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The transcription factor receptor‐interacting protein 140 (RIP140) regulates intestinal homeostasis and tumorigenesis through Wnt signaling. In this study, we investigated its effect on the Notch/HES1 signaling pathway. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, RIP140 positively regulated HES1 gene expression at the transcriptional level via a recombining binding protein suppressor of hairless (RBPJ)/neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NICD)‐mediated mechanism. In support of these in vitro data, RIP140 and HES1 expression significantly correlated in mouse intestine and in a cohort of CRC samples, thus supporting the positive regulation of HES1 gene expression by RIP140. Interestingly, when the Notch pathway is fully activated, RIP140 exerted a strong inhibition of HES1 gene transcription controlled by the level of HES1 itself. Moreover, RIP140 directly interacts with HES1 and reversed its mitogenic activity in human CRC cells. In line with this observation, HES1 levels were associated with a better patient survival only when tumors expressed high levels of RIP140. Our data identify RIP140 as a key regulator of the Notch/HES1 signaling pathway, with a dual effect on HES1 gene expression at the transcriptional level and a strong impact on colon cancer cell proliferation.

Proper names and naming are an integral component of dramatic texts. However, to date, scant and fragmented scholarly attention has been given to the connection between proper names and key dramatic elements—namely, stage directions, characterization, and plot progression. This paper adopts corpus linguistics as a method to show how a corpus linguistic approach to onomastics in drama can, on the one hand, provide analysts with a scoping overview of names and naming in plays, and, on the other hand, offer a richer insight into core dramatic elements. Using as a case study Edward Childs Carpenter’s play The Cinderella-Man (1915), it argues that corpus analysis and visualization techniques such as keyword analysis, frequency analysis, concordance analysis, collocation analysis, and dispersion plot analysis can enrich the study of names and naming in drama. The paper contributes to and extends recent research that has called for the incorporation of corpus linguistic approaches in onomastics research.

Diante dos desafios apresentados pela aprendizagem de Cálculo, no Ensino Superior, este artigo investiga e analisa os processos metacognitivos envolvidos na escolha de estratégias de aprendizagem e utilização das tecnologias educacionais por dez estudantes de Cálculo I, do curso de Engenharia de Controle e Automação de um Instituto Federal do Paraná. Para isso apresentamos os conceitos sobre tecnologias educacionais e metacognição, necessários para a análise dos dados, que foram coletados por meio de questionário/formulário on-line, e analisados utilizando a Análise Textual Discursiva, buscando as percepções, acerca do processo de aprendizagem em Cálculo destes estudantes, desta análise emergiram as categorias: tecnologias educacionais, resolução de exercícios, estudando, não aprendeu, revisando, explicação do professor e anotações. Com essa investigação foi possível evidenciar a presença de processos metacognitivos na percepção e na escolha da estratégia de aprendizagem, em especial ao complementar as explicações do professor realizadas em sala de aula, por explicações em ambientes digitais externos à instituição de ensino, estratégia amplamente utilizadas no período da pandemia, que foram mantidas pelos estudantes, o que deduzimos ser um comportamento de um aprendiz metacognitivo incitados pelos novos modelos de aquisição de informação.

Author(s): Michel Sfeir [sup.1] , Marwan Akel [sup.2] , Souheil Hallit [sup.3] [sup.4] , Sahar Obeid [sup.5] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.9851.5, 0000 0001 2165 4204, Institute of Psychology (IP), Faculty [...], General well-being is best described as the state of mind that gives people happiness and satisfaction in life. This concept is influenced by behaviors and attitudes that individuals do on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to understand how general well-being is correlated with other factors such as emotional intelligence, Covid-19-induced fear, healthy lifestyle, and coping strategies. This cross-sectional study was carried out between December 2020 and January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic when lockdown restrictions were implemented at different instances. A total of 470 individuals participated. The results of a linear regression, taking the general well-being schedule score as the dependent variable, showed that more avoidance coping (B = 1.05, t(459) =8.44, p < 0.001), higher healthy lifestyle scores (B = 0.45, t(459) = 5.45, p < 0.001), and more approach coping (B = 0.42, t(459) = 4.03, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher GWB schedule scores. Moreover, having more fear of COVID-19 (B = -0.62, t(459) = -5.09, p < 0.001) and female gender (B = -6.80, t(459) = -4.34, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with lower GWB schedule scores. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Lebanon to evaluate GWB and factors that predict it among the general population. Nevertheless, more comprehensive future studies with longitudinal designs, more diverse socio-demographic backgrounds of sampled population recruited via probability sampling, and more reliable and valid instruments utilized are warranted to confirm our findings and draw a more certain conclusion.

Abstract Singlet fission and triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion are two multiexciton processes intimately related to the dynamic interaction between one high-lying energy singlet and two low-lying energy triplet excitons. Here, we introduce a series of dendritic macromolecules that serve as platform to study the effect of interchromophore interactions on the dynamics of multiexciton generation and decay as a function of dendrimer generation. The dendrimers (generations 1–4) consist of trimethylolpropane core and 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) dendrons that provide exponential growth of the branches, leading to a corona decorated with pentacenes for SF or anthracenes for TTA-UC. The findings reveal a trend where a few highly ordered sites emerge as the dendrimer generation grows, dominating the multiexciton dynamics, as deduced from optical spectra, and transient absorption spectroscopy. While the dendritic structures enhance TTA-UC at low annihilator concentrations in the largest dendrimers, the paired chromophore interactions induce a broadened and red-shifted excimer emission. In SF dendrimers of higher generations, the triplet dynamics become increasingly dominated by pairwise sites exhibiting strong coupling (Type II), which can be readily distinguished from sites with weaker coupling (Type I) by their spectral dynamics and decay kinetics.

Desde hace algunos años se ha venido estudiando la calidad de vida vinculada a diferentes perspectivas, circunstancias, contextos y poblaciones, todo con el propósito de entender cómo este constructo influye en los diversos ámbitos en que se ve inmerso; uno de estos contextos, por ejemplo, es el rendimiento académico. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida global, la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud y sus dimensiones con el rendimiento académico en jóvenes estudiantes. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo-correlacional, con un corte transversal, en una población de estudiantes residentes del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Para medir la calidad de vida, se utilizó la escala WHOQOL-BREF. Para la evaluación del rendimiento académico se pidió a los participantes que indicaran el promedio total acumulado del semestre o período anterior. Toda la información fue trasladada al software SPSS 25. Se realizaron pruebas de normalidad, tendencia central y dispersión, así como la prueba de correlación de Spearman. Se identificaron dos relaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas en los dominios ambiental y psicosocial; la única relación negativa fue la del dominio social. Los jóvenes mostraron puntajes adecuados en la autopercepción de calidad de vida en general y relacionada con la salud. El rendimiento académico fue de 3,6 ± 0,49. En conclusión, no existe una correlación significativa entre la calidad de vida, la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y el rendimiento académico. Por otra parte, se pudo identificar que existe una relación positiva y significativa entre el dominio ambiental y psicosocial y el rendimiento académico, lo que podría sugerir que una mayor satisfacción de las condiciones del entorno y una adecuada salud psicológica podrían favorecer el desempeño académico.

IntroductionWell-being of young adults is known to be compromised in times of significant changes, such as economic and political turmoil. This study focuses on university students in Lebanon during one of the most prominent social unrests of its modern history to determine potential understudied protective factors that would predict the youth capacity to strive.MethodsA sample of 489 university students were asked to fill an online survey including standardized questionnaires of wellbeing (WEMWBS), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (HAM-A), intolerance of uncertainty (IUS-12), coping (Brief COPE) in addition to demographics and questions about their attitudes and future perspectives.ResultsWe found increased rates of mental distress, predominantly in women, with around 80% of the sample being highly intolerant to the uncertainty climate. Results unsurprisingly show that well-being negatively correlated with anxiety, depression and intolerance of uncertainty. Overall, mental distress was found to mediate the relation between uncertainty and wellbeing, and the relation between maladaptive coping and wellbeing. Students who were intolerant of uncertainty and who used maladaptive coping strategies were more likely develop anxiety and depression and subsequently report poorer wellbeing. Conversely, having adaptive strategies was directly linked to higher well-being.DiscussionIn spite of increased distress, some university students managed to preserve their well-being within a climate of severe socio-political uprise. These findings suggest that modifying subjective experience of events and using soft skillset could alleviate young adults’ emotional distress in unstable societies.

Abstract Photodetectors operating across the short‐, mid‐, and long‐wave infrared (SWIR–LWIR, λ = 1–14 µm) underpin modern science, technology, and society in profound ways. Narrow bandgap semiconductors that form the basis for these devices require complex manufacturing, high costs, cooling, and lack compatibility with silicon electronics, attributes that remain prohibitive for their widespread usage and the development of emerging technologies. Here, a photoconductive detector, fabricated using a solution‐processed narrow bandgap conjugated polymer is demonstrated that enables charge carrier generation in the infrared and ultrasensitive SWIR–LWIR photodetection at room temperature. Devices demonstrate an ultralow electronic noise that enables outstanding performance from a simple, monolithic device enabling a high detectivity (D*, the figure of merit for detector sensitivity) >2.44 × 109 Jones (cm Hz1/2 W−1) using the ultralow flux of a blackbody that mirrors the background emission of objects. These attributes, ease of fabrication, low dark current characteristics, and highly sensitive operation overcome major limitations inherent within modern narrow–bandgap semiconductors, demonstrate practical utility, and suggest that uncooled detectivities superior to many inorganic devices can be achieved at high operating temperatures.

The plant rhizosphere harbors a diverse population of microorganisms, including beneficial plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), that colonize plant roots and enhance growth and productivity. In order to specifically define bacterial traits that contribute to this beneficial interaction, we used high-throughput transposon mutagenesis sequencing (TnSeq) in two model root-bacterium systems associated with Setaria viridis: Azoarcus olearius DQS4T and Herbaspirillum seropedicae SmR1. This approach identified ∼100 significant genes for each bacterium that appeared to confer a competitive advantage for root colonization. Most of the genes identified specifically in A. olearius encoded metabolism functions, whereas genes identified in H. seropedicae were motility related, suggesting that each strain requires unique functions for competitive root colonization. Genes were experimentally validated by site-directed mutagenesis, followed by inoculation of the mutated bacteria onto S. viridis roots individually, as well as in competition with the wild-type strain. The results identify key bacterial functions involved in iron uptake, polyhydroxybutyrate metabolism, and regulation of aromatic metabolism as important for root colonization. The hope is that by improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms used by PGPB to colonize plants, we can increase the adoption of these bacteria in agriculture to improve the sustainability of modern cropping systems.IMPORTANCE There is growing interest in the use of associative, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biofertilizers to serve as a sustainable alternative for agriculture application. While a variety of mechanisms have been proposed to explain bacterial plant growth promotion, the molecular details of this process remain unclear. The current research supports the idea that PGPB use in agriculture will be promoted by gaining more knowledge as to how these bacteria colonize plants, promote growth, and do so consistently. Specifically, the research seeks to identify those bacterial genes involved in the ability of two, PGPB strains, Azoarcus olearius and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, to colonize the roots of the C4 model grass Setaria viridis. Applying a transposon mutagenesis (TnSeq) approach, we assigned phenotypes and function to genes that affect bacterial competitiveness during root colonization. The results suggest that each bacterial strain requires unique functions for root colonization but also suggests that a few, critical functions are needed by both bacteria, pointing to some common mechanisms. The hope is that such information can be exploited to improve the use and performance of PGPB in agriculture.

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an important research problem relevant to a variety of sustainable energy technologies. However, obtaining high photocatalytic efficiency from visible light absorbing semiconductors is challenging due to a combination of weak absorption, transport losses, and low activity. Aspects of this problem have been addressed by multilayer approaches, which provide a general scheme for engineering surface reactivity and stability independent of electronic considerations. However, an analogous broad framework for optimizing light–matter interactions has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we establish a photonic approach using semiconductor metasurfaces that is highly effective in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of GaAs, a high-performance semiconductor with a near-infrared bandgap. Our engineered pillar arrays with heights of ∼150 nm exhibit Mie resonances near 700 nm that result in near-unity absorption and exhibit a field profile that maximizes charge carrier generation near the solid–liquid interface, enabling short transport distances. Our hybrid metasurface photoanodes facilitate oxygen evolution and exhibit enhanced incident photon-to-current efficiencies that are ∼22× larger than a corresponding thin film for resonant excitation and 3× larger for white light illumination. Key to these improvements is the preferential generation of photogenerated carriers near the semiconductor interface that results from the field enhancement profile of magnetic dipolar-type modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]