Search

Non-pharmaceutical interventions including physical distancing and restriction on public gatherings were the cornerstone in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, in the absence of effective vaccines and available treatment options. Many sport mega-events and sport leagues were canceled or indefinitely postponed, leaving stadiums globally empty or converted to be used as part of the COVID-19 response. There were calls for exit strategies to be developed. With the early containment of COVID-19 in South Australia, various restrictions were lifted in a staged and controlled manner, including the reopening of the Adelaide Oval for recommencement of sport leagues with spectator attendance. This involved the collaboration between public health authorities, other governmental agencies, Adelaide Oval Stadium Management Authority, various sporting leagues etc. Recommencement of sport leagues with staged increase in number of attending spectators allowed various measures to be introduced, revisited, and implemented accordingly, demonstrating that a case-by-case risk assessment can be conducted for mega-events during COVID-19, accounting for the epidemiological context at the time. Economic impacts and non-economic benefits of this recommencement were documented. This globally unprecedented, staged and controlled approach in returning spectators to sporting events during the COVID-19 pandemic could inform the reopening strategy of stadiums, recommencement of sport leagues and mega-events all over the world before herd immunity is achieved or in the event of future outbreaks.

The author finds in the coverage of the 2009 Egypt–Algeria soccer match a number of changes in the journalistic practices of the Algerian French-language press. Popular language was powerfully present on newspaper front pages. The author suggests that the Algerian French-language press coconstructed the soccer event to promote a kind of “Algerianness” in opposition to the Arabness “self-proclaimed” in the Cairo media. The analysis is based on 97 headlines from four Algerian newspapers—two sports papers and two general-interest ones—published between November 14 and 19, 2009. The study also draws on semistructured interviews of four newspaper managers, four editors, and eight journalists conducted between 2013 and 2020.

An increasing number of sports events are taking place in wilderness and mountain areas. The Laugavegur Ultra Marathon (LUM) is one such event. It follows the 55-km (34.2-mile) route of the Laugavegur trail in the southern Icelandic highlands. The trail has been selected as one of the world's most scenic long-distance hiking trails by many of the world's leading travel media. This paper focuses on LUM runners' attitudes toward environmental issues to identify their values as a group and to examine whether there are different attitudes between Icelandic and international runners. An online survey was distributed to all participants finishing the race in 2018, a total of 553 runners; the response rate was 45.2%. The results reveal that most runners participating in LUM were running for their own personal goals and challenges, using the trail's wilderness setting as a driver to reach their target. As a group, the runners had relatively ecocentric orientations. With regard to environmental values, however, there was a large difference between Icelandic and international runners. The Icelandic runners significantly favored anthropocentric orientations, preferring more infrastructure and services along the route, compared with international runners, who preferred the wild character of the route. When it comes to planning sports events in natural settings, such as mountain marathons in wilderness areas, it is important to raise the environmental awareness of both users and event organizers. Moreover, to sustain the wilderness character of the trail, it is beneficial to attract more runners who have an ecocentric view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has paralysed the global economy, forcing the cancellation of many sports events around the world. Faced with this new situation of normality in professional sports events, this study examines the perceived social impact of a post-COVID-19 professional cycling event, assessing the influence of fear and health concerns on residents' perception. The sample was made up of a total of 349 residents, 62.8% male and 37.2% female with an average age of 40. A resident's social impact perception questionnaire was used. Data collection was carried out post-event through online surveys via Facebook. A cluster analysis was carried out taking as a dependent variable, concern or fear for health and the increase in the number of infections of COVID-19. The cluster analysis identified three groups of residents (Safe, Neutral and Unsafe), showing statistically significant differences in the residents' perceived social impact of the event between groups. The 'Safe' group valued all dimensions of social impact perception more positively than the 'Neutral' and 'Unsafe' groups. The socio-demographic profile presented differences according to gender and event attendance. The findings of this study help to better understand the social perception of residents in the host city in a pandemic situation and how fear can affect their perceptions of the event. Knowing the opinion of the residents and having their involvement and support in the organisation of sports events is a key factor for the success of these competitions in cities. In this situation of uncertainty, it is necessary to be aware of these perceptions and to develop strategies to involve the citizens in the development of these events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investments in elite sport and major sporting events are often justified in sport policy by various rationales, one of which is a 'trickle-down' effect whereby successful athletes have a positive impact on general sport participation rates. This effect is likely to be greater when hosting events, as home advantage can contribute to sporting success. The purpose of this research is to explore the possibility of a trickle-down effect on sports club membership in the United Kingdom in the context of the 2012 London Olympic Games. Secondary data were collected on sports club membership levels in 33 sports, over a ten-year period, from 2007–2016 (n = 330). Sporting success was measured by the number of gold medals won in international competitions, the number of major sport events hosted in the UK, and the results of the BBC's Sports Personality of the Year award (SPOTY). The outcomes of a dynamic panel regression analysis show a causal relationship between the trickle-down effect and sports club membership over a four-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to analyse residents' perception of the social impact of the Formula E Grand Prix of Santiago de Chile. A sample of 414 residents was collected through a questionnaire made up of 46 items regarding possible positive and negative impacts. Descriptive analysis, confirmatory factorial analysis and cluster analysis were performed. The results showed two groups with different perceptions of this sporting event: realistic (n=152) and favourable (n=162). Sociodemographic variables referring to education level, civil status, income level, location of the family residence and political orientation contribute to significantly differentiating the clusters. The variables related to interest in the event, support for the celebration, attendance, participation and frequency of contact also contributed to significantly differentiating the groups. Citizens’ high degree of support for holding the sporting event could be identified by a positive social representation of the event.

In this studies the possible social and economic impacts on former host cities based on their experience of the major sports events. An assessment of the Socio-Economic profiles of bidding for the Youth Olympic Games, helping to create a competitive advantage over competing cities in the world. Thailand has bid to host the first Youth Olympic Games 2010. This study focuses on “how to improve strategies for winning the 2026 the Youth Olympic Games bids” The studies based on Thailand hosting experience of staging major sports events, could serve as reference for Thailand to host the 2026 Youth Olympic Games. The study on the impact of hosting major sports events goes beyond the assessment of economic impacts. The games can also be leveraged for social benefits, and the study of the social impact of hosting a major sports event is relevant for Thailand. The experiences of the international games studied manifest the following possible social impacts generated by staging the event and these are the socio-cultural benefits of events which can include shared experiences, further studies been conducted on the Youth Olympic Games and other mega-events

The National and Youth National Games have been organized for several decades in Thailand, but they have never been evaluated in terms of their success or whether they meet objectives set forth by various stakeholders. In this case study, the social and economic impact of National and Youth Games towards the host city are analyzed. The major issues including technical problems, marketing and public relations problems are described. The stakeholders involved in organizing the previous Games, SAT executives and also sport associations were interviewed for possible alternative solutions to a range of challenges. The main objectives for organizing the National Games and National Youth Games consist of technical objectives and also social and economic objectives. The major issues are the disparity between the larger cities who traditionally dominate the games, and the qualification of athlete registration which allows the athlete to register to a province in three different ways either by birth place, place of education or place of work. The other challenges are little interest from foreign spectators and local citizens. It is also a concern for SAT that the value of National and Youth Games seems to be diminishing among Thai people in general. The reason may be ascribed to the rapid growth of easily accessible Satellite TV and Cable TV across the country. The solutions are not easy to implement because each alternative also has advantages and disadvantages. Some rules might benefit the smaller provinces while others might benefits the larger provinces. SAT should close the gap by providing more opportunities such as training and reinforcement for the cities that lack of resources, plans and great effort should be made all round.

Rationale/Purpose: This study examined long-term sport participation outcomes of an event leveraging strategy. Design/methodology/approach: After watching elite track cycling events at the 2015 Pan Am/Parapan Am Games, spectators (n = 176) received a voucher for a complimentary "Try the Track" trial program at the host facility. Data assessed voucher recipients' participation at the host facility one-year following the event. Analyses addressed how participation in a trial, structured, or both programs led to (or did not lead to) facility membership. Findings: Of the 176 voucher recipients, 35 participated in a program and one became a member. Results indicated participation in a trial or structured program did not lead to membership, while participation in both programs did. Practical Implications: Findings indicate the need for practitioners to communicate and engage with new participants throughout the entire leveraging process. Results demonstrate the importance of program design features and how practitioners can effectively employ event leveraging strategies to create long-term sport participation. Research Contributions: This study measures the efficacy of an event leveraging strategy to create long-term sport participation outcomes. Findings provide evidence for how event leveraging strategies can, and cannot, create desired long-term sport participation outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Varstvoslovje: Journal of Criminal Justice & Security is the property of University of Maribor, Faculty of Criminal Justice & Security and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social capital is a resource created through networks and considered to be a potential legacy of small-scale sport events. To understand the structure of social capital, the interorganisational network of a small-scale sport event was analysed longitudinally. A multiplex network analysis was used to study the structural patterns of different types of relations (business, social, and personal), their simultaneous interplay, and their evolution. The results suggest that social capital is embedded primarily in formal business network relations, centred around a governing lead organisation. The business network relations showed a significant interaction with personal relations. A strengthening of the informal personal network occurred pointing towards an event legacy that can be capitalised on. The insights help event organisers and hosting communities to better understand the structural configuration of social capital, mechanisms of its evolution and how the social capital resource can be utilised for building cooperative capacity and sustainable network development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the different experiences between local and non-local participants may help event organizers implement diverse marketing strategies for each segment, which could efficiently improve participants' experiences of the event. However, little research has compared the experiences between local and non-local participants in sport event settings. This study compares the differences between local and non-local participants in their perceived service quality of a triathlon event, examines the relationships among service quality, satisfaction, and behavioral intention, and explores the role of participants' residence status in these relationships. Data were collected from participants (N = 289) in a triathlon event held in Japan. The results indicate that local participants evaluated all service quality dimensions more positively than non-local participants. The course, ambience, achievement, and escape had positive effects on satisfaction, satisfaction had an extensively positive effect on behavioral intention, and the effect of escape on satisfaction differed between local and non-local participants. Our findings identify how local and non-local participants evaluate their event experiences differently and provide practical implications for event organizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the determinants of the length of stay (LOS) of Porto Street Stage that integrated the program of the 52nd edition of Rally de Portugal. Sport events assume an important role in the marketing of tourism destinations. However, when we compare them with other segments in tourism, it still remains underexplored. This study represents an opportunity to contribute to the literature, and it could become a significant toll for the organizers, public entities and other stakeholders. We contemplate a set of information and data that may improve the management of the future editions in a more rigorous and effective way. As we are dealing with an international event, it is an occasion to enlist tourists and promote the tourist destination. We applied a quantitative analysis and considered the sociodemographic characteristics of the spectators, factors that influenced the trip, expenses per day in the city, level of satisfaction with the event, and the intention to return. An OLS regression model, a Weibull survival model and a zero-truncated negative binomial regression model were estimated, and the results were compared. On the LOS determinants it is not common to consider the influence of each item of expenditure during the stay and the satisfaction levels with the event and different effects were observed. The travel and accommodation expenditures present a negative effect on the LOS. In the opposite side the satisfaction level and intention to return, both present a positive effect on the LOS. The sociodemographic characteristics have diverse impacts on the LOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents theoretical analysis of sport marketing definitions and the main components of modern sport marketing. The need to develop universal marketing model was proved. Sport marketing model was developed and its main components were described. In the model sport marketing was divided in two main parts commercial and non-commercial. Effective marketing concepts regarding the developed model were described. Within the commercial marketing such components as sport event, sponsorship, professional athletes, and a sport building were analyzed. The market saturation coefficient of Minsk city fitness clubs was calculated on the basis of approved technique. The author offered and proved the technique of the coefficient of the square and range factor use for calculation of population sports buildings ensuring. Among sport buildings operation of fitness clubs was thoroughly analyzed. Regarding non-commercial part of marketing practical survey of main marketing components such as the most or least age segment, main reasons of going in for fitness and it disclaimer was offered and performed. The amount of Vitebsk city residents engaged in active way of life was estimated. In the article it was logically proved that sport marketing is a wide and actual theme affecting different areas of life of modern people and society in general.

All over the world there are sport competitions, national, international or global (The Olympic Games, The World Football Championship, Women`s World Handball Championship etc.). We really know how important is the graphic representation of each sport event. That means a LOGO. This paper talks about LOGO, the main character in our research for these special events. A logo is a graphic tool allowing an easier identification of something. We have identified very interesting symbols, colours, shapes and other graphic representations which have personalized the event. As a special working direction, it was to study the logos of Olympic Summer and Winter Games along the time. The result astonished us, because we have seen various graphic representations having a lot in common. We have paid attention, also, to other sport competitions all over the world, identifying the graphics and the typology of logos used in this field. We have made „a dissection” of these representations and the conclusions were so interesting. We are convinced that our work is the beginning of a way into a special graphic universe and we have made just the first steps.

This study examines the determinants of voting behavior in the referendum for the 2026 Innsbruck-Tyrol Winter Games. Through the lens of rational choice theory, we investigate the role of proximity, elite endorsements, tourism, environment, and population characteristics using data from all 279 voting communities. The regression results show that supporting the conservative party in the National Council elections, industry emissions, and population instability are positively associated with voter turnout, while supporting the green party and temperature on voting day have a negative relationship. Communities hosting Olympic events, supporting the conservative party, and relying on winter tourism had a significantly higher share of favorable votes, while industry emissions, support for the green party, temperature, financial power, and migration balance had a negative effect. Hence, community residents voted rationally in some respects, but not in others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of mega sports events in relation to city branding has long been recognised by both academics and practitioners from a variety of functional disciplines. This paper links the concepts of city branding and sports events with that of patriotism. The study is based on a systematic literature review that results in a proposition of a conceptual framework, and a synthesis of key findings, which are presented through the proposed conceptual framework. The framework suggests that patriotic feelings enjoyed by citizens of the host city are expected to further develop and intensify in the context of a sports event, while at the same time, positively moderate the impact of the given sports event on the city brand. The implications for practitioners and academics are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism & Management Studies is the property of Escola Superior de Gestao, Hotelaria e Turismo, Universidade do Algarve and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the destination image and behaviours of marathon participants with different levels of behavioural running involvement. This study focused on the Kyoto Marathon in Japan. The survey was conducted on marathon participants. The data of marathon participants was obtained through the Kyoto Marathon 2017 runner survey website. The participants were classified into two groups by cluster analysis – those with high running involvement and those with low running involvement using their experience of marathon events and running history variables. A comprehensive destination image scale was used to assess the practical implications of a sport event. MANOVA and ANOVA were used to test the influence of running involvement on a marathon participant's destination image perceptions, place attachment, satisfaction and behavioural intentions. These results do not support the role of sport involvement in terms of the key-dependent variables of the study, namely place identity and dependence, intentions to participate in the event again and destination image perceptions. However, the influence of destination image factors and event satisfaction were still evident in their ability to predict sport event tourist intentions to revisit a sport event that is held in the same destination every year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much research in the past decade has assessed what motivates people to volunteer at sport events. Given that volunteering has become integral to the delivery and staging of sporting events, it is important that research not only considers reasons and motivations for volunteering, but how participants cope and manage once their volunteer journey ends. The paper considers the notion of 'role exit' and contributes insight based on interviews with participants after an event to understand their feelings and emotions. The significance of this research is understanding exiting emotions and experiences, but because a lot of emphasis is placed on preparing volunteers ahead of an event, the end of the volunteer journey is often abrupt and therefore left underexplored. To ensure that the needs of contemporary volunteers are adequately managed, it is important to consider how individuals are impacted by volunteering and also how they reflect on experiences afterwards. Three themes that emerge from this study include: (1) sadness and loss; (2) transitioning emotions; and (3) coping and coming to terms. A discussion framing the post-event volunteer as 'the bereaved' addresses the need to better manage the final stages of the volunteer journey, which represents a challenge given the liminality of sport event volunteering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All over the world there are sport competitions, national, international or global (The Olympic Games, The World Football Championship, Women's World Handball Championship etc.). We really know how important is the graphic representation of each sport event. That means a LOGO. This paper talks about LOGO, the main character in our research for these special events. A logo is a graphic tool allowing an easier identification of something. We have identified very interesting symbols, colours, shapes and other graphic representations which have personalized the event. As a special working direction, it was to study the logos of Olympic Summer and Winter Games along the time. The result astonished us, because we have seen various graphic representations having a lot in common. We have paid attention, also, to other sport competitions all over the world, identifying the graphics and the typology of logos used in this field. We have made „a dissection" of these representations and the conclusions were so interesting. We are convinced that our work is the beginning of a way into a special graphic universe and we have made just the first steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa, Rozmiarek Mateusz. Turystyka eventów sportowych w Poznaniu - aspekty społeczne, kulturowe i polityczne (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem turnieju UEFA EURO 2012) = Sport event tourism in poznan – social, cultural and political aspects (with the special focus on UEFA EURO 2012). Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(10):158-174. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160524 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3931 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.09.2016. Revised 24.09.2016. Accepted: 12.10.2016. TURYSTYKA EVENTÓW SPORTOWYCH W POZNANIU – ASPEKTY SPOŁECZNE, KULTUROWE I POLITYCZNE (ZE SZCZEGÓLNYM UWZGLĘDNIENIEM TURNIEJU UEFA EURO 2012) SPORT EVENT TOURISM IN POZNAN – SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS (WITH THE SPECIAL FOCUS ON UEFA EURO 2012) Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko1, Mateusz Rozmiarek2 1 Katedra Humanistycznych Podstaw Turystyki i Rekreacji, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Poznaniu Department of Cultural Basic of Tourism, University School of Physical Education In Poznań 2 Instytut Nauk Społecznych, Pracownia Olimpizmu, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie Institute of Social Sciences, Olympism Department, University of Physical Education in Kraków Słowa kluczowe: event sportowy, turystyka eventów sportowych, Poznań, UEFA EURO 2012 Key words: sport event, sport event tourism, Poznan, UEFA EURO 2012 Streszczenie Celem artykułu jest określenie potencjału turystyki eventów sportowych w Poznaniu. W pracy dokonano analizy imprez sportowych, które od kilku lat odbywają się w Poznaniu (cyklicznie lub niecyklicznie). Scharakteryzowano również ich wymiar społeczno-kulturowy oraz wybrane wątki polityczne. Szczególny nacisk położony został na opis mega-wydarzenia sportowego, które miało miejsce w stolicy Wielkopolski w 2012 roku – turnieju UEFA EURO 2012. Abstract The aim of this article is to determine the potential of sport event tourism in Poznan. The study analyzes sporting events, which for several years held in Poznan (cyclic or acyclic). Also they characterized their socio- cultural and political themes selected. Particular emphasis has been placed on the description of the mega-sporting event, which took place in the capital of Wielkopolska in 2012 - UEFA EURO 2012.