nikiforos, Nikolaenko, Vladimir, Nikolic, Irena, Nikolopoulos, 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Su, Wanyun, Su, Xiaowen, Sugizaki, Kaito, Sulin, Vladimir, Sullivan, Matthew James, Sultan, D.M.S, Sultanaliyeva, Laily, Sultanov, Salekh, Sumida, Toshi, Sun, Siyuan, Sun, Shaojun, Gudnadottir, Olga, Sur, Nairit, Sutton, Mark, Suzuki, Hisanori, Svatos, Michal, Swiatlowski, Maximilian J, Swirski, Thorben, Sykora, Ivan, Sykora, Martin, Sykora, Tomas, Ta, Duc Bao, Tackmann, Kerstin, Taffard, Anyes, Tafirout, Reda, Tafoya Vargas, Juan Salvador, Takeva, Emily Petrova, Takubo, Yosuke, Talby, Mossadek, Talyshev, Alexei, Tam, Kai Chung, Tamir, Nadav Michael, Tanaka, Aoto, Tanaka, Junichi, Tanaka, Rei, Tanasini, Martino, Tao, Zhengcheng, Tapia Araya, Sebastian, Tapprogge, Stefan, Tarek, Ahmed, Tarem, Shlomit, Tariq, Khuram, Tarna, Grigore, Tartarelli, Francesco, Tas, Petr, Tasevsky, Marek, Tassi, Enrico, Tate, Aric, Tateno, Gen, Tayalati, Yahya, Taylor, Geoffrey Norman, Taylor, Wendy Jane, Teagle, Hamish Edward, Tee, Amy, Teixeira de Lima, Rafael, Teixeira-Dias, Pedro, Teoh, Jia Jian, Terashi, Koji, Terron Cuadrado, Juan, Terzo, Stefano, Testa, Marianna, Teuscher, Richard, Thaler, Alexander, Theiner, Ondrej, Themistokleous, Neofytos, Theveneaux-Pelzer, Timothee, Thielmann, Oliver, Thomas, David William, Thomas, Juergen, Thompson, Emily Anne, Thompson, Paul, Thomson, Evelyn Jean, Tian, Yusong, Tikhomirov, Vladimir, Tikhonov, Iouri, Timoshenko, Sergei, Timoshyn, Denys, Ting, Edmund Xiang Lin, Tipton, Paul Louis, Tlou, Humphry, Tnourji, Abdellah, Todome, Kazuki, Todorova, Sarka, Todt, Stefanie, Togawa, Manabu, Tojo, Junji, Tokar, Stano, Tokushuku, Katsuo, Toldaiev, Alex, Tombs, Rupert, Tomoto, Makoto, Tompkins, Lauren Alexandra, Topolnicki, Kacper Wojciech, Torrence, Eric, Torres, Heberth, Torro Pastor, Emma, Toscani, Mariana, Tosciri, Cecilia, Tost, Marc, Tovey, Daniel, Traeet, Are Sivertsen, Trandafir, Iulia-Stefania, Trefzger, Thomas, Tricoli, Alessandro, Trigger, Isabel, Trincaz-Duvoid, Sophie, Trischuk, Dominique Anderson, Trocme, Benjamin, Troncon, Clara, Truong, Thi Ngoc Loan, Trzebinski, Maciej, Trzupek, Adam, Tsai, Fang-Ying, Tsai, Meng-Ju, Tsiamis, Angelos, Tsiareshka, Pavel, Tsigaridas, Stergios, Tsirigotis, Apostolos, Tsiskaridze, Vakhtang, Tskhadadze, Edisher, Tsopoulou, Maria-Evanthia, Tsujikawa, Yoshiaki, Tsukerman, Ilia, Tsulaia, Vakhtang, Tsuno, Soshi, Tsur, Omer, Tsuri, Kimu, Tsybyshev, Dmitry, Tu, Yanjun, Tudorache, Alexandra, Tudorache, Valentina, Tuna, Alexander Naip, Turchikhin, Semen, Turk Cakir, Ilkay, Turra, Ruggero, Turtuvshin, Tulgaa, Tuts, Mike, Tzamarias, Spyros, Tzanis, Polyneikis, Tzovara, Eftychia, Uchida, Kenta, Ukegawa, Fumihiko, Ulloa Poblete, Pablo Augusto, Umaka, Ejiro Naomi, Unal, Guillaume, Unal, Mesut, Undrus, Alexander, Unel, Gokhan, Urban, Josef, Urquijo, Phillip, Usai, Giulio, Ushioda, Risa, Usman, Muhammad, Uysal, Zekeriya, Vacavant, Laurent, Vacek, Vic, Vachon, Brigitte, Vadla, Knut Oddvar Hoie, Vafeiadis, Theodoros, Vaitkus, Andrius, Valderanis, Chrysostomos, Valdes Santurio, Eduardo, Valente, Marco, Valentinetti, Sara, Valero Biot, Alberto, Valiente Moreno, Enrique, Vallier, Alexis, Valls Ferrer, Juan, van Arneman, Dylan Remberto, van Daalen, Tal Roelof, van der Graaf, Aaron, van Gemmeren, Peter, van Rijnbach, Milou, van Stroud, Samuel, van Vulpen, Ivo, Vanadia, Marco, Vandelli, Wainer, Vandenbroucke, Maxence, van de Wall, Evan Richard, Vannicola, Damiano, Vannoli, Leonardo, Vari, Riccardo, Varnes, Erich Ward, Varni, Carlo, Mete, Tulin, Varouchas, Dimitris, Varriale, Lorenzo, Varvell, Kevin, Vasile, Matei, Vaslin, Louis, Vasquez, Gerardo, Vazeille, Francois, Vazquez Schroeder, Tamara, Veatch, Jason Robert, Vecchio, Valentina, Veen, Michiel Jan, Veliscek, Iza, Veloce, Laurelle Maria, Veloso, Filipe, Veneziano, Stefano, Ventura, Andrea, Verbytskyi, Andrii, Verducci, Monica, Vergis, Christos, Verissimo de Araujo, Micael, Verkerke, Wouter, Vermeulen, Jos, Vernieri, Caterina, Vessella, Makayla, Vetterli, Michel Joseph, Vgenopoulos, Andreas, Viaux Maira, Nicolas, Vickey, Trevor, Vickey Boeriu, Oana, Viehhauser, Georg, Vigani, Luigi, Villa, Mauro, Villaplana, Miguel, Villhauer, Elena Michelle, Vilucchi, Elisabetta, Vincter, Manuella, Virdee, Govindraj Singh, Vishwakarma, Akanksha, Visibile, Andrea, Vittori, Camilla, Vivarelli, Iacopo, Vladimirov, Vangelis, Voevodina, Elena, Vogel, Fabian, Vokac, Petr, von Ahnen, Janik, von Torne, Eckhard, Vormwald, Benedikt, Vorobel, Vit, Vorobev, Konstantin, Vos, Marcel, Voss, Katharina, Vossebeld, Joost, Vozak, Matous, Vozdecky, Lubos, Vranjes, Nenad, Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija, Vreeswijk, Marcel, Vu, Ngoc Khanh, Vuillermet, Raphael, Vujinovic, Olivera, Vukotic, Ilija, Wada, Sayaka, Wagner, Cooper, Wagner, Johannes Michael, Wagner, Wolfgang, Wahdan, Shayma, Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo, Wakasa, Rena, Wakida, Moe, Walder, James William, Walker, Rodney, Walkowiak, Wolfgang, Wall, Andie, Wamorkar, Tanvi, Wang, Alex Zeng, Wang, Chen, Wang, Chenliang, Wang, Haichen, Wang, Jiawei, Wang, Renjie, Wang, Rongkun, Wang, Rui, Wang, Song-Ming, Wang, Shuanggeng, Wang, Tao, Wang, Weitao, Wang, Xin, Wang, Xiaoning, Wang, Xi, Wang, Yufeng, Wang, Yuhao, Wang, Zirui, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zhichen, Warburton, Andreas, Ward, Robert James, Warrack, Neil, Watson, Alan, Watson, Harriet, Watson, Miriam, Watton, Elliot, Watts, Gordon, Waugh, Benedict Martin, Weber, Christian, Weber, Hannsjorg, Weber, Michele, Weber, Sebastian Mario, Wei, Chuanshun, Wei, Yingjie, Weidberg, Anthony, Weik, Edison James, Weingarten, Jens, Weirich, Marcel, Weiser, Christian, Wells, Craig John, Wenaus, Torre, Wendland, Bjoern, Wengler, Thorsten, Wenke, Nina Stephanie, Wermes, Norbert, Wessels, Martin, Whalen, Kate, Wharton, Andrew Mark, White, Aaron Stephen, White, Andrew, White, Martin John, Whiteson, Daniel, Wickremasinghe, Lakmin, Wiedenmann, Werner, Wiel, Christian, Wielers, Monika, Wiglesworth, Craig, Wilbern, Daniel John, Wilkens, Henric, Williams, Daniel, Williams, Hugh, Williams, Sarah Louise, Willocq, Stephane, Wilson, Benjamin James, Windischhofer, Philipp, Winkel, Federico, Winklmeier, Frank, Winter, Benedict Tobias, Winter, Joshua Krystian, Wittgen, Matthias, Wobisch, Markus, Wolffs, Zef, Woelker, Ricardo, Wollrath, Julian, Wolter, Marcin, Wolters, Helmut, Wongel, Alicia, Worm, Steven, Wosiek, Barbara Krystyna, Wozniak, Krzysztof Wieslaw, Wozniewski, Sebastian, Wraight, Kenneth Gibb, Wu, Chonghao, Wu, Jinfei, Wu, Minlin, Wu, Mengqing, Wu, Sau Lan, Wu, Xin, Wu, Yusheng, Wu, Zhibo, Wurzinger, Jonas, Wyatt, Terry, Wynne, Benjamin Michael, Xella, Stefania, Xia, Ligang, Xia, Mingming, Xiang, Jianhuan, Xiao, Xiong, Xie, Mingzhe, Xie, Xiangyu, Xin, Shuiting, Xiong, Junwen, Xu, Da, Xu, Hao, Xu, Lailin, Xu, Riley, Xu, Tairan, Xu, Yue, Xu, Zhongyukun, Xu, Zijun, Yabsley, Bruce Donald, Yacoob, Sahal, Yamaguchi, Naoki, Yamaguchi, Yohei, Yamashita, Erika, Yamauchi, Hiroki, Yamazaki, Tomohiro, Yamazaki, Yuji, Yan, Jun, Yan, Siyuan, Yan, Zhen, Yang, Haijun, Yang, Hongtao, Yang, Siqi, Yang, Tianyi, Yang, Xiao, Yang, Xuan, Yang, Yi-Lin, Yang, Zhe, Yao, Wei-Ming, Yap, Yee Chinn, Ye, Hanfei, Ye, Hua, Ye, Jingbo, Ye, Shuwei, Ye, Xinmeng, Yeh, Yoran, Yeletskikh, Ivan, Yeo, Beom Ki, Yexley, Melissa, Yin, Pengqi, Yorita, Kohei, Younas, Sulman, Young, Christopher, Young, Charlie, Yu, Yi, Yuan, Man, Yuan, Rui, Yue, Luzhan, Zaazoua, Mohamed, Zabinski, Bartlomiej Henryk, Zaid, Estifa'A, Zakareishvili, Tamar, Zakharchuk, Nataliia, Zambito, Stefano, Zamora Saa, Jilberto Antonio, Zang, Jiaqi, Zanzi, Daniele, Zaplatilek, Ota, Zeitnitz, Christian, Zeng, Hao, Zeng, Jiancong, Zenger, Todd, Zenin, Oleg, Zenis, Tibor, Zenz, Seth, Zerradi, Soufiane, Zerwas, Dirk, Zhai, Mingjie, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Dengfeng, Zhang, Jie, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Kaili, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Shuzhou, Zhang, Tingyu, Zhang, Xiangke, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yulei, Zhang, Yuwen Ebony, Zhang, Zhicai, Zhang, Zhiqing Philippe, Zhao, Haoran, Zhao, Pingchuan, Zhao, Tongbin, Zhao, Yuzhan, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhemchugov, Alexey, Zheng, Kai, Zheng, Xiangxuan, Zheng, Zhi, Zhong, Dewen, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Hao, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, You, Zhu, Chengguang, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Yifan, Zhu, Yingchun, Zhuang, Xuai, Zhukov, Konstantin, Zhulanov, Vladimir, Zimine, Nikolai, Zinsser, Joachim, Ziolkowski, Michal, Zivkovic, Lidija, Zoccoli, Antonio, Zoch, Knut, Zorbas, Theodore, Zormpa, Olga, Zou, Wenkai, Zwalinski, Lukasz, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and ATLAS
Subjects: track data analysis, new physics, FOS: Physical sciences, ATLAS, tracks, sensitivity, charged particle, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), phase space, CERN LHC Coll, efficiency, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], vertex, primary, tracking detector, particle, long-lived, impact parameter, Particle Physics - Experiment, performance, signature
Abstract: Searches for long-lived particles (LLPs) are among the most promising avenues for discovering physics beyond the Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). However, displaced signatures are notoriously difficult to identify due to their ability to evade standard object reconstruction strategies. In particular, the default ATLAS track reconstruction applies strict pointing requirements which limit sensitivity to charged particles originating far from the primary interaction point. To recover efficiency for LLPs decaying within the tracking detector volume, the ATLAS Collaboration employs a dedicated large-radius tracking (LRT) pass with loosened pointing requirements. During Run 2 of the LHC, the LRT implementation produced many incorrectly reconstructed tracks and was therefore only deployed in small subsets of events. In preparation for LHC Run 3, ATLAS has significantly improved both standard and large-radius track reconstruction performance, allowing for LRT to run in all events. This development greatly expands the potential phase-space of LLP searches and streamlines LLP analysis workflows. This paper will highlight the above achievement and report on the readiness of the ATLAS detector for track-based LLP searches in Run 3., Comment: 44 pages in total, author list starting page 27, 14 figures, 3 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/IDTR-2021-03
Published: 2023

90. Probing displaced top quark signature at the LHC Run 3

Author: Jeremy Andrea, Daniel Bloch, Éric Conte, Douja Darej, Robin Ducrocq, Emery Nibigira, and HEP, INSPIRE
Subjects: interpretation of experiments: CERN LHC Coll, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), new physics, FOS: Physical sciences, multiplicity: high, interpretation of experiments: CMS, tracks, interpretation of experiments: ATLAS, top: decay, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), benchmark, top: signature, particle: heavy, tracking detector, particle: long-lived, supersymmetry, numerical calculations, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: In the context of prospective studies for searches of new physics at the LHC Run 3, this paper investigates the relevance of using top quarks produced from new long-lived particles, and detected in the tracker volume of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. Such a signature, referred to as displaced top quarks, leads to final states containing displaced vertices and a high multiplicity of displaced jets and tracks, thanks to the top quark decays. Therefore, it is a possible powerful tool for searching for new long-lived particles. Three simplified models based on supersymmetry are explicitly designed for the study of this signature. They differ according to the nature of the long-lived heavy particle which produces at least one top quark: electrically neutral or charged, coloured or non-coloured long-lived particle. For each model, a wide region of parameter space, consistent with a reasonable number of displaced top quarks decaying in a typical tracker volume has been probed. From this study, promising benchmarks are defined and experimental guidelines are suggested., 24 pages, 48 figures
Published: 2023

91. CLOSE CALL ON THE TRACKS.

Author: STRAHAN, MICHAEL and BENITEZ, GIO
Abstract: MICHAEL STRAHAN (ABC NEWS) (Off-camera) All right. Thank you so much for that, Juju. And now we're gonna turn to the close call on a train track. The driver of an 18-wheeler managed to escape just before a train smashed into the truck. Our Gio Benitez is back with the story. Hey, again, Gio. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Published: 2024

92. INFLUENCE OF CONTROLLED FIELD TRAFFIC ON SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS.

Author: Gutu, Dumitru, Hula, Josef, Novak, Petr, and Kovar, Stanislav
Subjects: *SOIL quality, *SOIL management, *SOIL compaction, *SOIL mechanics, AGRICULTURAL management
Abstract: A semi-operational field trial that focused on Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) was established in a ten hectare field. The experiment was established in Krinec in the Central Bohemia Region. The content of particles smaller than 0.01 mm - 38.3 %, soil type: loamy soil, the content Ct 3.12 %. The working width module was 6 meters. The experiment was conceived as a multiannual. The results of the experiment confirmed the benefit of concentration of machinery passes into permanent traffic lines in order to prevent adverse technogenic soil compaction. Apart from the beneficial effect on the soil physical characteristics and water infiltration capabilities, the concentration of passes into permanent traffic lines inflicted better work quality of soil tillage and sowing implements. Clod size and structure distribution, evenness of soil surface, degree of plant residue cover, distribution and incorporation of plant residues into soil profile can be ranked among the evaluation parameters of soil tillage quality. Within the evaluation of plant residue incorporation quality, the highest degree of plant residue incorporation into the soil profile was measured for the variant with zero passes (Variant 3), where almost 70 % of plant residues were incorporated. Within the variants with machinery passes present, the measured values were substantially lower, i.e. 26 % for Variant 1 and 17 % for Variant 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2018
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93. The effect of railways on bird diversity in farmland.

Author: Kajzer-Bonk, Joanna, Skórka, Piotr, Bonk, Maciej, Lenda, Magdalena, Rożej-Pabijan, Elżbieta, Wantuch, Marta, and Moroń, Dawid
Subjects: BIRD diversity, BIRD communities, BIRD population estimates, SPECIES diversity, BIRD populations, EMBANKMENTS, JOINT use of railroad facilities, WETLAND ecology
Abstract: With a length exceeding 210,000 km in Europe, railways are common linear features dissecting landscapes. However, the impact of railway networks on biodiversity is equivocal. In this study, we investigated the effect of railway embankments on bird diversity components in an agricultural landscape in southern Poland. Forty transects including 20 along railways and 20 as controls in open fields were established. Birds were counted twice in 2009, and environmental characteristics were estimated for each transect. Ordination techniques and generalized additive models were used to compare species composition, richness, abundance, conservation status, population trends and phylogenetic and functional diversity indices between railway and field transects. Species richness and phylogenetic diversity but not abundance nor functional diversity were higher along railway transects than along field transects. Diversity indices near railways, mostly species richness and phylogenetic diversity, were positively associated with bush cover, wet meadow cover, wetland cover and the slope of the railway but negatively associated with dry meadow cover and field cover. Our study shows that railway embankments may be beneficial for bird diversity but probably do not alter the functional properties of bird communities as much as open fields. Proper management of these linear habitats may increase their value for birds and contribute to long-term bird community persistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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94. Future characteristics of African Easterly Wave tracks.

Author: Brannan, Allison Lynn and Martin, Elinor R.
Subjects: *TROPICAL cyclones, *ATMOSPHERIC models
Abstract: African Easterly Waves (AEWs) impact Sahel rainfall and tropical cyclones (TCs). Gaining a detailed understanding of AEW behavior within global climate models can yield higher confidence in Sahel rainfall and TC projected trends. This study uses a Hovmöller tracking technique to track AEWs at 850 hPa in three reanalysis products and simulations from the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). AEW track characteristics are compared between reanalysis and CMIP5 historical simulations to establish historical biases. The resolution of the models is found to be more important in reducing biases in northern track AEWs compared to southern track AEWs, but large biases exist in the genesis and dissipation of AEWs over land and ocean. The tracking technique was then applied to future simulations (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5). Between 1980–2000 and 2080–2100, models project an average increase of 1.5 AEWs (range of − 5.0 to + 7.6 AEWs) in the northern track, including an increased frequency of higher intensity waves. Projections of southern track AEWs are more varied compared to the northern track, with a projected model mean decrease of 1.1 AEWs but with a range of − 11.5 to + 11.6 AEWs in individual models. There is an indication of a shift in seasonality of southern track AEWs towards the later summer months, which may impact the timing of the Atlantic TC season. No clear differences were found in projected changes between models characterized as having high or low biases in the historical period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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95. Influence of the Irradiation with High-Energy Xe Ions on the Structure and Photoluminescence of Silicon and Silica with InAs Nanoclusters.

Author: Komarov, F. F., Milchanin, O. V., Parkhomenko, I. N., Vlasukova, L. A., Nechaev, N. S., Skuratov, V. A., and Yuvchenko, V. N.
Subjects: *IONIC structure, *PHOTOLUMINESCENCE, *VISIBLE spectra, *ION energy, *SILICA
Abstract: The authors have given results of investigations into the structural and optical properties of InAs nanoclusters formed by the ion-implantation method in silicon and silica matrices. The influence of the heat treatment at a temperature of 900°C and of the irradiation with Xe ions with an energy of 167 MeV and a fluence of 3·1014 cm–2 on the structure and photoluminescence of the formed systems has been found. In the case of the system ″InAs in SiO2″ the irradiation with Xe ions leads to an enhancement of the intensity and a broadening of the luminescence spectrum in the visible spectral region (550–750 nm). The ordering of the nanoclusters and their stretching along the path of the Xe ions in the SiO2 matrix has been found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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96. Negative differential resistance of aged organometal/Si bilayer structures.

Author: Kiv, A., Fink, D., Munoz Hernandez, G., Vacik, J., and Hnatowicz, V.
Subjects: *HEAVY ions
Abstract: The current/voltage characteristics of some pristine and ion-irradiated organometal/Si bilayer structures that had been prepared about a decade ago were re-measured. The electronic results of these aged samples revealed the emergence of pronounced negative differential resistances with pronounced frequency and fluence dependence. Whereas for the as-prepared samples negative differential resistances had shown up only for the as-irradiated specimen but not for the pristine samples, this picture inverted after decade-long aging: Now, only the pristine samples exhibited electronic activity whereas the irradiated ones turned from rectifying to near-Ohmic with increasing SHI fluence. A tentative explanation for these findings is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
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97. Traveling, Writing and Engagement in Robyn Davidson’s Tracks

Author: Magali Sperling Beck
Subjects: travel writing, australian literature, robyn davidson, tracks, Language and Literature, English literature, PR1-9680
Abstract: In 1980, Australian writer Robyn Davidson publishes her travel narrative Tracks, in which she describes her crossing of the central Australian deserts in the late 1970’s, on foot and by herself, being accompanied only by her dog and by four camels. The narrative became an immediate success after its publication, receiving the Thomas Cook Travel Book Award, and been widely read both in Australia and worldwide. It has also become an emblematic example of contemporary travel narratives, mainly due to the fact that it is not only a book about survival or about a woman crossing a desert alone, rather elaborating on the implications between genre and gender; it is also a narrative that recuperates the political and ideological background of an important moment in Australian history. Thus, taking into consideration Davidson’s ambivalence in relation to writing about her travel experiences, in this paper, I argue that Tracks, more than celebrating the process of self-transformation in travel, lingers on the tension between its narrator’s search for freedom and her awareness regarding the responsibilities involved in engaging with cultural difference and in representing geographical crossings.
Published: 2016
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98. Objective climatology of cyclones in the Mediterranean region: a consensus view among methods with different system identification and tracking criteria

Author: Piero Lionello, Isabel F. Trigo, Victoria Gil, Margarida L. R. Liberato, Katrin M. Nissen, Joaquim G. Pinto, Christoph C. Raible, Marco Reale, Annalisa Tanzarella, Ricardo M. Trigo, Sven Ulbrich, and Uwe Ulbrich
Subjects: Mediterranean region, cyclones, automatic tracking methods, tracks, cyclogenesis, Oceanography, GC1-1581, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract: The Mediterranean storm track constitutes a well-defined branch of the North Hemisphere storm track and is characterised by small but intense features and frequent cyclogenesis. The goal of this study is to assess the level of consensus among cyclone detection and tracking methods (CDTMs), to identify robust features and to explore sources of disagreement. A set of 14 CDTMs has been applied for computing the climatology of cyclones crossing the Mediterranean region using the ERA-Interim dataset for the period 1979–2008 as common testbed. Results show large differences in actual cyclone numbers identified by different methods, but a good level of consensus on the interpretation of results regarding location, annual cycle and trends of cyclone tracks. Cyclogenesis areas such as the north-western Mediterranean, North Africa, north shore of the Levantine basin, as well as the seasonality of their maxima are robust features on which methods show a substantial agreement. Differences among methods are greatly reduced if cyclone numbers are transformed to a dimensionless index, which, in spite of disagreement on mean values and interannual variances of cyclone numbers, reveals a consensus on variability, sign and significance of trends. Further, excluding ‘weak’ and ‘slow’ cyclones from the computation of cyclone statistics improves the agreement among CDTMs. Results show significant negative trends of cyclone frequency in spring and positive trends in summer, whose contrasting effects compensate each other at annual scale, so that there is no significant long-term trend in total cyclone numbers in the Mediterranean basin in the 1979–2008 period.
Published: 2016
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99. Effective Ultramarathon Pacing Strategies on Road and Trail; A Narrative review

Author: Thornton, Owen R.
Subjects: Ultramarathons, pacing, tracks, strategies, General Medicine
Abstract: Since the first "Comrades Marathon" in 1921, ultramarathons have experienced meteoric growth. The sport of ultrarunning has recently seen a rise in both participation and spectator interest. The data from literature review have helped in It is essential for both researchers and ultramarathon runners to get an understanding of how to improve performance, which is significantly influenced by the pacing strategies utilised by participants. Pacing strategies for ultramarathon runners can vary greatly from one another depending on factors such as age, distance, level of performance, and the environment in which they are competing. It helps in overcoming the drop in speed, which is helpful when running on mountains, which is helpful when running on flat terrain, and it helps in the implementation of a precooling strategy, which is helpful for better running. However, no study has taken into account the different pacing techniques that are required for running ultramarathons on hilly terrain as opposed to running ultramarathons on level roads or tracks. In order to better help researchers, coaches, and ultramarathon competitors understand the processes and strategies of pacing on a wide variety of terrains, this review sought to synthesize effective pacing strategies on the existing literature among mountain and track ultramarathons, their resemblances and differences, and potential gaps in the literature. This review was conducted to help participants in ultramarathons more clearly comprehend the methods and pacing tactics used on a range of terrains.
Published: 2023
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100. DarkSPHERE: Exploring light dark matter with a spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory

Author: Balogh, L., Beaufort, C., Chapellier, M., Corcoran, E. C., Coquillat, J. -M., Dastgheibi-Fard, A., Deng, Y., Durnford, D., Garrah, C., Gerbier, G., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Gorel, P., Gros, M., Gros, P., Guillaudin, O., Hoppe, E. W., Katsioulas, I., Kelly, F., Knights, P., Lautridou, P., Manthos, I., Martin, R. D., Matthews, J., Muraz, J. -F., Neep, T., Nikolopoulos, K., O'Brien, P., Piro, M. -C., Rowe, N., Santos, D., Savvidis, G., Savvidis, I., Fernandez, F. Vazquez de Sola, Ward, R., Banks, E., Hamaide, L., McCabe, C., Mimasu, K., Paling, S., Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de physique subatomique et des technologies associées (SUBATECH), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), and NEWS-G
Subjects: Planck, electron, water, FOS: Physical sciences, GeV, spin, dark matter, High Energy Physics - Experiment, scale, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), gas, recoil, ionization, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], background, nucleus, scattering, nucleon, dependence, sensitivity, tracks, Boulby, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], mass, signature
Abstract: We present the conceptual design and the physics potential of DarkSPHERE, a proposed 3 m in diameter spherical proportional counter electroformed underground at the Boulby Underground Laboratory. This effort builds on the R&D performed and experience acquired by the NEWS-G Collaboration. DarkSPHERE is primarily designed to search for nuclear recoils from light dark matter in the 0.05--10 GeV mass range. Electroforming the spherical shell and the implementation of a shield based on pure water ensures a background level below 0.01 dru. These, combined with the proposed helium-isobutane gas mixture, will provide sensitivity to the spin-independent nucleon cross-section of $2\times 10^{-41} (2\times 10^{-43})$ cm$^2$ for a dark matter mass of $0.1 (1)$ GeV. The use of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture with a natural abundance of $^{13}$C provides sensitivity to spin-dependent nucleon cross-sections more than two orders of magnitude below existing constraints for dark matter lighter than 1 GeV. The characteristics of the detector also make it suitable for searches of other dark matter signatures, including scattering of MeV-scale dark matter with electrons, and super-heavy dark matter with masses around the Planck scale that leave extended ionisation tracks in the detector., 18 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2023

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