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Introduction: High-performance athletes develop an increased muscular mass, including the masticatory muscles. They tend to contract more often and with a higher intensity, which may lead to bruxism. The current study aims to analyse the incidence of bruxism throughout a Romanian group of high-performance athletes in kayak and canoe and to establish how the type of sport and training characteristics influence the tooth damage. Materials and methods: 34 high performance athletes in kayak and canoe were examined clinically and auxiliary data was collected with a questionnaire, during a sporting event in April, 2018. Data was collected regarding their dental status, facial symmetry, TMJ symptoms and training characteristics. Results and discussions: All subjects showed an increased prevalence of bruxing activity. A strong correlation between the type of performed sport and the distribution of the dental pathology was observed, with kayak athletes showing a symmetrical tooth wear, while canoe paddlers presented dental lesions predominantly on the active side of paddling. An increased prevalence of complaints related to bruxism during training and in the morning was observed. The number of years of high-performance training and the number of hours spent training during a day had an important impact on the degree of tooth wear. 91.3% of the kayak athletes displayed a symmetrical hypertrophy of the masseter muscles, while 90.9% of canoe paddlers had a unilateral hypertrophy, which coincided with the active side of the rowing. Conclusions: High performance athletes are predisposed to bruxism. The type of sport influences the distribution of tooth damage. The amount of training hours and the number of years spent practicing high-performance sport is strongly correlated with the degree of tooth wear. Although kayak and canoe are not full contact sports, the athletes should wear a sports guard both during the night and during training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient organization and functioning of a dental office in Romania depends on several factors, of which the most important are represented by the medical team professionalism on the one hand, but also by the ability of the medical facility administrator to manage the resources of the cabinet calmly and efficiently. Thus, in this paper, we tried to bring attention to several theoretical and practical aspects, some seemingly harmless, but also insignificant for dental practitioners, which may lead to an increase in the efficiency of the organization and functioning of dental practices in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most important stage in the growth rate of individuals occurs at the age of 6-12 years. The importance of this step is represented by the transition from primary dentition to permanent dentition but also the overlapping over the morphological changes in the dental arches of an increased decay index in the area of canine and temporary molars. We have tried through this material to evaluate the attitude of practitioners towards the maintenance of teeth in the support area for patients aged 6-12 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-ceramic fixed prosthetic restorations present a special aesthetic; they perfectly reproduce the texture, translucency and natural shades of the teeth, being a first choice for restoring not only the front teeth, but also those in the lateral area. In this material, several aspects are presented, regarding the technology for the obtaining of fully physiognomic, all-ceramic single-tooth fixed prosthetic restorations, mainly insisting on the stages carried out in the dental laboratory, but without omitting the clinical stages as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complete dentures made of flexible materials, especially the mandibular ones, have special qualities, such as: flexibility, high fidelity, good chemical and physical properties, translucency and comfort. Thus, this material tries to describe as briefly as possible the essential technological stages of obtaining complete mandibular dentures made of a flexible material. Also, the present material tries to highlight the role of the dental technician in the design and realization of these types of prosthetic restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The activity in the dental laboratory is extremely complex in terms of both outputs (fixed and mobile prosthetic restorations executed by dental technicians) and inputs (wide range of materials used by them). Therefore, in this paper we intend to bring to the readers' attention a number of problems faced by dental technicians in their daily activity, problems related to the illnesses they may develop, which are or are not classified as occupational diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total edentation has always been considered one of the most mutilating pathological states of the dental-maxillary apparatus as it disturbs all its functions. Thus, regardless of age, the totally edentulous patient is dis-inserted from the social environment, which may be quickly perceived as a true social handicap. Nowadays, due to the progress made in dental therapeutics, total edentation can be restored using not only mobile dentures, but also implant-supported fixed prosthetic restorations, employing modern guided bone regeneration techniques. In this context, we conducted a study on totally edentulous and in the process of becoming totally edentulous patients, to assess the enhancement of their quality of life following the use of oral implantology techniques, modern guided bone regeneration techniques included, the results being presented in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henri Joseph Lentulo was not only a famous dentist, but he was also an important inventor, whose remarkable contributions revolutionized dental practice in the first half of the twentieth century. Thus, in this material we tried to describe as succinctly as possible the activity of this exceptional Italian-French scientist, who was Dr. Henri Joesph Lentulo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sedentary behavior, both professional, occupational, and leisure, recreational, is one of the major risk factors for cardio-metabolic health and premature mortality. But we find this sedentary behavior in many of the existing professional activities in 2021, among which are the professional activities with a medical profile in the field of dentistry: specific activities of the dental office (and here we discuss dentists and dental nurses) and activities specific to the dental technique laboratory (in this case, we are talking about dental technicians). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overdenture is a type of treatment suitable for subtotal and complete edentulous patients and is characterized by making a total prosthesis, with the mucosal face embedding remaining teeth (remaining roots) or dental implants. In this material we will try to present some practical aspects, regarding retained overdenture with magnetic systems fixed in the remaining roots at the level of the dental arches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. An important role in the appearance of acute or chronic infections is played by bacterial biofilms that contain several bacterial species and that develop preferentially on inert surfaces, dead tissues and medical devices. Purpose. In this material we tried to make an interesting study, regarding the adhesion capacity of microbial biofilms characteristic of the oral cavity of human subjects on the surface of materials used for industrial scale manufacturing of dental implants: titanium and zirconium dioxide (Zirconia). Material and methods. For this study were used plates of Ti4 and zirconia, on which adhesion of different bacterial strains belonging to the species Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Klebsiella pneumonia were tested. Results and discussions. A rather high microbial load was observed on both types of materials for all types of bacterial strains studied. For certain types of strains, a lower colonization was noted in the case of zirconium dioxide compared to Ti4 surfaces. Conclusions. Although Zirconia has been reported to have a lower susceptibility to bacterial adhesion, our study contradicts this aspect specified in the literature. Both titanium and zirconium dioxide are promptly colonized by existing bacteria on the teeth left in the oral cavity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Titanium and the alloys that contain this element became in the last decade of the twentieth century almost irreplaceable materials in many biomedical fields, including dentistry. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to test and evaluate the cyto- and genotoxicity of Ti4 and Ti-6Al-4V, to obtain biomaterials with antimicrobial properties, compatible with the human body. Material and method. Ti4 and Ti-4Al-6V in powder form were analyzed using cell proliferation analysis and micronucleus test. Two concentrations of 1.5 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml were tested for each type of sample. Results and discussions. For both materials tested in the two concentrations, the presence of micronuclei was observed, but within normal limits. Conclusions. Although the variations are within normal limits, it should be noted that for Ti-6Al-4V the incidence was higher at both concentrations than in the case of Ti4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large adherent restorations frequently need additional mechanical retention. The vital teeth may require the use of retention pins whose application require technical skills and good knowledge of the morphology of the tooth. This study compares the technical features, advantages and disadvantages of the application of self-threaded titanium pins and cemented fibreglass pins. The application of the restorative material is also analyzed, the standard technical steps having specific variations according to the type of the inserted pin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The amalgam restorations were widely used due to their undisputed qualities, but over the years, the aesthetic concept in dentistry introduced composite restorations as base level even for the posterior treatments. Sometimes, the amalgam is not fully removed and the result is a rather unusual combination of these two restorative materials. The remaining amalgam is accidentally detected during composite restorations retreatment. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the statistic distribution of this type of clinical situations detected on 258 patients from both genders that had restorative treatment during a period of 10 years. A clinical examination was first accomplished for each patient. A radiographic investigation was performed for every amalgam-composite restoration detected. Each patient was also asked to answer to a questionnaire regarding his dental history. The radiographic results and the anamnesis data were noted in a treatment sheet specially designed for this study. The results of the study were finally gathered and they represented the basis of the discussions upon the causes that led to these incorrect restorations. The conclusions indicated that the deficiencies in the initial partial removal of the amalgam, as well as the improper subsequent restoration techniques are only operator related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The features of the marginal sealing of an occlusal restoration depend on several factors, the application technique of the viscous adherent materials playing an essential part in getting a correct and long lasting sealing between the restoration material and the dental tissues. The aim of this study is the assessment of three methods of direct adherent restoration of the occlusal areas: the anatomical layering technique, the "stamp" technique and the "direct shaping in occlusion" (DSO) technique. The results show that the anatomical layering technique provided the best clinical scores even if it did not have the fastest working protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The additional humidity control in the gingival sulcus is a very important step in the working protocol of direct proximal and cervical bonded restorations. An efficient removal of the gingival fluids is one of the keys to a correct restoration with good and lasting marginal sealing. The products should also have a gentle effect over the soft tissue, without persistent gingival retraction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the four methods for additional moisture control in the proximal and cervical gingival region. The four different categories of products (cord and 10% aluminum chloride hexahydrate solution, a paste with 15% aluminum chloride and kaolin clay, a 25% aluminum chloride gel and a vinyl polysiloxane paste with 15% ammonium aluminum sulfate) have different intrinsic features and specific instructions for use. The results show that the 25% aluminum chloride had the highest clinical efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing the dento-maxillary system (DMS) from birth (the age immediately after birth) up to the age of 12, involves a multitude of changes in the structure of this system. In the age of growth a sequence of deviations from the morphology and function of the dento-maxillary system appear. Thus, in this paper, we have approached certain aspects of both theoretical and practical nature, which can interfere in the formation and development of dento-maxillary system at the age immediately after birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Romania, granting the dental emergency treatment to all categories of patients is not only a moral obligation but also an obligation regulated by law. Emergencies in the dental office are divided into two distinct categories, as follows: emergencies that can be fully assisted in a dental office, and emergencies that cannot be assisted at all in a classic dental office, the last category being sent after receiving the first aid to the most competent medical services for definitive treatment. Thus, in this paper we will refer to the theoretical and practical principles, which include the emergency treatment for the aforementioned disorders of the oral and maxillofacial region, as well as the conduct that the dental team (dentist, cabinet assistant, dental technician) must have it in such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As it is well known, the excessive consumption of sweets and carbonated drinks, are the main causes for the increase of decay incidence among adolescents and young people in Romania. Another problem faced by adolescent and young patients is tooth discoloration due to increased coffee and tobacco consumption. Thus, in this paper we tried to highlight very succinctly the harmful effects that carbonated drinks, sweets, tobacco and coffee have over time on oral and dental health, especially among adolescents and young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Romania, the granting of emergency dental treatment to all categories of patients is not only a moral obligation imposed by the Hippocratic Oath submitted at the graduation of the faculty but also an obligation regulated by law. Unfortunately, a fairly high percentage of dental practitioners in our country refuse to agree to these principles. Thus, in the first part of this study regarding the obligation to provide emergency care in dental medicine, we have tried both a systematization of the diseases where we meet the refusal of the dental practitioners to provide emergency treatment, as well as a more pronounced involvement of the dental professionals in treating these categories of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nurse in the dentist's office plays an important part in the dental medical team: dentist, nurse, dental technician. Unfortunately, most nurses working in dentistry offices in Romania are general nurses without any preliminary, theoretical and practical training in dentistry. Therefore, in this study we have proposed to support the need for professional reconversion programs for general nursing assistants in dental nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial aggressions resulting in acute or chronic infections have generated in time major problems fo r human species. Bacterial strains are present in the environment but also on the surface and within the human body. Microbial development at the passive surfaces that come in contact with the human body on medium and long term increases the risk o f developing serious infections over time. The oral cavity, one o f the body's non-sterile cavities, is a good developmental environment fo r many bacteria, about 600-800 species. Therefore, careful consideration should be given to microbial biofilms relevant to human health present in the bacterial plaque but also on the surface of various materials used in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to provide an overview of management in the dental laboratory activity. Materials and methods. The research was based on a prospective survey implemented using a questionnaire with 10 questions applied to a sample of 20 laboratories. The results obtained show the complexity of actions and decisions involved in the managerial process, with a medium and long-term action and development plan. Conclusions. The managerial plan of the dental laboratory should be based on long-term development using highly qualified staff and good communication between the laboratory and dental office. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental technician profession and working conditions are very difficult. Harsh working conditions (working position, extended static physical effort etc.) and living environment (climate) orient us toward explaining the occurrence of some physical deficiencies, occupational diseases caused by pollutants from work, which can lead to cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, mental and other diseases. Considering the need to undertake such a study, we proposed the assessment of effort capacity of this professional category (dental technician), as it enables testing of multiple functions of the body: cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, muscular strength and endurance, articular amplitude, psychovolitional states. The engagement of body in various dynamic and sustained efforts through application and compliance of strategies for practicing physical training, proved to be crucial for improving the cardio-respiratory functional performance, respectively improve aerobic fitness of dental technicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) is developed for classifying stages of the caries process and the activity status of lesions using detection codes. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the efficiency of the learning process for this system by comparing two determinations in term of scoring accuracy made by a group of examiners after a standard training programme. 180 dental students without previous ICDAS II experience participated in this study during 6 years, scoring twice, based on systems criteria, 90 digital images of clinical cases with occlusal caries in different stages of evolution. The results from initial and final determinations were compared with the golden standard generating a scoring accuracy for each code. Based on the results of this study, the ICDAS II system has a fast learning curve and may be a useful tool for dental students in identifying the clinical stages of carious lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correct proximal restoration needs a protocol which implies an adequate choice of the restorative technique and of the instruments according to the features of the clinical case. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficiency of three proximal conformation systems by the clinical and radiological assessment of the restored proximal surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The purpose of this study is to draw attention of dental medicine specialist's team on risks they are exposed to, by modifying treatment plans in order to fit medical tourism programs. Material and method. In this study a questionnaire was applied to a number of 173 dentists with differend specializations, regarding the adaption of treatment options for patients from medical tourism programs and risks posed by changes they had applied. Results. The analysis of results shows that the treatment approach for medical tourists is mostly based on a multidisciplinary team. In terms of quality of the treatment it is distinguished the use of specialists focused on specific fields of dentistry, but we must not neglect the fact that the therapeutical act is adapted to a reduced treatment time. Conclusions. For most of professionals of dental tourism, the financial aspect comes first and not the ethical aspect of medical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this material is to make aware of the potential risk factors those who work in the dental laboratory or will work there (both dental technicians and students); these external risk factors may be toxic and biologic, being able to cause diseases regarded or not as professional: potentially harming solid substances (powders), liquids and gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nurse in the dentist's office plays an important part in the dental medical team: dentist, nurse, dental technician. Unfortunately, most nurses working in dentistry offices in Romania are general nurses without any preliminary, theoretical and practical training in dentistry. Therefore, in this study we have proposed to support the need for professional reconversion programs for general nursing assistants in dental nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The harmful action of oral cavity bacteria on the teeth is exerted through the dental plaque. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify some dental plaque microorganisms and to test their sensitivity to impression materials most commonly used in dentistry. Testing was carried out using the adapted Kirby-Bauer method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computer aided implant planning and placement has been developed in the past years allowing for more efficient preoperative patient evaluation and safe restorative driven implant insertion. The use of a computer based surgical template allows to use the advantages of state-of-the-art flapless surgery including reduced postoperative pain and swelling, reduced intraoperative bleeding, preservation of soft and hard tissue and maintenance of periosteal blood supply. The aim of this prospective study was to present a predictable protocol for dental implants insertion with the use of a stereolitographic guide for flapless surgery and immediate or conventional loading based on a bone quality assessment. Material and methods: Four consecutive patients partially dentate and fully edentulous were planned and operated using a computer-aided treatment concept (R2GATE) and flapless surgery. Results: Ten implants were successfully inserted with no accidents or complications during surgery. Four implants placed at one fully mandibular edentulous patient, in type 1 and 2 bone, were immediate loaded. The six other implants were inserted in the anterior and lateral maxilla in type 2, 3 and 4 bone and were conventionally loaded for a predictable treatment outcome. All implants reached primary stability after insertion. As assessed with postoperative panoramic radiograph, all implants were placed according to the planned position, established in a prosthetic driven manner. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this pilot study, it can be stated that three-dimensional guided implant surgery improves the quality of the surgical procedure and the restorative results, enabling a very safe and predictable rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessory mental foramina represent a morphological variation found with a variable frequency in different populations. They are smaller diameter canals and foramina with a neurovascular content, usually located distally from the mental foramen. Cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) Technology allows for the detection and detailed description of the accessory mental foramina. This is a report of a clinical case where an accessory mental foramen was identified on the CBCT analysis. Careful implant planning was carried out, which allowed for an optimal implant position in relation to the neighbouring tooth and to the accessory mental foramen and canal. A monolithic zirconia crown restored an optimal function for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) in this study was to analyze the anatomy of the mental foramen and canal in a Romanian group of patients. Methods: 50 CBCT volumes of the mandible were used to study the morphology of the mental foramen and canal. The presence and position of accessory mental foramina and canals was investigated. Results: The mental foramen was located under the second lower premolar in 39% of the cases, between the two premolars in 55% of the situations and distal of the second premolar in 6% of the analyzed sites. An anterior loop was found in 50% of the cases. An accessory mental foramen was detected in 6,5% of the analyzed hemimandibles. Conclusion: CBCT technology offers valuable information on the anatomy of the mental foramen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental services market in Romania is growing and the development is not always based on careful research of the market so that the offer could reflect the desire and demand of services. The purpose of this study is outlining a marketing strategy more efficient and productive for dentistry. Materials and methods: For this study, a structured questionnaire was used, which was applied to 148 subjects. The results of the questionnaire outline a clear picture of patients' needs concerning attention given to health care from the perspective of patient preferences regarding location, atmosphere and dental treatment stimulation by offering bonuses. Conclusions: Dental treatment market is ruled by patient's income and the cost of dental treatment. Furthermore, patients respond positively to loyalty programs in dental treatment and become sensitive when educational programs are designed with interdictions or restrictive advices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational overload syndromes represent a significant occupational problem for dental technicians. The aim of this study is represented by optimization of intervention strategies specific for myoarthropod-kinetic pathology of dental technicians in order to improve stability and mobility of the spine, and increase the quality of life of these subjects. Subjects were included in two groups (experimental and control), experimental group benefit of a physical exercise program adapted to dental technician profession. Results demonstrate an improvement of all functional parameters for the experimental group and the quality of life of these subjects. A suitable kinetic program will reduce the negative effects created by prolonged improper working positions, which a dental technician is obliged to adopt in its activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims at drawing attention on the implications that chronic kidney disease (CKD) syndrome has on oral health. This extremely complex syndrome, a long-term condition, characterised by the gradual loss of the kidney excretory function and the impaired homeostasis of the internal environment, causes a series of morphological-clinical dental aspects in relation to the stage in the evolution of the underlying disease. In this paper we presented data in the literature relating to the oral manifestations of the CKD as well as some ways to prevent and manage them. Prevention and management are possible only if the stage in the evolution of the disease is precisely known. It is the same with the correct assessment of the risks that can be posed by a dental intervention, even a minimal one, for the health of the patient suffering from CKD. It is necessary that the dental practitioner should know the biological constants of the patient (bleeding time, hematorcrit, hemoglobin, prothrombin time, blood pressure etc.). Moreover, any treatment involves the nephrologist who has the patient under observation and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to highlight the clinical changes (mainly mycoses) in the tongue in patients with general conditions as well as the possible etiopathogenic mechanisms and the correlation between them and local and general risk factors. The method is represented by a rigorous study conducted on 500 patients of both genders between 2010 and 2013. General conditions as well as primary or associated lingual lesions were clinically detected in 221 patients. The results indicated a high rate of primary or associated glossitis as well as a significant number of other types of lingual disorders. The data of the study are presented in graphs and tables. The important conclusion of the paper is the high rate of primary or associated fungal glossitis in patients with a history of chronic disease, as well as the existence of comorbidity-related risk factors and aggravating local-regional factors. The rate of occurrence of other types of glossitis is significantly lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims at drawing attention on the implications that chronic kidney disease (CKD) syndrome has on oral health. This extremely complex syndrome, a long-term condition, characterised by the gradual loss of the kidney excretory function and the impaired homeostasis of the internal environment, causes a series of morphological-clinical dental aspects in relation to the stage in the evolution of the underlying disease. In this paper we presented data in the literature relating to the oral manifestations of the CKD as well as some ways to prevent and manage them. Prevention and management are possible only if the stage in the evolution of the disease is precisely known. It is the same with the correct assessment of the risks that can be posed by a dental intervention, even a minimal one, for the health of the patient suffering from CKD. It is necessary that the dental practitioner should know the biological constants of the patient (bleeding time, hematorcrit, hemoglobin, prothrombin time, blood pressure etc.). Moreover, any treatment involves the nephrologist who has the patient under observation and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to highlight the clinical changes (mainly mycoses) in the tongue in patients with general conditions as well as the possible etiopathogenic mechanisms and the correlation between them and local and general risk factors. The method is represented by a rigorous study conducted on 500 patients of both genders between 2010 and 2013. General conditions as well as primary or associated lingual lesions were clinically detected in 221 patients. The results indicated a high rate of primary or associated glossitis as well as a significant number of other types of lingual disorders. The data of the study are presented in graphs and tables. The important conclusion of the paper is the high rate of primary or associated fungal glossitis in patients with a history of chronic disease, as well as the existence of comorbidity-related risk factors and aggravating local-regional factors. The rate of occurrence of other types of glossitis is significantly lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of lateral cephalometric radiographs for the diagnosis and treatment of edentulous patient is nowadays more frequent than ever. The aim of this study is to evaluate the positions of teeth in completely dentate patients towards bone points considered to be stable in time, in order to see whether there is a reproductive relation applicable to establish the correct position of artificial teeth in edentulous patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines some aspects of the relationship between quality of life, healthcare and spirituality. In this context, the attempts to provide a comprehensive and universally accepted definition of quality of life considering its high degree of subjectivity and the fact that the term is extensively used in a wide range of contexts are presented, highlighting the importance of clarity in this regard. Moreover, the concept of health-related quality of life and the instruments used to measure it are presented. Taking into account the principle of sanctity of life, some problems and dilemmas arising from the way medical and technological knowledge should be applied to clinical care are mentioned. In conclusion, it is shown that quality of life has become an almost universal theme lately. However, being highly subjective, it is rather difficult to define and assess. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach of the topic is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurement of marginal bone is one of the most reliable criteria for establishing dental implant treatment success rate. If an implant is still in function but is not tested with respect of success criteria is considered as surviving. The aim of the present retrospective study was to evaluate long term treatment success with mandibular two-implant overdenture in fully edentulous patients by measuring the marginal bone loss on radiographs. Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 47 patients, three for each (after surgery, one week after implants loading and at 5-year follow-up) were analysed. Marginal bone loss was measured according to baseline, set at one week after implants loading. Results: 94 implants measured a marginal bone loss between 0.30 and 1.71 mm with a mean value of 0.73 (±0.19) mm, below the limit of 1.80 mm proposed according to different success criteria. Conclusions: All implants retrospectivelly evaluated are considered successful, despite of the type of retention system used for mandibular overdenture [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the purposes of oral implantology, of great importance is obtaining tissue integration of dental implants. Tissue integration consists of morphological and functional coexistence between bone and implant surface, implant that is subjected to occlusal forces. Gingival integration is to provide a barrier of soft tissue around the implant, which protects the underlying bone and prevents the access of microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to identify dental wear risk factors in the population aged 20 to 25, as well as the possibility to correlate this etiology with the localization of wear mainly at the level of specific dental areas. Method: A standardized sample group of subjects is selected, to whom a questionnaire on the main etiological factors of abrasion included in the literature is administered. For each subject, a pair of plaster models is executed; on them, an analysis shall be carried out, according to the Smith-Knight index, relating to the degree of abrasion on the four surfaces; the results shall be summarized in a Microsoft Excel 2007 database. The statistical analysis, carried out in a specialized manner with the PASW 18 software, shall identify the statistically significant associations between etiology and the occurrence of wear on specific dental groups and surfaces. Results: The etiological factors with statistical signification in the presence of wear on specific dental surfaces are represented by gender, fruit juice, carbonated drinks, vitamin C, iron based preparations, unhealthy habits, excessive teeth brushing, bruxism. Conclusions: The most frequently incriminated factor associated with the occurrence of wear lesions in young patients is represented by the consumption of juice fruit followed by bruxism, but in most of the situations, the subjects display at least 2 risk factors. There are dental surfaces whose wear is associated with specific risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to identify dental wear risk factors in the population aged 20 to 25, as well as the possibility to correlate this etiology with the localization of wear mainly at the level of specific dental areas. Method: A standardized sample group of subjects is selected, to whom a questionnaire on the main etiological factors of abrasion included in the literature is administered. For each subject, a pair of plaster models is executed; on them, an analysis shall be carried out, according to the Smith-Knight index, relating to the degree of abrasion on the four surfaces; the results shall be summarized in a Microsoft Excel 2007 database. The statistical analysis, carried out in a specialized manner with the PASW 18 software, shall identify the statistically significant associations between etiology and the occurrence of wear on specific dental groups and surfaces. Results: The etiological factors with statistical signification in the presence of wear on specific dental surfaces are represented by gender, fruit juice, carbonated drinks, vitamin C, iron based preparations, unhealthy habits, excessive teeth brushing, bruxism. Conclusions: The most frequently incriminated factor associated with the occurrence of wear lesions in young patients is represented by the consumption of juice fruit followed by bruxism, but in most of the situations, the subjects display at least 2 risk factors. There are dental surfaces whose wear is associated with specific risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of a coherent program of dental prevention in recent years led to a multiplication of the patients with edentulous affections of 6-year molar. 6-year molar is the first definitive molar which erupts on the arch. Thus, corroborating also with other local and/or social causes, there comes out an early loss of this tooth. The consequences are both in the short term, but more serious are long-term ones. In this respect, it appears occlusal dysfunctions, changes in remaining teeth positions and last but not least, changes in aesthetics. This article is based on a number of X-ray computed tomographys, with which it could establish a range of information about the quantity and quality of bone in the mandibular first molar area, taking into account the patient's age and first molar extraction time. It has been shown that bone offer is inversely proportional to the period elapsed from the moment of the first molar extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlabelled: New radiographic maxillofacial techniques, cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) are a necessity in the assessment of jaw bone offer to effectively evaluate the treatment., Aim: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate anterior mandibular area on CBCT comparing to orthopantomography (OPG)., Material and Methods: Fifty-one dental patients, aged between 20 and 77 years, were quantitatively analyzed and 81 dental patients, aged between 20 and 79 years, were qualitatively analyzed. ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analyses., Results: Strong statistical significant differences were recorded between CBCT and OPG assessments for all groups of teeth (p<0.001), when evaluation was performed on distances to mandibular base. When assessing the distance to the incisive canal, the differences were recorded only for the left canine zone. Mean densities of central incisor, lateral incisor and canine regions, were 1,400-1,425 HU, 1,212-1,224 HU, and 1,150-1,175 HU, respectively. There was a marginal statistical evidence that bone density was lower in canine zone comparing to central incisor area (p=0.08)., Conclusions: Measurements on CBCT are more accurate when compared with OPG. Bone density of central incisor region is higher. Therefore, CBCT permits the clinician to have all necessary information when planning dental implants.