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A highly selective, sensitive caffeic acid (CA) detection based on calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaO NPs) derived from extract of Moringa oleifera leaves decorated graphitic carbon nitride covalently grafted poly vinyl alcohol (CaO/g-C3N4/PVA) nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was studied. A facile sonochemical method was adapted to synthesis nanomaterials and characterized by HR-TEM (High resolution transmission electron microscopy), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), FE-SEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), EDX (Energy dispersive X-ray analysis), Mapping and BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) analysis, and electrochemical techniques. The nanocomposite modified GCE exhibited an excellent catalytic performance to the oxidation of CA under optimized conditions owing to better electron transfer efficiency, conductivity and high surface area of the electrode material. The present electrochemical sensor showed high selectivity towards the determination of 10 µM CA in the presence of 100-fold higher concentrations of interferents. The modified CA sensor exhibited a wide sensing linear range from 0.01 µM to 70 µM and the detection limit (LOD) was found to be 0.0024 µM (S/N = 3) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as a supporting electrolyte at pH 7.0. The fabricated CA sensor provides an excellent stability, reproducibility and selectivity for the determination of CA. The modified CA sensor was applied to real blood plasma samples and obtained good recovery (97.6-100.1%) results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mahila Arogya Samiti (MAS) is one of the key interventions under National Urban Health Mission aimed at improving the reach and utilization of health services among vulnerable and marginalized population in urban areas. Objectives: The study was done to assess the functioning of Mahila Arogya Samiti in Indore city which included the no. of households covered by MAS, there reason behind joining MAS, awareness of role and responsibilities of MAS among its members, awareness and utilization of untied funds. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using a pretested structured Questionnaire to interview health care workers involved in Mahila Arogya Samiti like Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHAs), AWWs, Anganwadi Helpers(AWH), Chairperson and other MAS members maintaining their confidentiality. Results: 18(64.3%) ASHA, 15(57.7%) AWW(Anganwadi worker) said that MAS covers greater than 200 households. 91(41.72%) MAS members joined MAS because they were told by ASHA to do so. Majority of Chairperson 17(60.71%) roles and responsibility include ensuring regular monthly meetings of MAS, supporting ASHA in her functions. Conclusion: MAS was present and functional in most of the areas covered, there was little proactive participation of all the MAS members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal patches containing montelukast sodium and levocetirizine for controlled drug release. The patches were prepared using the solvent casting method, employing polymers HPMC K4M and K100 in varying concentrations, along with excipients like mannitol, starch, citric acid, and plasticizers such as propylene glycol. Comprehensive characterization was performed, including folding endurance, thickness, weight variation, surface pH, swelling index, drug content uniformity, stability, and in vitro permeation studies using a Franz diffusion cell. Optimized formulations demonstrated satisfactory mechanical properties, drug release profiles and stability under accelerated conditions as per ICH guidelines. Key findings included the impact of polymer and plasticizer concentrations on patch flexibility, drug uniformity and swelling behavior. HPMC K4M was identified as the most effective polymer for achieving desired patch characteristics. The final patches showed potential for effective buccal drug delivery, with the ability to maintain neutral surface pH, ensuring compatibility with buccal mucosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The variety of airway devices are available today which may be broadly classified as supraglottic airway devices which are employed to protect the airway in both elective as well as emergency situations. Present study was aimed to study I- Gel Device in patients posted for short duration elective surgeries in a tertiary care center. Material and Methods: Present study was prospective, interventional study, conducted in patients aged 21- 60 years of both sexes, with BMI range of 20-25 kg/m2, American society of anaesthesiologist classification 1 and 2, Mallampatti grade 1 and 2, undergoing different surgical procedures under general anesthesia, with spontaneous ventilation in supine position for not more than 1 hour. Results: In the study 77 patients were studied. It was observed that in 85% of patients insertion of I-Gel was successful in the first attempt. The heart rate, Mean Arterial Blood pressure (MAP), Mean Tidal Carbon dioxide & mean Oxygen Saturation percentage was observed before administration I-Gel, immediately after administration & after 5, 10 and 15 minutes from insertion and the mean was calculated. The gastric insufflation was absent in all patients after the administration of I-Gel, which shows that I-Gel has better sealing pressure and it fits well with the laryngeal anatomy. It was observed that only 12 % of patients reported sore throat after the removal of I– Gel, 10 % of patients had reported post-operative cough and only 7% patients reported dysphagia. Conclusion: Use of proper sized I-Gel suits to be ideal and seems to be an efficient and safe device for adult airway management in short duration (up to 30 minutes) minor surgeries while patient breathing spontaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The increasing prevalence and worsening health effects of junk food consumption have made it a major global public health concern. Even though its detrimental effects on health are common across all age groups, they are particularly high among teenagers in both developed and developing countries.[1] Objective: The study aims to evaluate the relationship between junk food consumption and obesity in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, while also assessing their knowledge of the harmful effects of junk food on health. Materials and Methods: 180 students participated in a cross-sectional study. Each student was given pretested semi structured questionnaire on junk food consumption after giving informed consent. Study was conducted in selected government and private school of Indore district among school going adolescent of age group (10-19 years) for duration of six months from July - December 2022. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0 (Trial version). Results: The study sample consisted of 180 participants aged 10-19 years with mean height and weight of 1.54±0.15 and 53.88±11.18 respectively. Based on BMI 24.44% were overweight/Pre obese and 6.66% adolescents were obese. 59.44% students eat junk food and majority of them prefer salty snacks (66.21%), unhealthy food consumption in various BMI groups were noted and there were significant differences found i.e. salty snacks, sweetened beverages and fast-food consumption were found significant (p<0.05). 33.33% obese and 74.40% non-obese participants had adequate knowledge of harmful health effects of junk food consumption (p<0.05). Conclusion: There has been a noticeable increase in adolescent obesity; therefore, schools, families and communities must address the dietary determinants of obesity. Health education in schools should encompass teaching students about healthy food habits. Parents should teach their children the importance of eating a balanced diet and to avoid junk food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of both detected and undetected viral cases, alongside environmental pathogens, on infection transmission dynamics. A VSEIQCR model is formulated and refined to analyze the study and to assess the basic reproduction number using the next-generation matrix method. The findings reveal a rapid escalation in viral cases, correlating with the rise in undetected cases. The study suggests that identifying and isolating individuals exposed to or infected by the virus, whether detected or undetected, is deemed imperative for curtailing disease transmission. Additionally, The study emphasizes the role of fomites in infection spread. It stands out for its innovative approach, examining the interconnections among vaccination, quarantine, and contamination strategies within a cohesive research framework, thereby setting a precedent in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]