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51. Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Changseon area, Korea, and Assessment of Potential Risk to Human Health

Author

Mok, Jong Soo, primary, Yoo, Hyun Duk, additional, Kim, Poong Ho, additional, Yoon, Ho Dong, additional, Park, Young Cheol, additional, Kim, Ji Hoe, additional, Kwon, Ji Young, additional, Son, Kwang Tae, additional, Lee, Hee Jung, additional, Ha, Kwang Soo, additional, Shim, Kil Bo, additional, Jo, Mi Ra, additional, and Lee, Tae Seek, additional

Published
2014
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88. The Creep Behavior of Additively Manufactured Inconel 625.

Author

Son, Kwang‐Tae, Kassner, Michael E., and Lee, Kee Ahn

Subjects
INCONEL, JET engines, LEAD oxides, CREEP (Materials), CRYSTAL grain boundaries, EMBRITTLEMENT
Abstract

Creep tests of additively manufactured (AM) Inconel 625, both hot isostatically pressed (HIPed) and non‐HIPed, are performed at various stresses between 65 and 658 MPa at 650–800 °C. The creep behavior of AM samples are compared with that of (conventional) wrought alloys. Tests are performed over a 24 h period for initial heat‐treated samples and also after heat exposure at the service temperature of 650 °C for 6 months. The 6 month tests consist of a time‐temperature profile similar to Inconel 625 service conditions in jet engines. It is found that the creep strength of AM 625 has equal or superior creep strength at 650–800 °C compared with the wrought alloy, even after 6 months exposure to the test temperature. The HIPed AM alloys has significantly superior ductility over the non‐HIPed AM Inconel 625, as expected. However, the ductility of the HIPed AM Inconel 625 is still substantially lower than the wrought alloy, particularly at the longer exposure times to the test temperatures. The explanation for the dramatic loss of ductility is not clearly identified, but sulfur segregation to grain boundaries and relatively higher oxygen content leading to oxide embrittlement are the possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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89. Distribution of heavy metals in internal organs and tissues of Korean molluscan shellfish and potential risk to human health.

Author

Mok JS, Kwon JY, Son KT, Choi WS, Kim PH, Lee TS, and Kim JH

Subjects
Animals, Consumer Product Safety, Food Contamination, Humans, Republic of Korea, Risk Assessment, Metals, Heavy, Mollusca chemistry, Shellfish analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry
Abstract

Molluscan shellfish (gastropods and bivalves) were collected from major fish markets on the Korean coast and analyzed for mercury by direct Hg analyzer and for other metals, such as cadmium, lead, chromium, silver, nickel, copper and zinc, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Distribution of heavy metals in muscles, internal organs and whole tissues were determined and a potential risk assessment was conducted to evaluate their hazard for human consumption. Heavy metals were accumulated significantly higher (P < 0.05) in internal organs than in muscles for all species. The mean Cd level, which had the highest level of three hazardous metals (Cd, Pb, and Hg) in all internal-organ samples were above the regulatory limit of Korea and the mean level in whole tissue samples of the selected gastropod species, bay scallop and comb pen shell, exceeded the limit (except in a few cases). The sum of the estimated dietary intake of Cd, Pb and Hg for each part of all tested species accounted for 1.59-16.94, 0.02-0.36, and 0.07-0.16% respectively, of the provisional tolerable daily intake adopted by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. The hazard index for each part of gastropods and bivalves was below 1.0, however, the maximum HI for internal organs of all analysed species was quite high (0.71). These results suggest that consumption of flesh after removing the internal organs of some molluscan shellfish (all gastropod species, bay scallop and comb pen shell) is a suitable way for reducing Cd exposure.

Published
2015

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