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The article focuses on a study on the impact of solid state fermentation (SSF) by white rot fungi on the production of proteases and lignolytic enzymes in finger millet straw. Under the study, finger millet straw or Eleusine coracana has been subjected to various pretreatments which are without any pretreatment, steaming and 4% urea treatment. Results show that there was high protease activity during the first two days of fermentation.

In the light of restriction on use of certain feed additives like antibiotics, growth promoters etc, probiotics and prebiotics are emerging as potential alternative to improve rumen function. The present research was aimed to study the influence of probiotic and prebiotic on rumen fermentation of lambs maintained on complete feed block. Twelve growing Bannur lambs were divided into three groups with four animals in each. As a result of supplementation of probiotic and prebiotic, TCA precipitable N was significantly (P<0.05) improved with decrease in NPN fractions. Total viable bacteria population (no/ml of rumen liquor) increased from 10.67x108 to 30.67x108 in probiotic-supplemented lambs and to 18.83x108 in prebiotic supplemented lambs. Similarly, total protozoa population increased from 2.88x105 to 11.60x105 and 13.92x105 in probiotic- and prebiotic-supplemented lambs, respectively. Prebiotic supplementation has also shown to modulate rumen fermentation in lambs in comparison to probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a study which evaluated quality protein maize (QPM), nithyasree hybrid (NH) and commercial maize based diets on the performance of lambs. The treatment diets used in the study included ragi straw as basal feed and a concentrate mixture. Researchers concluded that the feeding and digestion trials did not reaffirm the assumption that QPM and NH based diets would result in a superior performance.

The effects of prebiotic on hindgut fermentation in pigs under in vitro system with different levels of inulin (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) added in the fermentation media (pre-digested grower diets + fecal inoculums) were studied. The digestibility and fermentation pro le were determined after 24 h incubation in shaking incubator (39±10C) were reported in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents research which examined the influence of prebiotic on nutrient utilization of total mixed ration (TMR). The researchers have collected rumen liquor two hours after providing feed and water from the adult fistulated cattle. They found that inherently ragi straw has high neutral detergent fiber and low protein content just like other residues of agricultural crop.

The article presents a study that evaluates the nutritional composition of Moringa leaves and its effects on rumen metabolic profile. The study is undertaken through collecting Moringa leaves and the use of chemical analysis to determine various rumen metabolites such as total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and volatile fatty acids. The results of the study reveal that Moringa leaves contain 20.36% crude protein, 6.7% ether extract and 19.45% neutral detergent fiber.