Search

High spin states of 142 Sm have been investigated using the fusion-evaporation reaction 116 Cd ( 31 P, p4n )a t beam energy 148 MeV using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA). Approximately sixty new gamma transitions have been placed in the proposed level scheme, which has been extended up to ≈12.5 MeV. Several band-like structures including one dipole band and three quadrupole bands have been observed in the proposed level scheme. Lifetimes of several levels in the dipole band and quadrupole bands have been measured using doppler shift attenuation method (DSAM). The deduced B(M1) values for the dipole band have been compared with the semiclassical shears mechanism with the principle axis cranking (SPAC) model, and the dipole band has been interpreted as a magnetic rotational band. Comparisons between the experimental characteristics and cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky (CNS) calculations for the observed quadrupole bands indicate that these bands have been formed on the triaxial deformed shape of 142 Sm.

A one-pot synthesis of the globotetraose tetrasaccharide is reported. The synthetic method relies on the use of a p-methoxybenzyl ether as an in situ-removable protecting group. N-Iodosuccinimide/trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-promoted glycosylation of 2-bromoethyl-2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-4-O-(2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 5 at −45 °C with phenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-3-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside 6 gives an intermediate trisaccharide from which the p-methoxybenzyl ether is removed by allowing the reaction temperature to rise to 0 °C for 40 min. Again lowering the temperature to −45 °C, followed by addition of methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-trichloroethoxycarbonylamino-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside 8, affords the globotetraose tetrasaccharide 11 in one-pot in an excellent yield of 76%.

The high spin structure of ${}^{201}$Tl has been studied by $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopic method using the ${}^{198}$Pt(${}^{7}$Li,4$n$)${}^{201}$Tl reaction at 45 MeV beam energy. The level scheme of ${}^{201}$Tl has been considerably extended through the observation of 31 new transitions. Several new band structures have been established. The 9/2${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ oblate band has been significantly extended beyond the particle alignment frequencies. The band structures and the other excited states have been compared with the neighboring odd-$A$ Tl isotopes and with the even-even core nucleus ${}^{200}$Hg. The total Routhian surface calculations have been performed to study the deformation and shape changes as a function of spin in this nucleus.

Electron capture (EC) decay of ${}^{146}$Gd (${t}_{\frac{1}{2}}=48$ d) to the low lying states of ${}^{146}$Eu has been studied using high-resolution $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectroscopy. The ${}^{146}$Gd activity was produced by ($\ensuremath{\alpha},2n$) reaction at ${E}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=32$ MeV using a 93.8$%$ enriched ${}^{144}$Sm target. The level structure has been considerably modified from the measurement of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray singles, $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidences and decay half lives. Lifetime measurement has been performed for the 3${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ (114.06 keV) and 2${}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ (229.4 keV) levels of ${}^{146}$Eu using the mirror symmetric centroid difference (MSCD) method with LaBr${}_{3}$ (Ce) detectors. The lifetimes for these two states have been found to be 5.38 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 2.36 ps and 8.38 $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}$ 2.19 ps respectively. Shell model calculation has been performed using oxbash code in order to interpret the results.

International audience; Role of cluster structures of 7Li on reaction dynamics have been studied by performing exclusive measurements of prompt- rays from residues with scattered particles at energy, E/Vb = 1.6, with 198Pt target. Yields of the residues resulting after capture of t and 4;5;6He, corresponding to di erent excitation energies of the composite system were estimated. The results were compared with three body classical-dynamical model for breakup fusion, constrained by the measured fusion, and t capture cross-sections. The cross-section of residues from capture of and t agreed well with the prediction of the model showing dominance of the two step process - breakup fusion, while those from tightly bound 6He showed massive transfer to be the dominant mechanism.

An equatorial campaign was conducted during September 25 to October 7, 1994, to investigate the neutral and plasma dynamics in the equatorial ionosphere after sunset in relation to the day-to-day variability of the occurrence of equatorial spread F (ESF). The campaign was organized under the auspices of National Science Foundation's Multi-Instrumented Studies of the Equatorial Thermosphere Aeronomy program (MISETA), which included the Jicamarca radar, spaced-antenna satellite scintillation, digisonde, all-sky imager, and Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) measurements near the magnetic equator in Peru. During a part of the period September 27 to October 3, the Geophysics Directorate of Phillips Laboratory performed measurements away from the magnetic equator at Aguaverde, Chile (magnetic latitude: 11°S) located 800 km to the east of the Jicamarca meridian using geostationary and GPS satellite scintillation, digisonde and all-sky imager systems. The incoherent scatter radar results indicate that the postsunset enhancement of upward plasma drift, even though of the order of only 20 m s−1 during the solar minimum period, is a necessary condition for the generation of ESF. In view of the extreme difficulty of determining the neutral wind speed during the early evening hours by the FPI due to low airglow intensity, it was not possible to unequivocally associate the observed postsunset enhancements with strong eastward neutral winds. However, considering a few observations contiguous to the campaign period, it appears that such a causal relationship may exist. The scintillation drift measurements in Peru and Chile indicated that the zonal irregularity drift was smaller away from the magnetic equator, implying a variation of neutral wind with latitude. This is reproduced in the altitude variation of zonal drift observed by the Jicamarca radar. During a magnetic storm, scintillation measurements indicated that eastward drifts near the magnetic equator are accompanied by westward drifts near the anomaly peak, which is consistent with the effects of a disturbance dynamo. The campaign results indicate that in order to resolve the variability of ESF, a careful probing of neutral dynamics as a function of latitude needs to be undertaken during the postsunset period.

The synthesis is described of a globotetraose trimer in 74% yield by the reaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine with the hydrophobic squaric decyl ester glycoside of globotetraose. The synthesis was readily monitored and purified using reversed phase HPLC. Unreacted squaric decyl ester globotetraoside was recovered rendering the method highly economical.

A one-pot synthesis of the globotetraose tetrasaccharide is reported. The synthetic method relies on the use of a p-methoxybenzyl ether as an in situ-removable protecting group. N-Iodosuccinimide/trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-promoted glycosylation of 2-bromoethyl-2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-4-O-(2,3,6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 5 at −45 °C with phenyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-3-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside 6 gives an intermediate trisaccharide from which the p-methoxybenzyl ether is removed by allowing the reaction temperature to rise to 0 °C for 40 min. Again lowering the temperature to −45 °C, followed by addition of methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-trichloroethoxycarbonylamino-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside 8, affords the globotetraose tetrasaccharide 11 in one-pot in an excellent yield of 76%.

The lowest energy structures of ZnS quantum dots of different sizes have been determined by an unbiased search using genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with the density-functional tight-binding method. The GA search converges to a rather new ringlike configurations of ZnS quantum dots. We have studied the structural, electronic, and optical properties of these ringlike clusters and compared these properties with those of other reported structures of ZnS quantum dots, namely, hollow, zinc-blende, wurtzite, and rocksalt structures.

The effects of salmon calcitonin (sCT) on the secretion of 17β-estradiol (E2) were examined in female common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Vitellogenic stage fish adapted to high-Ca water were i.p. injected with vehicle, sCT, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), or hCG plus sCT. To determine whether ovarian follicles are equipped with CT receptors, a CT binding assay was conducted. In the in vitro experiments, vitellogenic follicles were incubated with stimulators and inhibitors. Administration of sCT increased the basal and hCG-stimulated E2 release in vivo and in vitro. Binding characteristics of [125I]sCT to plasma membrane preparation of carp ovarian follicles showed saturability with high-affinity (Kd=48.48 pmol/l and Bmax=1.2 pmol/mg protein). To clarify the mechanism of E2 production by sCT, in vitro effect of sCT and hCG on aromatase activity (conversion of testosterone to E2) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) gene expression in carp ovarian follicles were investigated. Salmon CT-stimulated both aromatase activity and P450arom gene expression in ovarian follicles of carp. sCT-stimulated E2 release by the ovarian follicles in vitro was augmented in the presence of dibutyryl cAMP. Inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA), SQ 22536 inhibited sCT-stimulated steroid production in a dose-dependent manner. Specific inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), NPC-15437 dihydrochloride had no inhibitory effects on sCT-induced E2 release. The present study indicates that sCT binds specifically to carp ovary and stimulates E2 production by increasing the activity of cytochrome P450 aromatase and P450arom gene expression. The results further suggest that stimulatory action of sCT on E2 production is mediated through cAMP pathway.

The inclusive energy distributions of the complex fragments (3{

Low-spin structures in Mo-86,Mo-88 were populated using the Ni-58(Ar-36, x alpha yp) heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 111 MeV. Charged particles and gamma rays were emitted ...

Paroxetine has been introduced in 1993 used for the treatment of depression, panic, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) and other related disorders. Paroxetine has the strongest inhibition of serotonin uptake but is less specific than other SSRIs. The FDA approval in adult population are Major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder. The systemic review with literatures about the clinical uses, pharmacokoinetic properties has been discussed. Its safety especially in paediatric population, various adverse effects, ACOG guidelines, FDA black box warnings are reviewed. Discontinuation reaction of Paroxetine and various adverse reactions are largely unknown to general practioners. In India this drug has been restricted to prescriptions of specialists only which limit the beneficial effects of this molecule to larger population. More awareness is required to extend benefits to general population as it is getting newer approval including use to reduce post menopausal hot flashes.

The inclusive energy distributions of fragments with Z $\ensuremath{\ge}$ 3 emitted from the bombardment of $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ by $^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$ beams with incident energies between 145 and 200 MeV have been measured in the angular range ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{lab}}~{10}^{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{50}^{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}$. Damped fragment yields in all cases have been found to be characteristic of emission from fully energy equilibrated composites; for B and C fragments, average Q values, $\ensuremath{\langle}Q\ensuremath{\rangle}$, were independent of the center-of-mass emission angle (${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{c.m}.}$), and the angular distributions followed a $~1/\mathrm{sin}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{c.m}.}$-like variation, signifying long lifetimes of the emitting dinuclear systems. Estimates of total yields of these fragments have been found to be much larger than those predicted by the standard statistical model. This may be indicative of the survival of an orbiting-like process in the $^{12}\mathrm{C}+^{20}\mathrm{Ne}$ system at these energies.

The synthesis of two rigid polycyclic secondary diamines, bis-(2,3:6,7-iminodimethylene)anthraceneand bis-(2,3:6,7-iminodimethylene)-9,10-dicarboxyethenoanthracene,by means of Diels-Alder reaction between 1,2,4,5-tetra(dibromo?methyl)benzeneand maleimides followed by imide reduction, is described. Furthermore,these two cyclic secondary diamines undergo acylation with N-protectedamino acids, thus providing functionalized, amphiphilic, and chiralbuilding blocks for incorporation into supramolecular systems.

The low-lying states of odd-odd 132 I, the 3p-3h nucleus with respect to the doubly magic 132 Sn, have been characterized from decay spectroscopy. The neutron rich Iodine and Tellurium isotopes have been produced as fission product of alpha-induced fission of 235 U and radiochemically separated. The life-time of the first excited state of 132 I have been precisely measured using LaBr3(Ce) scintillators from the decay of 132 Te. The IT decay of the high spin isomer (8 - ) in 132 I has been measured with a Low Energy Photon Spectrometer (LEPS) of segmented planar Ge detector.

Objective : The minor physical anomaly (MPA) is believed to reflect abnormal development of the CNS. The aim is to find incidence of MPA and its behavioral correlates in Down syndrome and to compare these findings with the other causes of intellectual disability and normal population. Materials and Methods : One-hundred and forty intellectually disabled people attending a tertiary care set-up and from various NGOs are included in the study. The age-matched group from normal population was also studied for comparison. MPA are assessed by using Modified Waldrop scale and behavioral abnormality by Diagnostic assessment scale for severely handicapped (DASH II scale). Results : The Down syndrome group had significantly more MPA than other two groups and most of the MPA is situated in the global head region. There is strong correlation (P < 0.001) between the various grouped items of Modified Waldrop scale. Depression subscale is correlated with anomalies in the hands (P < 0.001), feet and Waldrop total items (P < 0.005). Mania item of DASH II scale is related with anomalies around the eyes (P < 0.001). Self-injurious behavior and total Waldrop score is negatively correlated with global head. Conclusion : Down syndrome group has significantly more MPA and a pattern of correlation between MPA and behavioral abnormalities exists which necessitates a large-scale study.

Exclusive measurement of isospin (I) mixing in 32S at high temperature (T) has been performed utilizing the γ-decay of isovector giant dipole resonance (IVGDR). The degree of isospin mixing was deduced from the ratio of high energy γ-ray cross-sections of 32S and 31P populated at the same temperature and angular momentum (J). Precise temperature was determined by simultaneous measurement of nuclear level density (NLD) parameter and angular momentum. The measured Coulomb spreading width (Γ↓) seems to be independent of temperature and angular momentum. The isospin becomes a good quantum number with increase in temperature. However, when compared with the calculation at high temperature, measured isospin mixing is underpredicted by the calculations. Keywords: Isospin mixing in nuclei, Isovector giant dipole resonance, Statistical theory of nucleus, BaF2 detectors