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55. Expression and clinical significance of CXCL17 and GPR35 in endometrial carcinoma

Author

Jun, Hao, Xiang, Gao, Ya-Ping, Wang, Qing, Liu, Hai, Zhu, Shu-Jun, Zhao, Qiao-Hong, Qin, Jie, Meng, Lin-Lin, Li, Shao-Chong, Lin, Zhenzhen, Song, and Hongyu, Li

Subjects
Pharmacology, Cancer Research, Hyperplasia, Oncology, Humans, Female, Pharmacology (medical), RNA, Messenger, Prognosis, Chemokines, CXC, Endometrial Neoplasms, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
Abstract

Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. CXCL17-CXCR8 (GPR35) axis is reported to play an indispensability role in tumors. Our purpose is to screen possible prognostic and immune-related factors in endometrial carcinoma by detecting the mRNA and protein expression of CXCL17 and CXCR8. We use the qRT-PCR method to test the mRNA expression of CXCL17 and CXCR8 in 35 pairs of endometrial carcinoma and adjacent tissue. The protein expression of CXCL17 and CXCR8 in 30 cases of normal proliferative endometrium, 30 cases of endometrial atypical hyperplasia and 50 cases of endometrial carcinoma was detected by tissue microarray immunohistochemistry. There was no significant difference in the positive expression rate between endometrial adenocarcinoma tissue and endometrial atypical hyperplasia tissue (P0.05). But significantly better than normal proliferative tissue (P0.001). Correlation analysis of CXCR8 and CXCL17 in endometrial carcinoma showed a positive correlation (r = 0.9123, P0.0001). For patients with endometrial cancer, the overall survival (OS) of patients with high CXCL17 expression was significantly higher than that low CXCL17 expression (log-rank test, P0.0001), whereas CXCR8 had no statistical significance. But the expression of CXCR8 is an independent prognostic factor of OS in endometrial carcinoma patients. Our study showed that CXCL17 and CXCR8 may be involved in the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer. High expression of CXCL17 may be used as a biomarker for predicting survival. Because CXCL17 and CXCL18 are related to lymphocytes and immune regulation, they are expected to become potential targets for immunotherapy.

Published
2022

56. Effect of Flame Remelting on the Microstructure, Wear and Corrosion Resistance of HVOF Sprayed NiCrBSi Coatings

Author

Liu, Cheng Wei, Qin, En Wei, Chen, Guo Xing, Wei, Shao Chong, Zou, Yang, Ye, Lin, and Wu, Shu Hui

Abstract

As a post treatment, thermal remelting is an effective method to eliminate pores and establish a metallurgical bonding for thermal sprayed coatings. However, it is rather difficult to obtain simultaneously high corrosion and wear resistance, since additional energy input usually leads to more homogeneous microstructure in coatings, which deteriorates mechanical hardness. In this work, flame remelting has been imposed to high velocity oxygen-fuel sprayed self-flux NiCrBSi coatings. The remelting effects on microstructure were characterized in terms of porosity and phase analysis. The microhardness, wear resistance and corrosive behaviors were compared among substrate steel, as-sprayed and as-remelted coatings. Results show that the lamellar boundaries and internal defects in the as-sprayed coatings have been eliminated by remelting. The coating porosity has substantially reduced from 7.36% to 0.75%, and a metallurgical bonding at the coating/substrate interface has been formed. Comparing with the as-sprayed coatings, the microhardness of the remelted coatings increases about 21% and the wear weight loss reduces about 42%. By flame remelting, the wear mechanism changes from furrow and abrasive wear to micro-cutting and local fracture. The remelted coatings have also exhibited better corrosion resistance by means of salt spraying and potentiodynamic tests.

Published
2024
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57. Research on Dispatching Management of High Proportion New Energy Grid in the Electricity Market Environment

Author

Zhang Tianyu, Yuguo Chen, Chunxiang Yang, Bolin Zhang, Shao Chong, and Xiaobin Zhang

Subjects
New energy, Electricity market, Business, Environmental economics, Grid
Abstract

The electricity spot market can reflect the power supply and demand situation in real time through price signals, guiding users to shift peaks and fill valleys, and enhancing the level of new energy consumption. Gansu Province, one of the first pilot spot market provinces in China, has designed a bilateral spot market for generations and users. The power supply mode and grid operation mode will undergo changes according to the operation results of the power market to achieve the optimal allocation of power resources, thus posing a huge challenge to the original grid dispatching mode. The article analyses the dispatch management articulation model based on the high penetration of new energy grids in the power market reform, adapts the work focus after changes in the power market business, and explores efficient dispatching business processes for the power spot market to ensure a smooth transition of dispatching work and effective integration of the market business.

Published
2021

59. Novel use of smart tablet computer for ophthalmology

Author

Zhao-Tian Zhang, Yan-Tao Wei, Xin-Tong Jiang, Yuan-Zhe Yang, Suo Qiu, and Shao-Chong Zhang

Subjects
iPad, smart tablet computer, ophthalmology, telemedicine, iPhone, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

AIM:To identify and categorize ophthalmology-relevant apps for the iPad tablet computer as a source for ophthalmic practices on the Apple's App Store.METHODS: The Apple's App Store was searched for ophthalmology-relevant apps from January 2013 to August 2013. Eligible apps were identified and downloaded into the iPad tablet computers, and then categorized according to the apps' initial contents and our using experiences. Methods about how to use the iPad's built-in functions of instant video call(FaceTime®)and automatic data storage technology(iCloud®)were also described together with the apps. Other operating systems of Microsoft's Window Phone and Google's Android were also searched for ophthalmology-relevant apps.RESULTS: The keywords for searching on the Apple's App Store were “ophthalmology” and “eye”. And we could found 111 eligible apps with the former keyword, and 452 ones with the latter one. The integrated uses of the iPad tablet computer were then categorized into five aspects. Based on our clinical practice, we finally summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the iPad tablet computer for ophthalmic practices. However, ophthalmology-relevant apps were found to be very limited in number on the other two platforms.CONCLUSION: The integrated use of self built-in apps and third-party apps can facilitate our clinical work in examination, telemedicine, reference, disease education and literature searching. More studies are needed to verify its validation and reliability in the professional fields, especially eye examinations.

Published
2015
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60. Engineering Atomic-to-Nano Scale Structural Homogeneity towards High Corrosion Resistance of Amorphous Magnesium-Based Alloys

Author

Qin, Yuan, primary, Zhang, Wentao, additional, Li, Kanghua, additional, Fu, Shu, additional, Lou, Yu, additional, Liu, Sinan, additional, Ge, Jiacheng, additional, Ying, Huiqiang, additional, Liu, Wei-Di, additional, Zuo, Xiaobing, additional, Shen, Jun, additional, Wei, Shao-Chong, additional, Hahn, Horst, additional, Ren, Yang, additional, Wu, Zhenduo, additional, Wang, Xun-Li, additional, Zhu, He, additional, and Lan, Si, additional

Published
2022
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67. A Health-Aware Energy Storage Sharing Mechanism for a Renewable Energy Base.

Author

Shao, Chong, Zhang, Bolin, Wei, Bo, Liu, Wenfei, Yang, Yong, and Wu, Zhaoyuan

Subjects
*RENEWABLE energy sources, *ENERGY storage, *ENERGY dissipation, *COST allocation, *ENERGY consumption, *WIND power, *MICROGRIDS
Abstract

With the increasing global demand for renewable energy (RE), the growing share of new energy sources has become an inevitable trend. However, due to the uncertainty and fluctuation of renewable energy generation, this poses challenges to the stability of the power system. To mitigate the volatility of wind power output, ensure reliable power supply, and improve energy storage utilization, shared energy storage (SES) can be deployed in renewable energy bases (REBs) to alleviate the pressure on the power supply. However, electrochemical energy storage (EES) faces issues such as lifespan degradation and maintenance cost allocation. In this regard, this paper establishes an EES characterization model considering the dynamic degradation characteristics of batteries and analyzes the coupled relationship between lifespan degradation laws and key parameters in SES operation. Additionally, to assess the impact of electrochemical energy storage's dynamic degradation characteristics on energy capacity allocation and operational strategies, an optimization model for SES in REBs is developed. Building upon this, a cost allocation mechanism is designed based on the marginal contribution in both the day-ahead and the real-time markets to address the differing demands for SES among different units within the REBs. Case studies are conducted to validate the rationality of the proposed optimization model for SES in REBs and the adaptability of the cost allocation mechanism. The results provide valuable insights for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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72. Multimode imaging characteristics and treatment of uveal schwannoma

Author

Zhang, Ting, Feng, Lu-Jia, Wang, You, Shi, Yun-Hong, Wang, Li, Sun, Yi-Meng, Wei, Yan-Tao, and Zhang, Shao-Chong

Subjects
Clinical Research, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, eye diseases
Abstract

AIM: To delineate the different imaging characteristics of uveal schwannoma from melanoma and discuss the optimal treatment strategy for intraocular schwannoma. METHODS: Case series of three patients diagnosed with intraocular schwannoma was collected at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangzhou, China from July 2014 to December 2020. All the study patients underwent ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The clinical features, therapeutic strategies, and prognoses of all patients were reviewed. RESULTS: Ultrasonography of all three patients (all females, mean age, 39y, age range, 23-54y) showed low to medium reflectivity with a homogeneous internal structure. MRI of all three patients demonstrated isointensity on T1-weighted imaging spin-echo (T1WI SE) images and hypointense on fast spin-echo T2-weighted images (FSE T2WI) images with respect to the brain. Minimally invasive pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and local resection of the tumor was performed for all patients, and the diagnosis of schwannoma was confirmed by histopathological examination. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that ultrasonography and MRI features of uveal schwannoma may contribute to the differentiation of uveal schwannoma from melanoma, and the optimal therapy for intraocular schwannoma is minimally invasive PPV and local resection.

Published
2022

74. Protocol for direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients (DREAMY): a prospective, multicentre cohort study of accidental awareness during general anaesthesia

Author

P.M. Odor, S. Bampoe, D.N. Lucas, S.R. Moonesinghe, J. Andrade, J.J. Pandit, Alicja A'Court, Dina Abdel-Gadir, Ayman Abdu, Caroline Abisogun, Zainab Aboud, Judith Abrams, Andrea Ackerman, Christine Adamso, Rachel Addison, Adedayo Adeyeye, Rachel Adler, Maame Aduse-Poku, Siddharth Adyanthaya, Najmiah Ahmad, Dabeeruddeen Ahmed, Atif Ahmed, Bucky Akindele, Olubukola Akindele, Sonia Akrimi, Samar Al-Rawi, Yousif Ali, Jo Allam, Alisha Allana, Kellie Allen, Orlanda Allen, Natasha Amaradasa, Lareina Amarasekara, Freda Amoakwa-adu, Padmanabhan Anandageetha, Suresh Anandakrishnan, Rathai Anandanadesan, Michelle Anderson, Simon Apps, Audrey Aquilina, Gill Arbane, Alice Arch, Sarah Armstrong, Rita Arya, Gloria Ashiru, Keri Ashpole, Claire Atkinson, Francesca Atkinson, Elizabeth Auer, Ben Avery, Maite Babio-Galan, Hareth Bader, George Badham, Subha Bagchi, Sarah Bailey, Yolanda Baird, Cristina Balaka, Melissa Baldwin, Paul Balfour, Shreya Bali, Samantha Banks, Philip Barclay, Lucy Barnes, Thomas Barnes, Niraj Barot, Stephen Barrett, Venetia Barrett, Kate Barrett, Louise Bates, Katherine Batte, Beki Baytug, Mona Behravesh, Suzanne Bell, Raul Benloch, Richard Bentley, Jennifer Berg, Charlotte Berwick, Richard Berwick, Rashmi Bhadange, Sanjoy Bhattacharyya, Egidija Bielskute, Sian Birch, Scott Bird, Ruth Bird, William Birts, Becky Black, Tatyana Blagova, Holly Blake, Oliver Blightman, Susara Blunden, Richard Bolton, Caroline Borkett-Jones, John Boselli, Manuella Bowen, Ruth Bowen, James Bowye, Henry Boyle, Zameen Brar, Jo Bray, Samantha Brayshaw, Catherine Bressington, Alison Brewer, Naomi Brice, Laura Bridge, James Briscoe, Sonia Brocklesby, Harry Brown, Sarah Brown, Derek Brunnen, Keshavareddy Burijintichenna, Sara Burnard, Agnieszka Burtt, Victoria Buswell, Hannah Bykar, Matthew Cairney, Clare Calvert, Laura Camarasa, Natasha Campbell, Frederick Campbell-Jones, Jane Cantliffe, William Carrol, Joanna Carvalho, Catherine Cashell, Sarah Cassie, Kadu Cassim, Marika Chandler, Rachel Chapman, Robert Charles, Ping Chen, Deanne Cheyne, Kiran Chima, Floju Chin, Radu Chirvasuta, Martin Shao Chong, Sadia Choudhury, Priyakam Chowdhury, Tracey Christmas, Shilpa Chughwani, Sarah Ciechanowicz, Emma Clarey, Rob Coe, Jolyon Cohen, Nicholas Coker, Karen Collins, Lauren Collis, Jasna Comar, Marianne Conroy, Kathy Constantin, Jeremy Corfe, Elaine Coulborn, Vanessa Cowie, Rachel Crone, James Cronin, Jennifer Crooks, Nicola Crowther, Elizabeth Crowther, Carina Cruz, Alexa Curtis, Sarah Curtis, Sam Curtis, Adrian Dabrowicz, Nick Daines, Viral Dalal, Peter Dannatt, Dinesh Das, Jennifer Dash, Katherine Davidson, Sarah Davies, Yvette Davis, James Dawson, Jonathan Dean, Caroline Dean, Jane Denman, Neel Desai, Preeti Dewan, Sarah Dimont, Clare Donovan, Mano Doraiswami, Kate Doughty, Jamie Douglass, Michelle Dower, Samantha Downing, Wendy Duberry, Emily Duckham, Lucy Dudgeon, Stephanie Dukes, Leigh Dunn, Venkat Duraiswamy, Anthony O' Dwyer, Kristyn Dyer, Suresh Eapen, Mark Earl, Sally Eason, Kylie-Ellen Edwards, Zara Edwards, Osinachi Egole, John Ekpa, Olivia El-Amin, Kariem El-Boghdadly, Okba Elbasir, James Eldridge, Laura Elgie, Matt Ellington, Katharine Elliott, Justine Elliott, Mohamed Elmi, Ramy Elnoumeir, Eunice Emeakaraoha, Matt Evans, Mary Everett, Philippa Fabb, Hadia Farooq, Rohan Farrimond, Fiona Faulds, Erik Fawcett, Andrew Feneley, Dinushi Fernando, Janis Ferns, Claire Finlay, Simon Fitzgerald, Doireann O'Flaherty, Mark Fleet, Lydia Fletcher, Vanessa Fludder, Terri Follet, Jane Forbes, Mark Forth, Greg Foster, John Francis, Kate Fraser, Lauren Friedman, Luca Fruggeri, Laura Fulton, Sam Funnell, Amit Gadre, Ajay Gandhi, Harriet Gardiner, Zoe Garner, Gráinne Garvey, Tom Gately, Richard George, Siobhan Gillespie, Stephanie Glover, Jennifer Goddard, Ben Goodman, Tarikere Gopal, George Graham, David Green, Denise Griffin, Jessica Griffith, Stephanie Grigsby, Julie Grindey, Huw Griffiths, Jonathan Groome, Christine Grother, Gabrielle Grounds, Alice Groves, Abhik Guha, Amila Gunawardhana, Aman Gupta, Rekha Gupta, James Gutsell, Richard Haddon, Dina Hadi, Nicola Hadjipavlou, Henry Hammerbeck, Laura Hammon, Sarah Hammond, Hampesh Hampanna, Holly Hancock, Hemantha Handapangoda, Yumna Haroon-Mowahed, Dawn Harpham, Grant Harris, Abigail Harrison, Divya Harshan, Andrew Hartopp, Eoin Harty, Nick Haslam, Gemma Hawkins, Edith Hawkins, Sarah Hawksey, Carole Hays, Tracy Hazelton, Andrew Heavyside, Chibuzo Hemeson, Katrina Henderson, Oliver Henry, Lara Herbert, Nikki Higgins, James Hilton, Claire Hindmoor, Rachael Hitchcock, Laura Hobbs, Michele Homsy, Cassandra Honeywell, Nazima Hoque, Kirsty House, Ryan Howle, Amanda Tiller, Matthew Huniak, Jeremy Hunte, Tauqeer Husain, Coralie Huson, Catriona Hussain, Tawhida Hussain, Zainab Hussein, Jeremy Hyams, Eleanor Hyde, Marina Iaverdino, Alex Ignacka, Erin Innes, Stefanos Ioannidis, Rehana Iqbal, Fahja Ismail, Jenny Jackson, Michael Jackson, Guy Jackson, Robyn Jacobs, Poonam Jadhav, Aisha Jalaly, Lorraine James, Monica James, Surekha Jani, Chandran Jeganathan, Claire Joannides, Robert Johnson, Thosa Johnson, Carolyn Johnston, Reeanne Jones, Tom Jones, Miran Kadr, Rasmeet Kainth, Jenna Kane, Rafiq Kanji, Sunil Kannanparambil, Girish Kar, Theanalli Kasianandan, Husam Kaskos, Lisa Kavanagh, Richard Kaye, Leith Kelliher, Serena Kelliot, Jemma Kelly, Jenna Kelly, Carol Kenyon, Laura Kessack, Samuel Kestner, Mohammed Khaku, Sophia Khaleeq, Pervaz Khan, Sabeen Khan, Usamah Kidwai, Christopher King, Helen King, Elizabeth Kingston, Waisun Kok, Rebekka Konig, Zheyna Konstantinova, Priya Krishnan, Justin Kua, Kavitha Kuntumalla, Emira Kursumovic, Krzysztof Kurzatkowski, Hariprasad Kuttambakam, Katherine Lane, Sophie Lane, Andrew Langton, Hamad Latif, Norlan Lau, Shyam Laxman, Helen Laycock, Rachel Lee, Silvia Leonardi, Karen Light, Heidi Lightfoot, Shuang Liu, Sanduni Liyanage, Jessica Lowe, Nuala Lucas, Miyoba Lungu, Marianne Lunn, Heather Lynes, Kishore Machavarapu, Matthew Mackenzie, Jonathan Major, Victoria Male, Zain Malik, Katarina Manso, Myrna Maquinana, Katarzyna Marciniak, Lizzie Maronge, Chris Marsh, Carmela Martella, Nicki Martin, Nicole Martins, Jaspreet Marway, Louisa Mason, Lucy Mason, Nadia Masood, James Masters, Matthew Maton-Howarth, Francesca Mazzola, Tamsin McAllister, Rachel McCarthy, Claire McCormick, Sharon McCready, Steffan McDougall, Lorna Mcewan, Jon McGarry, Helen McKevitt, Stephanie Mckinley, Anna Mckskeane, Eloise McMaster, Martina McMonagle, Helen McNamara, Hannah McPhee, Laura McRae, Dee Mead, Emma Meadows, Madhur Mehta, Joanne Meikle, Yavor Metodiev, Chloe Michael, Victoria Millar, Sarah Miller, Gregg Miller, Sezanne Milne, Kostas Miltsios, Lucia Misquita, Simone Misquita, Manasi Mittal, Mohamed Mohamed, Katherine Powell Monaghan, Joanna Monk, Alexandra Monkhouse, David Monks, Laura Montague, Angela Moon, Jennifer Moran, Annette Moreton, Endaf Morgan, Oliver Morgan, Danny Morland, Monica Morosan, Kimberley Morris, Andrea Morris, Clare Moser, Manulella Mount, Carol Muir, McDonald Mupudzi, Mayur Murali, Iona Murdoch, Heather Murray, Theresa Murray, Karen Murrell, Girish Narasimha Murthy, Diana Neeley, Hannah Nei, Kerry Neil, Tara Nejim, Mark Nel, Anne Nicholson, Angela Nicklin, Catherine Nolan, Tracey Nolan, Eveliina Nurmi, Bridie O'Neill, Christie Oakes, Neil Oakes, Maria Ochoa-Ferraro, Nike Odeleye, Katy Oliver, Mark Oliver, Julie Onslow, Desire Onwochei, Thomas Oommen, Tim Orr, Osato Osagie, Hannah Osborn, Jennie Overend, Hazel Owston, Emma Pack, Pulak Padhi, Prabvathy Palani, Rajesh Pandey, Dhruti Pandya, Navjot Panesar, Con Papageorgiou, Georgios Papanastasiou, Costas Papoutsos, Suji Pararajasingham, James Parry, Hasita Patel, Jaishel Patel, Jiten Patel, Kaumudi Patel, Kiran Patel, Mitul Patel, Reshma Patel, Ruchira Patel, Nimisha Patel, Sangeeta Pathak, Fiona Pearson, Viktorija Peciulene, Beth Peers, Benjamin Peirce, Stacey Pepper, Jasmina Perinpanayagam, Hollie Perry, Nadya Petrova, Trudie Phillips, Sioned Phillips, Leonidas Phylactides, Felicity Pilkington, James Plumb, Evangelia Poimenidi, Anna Sau Kuk Poon, Thomas Potter, Una Poultney, Lucy Powell, Andrew Prenter, Katie Preston, Anna Price, Naomi Pritchard, Jenny Pullen, Manishi Purohit, Charlotte Quamina, Jibran Qureshi, Zahra Rajput, Stephen Ramage, Tamilselvi Ramanathan, Upeka Ranasinghe, Kalum Ranatunga, Abby Rand, Seema Randive, Desikan Rangarajan, Chandana Rao, Sambasiva Rao Pelluri, Antony Ratnasingham, Jamil Razzaque, Anuvidya Reddy, Katie Redington, Emma Reel, Peter Remeta, Francesca Ricco, Anna Riccoboni, Polly Rice, Mel Rich, Nicole Richards, Joanne Riches, Simon Ripoll, Fleur Roberts, Kitty Roberts, Kay Robins, Susie Robinson, Samantha Roche, Maria Rojo, Milena Carmela Romano, Hilary Rosser, Lindsay Roughley, Catriona Routley, Christine Rowley, Pallab Rudra, Robin Russell, Christine Ryan, Chloe Saad, Abtin Sadeghi, Armorel Salberg, Matt Samuel, Rebecca Samuels, Suresh Sanapala, Seliat Sanusi, Sarbpreet Sarao, Sathyabhama Sathyabhama, Zoe Saunders, Bernadetta Sawarzynska-ryszka, Panagiota Sceales, Penny Sceales, Natasha Schumacher, Nuala Schwartz, Claudia Sellers, Heather Sellers, Jessica Sellick, Soumen Sen, Dhaneesha Senaratne, Sarah Senbeto, Dineth Seneviratna, Thunga Setty, Raj Shah, Sonia Shah, James Shambly, Saju Sharafudeen. Imran Sharieff, Laurence Sharifi, Lisa Sharpe, Michael Shaw, Ian Sheldrake, Priya Shinde, Adam Shonfeld. Jonathon Short, Julian Siah, Sheena Sibug. Omar Siddique, Sara Siew, Matthew Simpson, Georgina Singleton, Kathryn Sinha, Aneeta Sinha, Matthew Sinnott, Harry Sivadhas, Sivanth Sivakumar, Boopathi Sivarajan, Sinduja Sivarajan, Chris Skeoch, Samuel Slade, Paul Slater, Camilla Smith, Carys Smith, Christopher Smith, James Smith, Lorraine Smith, Annika Smith, Edward Smith, Ruth Smith, Sue Smith, Tim Smith, Helen Smithers, Sue Smolen, Claire Smyth, Toni Snel, Carol Snipe, Sam Soltanifar, Nilesh Sonawane, Andal Soundararaja, Emily Spence, Mark Spiliopoulos, Chhavi Srivastava, Karen Stacey, Helena Stafford, Nikki Staines, Richard Stead, Emma Stevens, Alex Stilwell, Gary Stocks, Aaron Stokes, Christopher Stone, Ben Straughan, Vanitha Subbarathnam, Srinath Sudunagunta, Pervez Sultan, Puvan Suppiah, Priyanka Surve, Angus Sutherland, Rob Swanton, Claire Swarbrick, Amy Swinson, Eleni Syrrakou, Shahrzad Tadbiri, Preetam Tamhane, Perumal Tamilselvan, Andrew Tan, Shamil Tanna, Hayley Tarft, Laura Tarry, Ian Taylor, Suzanne Taylor, Julie Tebbot, Svetlana Theron, Megan Thomas, Sarah Todd, Hermione Tolliday, Charlotte Topham, Nicholas Tovell, Martyn Traves, Dawn Trodd, Aseem Tufchi, Katie Turley, Marc Turnbull, Chris Turnbull, Oliver Turner, William Turner, Sharon Turney, Eleanor Tyagi, David Uncles, Vanessa Unsworth, Pradnya Vadnere, Rama Varadan, Vik Vasishta, Andrew Veal, Lalitha Vedham, Jessica Venkaya, Miriam Verghese, Icel Veronica, Dinesh Vidanagamage, Rachel Vincent, Vinodhan Vyapury, Harris Wain, Fiona Walbridge, Elaine Walker, Pete Walsh, Eleanor Walshe, Michelle Walters, Yize Wan, Cherry Wang, Kavita Wankhade, Gareth Waters, Christopher Watts, Alex Webber, Tom Wedgwood, Michael Wee, Susan Wellstead, Alison White, Michael Whitear, Lucy Whitefield, Sarah Wilkinson, Lauren Williams, Rhys Williams, Dawn Wilson, Samantha Wilson, Katie Wimble, Elaine Winkley, Luke Winslow, Paul Winwright, Karolina Wloch, Gideon Wong, Hannah Wong, Jan Man Wong, Tim Wood, Sarah Wray, Ian Wrench, James Wu, Kynn Wynn, Yeng Yap, Chia Kuan Yeow, Emily Young, Alex Yusaf, Saeed Uz Zafar, Darius Zeinali, Sheldon Zhang, Sarvesh Zope, Liana Zucco, Sibtain Anwar, Nadia Blunt, John Cronin, Vimal Grover, Kate Grailey, Martin Grey, David Highton, Phil Hopkins, Harriet Kemp, Queenie Lo, Daniel Martin, Clare Morkane, James O'Carroll, Charles Oliver, Benjamin Post, Anil Visram, and Alex Wickham

Subjects
Adult, One year follow up, Trial protocol, Guidelines as Topic, Anesthesia, General, Intraoperative Awareness, Cohort Studies, Interviews as Topic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, Anesthesia, Obstetrical, Humans, Medicine, General anaesthesia, Prospective Studies, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Accidental, Cohort, Structured interview, Female, Medical emergency, business, Surgical patients, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Accidental awareness during general anaesthesia (AAGA) is a complex and rare outcome to investigate in surgical patient populations, particularly obstetric patients. We report the protocol of the Direct Reporting of Awareness in Maternity patients (DREAMY) study, illustrating how the research was designed to address practical and methodological challenges for investigating AAGA in an obstetric cohort. Methods This is the trial protocol of a prospective, multicentre cohort study of patients undergoing obstetric surgery under general anaesthesia. Accidental awareness during general anaesthesia will be detected using three repetitions of standardised direct questioning over 30 days, with responses indicating memories during general anaesthesia verified using structured interviews. Reports will be adjudicated, then classified, in accordance with pre-defined and pre-validated structures, including the Michigan Awareness Classification tool. Quantitative data will be collected on general anaesthesia conduct for all participants. This descriptive study is being conducted in England and aims to recruit a minimum of 2015 patients. Results The DREAMY study was prospectively registered (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03100396) and ethical approval granted. Participant recruitment began in May 2017 and one year follow up concluded in August 2019. Publication of the results is anticipated in 2020. Conclusions The DREAMY study will provide data on incidence, experience and implications of AAGA for obstetric patients, using a robust methodology that will reliably detect and translate subjective AAGA reports into objective outcomes. In addition, the study is expected to improve vigilance for AAGA in participating hospitals and encourage adoption of recommendations for support of patients experiencing AAGA.

Published
2020

76. INTEGRATING QUIZLET FOR IMPROVING STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF THE SCIENCE SUBJECT

Author

Siti Nazuar Sailin, Nur Fadzmin Alias, Bibi Artiqah Jusaini, Husna Ishak, Liu Yang, and Guo Shao Chong

Abstract

Nowadays, educational institutions integrate the use of assessment tool due to its efficiency in engaging students during lesson. However, many teachers are still hesitated in integrating technology in classroom for many reasons such as lack of confidence in their IT skills, no exposure to the applications which are available online, time constraint and difficulties to change their current teaching method. Students however show their interests when exposed to new applications and they are keen to learn in an interactive environment which later could lead to better performance in the examination. To implement this, the teachers should keep up with students’ preferences and they should understand that an assessment tool should be incorporated in class not just because it is fun, but also because of its ability to help teachers in improving students’ learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Quizlet on students’ achievement on Science subject and also to determine students’ perception towards the use of Quizlet. A total of 77 form 1 students from four classes have participated in this study where their examination results of before and after using Quizlet in Science subject were taken. The result showed that there is a significant improvement in their Science subject achievement when using Quizlet. The survey result shows that the students’ perception towards the use of Quizlet are positive.

Published
2019

83. Variable processing and cross-presentation of HIV by dendritic cells and macrophages shapes CTL immunodominance and immune escape.

Author

Jens Dinter, Ellen Duong, Nicole Y Lai, Matthew J Berberich, Georgio Kourjian, Edith Bracho-Sanchez, Duong Chu, Hang Su, Shao Chong Zhang, and Sylvie Le Gall

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Møs) internalize and process exogenous HIV-derived antigens for cross-presentation by MHC-I to cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells (CTL). However, how degradation patterns of HIV antigens in the cross-presentation pathways affect immunodominance and immune escape is poorly defined. Here, we studied the processing and cross-presentation of dominant and subdominant HIV-1 Gag-derived epitopes and HLA-restricted mutants by monocyte-derived DCs and Møs. The cross-presentation of HIV proteins by both DCs and Møs led to higher CTL responses specific for immunodominant epitopes. The low CTL responses to subdominant epitopes were increased by pretreatment of target cells with peptidase inhibitors, suggestive of higher intracellular degradation of the corresponding peptides. Using DC and Mø cell extracts as a source of cytosolic, endosomal or lysosomal proteases to degrade long HIV peptides, we identified by mass spectrometry cell-specific and compartment-specific degradation patterns, which favored the production of peptides containing immunodominant epitopes in all compartments. The intracellular stability of optimal HIV-1 epitopes prior to loading onto MHC was highly variable and sequence-dependent in all compartments, and followed CTL hierarchy with immunodominant epitopes presenting higher stability rates. Common HLA-associated mutations in a dominant epitope appearing during acute HIV infection modified the degradation patterns of long HIV peptides, reduced intracellular stability and epitope production in cross-presentation-competent cell compartments, showing that impaired epitope production in the cross-presentation pathway contributes to immune escape. These findings highlight the contribution of degradation patterns in the cross-presentation pathway to HIV immunodominance and provide the first demonstration of immune escape affecting epitope cross-presentation.

Published
2015
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84. The Ultrastructural Localization of Type II, IV, and VI Collagens at the Vitreoretinal Interface.

Author

Shao Chong Bu, Roel Kuijer, Roelofje J van der Worp, Xiao Rong Li, Johanna M M Hooymans, and Leonoor I Los

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The vitreoretinal interface is the border of the cortical vitreous and the inner surface of the retina. The adhesion of the cortical vitreous to the ILM, namely vitreoretinal adhesion, involves a series of complex molecular adhesion mechanisms and has been considered as an important pathogenic factor in many vitreoretinal diseases. The presence of type VI collagen at the vitreoretinal interface and its possible interaction with collagens and glycoproteins indicates that type VI collagen may contribute to the vitreoretinal adhesion.To clarify the ultrastructural location of type VI collagen and its relationship to type II and IV collagens at the vitreoretinal interface.The ultrastructural localization of type II, IV and VI collagens in the adult human vitreoretinal interface of five donor eyes was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy using immunogold labeling.In the pre-equatorial region, we observed densely packed vitreous lamellae with a partly intraretinal course containing type II and VI collagens, reticular structures containing type IV and VI collagens and a thin inner limiting membrane (ILM) containing type IV and VI collagens in a linear distribution pattern. From the anterior to the posterior retina, the linear pattern of type IV and VI collagen labeling gradually became more diffusely present throughout the entire thickness of the ILM.The presence of type VI collagen in vitreous lamellae penetrating the ILM into the superficial retina suggests that type VI collagen may be involved in the organization of vitreous fibers into lamellae and in the adhesion of the vitreous fibers to the retina. The close relation of type VI to type IV collagen in the ILM suggests that type VI collagen is an important collagen type in the ILM. The topographic variations of type IV and VI collagens in the different regions of the ILM suggest a regional heterogeneity of the ILM. The reticular labeling pattern of type IV and VI collagens observed in the anterior vitreous are highly similar to labeling patterns of blood vessel walls. In the anterior vitreous, they may represent remnants of the regressed embryonic hyaloid blood vessel system. Their presence is in support of the theory on interactive remodeling of the developing vitreous as opposed to the main stream theory of displacement and compression of the primary by the secondary vitreous.

Published
2015
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91. Economic analysis of wind power consumption promoted by regenerative electric heating with high proportion of renewable energy

Author

Wang Zhenyu, Shao Chong, Han Yongjun, Xu Lanlan, and Zhang Jianhua

Subjects
Consumption (economics), Wind power, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Mode (statistics), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Thermal energy storage, 01 natural sciences, Automotive engineering, Renewable energy, Controllability, Environmental sciences, Electric heating, Environmental science, GE1-350, 021108 energy, Volatility (finance), business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

With the rapid development of wind power, the randomness and volatility of wind power have also caused severe problems of wind power consumption. The phenomenon of wind abandonment is particularly prominent in the "three north" areas. The environmental protection and controllability of regenerative electric heating provide a way for wind absorption and abandonment. Therefore, this paper proposes a model to promote wind power consumption by using regenerative electric heating. Firstly, the principle and advantages of the heat storage electric heating equipment are described; secondly, the fine modeling of regenerative electric heating is carried out;then, the mode of using regenerative electric heating to promote wind power consumption is designed;finally, an example is given to analyze the wind power consumption effect and the revenue of load aggregators.Therefore, it is verified that this mode can effectively promote wind power consumption and reduce wind abandon generation, and provide reference for alleviating wind abandon and power limit problem.

Published
2021

93. Variable HIV peptide stability in human cytosol is critical to epitope presentation and immune escape

Author

Lazaro, Estibaliz, Kadie, Carl, Zhang, Shao Chong, Gourdain, Pauline, Lai, Nicole Y., Zhang, Mei, Martinez, Sergio A., Heckerman, David, and Le Gall, Sylvie

Subjects
HIV (Viruses), T cells, Antigenic determinants, Vaccines, Proteins, Health care industry
Abstract

Induction of virus-specific [CD8.sup.+] T cell responses is critical for the success of vaccines against chronic viral infections. Despite the large number of potential MHC-I--restricted epitopes located in viral proteins, [...]

Published
2011
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95. Theoretical and experimental analysis of the gating performance of a photocathode-gated image tube using a femtosecond laser

Author

Wu, Kan, Li, Xinwan, Shao, Chong, and Chen, Jianping

Subjects
Laser pulses, Ultrashort -- Research, Image converters -- Research, Photocathodes -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We study theoretically and experimentally the gating performance of photocathode-gated image tube. A cross-correlation method is proposed to analyze the rising and falling speed and width of the image tube gain. Femtosecond pulses generated by a fiber laser are used as the light source of ultrahigh temporal resolution and trapezoid electrical signals are applied to a photocathode electrode as gating pulses. By adjusting the time delay between the laser pulse and the electrical gating pulse, various acceleration procedures for the photoelectrons generated at the photocathode can be observed. The photoelectrons arriving at the multichannel plate (MCP) with different kinetic energies receive different gain according to Eberhardt's MCP gain model. The gain profile is obtained by measuring the output light power of the fluorescent screen at the output port of the tube. The theoretical analysis and experimental result show that the shape of the output gain curve of the image tube is deformed and the width is broadened in comparison with the symmetric electrical gating pulse. OCIS codes: 100.4550, 110.2970, 120.1880, 320.7100.

Published
2009

99. General anaesthetic and airway management practice for obstetric surgery in England: a prospective, multicentre observational study

Author

Odor, P. M., Bampoe, S., Moonesinghe, S. R., Andrade, J., Pandit, J. J., Lucas, D. N., A’Court, A., Abdel-Gadir, D., Abdu, A., Abisogun, C., Aboud, Z., Abrams, J., Ackerman, A., Adamson, C., Addison, R., Adeyeye, A., Adler, R., Aduse-Poku, M., Adyanthaya, S., Ahmad, N., Ahmed, D., Ahmed, A., Akindele, B., Akindele, O., Akrimi, S., Al-Rawi, S., Ali, Y., Allam, J., Allana, A., Allen, K., Allen, O., Amaradasa, N., Amarasekara, L., Amoakwa-adu, F., Anandageetha, P., Anandakrishnan, S., Anandanadesan, R., Anderson, M., Apps, S., Aquilina, A., Arbane, G., Arch, A., Armstrong, S., Arya, R., Ashiru, G., Ashpole, K., Atkinson, C., Atkinson, F., Auer, E., Avery, B., Babio-Galan, M., Bader, H., Badham, G., Bagchi, S., Bailey, S., Baird, Y., Balaka, C., Baldwin, M., Balfour, P., Bali, S., Banks, S., Barclay, P., Barnes, L., Barnes, T., Barot, N., Barrett, S., Barrett, V., Barrett, K., Bates, L., Batte, K., Baytug, B., Behravesh, M., Bell, S., Benloch, R., Bentley, R., Berg, J., Berwick, C., Berwick, R., Bhadange, R., Bhattacharyya, S., Bielskute, E., Birch, S., Bird, S., Bird, Ruth, Birts, William, Black, Becky, Blagova, Tatyana, Blake, Holly, Blightman, Oliver, Blunden, Susara, Bolton, R., Borkett-Jones, C., Boselli, J., Bowen, M., Bowen, R., Bowyer, J., Boyle, H., Brar, Z., Bray, J., Brayshaw, S., Bressington, C., Brewer, A., Brice, N., Bridge, L., Briscoe, J., Brocklesby, S., Brown, H., Brown, S., Brunnen, D., Burijintichenna, K., Burnard, S., Burtt, A., Buswell, V., Bykar, H., Cairney, M., Calvert, C., Camarasa, L., Campbell, N., Campbell-Jones, F., Cantliffe, J., Carrol, W., Carvalho, J., Cashell, C., Cassie, S., Cassim, K., Chandler, M., Chapman, R., Charles, R., Chen, P., Cheyne, D., Chima, K., Chin, F., Chirvasuta, R., Shao Chong, M., Choudhury, S., Chowdhury, P., Christmas, T., Chughwani, S., Ciechanowicz, S., Clarey, E., Coe, R., Cohen, J., Coker, N., Collins, K., Collis, L., Comar, J., Conroy, M., Constantin, K., Corfe, J., Coulborn, E., Cowie, V., Crone, R., Cronin, J., Crooks, J., Crowther, N., Crowther, E., Cruz, C., Curtis, A., Curtis, S., Dabrowicz, A., Daines, N., Dalal, V., Dannatt, P., Das, D., Dash, J., Davidson, K., Davies, S., Davis, Y., Dawson, J., Dean, J., Dean, C., Denman, J., Desai, N., Dewan, P., Dimont, S., Donovan, C., Doraiswami, M., Doughty, K., Douglass, J., Dower, M., Downing, S., Duberry, W., Duckham, E., Dudgeon, L., Dukes, S., Dunn, L., Duraiswamy, V., Dwyer, A. O., Dyer, K., Eapen, S., Earl, M., Eason, S., Edwards, K., Edwards, Z., Egole, O., Ekpa, J., el-Amin, O., el-Boghdadly, K., Elbasir, O., Eldridge, J., Elgie, L., Ellington, M., Elliott, K., Elliott, J., Elmi, M., Elnoumeir, R., Emeakaraoha, E., Evans, M., Everett, M., Fabb, P., Farooq, H., Farrimond, R., Faulds, F., Fawcett, E., Feneley, A., Fernando, D., Ferns, J., Finlay, C., Fitzgerald, S., O’Flaherty, D., Fleet, M., Fletcher, L., Fludder, V., Follet, T., Forbes, J., Forth, M., Foster, G., Francis, J., Fraser, K., Friedman, L., Fruggeri, L., Fulton, L., Funnell, S., Gadre, A., Gandhi, A., Gardiner, H., Garner, Z., Garvey, G., Gately, T., George, R., Gillespie, S., Glover, S., Goddard, J., Goodman, B., Gopal, T., Graham, G., Green, D., Griffin, D., Griffith, J., Grigsby, S., Grindey, J., Griffiths, H., Groome, J., Grother, C., Grounds, G., Groves, A., Guha, A., Gunawardhana, A., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Gutsell, J., Haddon, R., Hadi, D., Hadjipavlou, N., Hammerbeck, H., Hammon, L., Hammond, S., Hampanna, H., Hancock, H., Handapangoda, H., Haroon-Mowahed, Y., Harpham, D., Harris, G., Harrison, A., Harshan, D., Hartopp, A., Harty, E., Haslam, N., Hawkins, G., Hawkins, E., Hawksey, S., Hays, C., Hazelton, T., Heavyside, A., Hemeson, C., Henderson, K., Henry, O., Herbert, L., Higgins, N., Hilton, J., Hindmoor, C., Hitchcock, R., Hobbs, L., Homsy, M., Honeywell, C., Hoque, N., House, K., Howle, R., Tiller, A., Huniak, M., Hunte, J., Husain, T., Huson, C., Hussain, C., Hussain, T., Hussein, Z., Hyams, J., Hyde, E., Laverdino, M., Ignacka, A., Innes, E., Ioannidis, S., Iqbal, R., Ismail, F., Jackson, J., Jackson, M., Jackson, G., Jacobs, R., Jadhav, P., Jalaly, A., James, L., James, M., Jani, S., Jeganathan, C., Joannides, C., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Johnston, C., Jones, R., Jones, T., Kadr, M., Kainth, R., Kane, J., Kanji, R., Kannanparambil, S., Kar, G., Kasianandan, T., Kaskos, H., Kavanagh, L., Kaye, R., Kelliher, L., Kelliot, S., Kelly, J., Kenyon, C., Kessack, L., Kestner, S., Khaku, M., Khaleeq, S., Khan, P., Khan, S., Kidwai, U., King, C., King, H., Kingston, E., Kok, W., Konig, R., Konstantinova, Z., Krishnan, P., Kua, J., Kuntumalla, K., Kursumovic, E., Kurzatkowski, K., Kuttambakam, H., Lane, K., Lane, S., Langton, A., Latif, H., Lau, N., Laxman, S., Laycock, H., Lee, R., Leonardi, S., Light, K., Lightfoot, H., Liu, S., Liyanage, S., Lowe, J., Lucas, N., Lungu, M., Lunn, M., Lynes, H., Machavarapu, K., Mackenzie, M., Magee, D., Major, J., Male, V., Malik, Z., Manso, K., Maquinana, M., Marciniak, K., Maronge, L., Marsh, C., Martella, C., Martin, N., Martins, N., Marway, J., Mason, L., Masood, N., Masters, J., Maton-Howarth, M., Mazzola, F., McAllister, T., McCarthy, R., McCormick, C., McCready, S., McDougall, S., Mcewan, L., McGarry, J., McKevitt, H., Mckinley, S., Mckskeane, A., McMaster, E., McMonagle, M., McNamara, H., McPhee, H., McRae, L., Mead, D., Meadows, E., Mehta, M., Meikle, J., Metodiev, Y., Michael, C., Millar, V., Miller, S., Miller, G., Milne, S., Miltsios, K., Misquita, L., Misquita, S., Mittal, M., Mohamed, M., Powell Monaghan, K., Monk, J., Monkhouse, A., Monks, D., Montague, L., Moon, A., Moran, J., Moreton, A., Morgan, E., Morgan, O., Morland, D., Morosan, M., Morris, K., Morris, A., Moser, C., Mount, M., Muir, C., Mupudzi, M., Murali, M., Murdoch, I., Murray, H., Murray, T., Murrell, K., Narasimha Murthy, G., Neeley, D., Nei, H., Neil, K., Nejim, T., Nel, M., Nicholson, A., Nicklin, A., Nolan, C., Nolan, T., Nurmi, E., O’Neill, B., Oakes, C., Oakes, N., Ochoa-Ferraro, M., Odeleye, N., Oliver, K., Oliver, M., Onslow, J., Onwochei, D., Oommen, T., Orr, T., Osagie, O., Osborn, H., Overend, J., Owston, H., Pack, E., Padhi, P., Palani, P., Pandey, R., Pandya, D., Panesar, N., Papageorgiou, C., Papanastasiou, G., Papoutsos, C., Pararajasingham, S., Parry, J., Patel, H., Patel, J., Patel, K., Patel, M., Patel, R., Patel, N., Pathak, S., Pearson, F., Peciulene, V., Peers, B., Peirce, B., Pepper, S., Perinpanayagam, J., Perry, H., Petrova, N., Phillips, T., Phillips, S., Phylactides, L., Pilkington, F., Plumb, J., Poimenidi, E., Sau Kuk Poon, A., Potter, T., Poultney, U., Powell, L., Prenter, A., Preston, K., Price, A., Pritchard, N., Pullen, J., Purohit, M., Quamina, C., Qureshi, J., Rajput, Z., Ramage, S., Ramanathan, T., Ranasinghe, U., Ranatunga, K., Rand, A., Randive, S., Rangarajan, D., Rao, C., Rao Pelluri, S., Ratnasingham, A., Razzaque, J., Reddy, A., Redington, K., Reel, E., Remeta, P., Ricco, F., Riccoboni, A., Rice, P., Rich, M., Richards, N., Riches, J., Ripoll, S., Roberts, F., Roberts, K., Robins, K., Robinson, S., Roche, S., Rojo, M., Carmela Romano, N., Rosser, H., Roughley, L., Routley, C., Rowley, C., Rudra, P., Russell, R., Ryan, C., Saad, C., Sadeghi, A., Salberg, A., Salota, V., Samuel, M., Samuels, R., Sanapala, S., Sanusi, S., Sarao, S., Sathyabhama, S., Saunders, Z., Sawarzynska-ryszka, B., Sceales, P., Schumacher, N., Schwartz, N., Sellers, C., Sellers, H., Sellick, J., Sen, S., Senaratne, D., Senbeto, S., Seneviratna, D., Setty, T., Shah, R., Shah, S., Shambly, J., Sharafudeen, S., Sharieff, I., Sharifi, L., Sharpe, L., Shaw, M., Sheldrake, I., Shinde, P., Shonfeld, A., Short, J., Siah, J., Sibug, S., Siddique, O., Siew, S., Simpson, M., Singleton, G., Sinha, K., Sinha, A., Sinnott, M., Sivadhas, H., Sivakumar, S., Sivarajan, B., Sivarajan, S., Skeoch, C., Slade, S., Slater, P., Smith, C., Smith, E., Smith, J., Smith, L., Smith, A., Smith, R., Smith, S., Smith, T., Smithers, H., Smolen, S., Smyth, C., Snel, T., Snipe, C., Soltanifar, S., Sonawane, N., Soundararaja, A., Spence, E., Spiliopoulos, M., Srivastava, C., Stacey, K., Stafford, H., Staines, N., Stead, R., Stevens, E., Stilwell, A., Stocks, G., Stokes, A., Stone, C., Straughan, B., Subbarathnam, V., Sudunagunta, S., Sultan, P., Suppiah, P., Surve, P., Sutherland, A., Swanton, R., Swarbrick, C., Swinson, A., Syrrakou, E., Tadbiri, S., Tamhane, P., Tamilselvan, P., Tan, A., Tanna, S., Tarft, H., Tarry, L., Taylor, I., Taylor, S., Tebbot, J., Theron, S., Thomas, M., Todd, S., Tolliday, H., Topham, C., Tovell, N., Traves, M., Trodd, D., Tufchi, A., Turley, K., Turnbull, M., Turnbull, C., Turner, O., Turner, W., Turney, S., Tyagi, E., Uncles, D., Unsworth, V., Vadnere, P., Varadan, R., Vasishta, V., Veal, A., Vedham, L., Venkaya, J., Verghese, M., Veronica, I., Vidanagamage, D., Vincent, R., Vyapury, V., Wain, H., Walbridge, F., Walker, E., Walsh, P., Walshe, E., Walters, M., Wan, Y., Wang, C., Wankhade, K., Waters, G., Watts, C., Webber, A., Wedgwood, T., Wee, M., Wellstead, S., White, A., Whitear, M., Whitefield, L., Wilkinson, S., Williams, L., Williams, R., Wilson, D., Wilson, S., Wimble, K., Winkley, E., Winslow, L., Winwright, P., Wloch, K., Wong, G., Wong, H., Man Wong, J., Wood, T., Wray, S., Wrench, I., Wu, J., Wynn, K., Yap, Y., Kuan Yeow, C., Young, E., Yusaf, A., Uz Zafar, S., Zeinali, D., Zhang, S., Zope, S., Zucco, L., Anwar, S., Blunt, N., Grover, V., Grailey, K., Gray, M., Highton, D., Hopkins, P., Kemp, H., Lo, Q., Martin, D., Morkane, C., O’Carroll, J., Oliver, C., Post, B., Visram, A., Wickham, A., General Paediatrics, Graduate School, Adult Psychiatry, and Pulmonology

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030202 anesthesiology, medicine, Caesarean section, General anaesthesia, general anaesthesia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Rocuronium, General anaesthetic, education, Neuromuscular Blockade, education.field_of_study, airway management, obstetrics, business.industry, Tracheal intubation, Surgery, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, caesarean section, Airway management, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

There are no current descriptions of general anaesthesia characteristics for obstetric surgery, despite recent changes to patient baseline characteristics and airway management guidelines. This analysis of data from the direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients' (DREAMY) study of accidental awareness during obstetric anaesthesia aimed to describe practice for obstetric general anaesthesia in England and compare with earlier surveys and best-practice recommendations. Consenting patients who received general anaesthesia for obstetric surgery in 72 hospitals from May 2017 to August 2018 were included. Baseline characteristics, airway management, anaesthetic techniques and major complications were collected. Descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression modelling and comparisons with earlier data were conducted. Data were collected from 3117 procedures, including 2554 (81.9%) caesarean deliveries. Thiopental was the induction drug in 1649 (52.9%) patients, compared with propofol in 1419 (45.5%). Suxamethonium was the neuromuscular blocking drug for tracheal intubation in 2631 (86.1%), compared with rocuronium in 367 (11.8%). Difficult tracheal intubation was reported in 1 in 19 (95%CI 1 in 16-22) and failed intubation in 1 in 312 (95%CI 1 in 169-667). Obese patients were over-represented compared with national baselines and associated with difficult, but not failed intubation. There was more evidence of change in practice for induction drugs (increased use of propofol) than neuromuscular blocking drugs (suxamethonium remains the most popular). There was evidence of improvement in practice, with increased monitoring and reversal of neuromuscular blockade (although this remains suboptimal). Despite a high risk of difficult intubation in this population, videolaryngoscopy was rarely used (1.9%).

Published
2020

100. Increasing the Wind Power Utilization of Hybrid AC/DC Systems Based on Optimal Active Power Control of HVDC

Author

Jun Liu, Xianbo Ke, Shao Chong, Weizhou Wang, Chao Huo, Zhenvu Zhang, and Jia Lyu

Subjects
Electric power system, Electricity generation, Wind power, Power system simulation, Transmission (telecommunications), Computer science, business.industry, Quadratic programming, business, Automotive engineering, Power (physics), Renewable energy
Abstract

With the rapid development of renewable energy and HVDC technology for long-distance and large-capacity transmission, the coupling between AC and DC systems, and between renewable energy and DC transmission have become stronger. Relying only on the control resources of the traditional power systems is not enough to solve the problems of increasing the wind power utilization and reducing the power generation cost. Therefore, a new active power control method for the HVDC tie-line power operation is proposed. The control strategy of HVDC tie-line power is modelled in terms of a series of equivalent units. Then a maximal wind power utilization model for hybrid AC/DC systems is established, which aims to reduce the system generation cost and enhance the renewable energy utilization, based on the active power control of the HVDC tie-line transmitted power. The corresponding optimization model can be easily solved by conventional mixed-integer quadratic programming solvers. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model is then validated through case studies.

Published
2020

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