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55. Impact of schizophrenia on anterior and posterior hippocampus during memory for complex scenes

Author

Ragland, JD, Layher, E, Hannula, DE, Niendam, TA, Lesh, TA, Solomon, M, Carter, CS, and Ranganath, C

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Schizophrenia, Brain Disorders, Mental Illness, Neurosciences, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Adult, Brain Mapping, Female, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Episodic, Spatial Memory, Young Adult, Neurocognition, Episodic memory, Eye tracking, fMRI, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

ObjectivesHippocampal dysfunction has been proposed as a mechanism for memory deficits in schizophrenia. Available evidence suggests that the anterior and posterior hippocampus could be differentially affected. Accordingly, we used fMRI to test the hypothesis that activity in posterior hippocampus is disproportionately reduced in schizophrenia, particularly during spatial memory retrieval.Methods26 healthy participants and 24 patients with schizophrenia from the UC Davis Early Psychosis Program were studied while fMRI was acquired on a 3 Tesla Siemens scanner. During encoding, participants were oriented to critical items through questions about item features (e.g., "Does the lamp have a square shade?") or spatial location (e.g., "Is the lamp on the table next to the couch?"). At test, participants determined whether scenes were changed or unchanged. fMRI analyses contrasted activation in a priori regions of interest (ROI) in anterior and posterior hippocampus during correct recognition of item changes and spatial changes.ResultsAs predicted, patients with schizophrenia exhibited reduced activation in the posterior hippocampus during detection of spatial changes but not during detection of item changes. Unexpectedly, patients exhibited increased activation of anterior hippocampus during detection of item changes. Whole brain analyses revealed reduced fronto-parietal and striatal activation in patients for spatial but not for item change trials.ConclusionsResults suggest a gradient of hippocampal dysfunction in which posterior hippocampus - which is necessary for processing fine-grained spatial relationships - is underactive, and anterior hippocampus - which may process context more globally - is overactive.

Published
2017

57. Virtual multimodal hub for patients undergoing major gastrointestinal cancer surgery (PRIORITY-CONNECT 2 Pilot) - A pilot randomised type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial

Author

Steffens, D, Koh, C, Smith, A, Mohan, H, Carey, S, Smith, S, Poulton, T, Patton, V, White, K, Laranjo, L, Dieng, M, Liu, X, Denehy, L, Wilson, K, Allman-Farinelli, M, Butow, P, Riedel, B, Morton, RL, Hassett, L, Li, Q, Delbaere, K, Hutchings, O, Martin, O, Dhillon, H, Shailer, B, Beardsworth, G, Salter, M, Cherry, K, Rubie, F, Reece, L, Chan, A, Shahab, R, Dwyer, O, Pring, K, Cunningham, D, Sheehan, K, Iori, G, Johnander, R, Cole, R, Hirst, N, Solomon, M, Steffens, D, Koh, C, Smith, A, Mohan, H, Carey, S, Smith, S, Poulton, T, Patton, V, White, K, Laranjo, L, Dieng, M, Liu, X, Denehy, L, Wilson, K, Allman-Farinelli, M, Butow, P, Riedel, B, Morton, RL, Hassett, L, Li, Q, Delbaere, K, Hutchings, O, Martin, O, Dhillon, H, Shailer, B, Beardsworth, G, Salter, M, Cherry, K, Rubie, F, Reece, L, Chan, A, Shahab, R, Dwyer, O, Pring, K, Cunningham, D, Sheehan, K, Iori, G, Johnander, R, Cole, R, Hirst, N, and Solomon, M

Published
2024

60. Simultaneous optical power insensitivity and non-volatile wavelength trimming using 2D In4/3P2Se6 integration in silicon photonics.

Author

Tamalampudi, Srinivasa Reddy, Dushaq, Ghada, Serunjogi, Solomon M., Rajput, Nitul S., and Rasras, Mahmoud S.

Subjects
OPTICAL losses, WAVELENGTHS, SILICON, INTEGRATED circuits, RESONATORS
Abstract

In integrated photonic circuits, microring resonators are essential building blocks but are susceptible to phase errors due to fabrication imperfections and optical power fluctuations. Conventional active phase tuning methods are power-intensive and challenging to integrate into densely packed photonic chips. This study proposes a solution by integrating a thin 2D layer of In4/3P2Se6 (InPSe) onto silicon microring resonators (Si-MRR). This approach mitigates sensitivity to laser power and achieves non-volatile wavelength trimming. Under bias voltage, the device exhibits electro-optic behavior, offering a non-volatile phase trimming rate of −2.62 pm/V to −4.62 pm/V, corresponding to InPSe thicknesses of 45 nm to 120 nm. Low optical losses of 0.0091 to 0.0361 dB/μm were also measured, corresponding to thicknesses of 30 nm to 120 nm. The devices demonstrate stable in-situ resonance wavelength stabilization and bidirectional trimming, ensuring cyclic stability for non-volatile phase control. This advancement enhances the performance of silicon photonics across diverse applications, facilitating high-capacity, high-power operation in compact designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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61. Randomised comparison of two household survey modules for measuring stillbirths and neonatal deaths in five countries: the Every Newborn-INDEPTH study

Author

Ayele, Tadesse Awoke, Bisetegn, Telake Bisetegn, Delwar, Nafisa, Gezie, Lemma Derseh, Gyezaho, Collins, Kaija, Judith, Machiyama, Kazuyo, Manu, Grace, Manu, Alexander A, Martins, Justiniano SD, Melese, Tesfahun, Alam, Sayed S, Nareeba, Tryphena, Hardy, Victoria Ponce, Zandoh, Charles, Arnold, Fred, Byass, Peter, Croft, Trevor, Herbst, Kobus, Kishor, Sunita Kishor, Serbanescu, Florina, Akuze, Joseph, Blencowe, Hannah, Waiswa, Peter, Baschieri, Angela, Gordeev, Vladimir S, Kwesiga, Doris, Fisker, Ane B, Thysen, Sanne M, Rodrigues, Amabelia, Biks, Gashaw A, Abebe, Solomon M, Gelaye, Kassahun A, Mengistu, Mezgebu Y, Geremew, Bisrat M, Delele, Tadesse G, Tesega, Adane K, Yitayew, Temesgen A, Kasasa, Simon, Galiwango, Edward, Natukwatsa, Davis, Kajungu, Dan, Enuameh, Yeetey AK, Nettey, Obed E, Dzabeng, Francis, Amenga-Etego, Seeba, Newton, Sam K, Tawiah, Charlotte, Asante, Kwaku P, Owusu-Agyei, Seth, Alam, Nurul, Haider, Moinuddin M, Imam, Ali, Mahmud, Kaiser, Cousens, Simon, and Lawn, Joy E

Published
2020
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62. Lessons learned from an occupational therapy programme needs assessment

Author

Abebe, Solomon M., primary, Nuri, Reshma P., additional, Montagnese, Jasmine A., additional, Lysaght, Rosemary M., additional, Krupa, Terry, additional, Mieras, Carol, additional, Yehuala, Yetnayet S., additional, Ghahari, Setareh, additional, Kessler, Dorothy, additional, Kolomitro, Klodiana, additional, Batorowicz, Beata, additional, Mzinganjira, Anushka, additional, Demissie, Solomon F., additional, Mesfin, Nebiyu, additional, and Aldersey, Heather M., additional

Published
2024
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63. Social and economic impacts of climate.

Author

Carleton, Tamma A and Hsiang, Solomon M

Subjects
Humans, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Dynamics, Adaptation, Physiological, Social Conditions, Climate Change, Health Impact Assessment, Behavioral and Social Science, General Science & Technology
Abstract

For centuries, thinkers have considered whether and how climatic conditions-such as temperature, rainfall, and violent storms-influence the nature of societies and the performance of economies. A multidisciplinary renaissance of quantitative empirical research is illuminating important linkages in the coupled climate-human system. We highlight key methodological innovations and results describing effects of climate on health, economics, conflict, migration, and demographics. Because of persistent "adaptation gaps," current climate conditions continue to play a substantial role in shaping modern society, and future climate changes will likely have additional impact. For example, we compute that temperature depresses current U.S. maize yields by ~48%, warming since 1980 elevated conflict risk in Africa by ~11%, and future warming may slow global economic growth rates by ~0.28 percentage points per year. In general, we estimate that the economic and social burden of current climates tends to be comparable in magnitude to the additional projected impact caused by future anthropogenic climate changes. Overall, findings from this literature point to climate as an important influence on the historical evolution of the global economy, they should inform how we respond to modern climatic conditions, and they can guide how we predict the consequences of future climate changes.

Published
2016

64. Potentially Extreme Population Displacement and Concentration in the Tropics Under Non-Extreme Warming

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M and Sobel, Adam H

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Climate Action, Adaptation, Physiological, Algorithms, Animals, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Global Warming, Humans, Models, Biological, Population Density, Population Dynamics, Temperature, Tropical Climate
Abstract

Evidence increasingly suggests that as climate warms, some plant, animal, and human populations may move to preserve their environmental temperature. The distances they must travel to do this depends on how much cooler nearby surfaces temperatures are. Because large-scale atmospheric dynamics constrain surface temperatures to be nearly uniform near the equator, these displacements can grow to extreme distances in the tropics, even under relatively mild warming scenarios. Here we show that in order to preserve their annual mean temperatures, tropical populations would have to travel distances greater than 1000 km over less than a century if global mean temperature rises by 2 °C over the same period. The disproportionately rapid evacuation of the tropics under such a scenario would cause migrants to concentrate in tropical margins and the subtropics, where population densities would increase 300% or more. These results may have critical consequences for ecosystem and human wellbeing in tropical contexts where alternatives to geographic displacement are limited.

Published
2016

72. The COVID-19 lockdowns: a window into the Earth System

Author

Diffenbaugh, Noah S., Field, Christopher B., Appel, Eric A., Azevedo, Ines L., Baldocchi, Dennis D., Burke, Marshall, Burney, Jennifer A., Ciais, Philippe, Davis, Steven J., Fiore, Arlene M., Fletcher, Sarah M., Hertel, Thomas W., Horton, Daniel E., Hsiang, Solomon M., Jackson, Robert B., Jin, Xiaomeng, Levi, Margaret, Lobell, David B., McKinley, Galen A., Moore, Frances C., Montgomery, Anastasia, Nadeau, Kari C., Pataki, Diane E., Randerson, James T., Reichstein, Markus, Schnell, Jordan L., Seneviratne, Sonia I., Singh, Deepti, Steiner, Allison L., and Wong-Parodi, Gabrielle

Published
2020
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73. Stoma-free survival after anastomotic leak following rectal cancer resection: worldwide cohort of 2470 patients

Author

Greijdanus, N, Wienholts, K, Ubels, S, Talboom, K, Hannink, G, Wolthuis, A, de Lacy, F, Lefevre, J, Solomon, M, Frasson, M, Rotholtz, N, Denost, Q, Perez, R, Konishi, T, Panis, Y, Rutegard, M, Hompes, R, Rosman, C, van Workum, F, Tanis, P, de Wilt, J, Bremers, A, Ferenschild, F, de Vriendt, S, D'Hoore, A, Bislenghi, G, Farguell, J, Lacy, A, Atienza, P, van Kessel, C, Parc, Y, Voron, T, Collard, M, Muriel, J, Cholewa, H, Mattioni, L, Frontali, A, Polle, S, Polat, F, Obihara, N, Vailati, B, Kusters, M, Tuynmann, J, Hazen, S, Gruter, A, Amano, T, Fujiwara, H, Salomon, M, Ruiz, H, Gonzalez, R, Estefania, D, Avellaneda, N, Carrie, A, Santillan, M, Pachajoa, D, Parodi, M, Gielis, M, Binder, A, Gurtler, T, Riedl, P, Badiani, S, Berney, C, Morgan, M, Hollington, P, da Silva, N, Nair, G, Ho, Y, Lamparelli, M, Kapadia, R, Kroon, H, Dudi-Venkata, N, Liu, J, Sammour, T, Flamey, N, Pattyn, P, Chaoui, A, Vansteenbrugge, L, van den Broek, N, Vanclooster, P, de Gheldere, C, Pletinckx, P, Defoort, B, Dewulf, M, Slavchev, M, Belev, N, Atanasov, B, Krastev, P, Sokolov, M, Maslyankov, S, Gribnev, P, Pavlov, V, Ivanov, T, Karamanliev, M, Filipov, E, Tonchev, P, Aigner, F, Mitteregger, M, Allmer, C, Seitinger, G, Colucci, N, Buchs, N, Ris, F, Toso, C, Gialamas, E, Vuagniaux, A, Chautems, R, Sauvain, M, Daester, S, von Flue, M, Guenin, M, Taha-Mehlitz, S, Hess, G, Martinek, L, Skrovina, M, Machackova, M, Bencurik, V, Uluk, D, Pratschke, J, Dittrich, L, Guel-Klein, S, Perez, D, Grass, J, Melling, N, Mueller, S, Iversen, L, Eriksen, J, Baatrup, G, Al-Najami, I, Bjorsum-Meyer, T, Teras, J, Teras, R, Monib, F, Ahmed, N, Alkady, E, Ali, A, Khedr, G, Abdelaal, A, Ashoush, F, Ewedah, M, Elshennawy, E, Hussein, M, Fernandez-Martinez, D, Garcia-Florez, L, Fernandez-Hevia, M, Suarez-Sanchez, A, Aretxabala, I, Docampo, I, Zabala, J, Tejedor, P, Morales Bernaldo de Quiros, J, Quiroga, I, Navarro-Sanchez, A, Darias, I, Fernandez, C, de La Cruz Cuadrado, C, Sanchez-Guillen, L, Lopez-Rodriguez-Arias, F, Soler-Silva, A, Arroyo, A, Bernal-Sprekelsen, J, Gomez-Abril, S, Gonzalvez, P, Torres, M, Sanchez, T, Antona, F, Lara, J, Montero, J, Mendoza-Moreno, F, Diez-Alonso, M, Matias-Garcia, B, Quiroga-Valcarcel, A, Colas-Ruiz, E, Tasende-Presedo, M, Fernandez-Hurtado, I, Cifuentes-Rodenas, J, Suarez, M, Losada, M, Hernandez, M, Alonso, A, Dieguez, B, Serralta, D, Quintana, R, Lopez, J, Pinto, F, Nieto-Moreno, E, Bonito, A, Santacruz, C, Marcos, E, Septiem, J, Calero-Lillo, A, Alanez-Saavedra, J, Munoz-Collado, S, Lopez-Lara, M, Martinez, M, Herrero, E, Borda, F, Villar, O, Escartin, J, Blas, J, Ferrer, R, Egea, J, Rodriguez-Infante, A, Minguez-Ruiz, G, Carreno-Villarreal, G, Pire-Abaitua, G, Dziakova, J, Rodriguez, C, Aranda, M, Huguet, J, Borda-Arrizabalaga, N, Enriquez-Navascues, J, Echaniz, G, Ansorena, Y, Estaire-Gomez, M, Martinez-Pinedo, C, Barbero-Valenzuela, A, Ruiz-Garcia, P, Kraft, M, Gomez-Jurado, M, Pellino, G, Espin-Basany, E, Cotte, E, Panel, N, Goutard, C, de Angelis, N, Lauka, L, Shaikh, S, Osborne, L, Ramsay, G, Nichita, V, Bhandari, S, Sarmah, P, Bethune, R, Pringle, H, Massey, L, Fowler, G, Hamid, H, de Simone, B, Kynaston, J, Bradley, N, Stienstra, R, Gurjar, S, Mukherjee, T, Chandio, A, Ahmed, S, Singh, B, Runau, F, Chaudhri, S, Siaw, O, Sarveswaran, J, Miu, V, Ashmore, D, Darwich, H, Singh-Ranger, D, Singh, N, Shaban, M, Gareb, F, Petropolou, T, Polydorou, A, Dattani, M, Afzal, A, Bavikatte, A, Sebastian, B, Ward, N, Mishra, A, Manatakis, D, Agalianos, C, Tasis, N, Antonopoulou, M, Karavokyros, I, Charalabopoulos, A, Schizas, D, Baili, E, Syllaios, A, Karydakis, L, Vailas, M, Balalis, D, Korkolis, D, Plastiras, A, Rompou, A, Xenaki, S, Xynos, E, Chrysos, E, Venianaki, M, Christodoulidis, G, Perivoliotis, K, Tzovaras, G, Baloyiannis, I, Ho, M, Ng, S, Mak, T, Futaba, K, Santak, G, Simlesa, D, Cosic, J, Zukanovic, G, Kelly, M, Larkin, J, Mccormick, P, Mehigan, B, Connelly, T, Neary, P, Ryan, J, Mccullough, P, Al-Juaifari, M, Hammoodi, H, Abbood, A, Calabro, M, Muratore, A, La Terra, A, Farnesi, F, Feo, C, Fabbri, N, Pesce, A, Fazzin, M, Roscio, F, Clerici, F, Lucchi, A, Vittori, L, Agostinelli, L, Ripoli, M, Sambucci, D, Porta, A, Sinibaldi, G, Crescentini, G, Larcinese, A, Picone, E, Persiani, R, Biondi, A, Pezzuto, R, Lorenzon, L, Rizzo, G, Coco, C, D'Agostino, L, Spinelli, A, Sacchi, M, Carvello, M, Foppa, C, Maroli, A, Palini, G, Garulli, G, Zanini, N, Delrio, P, Rega, D, Carbone, F, Aversano, A, Pirozzolo, G, Recordare, A, D'Alimonte, L, Vignotto, C, Corbellini, C, Sampietro, G, Lorusso, L, Manzo, C, Ghignone, F, Ugolini, G, Montroni, I, Pasini, F, Ballabio, M, Bisagni, P, Armao, F, Longhi, M, Ghazouani, O, Galleano, R, Tamini, N, Oldani, M, Nespoli, L, Picciariello, A, Altomare, D, Tomasicchio, G, Lantone, G, Catena, F, Giuffrida, M, Annicchiarico, A, Perrone, G, Grossi, U, Santoro, G, Zanus, G, Iacomino, A, Novello, S, Passuello, N, Zucchella, M, Puca, L, Degiuli, M, Reddavid, R, Scabini, S, Aprile, A, Soriero, D, Fioravanti, E, Rottoli, M, Romano, A, Tanzanu, M, Belvedere, A, Mariani, N, Ceretti, A, Opocher, E, Gallo, G, Sammarco, G, de Paola, G, Pucciarelli, S, Marchegiani, F, Spolverato, G, Buzzi, G, Di Saverio, S, Meroni, P, Parise, C, Bottazzoli, E, Lapolla, P, Brachini, G, Cirillo, B, Mingoli, A, Sica, G, Siragusa, L, Bellato, V, Cerbo, D, de Pasqual, C, de Manzoni, G, di Cosmo, M, Alrayes, B, Qandeel, M, Hani, M, Rabadi, A, el Muhtaseb, M, Abdeen, B, Karmi, F, Zilinskas, J, Latkauskas, T, Tamelis, A, Pikuniene, I, Slenfuktas, V, Poskus, T, Kryzauskas, M, Jakubauskas, M, Mikalauskas, S, Jakubauskiene, L, Hassan, S, Altrabulsi, A, Abdulwahed, E, Ghmagh, R, Deeknah, A, Alshareea, E, Elhadi, M, Abujamra, S, Msherghi, A, Tababa, O, Majbar, M, Souadka, A, Benkabbou, A, Mohsine, R, Echiguer, S, Moctezuma-Velazquez, P, Salgado-Nesme, N, Vergara-Fernandez, O, Sainz-Hernandez, J, Alvarez-Bautista, F, Zakaria, A, Zakaria, Z, Wong, M, Ismail, R, Ibrahim, A, Abdullah, N, Julaihi, R, Bhat, S, O'Grady, G, Bissett, I, Lamme, B, Musters, G, Dinaux, A, Grotenhuis, B, Steller, E, Aalbers, A, Leeuwenburgh, M, Rutten, H, Burger, J, Bloemen, J, Ketelaers, S, Waqar, U, Chawla, T, Rauf, H, Rani, P, Talsma, A, Scheurink, L, van Praagh, J, Segelman, J, Nygren, J, Anderin, K, Tiefenthal, M, de Andres, B, Beltran de Heredia, J, Vazquez, A, Gomez, T, Golshani, P, Kader, R, Mohamed, A, Westerterp, M, Marinelli, A, Niemer, Q, Doornebosch, P, Shapiro, J, Vermaas, M, de Graaf, E, van Westreenen, H, Zwakman, M, van Dalsen, A, Vles, W, Nonner, J, Toorenvliet, B, Janssen, P, Verdaasdonk, E, Amelung, F, Peeters, K, Bahadoer, R, Holman, F, Heemskerk, J, Vosbeek, N, Leijtens, J, Taverne, S, Heijnen, B, El-Massoudi, Y, de Groot-Van Veen, I, Hoff, C, Jou-Valencia, D, Consten, E, Burghgraef, T, Geitenbeek, R, Hulshof, L, Slooter, G, Reudink, M, Bouvy, N, Wildeboer, A, Verstappen, S, Pennings, A, van den Hengel, B, Wijma, A, de Haan, J, de Nes, L, Heesink, V, Karsten, T, Heidsma, C, Koemans, W, Dekker, J, van der Zijden, C, Roos, D, Demirkiran, A, van der Burg, S, Oosterling, S, Hoogteijling, T, Wiering, B, Smeeing, D, Havenga, K, Lutfi, H, Tsimogiannis, K, Skoldberg, F, Folkesson, J, den Boer, F, van Schaik, T, van Gerven, P, Sietses, C, Hol, J, Boerma, E, Creemers, D, Schultz, J, Frivold, T, Riis, R, Gregussen, H, Busund, S, Sjo, O, Gaard, M, Krohn, N, Ersryd, A, Leung, E, Sultan, H, Hajjaj, B, Alhisi, A, Khader, A, Mendes, A, Semiao, M, Faria, L, Azevedo, C, da Costa Devesa, H, Martins, S, Jarimba, A, Marques, S, Ferreira, R, Oliveira, A, Ferreira, C, Pereira, R, Surlin, V, Graure, G, Ramboiu, S, Negoi, I, Ciubotaru, C, Stoica, B, Tanase, I, Negoita, V, Florea, S, Macau, F, Vasile, M, Stefanescu, V, Dimofte, G, Lunca, S, Roata, C, Musina, A, Garmanova, T, Agapov, M, Markaryan, D, Eduard, G, Yanishev, A, Abelevich, A, Bazaev, A, Rodimov, S, Filimonov, V, Melnikov, A, Suchkov, I, Drozdov, E, Kostromitskiy, D, Sjostrom, O, Matthiessen, P, Baban, B, Gadan, S, Jadid, K, Staffan, M, Park, J, Rydbeck, D, Lydrup, M, Buchwald, P, Jutesten, H, Darlin, L, Lindqvist, E, Nilsson, K, Larsson, P, Jangmalm, S, Kosir, J, Tomazic, A, Grosek, J, Bozic, T, Zazo, A, Zazo, R, Fares, H, Ayoub, K, Niazi, A, Mansour, A, Abbas, A, Tantoura, M, Hamdan, A, Hassan, N, Hasan, B, Saad, A, Sebai, A, Haddad, A, Maghrebi, H, Kacem, M, Yalkin, O, Samsa, M, Atak, I, Balci, B, Haberal, E, Dogan, L, Gecim, I, Akyol, C, Koc, M, Sivrikoz, E, Piyadeoglu, D, Avanagh, D, Sokmen, S, Bisgin, T, Gunenc, E, Guzel, M, Leventoglu, S, Yuksel, O, Kozan, R, Gobut, H, Cengiz, F, Erdinc, K, Acar, N, Kamer, E, Ozgur, I, Aydin, O, Keskin, M, Bulut, M, Kulle, C, Kara, Y, Sibic, O, Ozata, I, Bugra, D, Balik, E, Cakir, M, Alhardan, A, Colak, E, Aybar, A, Sari, A, Atici, S, Kaya, T, Dursun, A, Calik, B, Ozkan, O, Ulgur, H, Duzgun, O, Monson, J, George, S, Woods, K, Al-Eryani, F, Albakry, R, Coetzee, E, Boutall, A, Herman, A, Warden, C, Mugla, N, Forgan, T, Mia, I, Lambrechts, A, Greijdanus N. G., Wienholts K., Ubels S., Talboom K., Hannink G., Wolthuis A., de Lacy F. B., Lefevre J. H., Solomon M., Frasson M., Rotholtz N., Denost Q., Perez R. O., Konishi T., Panis Y., Rutegard M., Hompes R., Rosman C., van Workum F., Tanis P. J., de Wilt J. H. W., Bremers A. J. A., Ferenschild F. T., de Vriendt S., D'Hoore A., Bislenghi G., Farguell J., Lacy A. M., Atienza P. G., van Kessel C. S., Parc Y., Voron T., Collard M. K., Muriel J. S., Cholewa H., Mattioni L. A., Frontali A., Polle S. W., Polat F., Obihara N. J., Vailati B. B., Kusters M., Tuynmann J. B., Hazen S. J. A., Gruter A. A. J., Amano T., Fujiwara H., Salomon M., Ruiz H., Gonzalez R., Estefania D., Avellaneda N., Carrie A., Santillan M., Pachajoa D. A. P., Parodi M., Gielis M., Binder A. -D., Gurtler T., Riedl P., Badiani S., Berney C., Morgan M., Hollington P., da Silva N., Nair G., Ho Y. M., Lamparelli M., Kapadia R., Kroon H. M., Dudi-Venkata N. N., Liu J., Sammour T., Flamey N., Pattyn P., Chaoui A., Vansteenbrugge L., van den Broek N. E. J., Vanclooster P., de Gheldere C., Pletinckx P., Defoort B., Dewulf M., Slavchev M., Belev N., Atanasov B., Krastev P., Sokolov M., Maslyankov S., Gribnev P., Pavlov V., Ivanov T., Karamanliev M., Filipov E., Tonchev P., Aigner F., Mitteregger M., Allmer C., Seitinger G., Colucci N., Buchs N., Ris F., Toso C., Gialamas E., Vuagniaux A., Chautems R., Sauvain M. -O., Daester S., von Flue M., Guenin M. -O., Taha-Mehlitz S., Hess G. F., Martinek L., Skrovina M., Machackova M., Bencurik V., Uluk D., Pratschke J., Dittrich L. S., Guel-Klein S., Perez D., Grass J. -K., Melling N., Mueller S., Iversen L. H., Eriksen J. D., Baatrup G., Al-Najami I., Bjorsum-Meyer T., Teras J., Teras R. M., Monib F. A., Ahmed N. E. A. E., Alkady E., Ali A. K., Khedr G. A. E., Abdelaal A. S., Ashoush F. M. B., Ewedah M., Elshennawy E. M., Hussein M., Fernandez-Martinez D., Garcia-Florez L. J., Fernandez-Hevia M., Suarez-Sanchez A., Aretxabala I. D. H., Docampo I. L., Zabala J. G., Tejedor P., Morales Bernaldo de Quiros J. T., Quiroga I. B., Navarro-Sanchez A., Darias I. S., Fernandez C. L., de La Cruz Cuadrado C., Sanchez-Guillen L., Lopez-Rodriguez-Arias F., Soler-Silva A., Arroyo A., Bernal-Sprekelsen J. C., Gomez-Abril S. A., Gonzalvez P., Torres M. T., Sanchez T. R., Antona F. B., Lara J. E. S., Montero J. A. A., Mendoza-Moreno F., Diez-Alonso M., Matias-Garcia B., Quiroga-Valcarcel A., Colas-Ruiz E., Tasende-Presedo M. M., Fernandez-Hurtado I., Cifuentes-Rodenas J. A., Suarez M. C., Losada M., Hernandez M., Alonso A., Dieguez B., Serralta D., Quintana R. E. M., Lopez J. M. G., Pinto F. L., Nieto-Moreno E., Bonito A. C., Santacruz C. C., Marcos E. B., Septiem J. G., Calero-Lillo A., Alanez-Saavedra J., Munoz-Collado S., Lopez-Lara M., Martinez M. L., Herrero E. F., Borda F. J. G., Villar O. G., Escartin J., Blas J. L., Ferrer R., Egea J. G., Rodriguez-Infante A., Minguez-Ruiz G., Carreno-Villarreal G., Pire-Abaitua G., Dziakova J., Rodriguez C. S. -C., Aranda M. J. P., Huguet J. M. M., Borda-Arrizabalaga N., Enriquez-Navascues J. M., Echaniz G. E., Ansorena Y. S., Estaire-Gomez M., Martinez-Pinedo C., Barbero-Valenzuela A., Ruiz-Garcia P., Kraft M., Gomez-Jurado M. J., Pellino G., Espin-Basany E., Cotte E., Panel N., Goutard C. -A., de Angelis N., Lauka L., Shaikh S., Osborne L., Ramsay G., Nichita V. -I., Bhandari S., Sarmah P., Bethune R. M., Pringle H. C. M., Massey L., Fowler G. E., Hamid H. K. S., de Simone B. D., Kynaston J., Bradley N., Stienstra R. M., Gurjar S., Mukherjee T., Chandio A., Ahmed S., Singh B., Runau F., Chaudhri S., Siaw O., Sarveswaran J., Miu V., Ashmore D., Darwich H., Singh-Ranger D., Singh N., Shaban M., Gareb F., Petropolou T., Polydorou A., Dattani M., Afzal A., Bavikatte A., Sebastian B., Ward N., Mishra A., Manatakis D., Agalianos C., Tasis N., Antonopoulou M. -I., Karavokyros I., Charalabopoulos A., Schizas D., Baili E., Syllaios A., Karydakis L., Vailas M., Balalis D., Korkolis D., Plastiras A., Rompou A., Xenaki S., Xynos E., Chrysos E., Venianaki M., Christodoulidis G., Perivoliotis K., Tzovaras G., Baloyiannis I., Ho M. -F., Ng S. S., Mak T. W. -C., Futaba K., Santak G., Simlesa D., Cosic J., Zukanovic G., Kelly M. E., Larkin J. O., McCormick P. H., Mehigan B. J., Connelly T. M., Neary P., Ryan J., McCullough P., Al-Juaifari M. A., Hammoodi H., Abbood A. H., Calabro M., Muratore A., La Terra A., Farnesi F., Feo C. V., Fabbri N., Pesce A., Fazzin M., Roscio F., Clerici F., Lucchi A., Vittori L., Agostinelli L., Ripoli M. C., Sambucci D., Porta A., Sinibaldi G., Crescentini G., Larcinese A., Picone E., Persiani R., Biondi A., Pezzuto R., Lorenzon L., Rizzo G., Coco C., D'Agostino L., Spinelli A., Sacchi M. M., Carvello M., Foppa C., Maroli A., Palini G. M., Garulli G., Zanini N., Delrio P., Rega D., Carbone F., Aversano A., Pirozzolo G., Recordare A., D'Alimonte L., Vignotto C., Corbellini C., Sampietro G. M., Lorusso L., Manzo C. A., Ghignone F., Ugolini G., Montroni I., Pasini F., Ballabio M., Bisagni P., Armao F. T., Longhi M., Ghazouani O., Galleano R., Tamini N., Oldani M., Nespoli L., Picciariello A., Altomare D. F., Tomasicchio G., Lantone G., Catena F., Giuffrida M., Annicchiarico A., Perrone G., Grossi U., Santoro G. A., Zanus G., Iacomino A., Novello S., Passuello N., Zucchella M., Puca L., deGiuli M., Reddavid R., Scabini S., Aprile A., Soriero D., Fioravanti E., Rottoli M., Romano A., Tanzanu M., Belvedere A., Mariani N. M., Ceretti A. P., Opocher E., Gallo G., Sammarco G., de Paola G., Pucciarelli S., Marchegiani F., Spolverato G., Buzzi G., Di Saverio S., Meroni P., Parise C., Bottazzoli E. I., Lapolla P., Brachini G., Cirillo B., Mingoli A., Sica G., Siragusa L., Bellato V., Cerbo D., de Pasqual C. A., de Manzoni G., di Cosmo M. A., Alrayes B. M. H., Qandeel M. W. M., Hani M. B., Rabadi A., el Muhtaseb M. S., Abdeen B., Karmi F., Zilinskas J., Latkauskas T., Tamelis A., Pikuniene I., Slenfuktas V., Poskus T., Kryzauskas M., Jakubauskas M., Mikalauskas S., Jakubauskiene L., Hassan S. Y., Altrabulsi A., Abdulwahed E., Ghmagh R., Deeknah A., Alshareea E., Elhadi M., Abujamra S., Msherghi A. A., Tababa O. W. E., Majbar M. A., Souadka A., Benkabbou A., Mohsine R., Echiguer S., Moctezuma-Velazquez P., Salgado-Nesme N., Vergara-Fernandez O., Sainz-Hernandez J. C., Alvarez-Bautista F. E., Zakaria A. D., Zakaria Z., Wong M. P. K., Ismail R., Ibrahim A. F., Abdullah N. A. N., Julaihi R., Bhat S., O'Grady G., Bissett I., Lamme B., Musters G. D., Dinaux A. M., Grotenhuis B. A., Steller E. J., Aalbers A. G. J., Leeuwenburgh M. M., Rutten H. J. T., Burger J. W. A., Bloemen J. G., Ketelaers S. H. J., Waqar U., Chawla T., Rauf H., Rani P., Talsma A. K., Scheurink L., van Praagh J. B., Segelman J., Nygren J., Anderin K., Tiefenthal M., de Andres B., Beltran de Heredia J. P., Vazquez A., Gomez T., Golshani P., Kader R., Mohamed A., Westerterp M., Marinelli A., Niemer Q., Doornebosch P. G., Shapiro J., Vermaas M., de Graaf E. J. R., van Westreenen H. L., Zwakman M., van Dalsen A. D., Vles W. J., Nonner J., Toorenvliet B. R., Janssen P. T. J., Verdaasdonk E. G. G., Amelung F. J., Peeters K. C. M. J., Bahadoer R. R., Holman F. A., Heemskerk J., Vosbeek N., Leijtens J. W. A., Taverne S. B. M., Heijnen B. H. M., El-Massoudi Y., de Groot-Van Veen I., Hoff C., Jou-Valencia D., Consten E. C. J., Burghgraef T. A., Geitenbeek R., Hulshof L. G. W. L., Slooter G. D., Reudink M., Bouvy N. D., Wildeboer A. C. L., Verstappen S., Pennings A. J., van den Hengel B., Wijma A. G., de Haan J., de Nes L. C. F., Heesink V., Karsten T., Heidsma C. M., Koemans W. J., Dekker J. -W. T., van der Zijden C. J., Roos D., Demirkiran A., van der Burg S., Oosterling S. J., Hoogteijling T. J., Wiering B., Smeeing D. P. J., Havenga K., Lutfi H., Tsimogiannis K., Skoldberg F., Folkesson J., den Boer F., van Schaik T. G., van Gerven P., Sietses C., Hol J. C., Boerma E. -J. G., Creemers D. M. J., Schultz J. K., Frivold T., Riis R., Gregussen H., Busund S., Sjo O. H., Gaard M., Krohn N., Ersryd A. L., Leung E., Sultan H., Hajjaj B. N., Alhisi A. J., Khader A. A. E., Mendes A. F. D., Semiao M., Faria L. Q., Azevedo C., da Costa Devesa H. M., Martins S. F., Jarimba A. M. R., Marques S. M. R., Ferreira R. M., Oliveira A., Ferreira C., Pereira R., Surlin V. M., Graure G. M., Ramboiu S. P. S. D., Negoi I., Ciubotaru C., Stoica B., Tanase I., Negoita V. M., Florea S., Macau F., Vasile M., Stefanescu V., Dimofte G. -M., Lunca S., Roata C. -E., Musina A. -M., Garmanova T., Agapov M. N., Markaryan D. G., Eduard G., Yanishev A., Abelevich A., Bazaev A., Rodimov S. V., Filimonov V. B., Melnikov A. A., Suchkov I. A., Drozdov E. S., Kostromitskiy D. N., Sjostrom O., Matthiessen P., Baban B., Gadan S., Jadid K. D., Staffan M., Park J. M., Rydbeck D., Lydrup M. -L., Buchwald P., Jutesten H., Darlin L., Lindqvist E., Nilsson K., Larsson P. -A., Jangmalm S., Kosir J. A., Tomazic A., Grosek J., Bozic T. K., Zazo A., Zazo R., Fares H., Ayoub K., Niazi A., Mansour A., Abbas A., Tantoura M., Hamdan A., Hassan N., Hasan B., Saad A., Sebai A., Haddad A., Maghrebi H., Kacem M., Yalkin O., Samsa M. V., Atak I., Balci B., Haberal E., Dogan L., Gecim I. E., Akyol C., Koc M. A., Sivrikoz E., Piyadeoglu D., Avanagh D. O., Sokmen S., Bisgin T., Gunenc E., Guzel M., Leventoglu S., Yuksel O., Kozan R., Gobut H., Cengiz F., Erdinc K., Acar N. C., Kamer E., Ozgur I., Aydin O., Keskin M., Bulut M. T., Kulle C. B., Kara Y., Sibic O., Ozata I. H., Bugra D., Balik E., Cakir M., Alhardan A., Colak E., Aybar A. B. C., Sari A. C., Atici S. D., Kaya T., Dursun A., Calik B., Ozkan O. F., Ulgur H. S., Duzgun O., Monson J., George S., Woods K., Al-Eryani F., Albakry R., Coetzee E., Boutall A., Herman A., Warden C., Mugla N., Forgan T., Mia I., Lambrechts A., Greijdanus, N, Wienholts, K, Ubels, S, Talboom, K, Hannink, G, Wolthuis, A, de Lacy, F, Lefevre, J, Solomon, M, Frasson, M, Rotholtz, N, Denost, Q, Perez, R, Konishi, T, Panis, Y, Rutegard, M, Hompes, R, Rosman, C, van Workum, F, Tanis, P, de Wilt, J, Bremers, A, Ferenschild, F, de Vriendt, S, D'Hoore, A, Bislenghi, G, Farguell, J, Lacy, A, Atienza, P, van Kessel, C, Parc, Y, Voron, T, Collard, M, Muriel, J, Cholewa, H, Mattioni, L, Frontali, A, Polle, S, Polat, F, Obihara, N, Vailati, B, Kusters, M, Tuynmann, J, Hazen, S, Gruter, A, Amano, T, Fujiwara, H, Salomon, M, Ruiz, H, Gonzalez, R, Estefania, D, Avellaneda, N, Carrie, A, Santillan, M, Pachajoa, D, Parodi, M, Gielis, M, Binder, A, Gurtler, T, Riedl, P, Badiani, S, Berney, C, Morgan, M, Hollington, P, da Silva, N, Nair, G, Ho, Y, Lamparelli, M, Kapadia, R, Kroon, H, Dudi-Venkata, N, Liu, J, Sammour, T, Flamey, N, Pattyn, P, Chaoui, A, Vansteenbrugge, L, van den Broek, N, Vanclooster, P, de Gheldere, C, Pletinckx, P, Defoort, B, Dewulf, M, Slavchev, M, Belev, N, Atanasov, B, Krastev, P, Sokolov, M, Maslyankov, S, Gribnev, P, Pavlov, V, Ivanov, T, Karamanliev, M, Filipov, E, Tonchev, P, Aigner, F, Mitteregger, M, Allmer, C, Seitinger, G, Colucci, N, Buchs, N, Ris, F, Toso, C, Gialamas, E, Vuagniaux, A, Chautems, R, Sauvain, M, Daester, S, von Flue, M, Guenin, M, Taha-Mehlitz, S, Hess, G, Martinek, L, Skrovina, M, Machackova, M, Bencurik, V, Uluk, D, Pratschke, J, Dittrich, L, Guel-Klein, S, Perez, D, Grass, J, Melling, N, Mueller, S, Iversen, L, Eriksen, J, Baatrup, G, Al-Najami, I, Bjorsum-Meyer, T, Teras, J, Teras, R, Monib, F, Ahmed, N, Alkady, E, Ali, A, Khedr, G, Abdelaal, A, Ashoush, F, Ewedah, M, Elshennawy, E, Hussein, M, Fernandez-Martinez, D, Garcia-Florez, L, Fernandez-Hevia, M, Suarez-Sanchez, A, Aretxabala, I, Docampo, I, Zabala, J, Tejedor, P, Morales Bernaldo de Quiros, J, Quiroga, I, Navarro-Sanchez, A, Darias, I, Fernandez, C, de La Cruz Cuadrado, C, Sanchez-Guillen, L, Lopez-Rodriguez-Arias, F, Soler-Silva, A, Arroyo, A, Bernal-Sprekelsen, J, Gomez-Abril, S, Gonzalvez, P, Torres, M, Sanchez, T, Antona, F, Lara, J, Montero, J, Mendoza-Moreno, F, Diez-Alonso, M, Matias-Garcia, B, Quiroga-Valcarcel, A, Colas-Ruiz, E, Tasende-Presedo, M, Fernandez-Hurtado, I, Cifuentes-Rodenas, J, Suarez, M, Losada, M, Hernandez, M, Alonso, A, Dieguez, B, Serralta, D, Quintana, R, Lopez, J, Pinto, F, Nieto-Moreno, E, Bonito, A, Santacruz, C, Marcos, E, Septiem, J, Calero-Lillo, A, Alanez-Saavedra, J, Munoz-Collado, S, Lopez-Lara, M, Martinez, M, Herrero, E, Borda, F, Villar, O, Escartin, J, Blas, J, Ferrer, R, Egea, J, Rodriguez-Infante, A, Minguez-Ruiz, G, Carreno-Villarreal, G, Pire-Abaitua, G, Dziakova, J, Rodriguez, C, Aranda, M, Huguet, J, Borda-Arrizabalaga, N, Enriquez-Navascues, J, Echaniz, G, Ansorena, Y, Estaire-Gomez, M, Martinez-Pinedo, C, Barbero-Valenzuela, A, Ruiz-Garcia, P, Kraft, M, Gomez-Jurado, M, Pellino, G, Espin-Basany, E, Cotte, E, Panel, N, Goutard, C, de Angelis, N, Lauka, L, Shaikh, S, Osborne, L, Ramsay, G, Nichita, V, Bhandari, S, Sarmah, P, Bethune, R, Pringle, H, Massey, L, Fowler, G, Hamid, H, de Simone, B, Kynaston, J, Bradley, N, Stienstra, R, Gurjar, S, Mukherjee, T, Chandio, A, Ahmed, S, Singh, B, Runau, F, Chaudhri, S, Siaw, O, Sarveswaran, J, Miu, V, Ashmore, D, Darwich, H, Singh-Ranger, D, Singh, N, Shaban, M, Gareb, F, Petropolou, T, Polydorou, A, Dattani, M, Afzal, A, Bavikatte, A, Sebastian, B, Ward, N, Mishra, A, Manatakis, D, Agalianos, C, Tasis, N, Antonopoulou, M, Karavokyros, I, Charalabopoulos, A, Schizas, D, Baili, E, Syllaios, A, Karydakis, L, Vailas, M, Balalis, D, Korkolis, D, Plastiras, A, Rompou, A, Xenaki, S, Xynos, E, Chrysos, E, Venianaki, M, Christodoulidis, G, Perivoliotis, K, Tzovaras, G, Baloyiannis, I, Ho, M, Ng, S, Mak, T, Futaba, K, Santak, G, 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Perrone, G, Grossi, U, Santoro, G, Zanus, G, Iacomino, A, Novello, S, Passuello, N, Zucchella, M, Puca, L, Degiuli, M, Reddavid, R, Scabini, S, Aprile, A, Soriero, D, Fioravanti, E, Rottoli, M, Romano, A, Tanzanu, M, Belvedere, A, Mariani, N, Ceretti, A, Opocher, E, Gallo, G, Sammarco, G, de Paola, G, Pucciarelli, S, Marchegiani, F, Spolverato, G, Buzzi, G, Di Saverio, S, Meroni, P, Parise, C, Bottazzoli, E, Lapolla, P, Brachini, G, Cirillo, B, Mingoli, A, Sica, G, Siragusa, L, Bellato, V, Cerbo, D, de Pasqual, C, de Manzoni, G, di Cosmo, M, Alrayes, B, Qandeel, M, Hani, M, Rabadi, A, el Muhtaseb, M, Abdeen, B, Karmi, F, Zilinskas, J, Latkauskas, T, Tamelis, A, Pikuniene, I, Slenfuktas, V, Poskus, T, Kryzauskas, M, Jakubauskas, M, Mikalauskas, S, Jakubauskiene, L, Hassan, S, Altrabulsi, A, Abdulwahed, E, Ghmagh, R, Deeknah, A, Alshareea, E, Elhadi, M, Abujamra, S, Msherghi, A, Tababa, O, Majbar, M, Souadka, A, Benkabbou, A, Mohsine, R, Echiguer, S, Moctezuma-Velazquez, P, Salgado-Nesme, N, Vergara-Fernandez, O, Sainz-Hernandez, J, Alvarez-Bautista, F, Zakaria, A, Zakaria, Z, Wong, M, Ismail, R, Ibrahim, A, Abdullah, N, Julaihi, R, Bhat, S, O'Grady, G, Bissett, I, Lamme, B, Musters, G, Dinaux, A, Grotenhuis, B, Steller, E, Aalbers, A, Leeuwenburgh, M, Rutten, H, Burger, J, Bloemen, J, Ketelaers, S, Waqar, U, Chawla, T, Rauf, H, Rani, P, Talsma, A, Scheurink, L, van Praagh, J, Segelman, J, Nygren, J, Anderin, K, Tiefenthal, M, de Andres, B, Beltran de Heredia, J, Vazquez, A, Gomez, T, Golshani, P, Kader, R, Mohamed, A, Westerterp, M, Marinelli, A, Niemer, Q, Doornebosch, P, Shapiro, J, Vermaas, M, de Graaf, E, van Westreenen, H, Zwakman, M, van Dalsen, A, Vles, W, Nonner, J, Toorenvliet, B, Janssen, P, Verdaasdonk, E, Amelung, F, Peeters, K, Bahadoer, R, Holman, F, Heemskerk, J, Vosbeek, N, Leijtens, J, Taverne, S, Heijnen, B, El-Massoudi, Y, de Groot-Van Veen, I, Hoff, C, Jou-Valencia, D, Consten, E, Burghgraef, T, Geitenbeek, R, Hulshof, L, Slooter, G, Reudink, M, Bouvy, N, Wildeboer, A, Verstappen, S, Pennings, A, van den Hengel, B, Wijma, A, de Haan, J, de Nes, L, Heesink, V, Karsten, T, Heidsma, C, Koemans, W, Dekker, J, van der Zijden, C, Roos, D, Demirkiran, A, van der Burg, S, Oosterling, S, Hoogteijling, T, Wiering, B, Smeeing, D, Havenga, K, Lutfi, H, Tsimogiannis, K, Skoldberg, F, Folkesson, J, den Boer, F, van Schaik, T, van Gerven, P, Sietses, C, Hol, J, Boerma, E, Creemers, D, Schultz, J, Frivold, T, Riis, R, Gregussen, H, Busund, S, Sjo, O, Gaard, M, Krohn, N, Ersryd, A, Leung, E, Sultan, H, Hajjaj, B, Alhisi, A, Khader, A, Mendes, A, Semiao, M, Faria, L, Azevedo, C, da Costa Devesa, H, Martins, S, Jarimba, A, Marques, S, Ferreira, R, Oliveira, A, Ferreira, C, Pereira, R, Surlin, V, Graure, G, Ramboiu, S, Negoi, I, Ciubotaru, C, Stoica, B, Tanase, I, Negoita, V, Florea, S, Macau, F, Vasile, M, Stefanescu, V, Dimofte, G, Lunca, S, Roata, C, Musina, A, Garmanova, T, Agapov, M, Markaryan, D, Eduard, G, Yanishev, A, Abelevich, A, Bazaev, A, Rodimov, S, Filimonov, V, Melnikov, A, Suchkov, I, Drozdov, E, Kostromitskiy, D, Sjostrom, O, Matthiessen, P, Baban, B, Gadan, S, Jadid, K, Staffan, M, Park, J, Rydbeck, D, Lydrup, M, Buchwald, P, Jutesten, H, Darlin, L, Lindqvist, E, Nilsson, K, Larsson, P, Jangmalm, S, Kosir, J, Tomazic, A, Grosek, J, Bozic, T, Zazo, A, Zazo, R, Fares, H, Ayoub, K, Niazi, A, Mansour, A, Abbas, A, Tantoura, M, Hamdan, A, Hassan, N, Hasan, B, Saad, A, Sebai, A, Haddad, A, Maghrebi, H, Kacem, M, Yalkin, O, Samsa, M, Atak, I, Balci, B, Haberal, E, Dogan, L, Gecim, I, Akyol, C, Koc, M, Sivrikoz, E, Piyadeoglu, D, Avanagh, D, Sokmen, S, Bisgin, T, Gunenc, E, Guzel, M, Leventoglu, S, Yuksel, O, Kozan, R, Gobut, H, Cengiz, F, Erdinc, K, Acar, N, Kamer, E, Ozgur, I, Aydin, O, Keskin, M, Bulut, M, Kulle, C, Kara, Y, Sibic, O, Ozata, I, Bugra, D, Balik, E, Cakir, M, Alhardan, A, Colak, E, Aybar, A, Sari, A, Atici, S, Kaya, T, Dursun, A, Calik, B, Ozkan, O, Ulgur, H, Duzgun, O, Monson, J, George, S, Woods, K, Al-Eryani, F, Albakry, R, Coetzee, E, Boutall, A, Herman, A, Warden, C, Mugla, N, Forgan, T, Mia, I, Lambrechts, A, Greijdanus N. 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M., Gurjar S., Mukherjee T., Chandio A., Ahmed S., Singh B., Runau F., Chaudhri S., Siaw O., Sarveswaran J., Miu V., Ashmore D., Darwich H., Singh-Ranger D., Singh N., Shaban M., Gareb F., Petropolou T., Polydorou A., Dattani M., Afzal A., Bavikatte A., Sebastian B., Ward N., Mishra A., Manatakis D., Agalianos C., Tasis N., Antonopoulou M. -I., Karavokyros I., Charalabopoulos A., Schizas D., Baili E., Syllaios A., Karydakis L., Vailas M., Balalis D., Korkolis D., Plastiras A., Rompou A., Xenaki S., Xynos E., Chrysos E., Venianaki M., Christodoulidis G., Perivoliotis K., Tzovaras G., Baloyiannis I., Ho M. -F., Ng S. S., Mak T. W. -C., Futaba K., Santak G., Simlesa D., Cosic J., Zukanovic G., Kelly M. E., Larkin J. O., McCormick P. H., Mehigan B. J., Connelly T. M., Neary P., Ryan J., McCullough P., Al-Juaifari M. A., Hammoodi H., Abbood A. H., Calabro M., Muratore A., La Terra A., Farnesi F., Feo C. V., Fabbri N., Pesce A., Fazzin M., Roscio F., Clerici F., Lucchi A., Vittori L., Agostinelli L., Ripoli M. C., Sambucci D., Porta A., Sinibaldi G., Crescentini G., Larcinese A., Picone E., Persiani R., Biondi A., Pezzuto R., Lorenzon L., Rizzo G., Coco C., D'Agostino L., Spinelli A., Sacchi M. M., Carvello M., Foppa C., Maroli A., Palini G. M., Garulli G., Zanini N., Delrio P., Rega D., Carbone F., Aversano A., Pirozzolo G., Recordare A., D'Alimonte L., Vignotto C., Corbellini C., Sampietro G. M., Lorusso L., Manzo C. A., Ghignone F., Ugolini G., Montroni I., Pasini F., Ballabio M., Bisagni P., Armao F. T., Longhi M., Ghazouani O., Galleano R., Tamini N., Oldani M., Nespoli L., Picciariello A., Altomare D. F., Tomasicchio G., Lantone G., Catena F., Giuffrida M., Annicchiarico A., Perrone G., Grossi U., Santoro G. A., Zanus G., Iacomino A., Novello S., Passuello N., Zucchella M., Puca L., deGiuli M., Reddavid R., Scabini S., Aprile A., Soriero D., Fioravanti E., Rottoli M., Romano A., Tanzanu M., Belvedere A., Mariani N. M., Ceretti A. P., Opocher E., Gallo G., Sammarco G., de Paola G., Pucciarelli S., Marchegiani F., Spolverato G., Buzzi G., Di Saverio S., Meroni P., Parise C., Bottazzoli E. I., Lapolla P., Brachini G., Cirillo B., Mingoli A., Sica G., Siragusa L., Bellato V., Cerbo D., de Pasqual C. A., de Manzoni G., di Cosmo M. A., Alrayes B. M. H., Qandeel M. W. M., Hani M. B., Rabadi A., el Muhtaseb M. S., Abdeen B., Karmi F., Zilinskas J., Latkauskas T., Tamelis A., Pikuniene I., Slenfuktas V., Poskus T., Kryzauskas M., Jakubauskas M., Mikalauskas S., Jakubauskiene L., Hassan S. Y., Altrabulsi A., Abdulwahed E., Ghmagh R., Deeknah A., Alshareea E., Elhadi M., Abujamra S., Msherghi A. A., Tababa O. W. E., Majbar M. A., Souadka A., Benkabbou A., Mohsine R., Echiguer S., Moctezuma-Velazquez P., Salgado-Nesme N., Vergara-Fernandez O., Sainz-Hernandez J. C., Alvarez-Bautista F. E., Zakaria A. D., Zakaria Z., Wong M. P. K., Ismail R., Ibrahim A. F., Abdullah N. A. N., Julaihi R., Bhat S., O'Grady G., Bissett I., Lamme B., Musters G. D., Dinaux A. M., Grotenhuis B. A., Steller E. J., Aalbers A. G. J., Leeuwenburgh M. M., Rutten H. J. T., Burger J. W. A., Bloemen J. G., Ketelaers S. H. J., Waqar U., Chawla T., Rauf H., Rani P., Talsma A. K., Scheurink L., van Praagh J. B., Segelman J., Nygren J., Anderin K., Tiefenthal M., de Andres B., Beltran de Heredia J. P., Vazquez A., Gomez T., Golshani P., Kader R., Mohamed A., Westerterp M., Marinelli A., Niemer Q., Doornebosch P. G., Shapiro J., Vermaas M., de Graaf E. J. R., van Westreenen H. L., Zwakman M., van Dalsen A. D., Vles W. J., Nonner J., Toorenvliet B. R., Janssen P. T. J., Verdaasdonk E. G. G., Amelung F. J., Peeters K. C. M. J., Bahadoer R. R., Holman F. A., Heemskerk J., Vosbeek N., Leijtens J. W. A., Taverne S. B. M., Heijnen B. H. M., El-Massoudi Y., de Groot-Van Veen I., Hoff C., Jou-Valencia D., Consten E. C. J., Burghgraef T. A., Geitenbeek R., Hulshof L. G. W. L., Slooter G. D., Reudink M., Bouvy N. D., Wildeboer A. C. L., Verstappen S., Pennings A. J., van den Hengel B., Wijma A. G., de Haan J., de Nes L. C. F., Heesink V., Karsten T., Heidsma C. M., Koemans W. J., Dekker J. -W. T., van der Zijden C. J., Roos D., Demirkiran A., van der Burg S., Oosterling S. J., Hoogteijling T. J., Wiering B., Smeeing D. P. J., Havenga K., Lutfi H., Tsimogiannis K., Skoldberg F., Folkesson J., den Boer F., van Schaik T. G., van Gerven P., Sietses C., Hol J. C., Boerma E. -J. G., Creemers D. M. J., Schultz J. K., Frivold T., Riis R., Gregussen H., Busund S., Sjo O. H., Gaard M., Krohn N., Ersryd A. L., Leung E., Sultan H., Hajjaj B. N., Alhisi A. J., Khader A. A. E., Mendes A. F. D., Semiao M., Faria L. Q., Azevedo C., da Costa Devesa H. M., Martins S. F., Jarimba A. M. R., Marques S. M. R., Ferreira R. M., Oliveira A., Ferreira C., Pereira R., Surlin V. M., Graure G. M., Ramboiu S. P. S. D., Negoi I., Ciubotaru C., Stoica B., Tanase I., Negoita V. M., Florea S., Macau F., Vasile M., Stefanescu V., Dimofte G. -M., Lunca S., Roata C. -E., Musina A. -M., Garmanova T., Agapov M. N., Markaryan D. G., Eduard G., Yanishev A., Abelevich A., Bazaev A., Rodimov S. V., Filimonov V. B., Melnikov A. A., Suchkov I. A., Drozdov E. S., Kostromitskiy D. N., Sjostrom O., Matthiessen P., Baban B., Gadan S., Jadid K. D., Staffan M., Park J. M., Rydbeck D., Lydrup M. -L., Buchwald P., Jutesten H., Darlin L., Lindqvist E., Nilsson K., Larsson P. -A., Jangmalm S., Kosir J. A., Tomazic A., Grosek J., Bozic T. K., Zazo A., Zazo R., Fares H., Ayoub K., Niazi A., Mansour A., Abbas A., Tantoura M., Hamdan A., Hassan N., Hasan B., Saad A., Sebai A., Haddad A., Maghrebi H., Kacem M., Yalkin O., Samsa M. V., Atak I., Balci B., Haberal E., Dogan L., Gecim I. E., Akyol C., Koc M. A., Sivrikoz E., Piyadeoglu D., Avanagh D. O., Sokmen S., Bisgin T., Gunenc E., Guzel M., Leventoglu S., Yuksel O., Kozan R., Gobut H., Cengiz F., Erdinc K., Acar N. C., Kamer E., Ozgur I., Aydin O., Keskin M., Bulut M. T., Kulle C. B., Kara Y., Sibic O., Ozata I. H., Bugra D., Balik E., Cakir M., Alhardan A., Colak E., Aybar A. B. C., Sari A. C., Atici S. D., Kaya T., Dursun A., Calik B., Ozkan O. F., Ulgur H. S., Duzgun O., Monson J., George S., Woods K., Al-Eryani F., Albakry R., Coetzee E., Boutall A., Herman A., Warden C., Mugla N., Forgan T., Mia I., and Lambrechts A.

Abstract

Background: The optimal treatment of anastomotic leak after rectal cancer resection is unclear. This worldwide cohort study aimed to provide an overview of four treatment strategies applied. Methods: Patients from 216 centres and 45 countries with anastomotic leak after rectal cancer resection between 2014 and 2018 were included. Treatment was categorized as salvage surgery, faecal diversion with passive or active (vacuum) drainage, and no primary/secondary faecal diversion. The primary outcome was 1-year stoma-free survival. In addition, passive and active drainage were compared using propensity score matching (2: 1). Results: Of 2470 evaluable patients, 388 (16.0 per cent) underwent salvage surgery, 1524 (62.0 per cent) passive drainage, 278 (11.0 per cent) active drainage, and 280 (11.0 per cent) had no faecal diversion. One-year stoma-free survival rates were 13.7, 48.3, 48.2, and 65.4 per cent respectively. Propensity score matching resulted in 556 patients with passive and 278 with active drainage. There was no statistically significant difference between these groups in 1-year stoma-free survival (OR 0.95, 95 per cent c.i. 0.66 to 1.33), with a risk difference of -1.1 (95 per cent c.i. -9.0 to 7.0) per cent. After active drainage, more patients required secondary salvage surgery (OR 2.32, 1.49 to 3.59), prolonged hospital admission (an additional 6 (95 per cent c.i. 2 to 10) days), and ICU admission (OR 1.41, 1.02 to 1.94). Mean duration of leak healing did not differ significantly (an additional 12 (-28 to 52) days). Conclusion: Primary salvage surgery or omission of faecal diversion likely correspond to the most severe and least severe leaks respectively. In patients with diverted leaks, stoma-free survival did not differ statistically between passive and active drainage, although the increased risk of secondary salvage surgery and ICU admission suggests residual confounding.

Published
2023

74. Global non-linear effect of temperature on economic production

Author

Burke, Marshall, Hsiang, Solomon M, and Miguel, Edward

Subjects
Economics, Applied Economics, Agriculture, Climate, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, Efficiency, Global Warming, Income, Internationality, Models, Economic, Nonlinear Dynamics, Temperature, Time Factors, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Growing evidence demonstrates that climatic conditions can have a profound impact on the functioning of modern human societies, but effects on economic activity appear inconsistent. Fundamental productive elements of modern economies, such as workers and crops, exhibit highly non-linear responses to local temperature even in wealthy countries. In contrast, aggregate macroeconomic productivity of entire wealthy countries is reported not to respond to temperature, while poor countries respond only linearly. Resolving this conflict between micro and macro observations is critical to understanding the role of wealth in coupled human-natural systems and to anticipating the global impact of climate change. Here we unify these seemingly contradictory results by accounting for non-linearity at the macro scale. We show that overall economic productivity is non-linear in temperature for all countries, with productivity peaking at an annual average temperature of 13 °C and declining strongly at higher temperatures. The relationship is globally generalizable, unchanged since 1960, and apparent for agricultural and non-agricultural activity in both rich and poor countries. These results provide the first evidence that economic activity in all regions is coupled to the global climate and establish a new empirical foundation for modelling economic loss in response to climate change, with important implications. If future adaptation mimics past adaptation, unmitigated warming is expected to reshape the global economy by reducing average global incomes roughly 23% by 2100 and widening global income inequality, relative to scenarios without climate change. In contrast to prior estimates, expected global losses are approximately linear in global mean temperature, with median losses many times larger than leading models indicate.

Published
2015

75. Climate and Conflict

Author

Burke, Marshall, Hsiang, Solomon M, and Miguel, Edward

Subjects
Economics, Applied Economics, Economic Theory, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Climate Action, violence, crime, weather, econometrics, meta-analysis, Applied economics, Economic theory
Abstract

We review the emerging literature on climate and conflict. We consider multiple types of human conflict, including both interpersonal conflict, such as assault and murder, and intergroup conflict, including riots and civil war. We discuss key methodological issues in estimating causal relationships and largely focus on natural experiments that exploit variation in climate over time. Using a hierarchical meta-analysis that allows us to both estimate the mean effect and quantify the degree of variability across 55 studies, we find that deviations from moderate temperatures and precipitation patterns systematically increase conflict risk. Contemporaneous temperature has the largest average impact, with each 1σ increase in temperature increasing interpersonal conflict by 2.4% and intergroup conflict by 11.3%. We conclude by highlighting research priorities, including a better understanding of the mechanisms linking climate to conflict, societies' ability to adapt to climatic changes, and the likely impacts of future global warming.

Published
2015

76. Cognitive Abilities on Transitive Inference Using a Novel Touchscreen Technology for Mice

Author

Silverman, JL, Gastrell, PT, Karras, MN, Solomon, M, and Crawley, JN

Subjects
Mental Health, Biotechnology, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Schizophrenia, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Brain Disorders, Autism, Mental health, Animals, Autistic Disorder, Behavior, Animal, Cognition, Computers, Discrimination Learning, Disease Models, Animal, Eye Movements, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred Strains, Microcomputers, Neuropsychological Tests, autism, learning, mouse model, schizophrenia, translational, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Experimental Psychology
Abstract

Cognitive abilities are impaired in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. Preclinical models with strong endophenotypes relevant to cognitive dysfunctions offer a valuable resource for therapeutic development. However, improved assays to test higher order cognition are needed. We employed touchscreen technology to design a complex transitive inference (TI) assay that requires cognitive flexibility and relational learning. C57BL/6J (B6) mice with good cognitive skills and BTBR T+tf/J (BTBR), a model of ASD with cognitive deficits, were evaluated in simple and complex touchscreen assays. Both B6 and BTBR acquired visual discrimination and reversal. BTBR displayed deficits on components of TI, when 4 stimuli pairs were interspersed, which required flexible integrated knowledge. BTBR displayed impairment on the A > E inference, analogous to the A > E deficit in ASD. B6 and BTBR mice both reached criterion on the B > D comparison, unlike the B > D impairment in schizophrenia. These results demonstrate that mice are capable of complex discriminations and higher order tasks using methods and equipment paralleling those used in humans. Our discovery that a mouse model of ASD displays a TI deficit similar to humans with ASD supports the use of the touchscreen technology for complex cognitive tasks in mouse models of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Published
2015

77. Geography, Depreciation, and Growth

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M and Jina, Amir S

Subjects
Economics, Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services
Abstract

It has been proposed that geography influences economic growth for many reasons. Previous analyses of comparative development seem to have sidestepped the question of location-dependent depreciation. However the construction of new measures of tropical cyclone exposure enables us to consider the potential impact of this single source of capital depreciation. Using an estimate of asset destruction due to tropical cyclones, we identify the “sandcastle depreciation” rate, and find support for location-dependent depreciation by looking at average growth rates. This leads us to propose that heterogeneous and geographically-dependent depreciation rates may play an important role in global patterns of economic development.

Published
2015

78. Tropical Economics

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M and Meng, Kyle C

Subjects
Economics, Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services
Abstract

Why wealth is systematically lower in the tropics remains a puzzle. We point out that latitude may have fundamental economic consequence because it plays a key role in how countries experience geophysical processes that have economic implications. We demonstrate that annual fluctuations in the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) leads to hotter and dryer local weather across tropical countries and subsequently to substantial losses in agricultural yields, output, and value-added. If volatility in agricultural production impedes economic growth, the relatively stronger influence of ENSO on the tropics may offer yet another partial explanation for slower historical growth in the tropics.

Published
2015

80. Reconciling climate-conflict meta-analyses: reply to Buhaug et al.

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M, Burke, Marshall, and Miguel, Edward

Subjects
Economics, Biological Sciences, Applied Economics, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

A comment by Buhaug et al. attributes disagreement between our recent analyses and their review articles to biased decisions in our meta-analysis and a difference of opinion regarding statistical approaches. The claim is false. Buhaug et al.’s alteration of our meta-analysis misrepresents findings in the literature, makes statistical errors, misclassifies multiple studies, makes coding errors, and suppresses the display of results that are consistent with our original analysis. We correct these mistakes and obtain findings in line with our original results, even when we use the study selection criteria proposed by Buhaug et al. We conclude that there is no evidence in the data supporting the claims raised in Buhaug et al.

Published
2014

81. Displacing AIDS : therapeutic transitions in Northern Uganda

Author

Wilhelm-Solomon, M. M., Alexander, Jocelyn, and Daley, Patricia

Subjects
361, Development and Refugees (see also Sociology), Uganda, displacement
Abstract

This doctoral project, entitled 'Displacing AIDS: Therapeutic Transitions in Northern Uganda' examines the biosocial transitions engendered by the treatment of HIV, focusing on antiretroviral therapy (ART/ARV) interventions, and the ways these are intertwined with the social transitions of conflict, displacement and return. The research involved an inter-disciplinary qualitative study with internally displaced communities living with HIV in northern Uganda, during 10 months fieldwork between 2006 and 2009. Northern Uganda has experienced a two decade civil war between the government of Uganda and the Lord’s Resistance Army (1987 to 2006). In 2006, after a cessation of hostilities was signed, hundreds of thousands of the displaced began returning ‘home’. The effects of conflict and social displacement were to significantly shape both the social and medical aspects of ART provision. I argue that northern Uganda was significantly excluded from widespread national community-based responses as a result of the war during the 1990s and early 2000s. Given this background, ART interventions were to engender rapid social transformations among those with HIV, but also in relation to the perceptions of HIV/AIDS in the broader community. I explore these intersecting biosocial and displacement-induced transitions through several streams: the social transitions of forced displacement and the return process; the transitions from illness to a precarious health; from social exclusion to a contested inclusion; transitions between local and biomedical understandings of healing; transitions in authority and biopower; as well as continually shifting forms of identity, support and affiliation. I give particular emphasis to forms of socio-spatial and medico -moral transformations. I argue that ARV interventions have been nested in the social and moral spaces of displacement. In particular the spatial configurations of encampment, involving extreme congestion and lack of privacy, have shaped patterns of disclosure and community and identity formation. The influence of Catholicism, shaped by missionary histories in the region, has also had a strong impact. Themes of militarism, lack of productivity, and encampment have shaped the language and perceptions of HIV and AIDS. Theoretically I engage with debates around biosociality, stigmatisation and ‘clientship’ within the emerging literature on ARVs. I trace the intersections of these questions with those in forced migration studies regarding the social transformations of displacement and return. Furthermore, I use this social analysis to engage with public-health perspectives on ARV provision. I argue that community-based strategies require adaptation to the social contexts of displacement. Such adaptations, involving attentiveness to the socio-spatial specificity of displaced contexts, are critical for the long-term provision and sustainability of antiretroviral therapy to displaced communities. In particular the return phase has created unexpected challenges for treatment continuity, arising from large-scale population movements. The thesis has a strong narrative focus and traces the experiences of several people living with HIV through the paths of displacement and return.

Published
2014

82. Long-term exposure to intranasal oxytocin in a mouse autism model.

Author

Bales, KL, Solomon, M, Jacob, S, Crawley, JN, Silverman, JL, Larke, RH, Sahagun, E, Puhger, KR, Pride, MC, and Mendoza, SP

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Disease Models, Animal, Oxytocin, Administration, Intranasal, Behavior, Animal, Social Behavior, Interpersonal Relations, Autistic Disorder, Sex Factors, Female, Male, Inbred Strains, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Administration, Intranasal, Behavior, Autism, Pediatric, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Neurosciences, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide involved in mammalian social behavior. It is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies in healthy rodents (prairie voles and C57BL/6J mice) have shown that there may be detrimental effects of long-term intranasal administration, raising the questions about safety and efficacy. To investigate the effects of OT on the aspects of ASD phenotype, we conducted the first study of chronic intranasal OT in a well-validated mouse model of autism, the BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J inbred strain (BTBR), which displays low sociability and high repetitive behaviors. BTBR and C57BL/6J (B6) mice (N=94) were administered 0.8  IU/kg of OT intranasally, daily for 30 days, starting on day 21. We ran a well-characterized set of behavioral tasks relevant to diagnostic and associated symptoms of autism, including juvenile reciprocal social interactions, three-chambered social approach, open-field exploratory activity, repetitive self-grooming and fear-conditioned learning and memory, some during and some post treatment. Intranasal OT did not improve autism-relevant behaviors in BTBR, except for female sniffing in the three-chambered social interaction test. Male saline-treated BTBR mice showed increased interest in a novel mouse, both in chamber time and sniffing time, whereas OT-treated male BTBR mice showed a preference for the novel mouse in sniffing time only. No deleterious effects of OT were detected in either B6 or BTBR mice, except possibly for the lack of a preference for the novel mouse's chamber in OT-treated male BTBR mice. These results highlight the complexity inherent in understanding the effects of OT on behavior. Future investigations of chronic intranasal OT should include a wider dose range and early developmental time points in both healthy rodents and ASD models to affirm the efficacy and safety of OT.

Published
2014

83. Nonlinear permanent migration response to climatic variations but minimal response to disasters

Author

Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya, Oppenheimer, Michael, and Hsiang, Solomon M

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, Climate Change, Disasters, Economics, Human Migration, Humans, Indonesia, Nonlinear Dynamics, Probability, human response to climate change, environmental migrants, migration and disasters, climate change, statistical
Abstract

We present a microlevel study to simultaneously investigate the effects of variations in temperature and precipitation along with sudden natural disasters to infer their relative influence on migration that is likely permanent. The study is made possible by the availability of household panel data from Indonesia with an exceptional tracking rate combined with frequent occurrence of natural disasters and significant climatic variations, thus providing a quasi-experiment to examine the influence of environment on migration. Using data on 7,185 households followed over 15 y, we analyze whole-household, province-to-province migration, which allows us to understand the effects of environmental factors on permanent moves that may differ from temporary migration. The results suggest that permanent migration is influenced by climatic variations, whereas episodic disasters tend to have much smaller or no impact on such migration. In particular, temperature has a nonlinear effect on migration such that above 25 °C, a rise in temperature is related to an increase in outmigration, potentially through its impact on economic conditions. We use these results to estimate the impact of projected temperature increases on future permanent migration. Though precipitation also has a similar nonlinear effect on migration, the effect is smaller than that of temperature, underscoring the importance of using an expanded set of climatic factors as predictors of migration. These findings on the minimal influence of natural disasters and precipitation on permanent moves supplement previous findings on the significant role of these variables in promoting temporary migration.

Published
2014

84. Temperature and violence

Author

Cane, Mark A, Miguel, Edward, Burke, Marshall, Hsiang, Solomon M, Lobell, David B, Meng, Kyle C, and Satyanath, Shanker

Subjects
Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Published
2014

85. CORRESPONDENCE: Temperature and violence

Author

Cane, Mark A, Miguel, Edward, Burke, Marshall, Hsiang, Solomon M, Lobell, David B, Meng, Kyle C, and Satyanath, Shanker

Subjects
Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Published
2014

86. Reconciling disagreement over climate–conflict results in Africa

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M and Meng, Kyle C

Subjects
Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Global Warming, Warfare, climate change, temperature, security
Abstract

A recent study by Burke et al. [Burke M, Miguel E, Satyanath S, Dykema J, Lobell D (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(49):20670-20674] reports statistical evidence that the likelihood of civil wars in African countries was elevated in hotter years. A following study by Buhaug [Buhaug H (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(38):16477-16482] reports that a reexamination of the evidence overturns Burke et al.'s findings when alternative statistical models and alternative measures of conflict are used. We show that the conclusion by Buhaug is based on absent or incorrect statistical tests, both in model selection and in the comparison of results with Burke et al. When we implement the correct tests, we find there is no evidence presented in Buhaug that rejects the original results of Burke et al.

Published
2014

88. 709 Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral prednisone as adjunctive treatment in pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (PIPE Study)

Author

Waters, V., primary, Shaw, M., additional, Quon, B., additional, Tullis, E., additional, Solomon, M., additional, Rayment, J., additional, Lavoie, A., additional, Tse, S., additional, Daigneault, P., additional, Bilodeau, L., additional, Price, A., additional, Nicholson, M., additional, Chin, M., additional, Parkins, M., additional, McKinney, M., additional, Tam, J., additional, Perrem, L., additional, Stanojevic, S., additional, Grasemann, H., additional, and Ratjen, F., additional

Published
2023
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89. Overall Survival Among Patients With De Novo Stage IV Metastatic and Distant Metastatic Recurrent Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Author

Su, Chloe C., primary, Wu, Julie T., additional, Choi, Eunji, additional, Myall, Nathaniel J., additional, Neal, Joel W., additional, Kurian, Allison W., additional, Stehr, Henning, additional, Wood, Douglas, additional, Henry, Solomon M., additional, Backhus, Leah M., additional, Leung, Ann N., additional, Wakelee, Heather A., additional, and Han, Summer S., additional

Published
2023
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90. A pan-MHC reference graph with 246 fully contiguous phased sequences

Author

Huijse, Liza, primary, Adams, Solomon M, additional, Burton, Joshua N, additional, David, Julianne K, additional, Julian, Russell S, additional, Meshulam-Simon, Galit, additional, Mickalide, Harry, additional, Tafesse, Bersabeh D, additional, Calonga-Solís, Verónica, additional, Wolf, Ivan Rodrigo, additional, Morrison, Ashby J, additional, Augusto, Danillo G, additional, and Endlich, Solomon, additional

Published
2023
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94. Generation of the second-harmonic Bessel beams via nonlinear Bragg diffraction

Author

Saltiel, Solomon M., Neshev, Dragomir N., Fischer, Robert, Krolikowski, Wieslaw, Arie, Ady, and Kivshar, Yuri S.

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons, Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems
Abstract

We generate conical second-harmonic radiation by transverse excitation of a two-dimensional annular periodically-poled nonlinear photonic structure with a fundamental Gaussian beam. We show that these conical waves are the far-field images of the Bessel beams generated in a crystal by parametric frequency conversion assisted by nonlinear Bragg diffraction., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. submitted

Published
2007
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95. Structure and dynamics of colloidal depletion gels: coincidence of transitions and heterogeneity

Author

Dibble, C. J., Kogan, M., and Solomon, M. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Transitions in structural heterogeneity of colloidal depletion gels formed through short-range attractive interactions are correlated with their dynamical arrest. The system is a density and refractive index matched suspension of 0.20 volume fraction poly(methyl methacyrlate) colloids with the non-adsorbing depletant polystyrene added at a size ratio of depletant to colloid of 0.043. As the strength of the short-range attractive interaction is increased, clusters become increasingly structurally heterogeneous, as characterized by number-density fluctuations, and dynamically immobilized, as characterized by the single-particle mean-squared displacement. The number of free colloids in the suspension also progressively declines. As an immobile cluster to gel transition is traversed, structural heterogeneity abruptly decreases. Simultaneously, the mean single-particle dynamics saturates at a localization length on the order of the short-range attractive potential range. Both immobile cluster and gel regimes show dynamical heterogeneity. Non-Gaussian distributions of single particle displacements reveal enhanced populations of dynamical trajectories localized on two different length scales. Similar dependencies of number density fluctuations, free particle number and dynamical length scales on the order of the range of short-range attraction suggests a collective structural origin of dynamic heterogeneity in colloidal gels., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures

Published
2006
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97. Multistep Parametric Processes in Nonlinear Optics

Author

Saltiel, Solomon M., Sukhorukov, Andrey A., and Kivshar, Yuri S.

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and Solitons, Physics - Optics
Abstract

We present a comprehensive overview of different types of parametric interactions in nonlinear optics which are associated with simultaneous phase-matching of several optical processes in quadratic nonlinear media, the so-called multistep parametric interactions. We discuss a number of possibilities of double and multiple phase-matching in engineered structures with the sign-varying second-order nonlinear susceptibility, including (i) uniform and non-uniform quasi-phase-matched (QPM) periodic optical superlattices, (ii) phase-reversed and periodically chirped QPM structures, and (iii) uniform QPM structures in non-collinear geometry, including recently fabricated two-dimensional nonlinear quadratic photonic crystals. We also summarize the most important experimental results on the multi-frequency generation due to multistep parametric processes, and overview the physics and basic properties of multi-color optical parametric solitons generated by these parametric interactions., Comment: To be published in Progress in Optics

Published
2003
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98. Efficient collinear third-harmonic generation in a single two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal

Author

Karaulanov, Todor and Saltiel, Solomon M.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

We propose novel multi-phase-matched process that starts with generation of a pair of symmetric second-harmonic waves. Each of them interacts again with the fundamental wave to produce two constructively interfering third harmonic waves collinear to the fundamental input wave., Comment: Summary of presentation at the IQEC/LAT-2002 conference

Published
2003
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99. Quantifying the Influence of Climate on Human Conflict

Author

Hsiang, Solomon M, Burke, Marshall, and Miguel, Edward

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Human Society, Climate Action, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Climate, Climate Change, Conflict, Psychological, Crime, Humans, Knowledge Discovery, Violence, General Science & Technology
Abstract

A rapidly growing body of research examines whether human conflict can be affected by climatic changes. Drawing from archaeology, criminology, economics, geography, history, political science, and psychology, we assemble and analyze the 60 most rigorous quantitative studies and document, for the first time, a striking convergence of results. We find strong causal evidence linking climatic events to human conflict across a range of spatial and temporal scales and across all major regions of the world. The magnitude of climate's influence is substantial: for each one standard deviation (1σ) change in climate toward warmer temperatures or more extreme rainfall, median estimates indicate that the frequency of interpersonal violence rises 4% and the frequency of intergroup conflict rises 14%. Because locations throughout the inhabited world are expected to warm 2σ to 4σ by 2050, amplified rates of human conflict could represent a large and critical impact of anthropogenic climate change.

Published
2013

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