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The novel presents a variety of characters, each has his own journey. Since the novel puts forth the time of partition (Indo- Bangladesh) and time after it, characters can be seen with traits which are both traditional and modern. It is due to their upbringing and values that their mind has certain inclinations. Because of her traditional values Thamma shows repulsion towards Ila and Tridib. The later ones on the other hand has their own personal set of beliefs to live their lives. Such disparity in thoughts gives a hint of clashes between them in many parts of the novel. However, even the traditional characters carry a spirit of freedom and modernity within them. Also modern characters have an urge to cling to their roots too.

The article deals with the activity of the Union Bishop Ostafy (Eugene) Yelo-Malynsky, who headed the Lutsk Episcopal Chair in 1607–1620. The questions of the origin of the Yelo-Malynsky family, their formation in the status of large landowners in Volhynia; the peculiarities of the secular period of the future bishop’s life are also analyzed. It is noted that Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky was, figuratively speaking, a member of the “club of Volhynian magnates”, owned numerous estates and distinguished himself as a successful businessman. At the same time, from a young age he proved to be an extremely controversial person. On the one hand, Yelo-Malynsky was a recognized lawyer and city judge in Volhynia, while on the other hand, he was involved in a crime including at least two high-profile murders. That circumstance had a great impact on the formation of his reputation and created serious problems in his further activity as a bishop. The issue of national and religious values of Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky is considered separately. It is mentioned that he belonged to the wealthy elite, who followed the Eastern rite at the turn of the 16th–17th centuries. Having opted for the union, he took part in the Lublin Declaration of 1603, which aimed to provide political support to the Union Church and members of the church. Since then, Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky had become one of the few large landowners in Volhynia who professed the Union and had real opportunities to support it.It is noted that granting the privilege to Ostafy Yelo-Malynsky at the Lutsk Diocese met with mass protests of the Volhynian nobility. The aristocratic community mainly did not perceive him as a pastor due to the ambiguous past of the new bishop. This, in turn, was the main reason for the local spread of the Union in the Lutsk-Ostroh diocese.The author made the conclusion that Ostafy (Eugene) Yelo-Malynsky combined in his person contradictory features of his time (aristocratic arbitrariness and the connection with crime, as well as the education, talent of a businessman and the practice of a lawyer). Becoming a bishop, he showed the abilities of an administrator, but did not realize his material potential in the field of philanthropy, and thus remained in the shadow of his prominent contemporaries.

This keynote speech was delivered at the International Conference on Interdisciplinary and Strategic Studies (ICRIS) on August 12, 2021. It explains the concept of colonial-capitalism and highlights the importance of understanding the underlying logic of capitalism behind the praxis of colonialism. From the middle to late stages of colonialism over the past 500 years, the underlying logic of colonial conquest continued to evolve. Initially, it was the Crusades that prompted the Europeans to start their exploration but then it was the conflicts and competition among the European powers themselves that galvanised their desire to conquer the world. This speech also illustrates how colonial-capitalism has changed our view of nature and our human relationship with the natural world, which in turn has influenced how we manage our natural resources. It concludes by reflecting on how we are still living in the long shadow of the 19th century and why the struggle for mental liberation continues until today.

What to do with failure? It marks the other side of how schooling shows its success. It extends as a shadow of one’s self when the ignominious F (or E) arrives in the wake of a letter graded assess...

This article discusses how shadow politics is enacted in Georgia with shadow actors setting the agenda from the political backstage. It conceptualizes acting “along with the state” as a novel form of informality, to describe a situation when state regulations are in place and shadow actors try to “correspond” to such regulations not through adapting their actions but making the state adapt to their needs via modifying formal rules. Such an enactment of shadow politics is demonstrated based on two recent environmental cases. The paper describes how, on the one hand, a shadow actor strategically uses his both visible and invisible power for informal land appropriation and construction, as well as the purchase and transportation of century-old trees, while on the other hand, authorities challenge environmental NGOs and activists resisting his “hobby” by politicizing their protest actions.

Introduction: In the shadow of the standard. Standard language ideology and attitudes towards 'non-standard' varieties and usages. Abstract: This special issue provides new perspectives on how standard language ideology (SLI) informs and influences attitudes towards 'non-standard' language varieties. Standard languages are commonly viewed as uniform, minimally varying (homogeneous) forms of language (Haugen 1972), and existing research in the area of language standardisation has largely focussed on standard languages in (perceived) monolingual nations, mainly restricted to those in Western Europe. The theoretical frameworks used to discuss language standardisation have often assumed that speakers of standard languages are monolingual (even if tacitly acknowledging varieties related to the standard, which can differ in terms of their 'distance' from that standard). Yet standard languages always exist alongside other languages and language varieties (including 'non-standard' varieties of the standard itself), and many speakers use the standard as an acquired variety alongside at least one other variety or language. This special issue challenges the assumption of monolingual standard languages, by presenting evidence of the impact-linguistic, social and cultural-of standard language ideologies on 'non-standard' language varieties that exist alongside standard languages in various political and cultural contexts within and outside Europe.

The article defines the priorities of the social policy of Ukraine at the present stage. The socio-economic problems of Ukraine are analyzed, their causes and solutions are identified. It is shown that the main reason for the failures of the socio-economic policy of independent Ukraine is the uncritical attitude of Ukrainian reformers to the consequences of neoliberal policies in other countries, as a result of which foreign experience of socio-economic reforms began to be introduced without taking into account domestic specifics. The decline in the role of the state in socio-economic policy, the increase in the role of private business, the privatization of "everything and everyone" led to a sharp social stratification, an economic crisis, which became a trigger for crises in all spheres of Ukrainian society. One of the fundamental principles of neoliberal economics, deregulation, has also collapsed. It turned out that the market is not efficient in areas in which the business cannot make quick and large profits. The so-called "market failures" demonstrated the need for state regulation in the spheres of education, health care, ecology, etc. Conclusions of the study and prospects for further research in this direction. Thus, if the new government really wants to build a successful country of happy people, it must make social and economic policy its top priority. Its primary tasks at the present stage should be: reduction of tariffs for utilities by eliminating from them the corruption component and excess profits of suppliers; revision of the principles of granting subsidies for utility bills. Exclusion from the number of subsidies of those who do not need state aid, but have a formal right to receive it (they work unofficially); the fight against the shadow economy, with the concealment of income from taxation; reforming the system of wages and pensions; creation of jobs with decent wages; establishing interaction between the state and private business in order to increase the social responsibility of the latter.

This paper presents a discussion on a new focus area in mathematics teacher education, namely the mathematics teacher in shadow education (SE mathematics teacher). It addresses three issues pertaining to SE mathematics teachers: special knowledge and expertise they need to possess, teacher qualification and selection and SE mathematics teacher professional development corresponding, respectively, to necessary specialized expertise. Some perspectives for future teacher education research are also addressed.

The year 2020 was arelentless one that drained many of us of any hope. This review focuses on work in primatology over the long span of that year that may serve as a small remedy to the shadow cast. In 2020, primatology became a focal point of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic and holds promise for understanding and preventing similar pandemics in the future. The past few years have also seen an increased concern in US primatology for understanding and working through the legacy of our colonial history, which has intersected with the urgency of the Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 to foment change that is only just beginning to be felt in our discipline. This review, which is by no means comprehensive, discusses these threads of research and their potential for change that might sustain primatology beyond the seemingly endless pandemic year. [COVID-19, pandemic, primatology, decolonizing primatology, decolonizing biological anthropology, biological anthropology, fieldwork, primates]. © 2021 by the American Anthropological Association

The paper examines how indicators of the shadow economy correspond to the National Accounts values. More precisely, we focus on household accounts assuming that the shadow economy should be visible in the difference between household income and consumption, as household (disposable) income is grossly underreported. Household consumption seems therefore to be a more accurate indicator in this context, as most shadow economy income is eventually spent on consumption. This implies that household savings figures should be negatively related to the values of the shadow economy; consequently, if the values relating to the shadow economy are high, savings should be low, or even negative, and vice versa. We verify this hypothesis using European cross-country data covering the years 1991–2017 with the application of MIMIC model calculations as a point of reference. The estimation results lend very little support to the hypothesis assuming that the shadow economy depresses household savings, even though we can otherwise explain comparatively well the cross-country variation in household savings and consumption growth rates.

PurposeShadow banking has been evolving rapidly in China, with banks actively using wealth management products (WMPs) to evade regulatory restrictions. These products are the largest constituent of China's shadow banking sector. A large number of these products are off-balance-sheet and considered a substitute for bank deposits. China's banking sector, especially the small and medium-sized banks (SMBs), uses these products to avoid regulatory restrictions and sustainability risk in the deposit market.Design/methodology/approachThis study empirically examined how banks in China, specifically SMBs, utilize these products on a short and long-run basis to manage and control their deposit levels. This study utilized a quarterly panel dataset from 2010 to 2019 for the top 30 Chinese banks, by first implementing a Panel ARDL-PMG model. For cross-sectional dependence, this study further executed a cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributive lag model (CS-ARDL).FindingsUnder regulations avoidance theory, the findings revealed that WMPs and deposits have a stable long-run substitute relationship. Furthermore, the WMP–Deposit substitute relationship was only significant and consistent for SMBs, but not for large four banks. The findings further revealed that the WMP–Deposit substitute relationship existed, even after the removal of the deposit rate limit imposed by the People's Bank of China (PBOC) to control the deposit rates.Research limitations/implicationsThe individual bank-issued WMPs' amount data is not available in any database. Therefore, this study utilized the number of WMPs as a proxy for China's banking sector's exposure to the wealth management business.Practical implicationsThis research helps policymakers to understand the Deposit–WMP relationship from the off-balance-sheet perspective. During the various stages of interest rate liberalization, banks were given more control to establish their deposit and loan interest rates. However, the deposit rates are still way below the WMP returns, making WMPs more competitive. This research suggests that policymakers should formulate a more balanced strategy regarding deposit rates and WMPs returns.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature on China's shadow banking by concentrating on the WMPs. This research represents one of the few studies that analyze regulatory arbitrage in terms of the WMP–Deposit relationship. Moreover, the implementation of CS-ARDL panel data models and multiple data sources makes this study's findings more reliable and significant.

Ao refletir sobre gestão democrática e formação de professores no Brasil, com ênfase no caminho traçado para a cidadania, no Estado patrimonial, na universidade pública e no papel dos formadores de professores diante dos mecanismos de participação, este texto objetiva problematizar a formação de professores como um eixo fundante da promoção dos valores que fomentam a atuação voltada para uma gestão democrática na escola, bem como o entendimento da sua importância. Para cumprir com tal objetivo, é feito um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa. Partimos do pressuposto de que, na Educação Superior, a discussão crítica sobre o papel do Estado e a participação popular estimulam a formação de professores comprometida com uma proposta de educação (e gestão) conduzida por um processo efetivamente democrático. Esse adjetivo empregado junto ao Estado brasileiro tem um caminho complexo e lento de firmamento de raízes em solo não tão fértil, o que faz com que seja necessário discutir tais idiossincrasias, temendo ventos fortes no sentido contrário, que abalem o pouco de sombra que se formou até aqui.

The Covid 19 threat is now absorbing the attention of the world, requiring an immediate response and pushing the threat of climate change off the front pages. In the previous century there were a s...

Over the past few years, Yemen has become synonymous with mediation failure. This contrasts sharply with the situation in the early 2010s, when the United Nations played a crucial role in persuading Yemen’s long-serving President, Ali Abdullah Saleh, to step down from power and, at least initially, successfully steered the country during the ensuing political transition. By analyzing UN mediation efforts during the mandate of Special Adviser Jamal Benomar, the article draws attention to the multiple shifting benchmarks for success. It adopts a phase-differentiated approach to mediation evaluation, which not only allows for recognition of earlier successes, but also enables an analysis of relevant factors influencing mediation success or failure in different stages of the mediation process. In the final instance, the analysis suggests that the eventual failure of UN mediation in Yemen can be traced to conflict and contextual factors rather than the mediator or the mediation process.

Based on documentary scientific methodology, the legal aspects of the circulation of cryptocurrencies in Ukraine and other countries of the world are analyzed. The relationship between the state's level of economic development and the level of its interest in cryptocurrencies is demonstrated. It was shown that almost all successful states can create and implement their own cryptocurrency. In addition, it was noted how important the issue of choosing the proper form of legal regulation of the cryptocurrency industry is today. For example, many researchers and experts have emphasized that a kind of compromise must be reached on issues related to the legal regulation of cryptocurrencies. It is therefore concluded that this applies to both the sphere of domestic and international law, where clarity, transparency and unambiguousness of legal norms must prevail. Regarding the latter, it is clarified that cryptocurrencies should no longer exist as a shadow source of income for unidentified individuals. Instead, they should be completely banned and eliminated in both the economic and legal fields, or they should be legalized and regulated by current legislation.

The article analyzes the characteristics of the legal regulation of road safety in different countries of the world. In addition, current issues in the field of road safety are revealed, which can be conditionally divided into several groups. Such issues include legal regulation; the structural organization of legal regulation: personnel, material, technical and financial support. The key directions of the state policy of different countries of the world in the field of ensuring road safety are identified, as well as new principles for the formation of criteria to guarantee road safety. It analyses the positive experience of some countries in the field of road safety. In particular, the experience of China, Japan, and some European countries in the field of ensuring road safety could be considered by other countries at the same time as the legal regulation of road safety. It is concluded that, to improve the efficiency of the legal regulation of road safety, a systematic approach is required, including the development of objective indicators, the use of systematic and evidence-based measures aimed at preventing road accidents and reducing the severity of their consequences.

In The Long Shadow of the State: Financializing the Chinese City, Fulong Wu uncovers the salience of financial imperatives where otherwise unexpected. Querying whether there is a discernable financ...

The article explores ethical conceptualisations of time that take the existence of the embodied Other in education into consideration. Kristeva’s time/memory paradox is discussed with regard to teachers’ everyday judgements in relation to student learning. In conclusion, learning as an unruptured endeavour is impossible when the time of the embodied Other is taken into account. In this sense, teachers need to be aware of: 1) the time gap between people, 2) the time gap between the conscious and subconscious (time/timelessness), 3) the fact that teachers’ and students’ meaning-making is always tainted by past memory, 4) the ways in which the timelessness of the subconscious crashes into conscious meaning-making in the present and creates ruptures that affect the content of learning and the life conditions of Others, 5) how frozen time (shadow of time) can be used as a way of learning from ruptures, and 6) that processing time(s) is just as important as ‘progressing in it’.

Spatial mobility is often considered on large geographical scales: people move from distant villages to global cities, they migrate from one country to the next, or even to a whole new continent. S...

The author reviews current examples of institutionalized homo-, bi-, and transphobia expressed by right-wing politicians and the Catholic Church in Poland. He uses the Gestalt theory of shame to un...

While qualitative research on intellectual disability is on the rise, researchers have frequently reported that their methods bring methodological and ethical challenges. The authors advance shadow...

The year 2020 was dominated by the Covid-19 pandemic, which created a modus operandi of ongoing crisis management. Indeed, ensuring the safety of people at the same time as facing the unavoidable economic and social setbacks presented a truly severe challenge. In the shadow of the pandemic, however, crucial changes affecting human rights, local selfgovernment and education were also introduced.

Many experts expressed their point of view about the harmful impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. Without disputing this position, which is popular in Russian and foreign media, the authors have been conducted research on the shadow market of services in 19 regions of Russia in 2020 and 2021, and have been concluded that the global pandemic has an extremely insignificant negative impact on the shadow market of services in Russia. The majority of shadow respondents did not note a significant decrease in the level of income due to the pandemic, nor a change in professional employment, nor a significant change in the level of competition. The reasons for this state of affairs became: high social mobility, social activity, high adaptability of the shadow market to any crises and changes than in the official sectors of the economy, a high level of trust between subjects and consumers of services in this sector of the economy, a high speed of reaction of this market to the needs of customers.

The article analyzes the Brexit’s impact on the functioning of the European Economic Area (EEA). Brexit renewed interest to EEA format, as one of the options for future relations between the United Kingdom and the EU. But so close cooperation under the control of the Union did not meet the interests of Britain, which chose the greatest distance from EU rules and regulations. For nonEUEEAcountries (Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein) Brexit entailed a visible political and economic shake-up. First, the fact of the country’s exit from the EU and the tough position of the British government contributed to the growth of Eurosceptic rhetoric in the non-EU EEA countries. Secondly, in connection with the withdrawal of the UK from all structures of the European Union, these countries had a need to sign new trade and fisheries agreements. These processes were of the greatest impact for Norway, as the most significant player in the EEA, a non-EU member. Analyzing these processes, the author comes to the conclusion that Brexit did not have a significant impact on the functioning of the EEA, but increased interest in various external formats of integration. In addition, the domestic political discourse has become more acute regarding the possible revision of the format of relations with the EU, especially in Norway, which is largely due to national elections, but, according to the author, this will not lead to real changes in the existing parameters of relations.

The protection and enhancement of places of cultural heritage in their contemporary context stand as major challenges in Euro-Mediterranean peri-urban areas, where heritage is vast and urbanization pressure is extremely high. This article refers to those historical and archaeological sites that are considered “minor” as they lack “exceptional character”, or they appear in the shadow of major monuments and, thus, fall marginally within the scope of mainstream cultural policy priorities to protect and enhance significant monuments and heritage sites. This study presents the results of exploratory qualitative research that addresses questions about the in situ actual future and potential role of “minor” sites in cultural heritage awareness-raising and management. In a sustainable perspective, this article discusses the value of heritage fragments and public involvement in their enhancement within their territory with the use of digital resources and ICT. This study focuses on the alienated Small Temple on the beach of Loutsa within the wider archaeological area of Vravrona on the east coast of the metropolitan area of Attica/Athens. It concludes that co-creation of shared narratives can create a dynamic interface and constructive involvement of stakeholders and local communities provided that smart applications are combined and adapted to the specificities and conditions of the wider context.

PurposeIn this paper, the authors examine how economic growth shapes the shadow economy in the long and short run.Design/methodology/approachUsing annual time series data from Uganda, drawn from various data sources, covering the period from 1991 to 2017, the authors apply the ARDL modeling approach to cointegration.FindingsThis paper finds that an increase in economic growth significantly reduces the size of the shadow economy, in both the long and short run, all else equal. However, the long-run relationship between the shadow economy and growth is non-linear. The results suggest that the rise of the shadow economy could partially be attributed to the slow and sluggish rate of economic growth.Practical implicationsThese findings imply that addressing informality requires addressing underlying factors of underdevelopment since improvements in economic growth also translate into a reduction in the size of the shadow economy in the short and long run.Originality/valueThese findings reveal that the low level of economic growth is an issue because it spurs informal sector activities in the short run. However, as the economy improves, it becomes an incentive for individuals to operate in the informal sector. Additionally, tackling shadow activities in the short run could help improve tax revenue collection.

Purpose: based on the analysis of foreign experience, opinions of leading Rus-sian scientists and established legal practice, the article suggests a number of measures to improve the effectiveness of detecting the facts of legalization (laundering) of money or other property acquired by a person (other persons) as a result of committing a crime (by criminal means). Discussion: the shadow sector, in one scale or another, exists in the economy of any state. There are various methods for assessing its structure and volume, each state seeks to resist the development and strengthening of the shadow component of its economic system. Results: the continuous development of institutions of responsibility for the legalization (laundering) of money or other property obtained by criminal means is one of the most important areas of countering the crimi-nalization of the national economic system of Russia, an effective obstacle to the infusion of criminally accumulated resources into the country's economy and a significant factor in countering the shadow the economy as a whole.

In its current form, the field of social work does not reflect the ongoing reality of Black death and the embeddedness of anti-Blackness in everyday life. This omission leads to catastrophic failures of the profession’s most essential tasks: the advancement of social justice and future social workers’ education. This paper will discuss why the police’s ongoing murder of Black people will not be resolved by simply replacing the police with social workers. We will argue that social workers serving Black people must anchor their work in theoretical perspectives articulated by Black people. Finally, we challenge social work to live up to its social justice mission by divesting from systems of social control and anchoring their work in theoretical perspectives articulated by Black people.

Within a policy regime increasingly focused on measurement, Australian Indigenous students are highly visible in school education debates as underperforming subjects for intervention. This is consistent with broader Indigenous policy discourse, which highlights disadvantage and deficit. At the same time, their Indigeneity, while acknowledged in principle, becomes less visible as the concentration on English literacy and the increasing focus on schooling as a pathway to economic participation has intensified. Recent shifts in education policy narratives of Indigeneity have the potential to counter these trends, and allow Indigeneity to emerge from the shadows of dominant policy frameworks. In this article, we argue that these shifts, while too early to translate into outcomes, deserve attention.

Played by billions, videogames have become perhaps the pre-eminent way in which the public experience, engage with, and encounter the war on terror and its legacies. As Stahl argues, 9/11 and “the ...

Теневая экономика проникает практически во все экономические сферы жизнедеятельности общества. Она включает в себя различные экономические отношения, которые находятся за рамками закона в областях производства, потребления, обмена и распределения. Воспрепятствование теневой экономике, предстающей одной из базовых угроз экономической безопасности страны, есть необычайно актуальное явление в настоящее время. Современное состояние сектора теневой экономики в России весьма динамично развивается, что влечет за собой негативное воздействие на социально-экономическое положение государства. В основном, это относится к представителям малого и среднего бизнеса, который занимается предоставлением услуг и производством разнообразных товаров. Актуальность избранной тематики заключается в том, что сейчас в России большой процент теневых доходов, тогда, как эти деньги могли быть направлены на становление и развитие МСП, особенно во времена обостренной пандемии, что позволило бы минимизировать экономическую напряженность и нарастить результативность государственных финансов. The shadow economy penetrates almost all economic spheres of society. It includes various economic relations that are outside the scope of the law in the areas of production, consumption, exchange and distribution. The obstruction of the shadow economy, which appears to be one of the basic threats to the economic security of the country, is an extremely relevant phenomenon at the present time. The current state of the shadow economy sector in Russia is developing very dynamically, which entails a negative impact on the socio-economic situation of the state. This mainly applies to representatives of small and medium-sized businesses that provide services and produce a variety of goods. The relevance of the chosen topic lies in the fact that now there is a large percentage of shadow income in Russia, while this money could be used for the formation and development of SMEs, especially during times of an acute pandemic, which would minimize economic tension and increase the effectiveness of public finances.

This article explores individual resistance related to a military organization’s gender equality work as expressed in online contexts. Resistance is explained as expressions of wider social conflic...

This paper analyzes the effect of refugee inflows on the shadow, or underground, economy of host nations using panel data for 120 countries over the 1991–2017 period. The results show that refugee ...

PurposeA retrospective action-research case study of one branch of the University and College Union (UCU) is used to show how threshold requirements of the Act can be systematically beaten.Design/methodology/approachThe paper responds to calls for “best practice” on how trade unions may react to member voting threshold requirements of the Trade Union Act 2016 (the Act). A broader aim is to make a theoretical contribution related to trade union organising and tactics in “get the vote out” (GTVO) industrial action organising campaigns.FindingsFindings are presented as a lead organiser's first-hand account of a successful GTVO campaign contextualised in relation to theories of organising. The findings offer “best practice” for union organisers required to beat the Act's voting thresholds and also contribute to theories surrounding trade union organising tactics.Research limitations/implicationsFurther development and adaptation of the proposed model may be required when applied to larger bargaining units and different organising contexts.Practical implicationsThe findings can inform the organising practices/tactics of trade unions in relation to statutory ballots. The findings also allow Human Resource (HR) practitioners to reflect on their approach to dealing with unions capable of mounting successful GTVO campaigns.Social implicationsThe findings have the potential to collectively empower workers, via their trade unions, to defend and further their interests in a post-financial crisis context and in the shadow of the Covid-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThis is the first known empirical account of organising to exceed voting thresholds of the Act, providing practical steps for union organisers in planning for statutory ballots. Further value lies in the paper's use of a novel first-hand account of a GTVO campaign, offering a new and first, theoretical model of organising tactics to beat the Act.

Анотація. Узагальнено аргументи і контраргументи в межах наукової дискусії з питання взаємозв’язку між тіньовими економічними процесами і корупційними схемами в країні. Основною метою проведеного дослідження є ретроспективний і поточний аналізу стану наукових публікацій, присвячених проблемам протидії корупції та тіньової економіки, на міжнародному рівні на основі використання сервісу SciVal та VOSViewerv. Актуальність розв’язання наукової проблеми полягає в необхідності переходу від традиційного огляду наукових публікацій до новітнього підходу, що передбачає встановлення крос-тематик, а також міждисциплінарних та міжнаціональних зв’язків при дослідженні обраної наукової проблематики. Дослідження питання взаємоз’язку між рівнем корупції у країні та масштабами тіньової економіки здійснено в такій логічній послідовності: визначення динаміки наукових статей, присвячених проблемам протидії корупції та тіньових процесам; установлення найбільш цитованих наукових статей і видань з визначеної проблематики; проведення аналізу дослідницьких областей у SciVal, установлення перспективних напрямів дослідження обраної проблематики. Для моніторингу наукових публікацій, у яких висвітлюється питання взаємодії корупції з тіньовими економічними процесами, використано дані наукометричної бази Scopus за період 1996—2021 рр. Для проведення бібліометричного аналізу відібрано 4 696 наукових публікацій з визначеної проблематики. У середньому близько 40 % публікацій, присвячених дослідженню корупції та тіньової економіки, опубліковано вченими з країн Європи. Установлено, що 15 % публікацій, які присвячені питанням корупції та тіньової діяльності, належать до кластера «Грошово-кредитна політика; економічне зростання; експорт», рівень промінентності якого становить 94,448. За період 2011—2020 рр. науковці Шеффілдського університету (Великобританія), Оксфорського університету (Великобританія), Австралійського національного університету (Австралія) опублікували найбільшу кількість наукових праць, присвячених дослідженню зв’язку між корупцією і тіньовою економікою. На основі аналізу метаданих наукових публікацій виокремлено чотири змістовні кластери з використанням інструментарію VOSViewerv. Дослідження теоретично доводить, що корупція та тінізація економіки є складними та багатоаспектними явищами, які можуть як взаємодоповнювати, так і взаємообумовлювати один одного, а також мають системноважливий вплив на темпи соціально-економічного розвитку країни. Ключові слова: тіньова економіка, корупція, бібліометричний аналіз, кластер, нелегальна діяльність. Формул: 0; рис.: 4; табл.: 2; бібл.: 21.

The relevance of the problem of measuring shadow activity and its significance for the purposes of macroeconomic analysis and forecasting is emphasized. The importance of forming an adequate methodological base for measuring shadow activity and developing an information support system for its research is substantiated. The existing approaches to the definition of shadow activity and methods of its measurement are analyzed. The possibility of building an information base and obtaining appropriate estimates of shadow activity on the basis of resource and use tables developed at the national level is evaluated. The possibility of using the resource approach as the most objective method of reflecting the volume and components of shadow activity at the sectoral and macro levels is studied. The conditions for the use of the resource approach are determined, taking into account the specifics of the industry features of the formation of output and intermediate consumption indicators. The possibility of constructing dynamic series of indicators constructed using the resource approach for analytical purposes is evaluated.

This article provides a theoretical contribution to the contemporary debates regarding the legitimacy and effects of supplementary tutoring, also known as shadow education. Shadow education is notably pervasive in South Korea, and accounting for high rates of domestic expenditure and increasing time demands on young people’s lives. The paper traces the historical and cultural reasons for the widespread uptake of shadow education amongst young students in the South Korean context and problematises what it means to be educated by juxtaposing leading scholars’ perceptions of the fundamental aims of education. Delving into the reality of shadow education whilst also revealing the disruptive nature of this common place practice, the paper concludes by highlighting the need for further empirical research to counterbalance the largely unsubstantiated beliefs and anecdotal evidence regarding its purposes

In my discussion of Dawn Farber’s evocative essay on Tango and Psychoanalysis (this issue) I focus on the body and its affective repertoire as well as its sensorial physicality as our first means o...

This paper considers some of the paradoxes, challenges and opportunities we face in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic. I consider the ways in which masks serve necessary protective functions, whi...

This paper was presented as a response to Meredith-Owen's paper at the inaugural joint conference of The Society of Analytical Psychology and the West Midlands Institute of Psychotherapy in autumn 2020. The author considers the constraints on the personal mother's capacity to facilitate the integration of both the shadow and the unrepressed unconscious. Such a difficult task requires the involvement of an enabling cultural matrix mediated by socio-political systems and structures. The improvement of this cultural matrix relies on alchemical-like processes which would help understanding develop beyond one's own point of view.Cet article a été présenté en réponse à l’article de Meredith-Owen lors de la conférence inaugurale commune à la Society of Analytical Psychology et l’Institut de Psychothérapie des West Midlands, à l’automne 2020. L’auteur examine les contraintes qui affectent la capacité de la mère personnelle à faciliter l’intégration de l’ombre et de l’inconscient non-refoulé. Une tâche si difficile requiert l’implication d’une matrice culturelle aidante arbitrée ou soutenue par des systèmes et des structures socio-politiques. L’amélioration de cette fameuse matrice culturelle dépend de processus apparentés à l’alchimie, qui aideraient à étendre la compréhension au-delà du propre point de vue de chacun.Dieser Beitrag wurde als Antwort auf das Papier von Meredith-Owen auf der ersten gemeinsamen Konferenz der Society of Analytical Psychology und des West Midlands Institute of Psychotherapy im Herbst 2020 vorgestellt. Der Autor betrachtet die Beschränkungen der Fähigkeit der persönlichen Mutter, die Integration sowohl des Schattens als auch des nicht unterdrückten Unbewußten zu unterstützen. Eine solch schwierige Aufgabe erfordert die Einbeziehung einer befähigenden kulturellen Matrix, die durch gesellschaftspolitische Systeme und Strukturen vermittelt wird. Die Verbesserung dieser kulturellen Matrix hängt von der Alchemie ähnlichen Prozessen ab die dazu beitragen würden, daß sich Verstehen über den eigenen Standpunkt hinaus entwickelt.Questo lavoro è stato presentato in risposta al lavoro di Meredith-Owen per l'inaugurazione della conferenza congiunta della The Society of Analytical Psychology e del West Midlands Institute of Psychotherapy nell'autunno del 2020. L'Autrice considera i vincoli posti dalla capacità materna di facilitare l'integrazione sia dell'ombra che dell'inconscio non represso. Questo difficile compito richiede l'impiego di una matrice culturale mediata da sistemi e strutture socio-politiche. Lo sviluppo di questa matrice culturale si poggia su processi simil-alchemici che potrebbero aiutare a sviluppare una comprensione che oltrepassi il proprio singolo punto di vista.Эта статья была написана в ответ на выступление Мередит-Оуэна на инаугарационной совместной конференции Общества Аналитической Психологии и Института Психотерапии Западного Мидландс осенью 2020 года. Автор рассматривает ограничения способности личной матери фасилитировать интеграцию тени и невытесненного бессознательного. Такая сложная задача требует вовлечения помогающей культурной матрицы, опосредованной социально-политическими системами и структурами. Улучшение этой культурной матрицы основывается на алхимических процессах, которые помогут расширить понимание и выйти за рамки собственной точки зрения.El presente trabajo fue presentado en la Conferencia inaugural conjunta de la Sociedad de Psicología Analítica y el Instituto de Psicoterapia West Midlands, en otoño 2020, como respuesta al trabajo de Meredith-Owen. La autora considera la capacidad limitada de la madre personal para facilitar la integración de la sombra y del inconsciente no-reprimido. Esta difícil tarea requiere del involucramiento de una matriz cultural facilitadora mediada por estructuras y sistemas socio políticos. La mejora de esta matriz cultural depende de procesos de orden alquímico, los cuales ayudarían al desarrollo de una comprensión que pueda ir más allá del propio punto de vista.回应 William Meredith-Owen的文章:“炼金术之龙:温尼克特趋向客体心灵的路径” 这篇文章是对于William Meredith-Owen发表于2020年秋季, 分析心理学会与中西部地区心理治疗学院联合大会的开幕式上的论文的回应。作者讨论了个人母亲在助长阴影和未受压制的无意识的整合上的局限性。这一高难度的整合任务需要一个能动的文化模型, 透过社会政治系统和结构来进行参与。这一文化模型的改进依赖于炼金术式的过程, 它可以帮助人们发展出对于超越自己观点的视角的理解。.

In only a decade, the BRICS group has achieved policy coordination among five very disparate countries and has started presenting a serious challenge to the status quo in global governance. It is now collaborating on many policy issues and delegating authority to a range of BRICS organizations. Since the inception of BRICS, the protracted India–China rivalry has cast a dark shadow over the group. In the aftermath of the India–China standoff in Ladakh, especially the Galwan Valley clash evoking memories of more serious clashes such as those at Nathu La in 1967 and even the 1962 border war, a crucial axis of BRICS cooperation – the India–China relationship – has deteriorated. This Special Section examines whether the India–China rivalry will render BRICS dysfunctional. Will the BRICS group be broken? The contributors will analyse whether BRICS can be a pacifying force and outline the prospects for the development of BRICS in light of the India–China crisis.

During the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic, reports emerged that lockdowns were increasing the prevalence of domestic and family violence (DFV) in Australia and across the world. The lockdowns and restrictions were necessary to contain the pandemic. However, leaders in the domestic family violence sector expressed concerns early during 2020 that these lockdowns would lead to the escalation of domestic and family violence. Calling it a shadow pandemic, the United Nations Secretary‐General urged all governments to prioritise the prevention of violence against women in their national response plan for COVID‐19. To gain some insight into the Australian context, a Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Centre for Justice research team conducted a nationwide survey to assess the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on DFV services and their clients. Findings based on survey data from 362 participants from the DFV sector, including 1,507 qualitative responses, confirm the concerns raised early in the COVID‐19 pandemic. This article provides an overview of the survey results, discusses the findings in the light of national international research and highlights the resources needed to strengthen the DFV sector in the future.

This article examines how Guyana’s storm early warning system shapes political imaginaries of climate adaptation. Specifically, it focuses on the reactions people have to the forms of gridlock that can make intense flooding, and climate change more generally, feel like an insurmountable problem. As I detail throughout this article, gridlock is an object of intervention in the development, maintenance, and operations of the storm early warning system. The management of gridlock is synonymous with aspirations to make more consistent institutional arrangements of vigilance. But Civil Defense Commission staff and village residents run into difficulties making enhancements because gridlock unfolds across multiple historical tenses. That is, as they implement the storm early warning system, gridlock reveals itself as a product of past and ongoing governmental practices that permeate the present in ways that shape uncertainty about the future. In this respect, this article extends conversations in anthropological scholarship on anticipation around the different configurations of political time within contexts of climate change/risk and governance.