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52. Prospective Analysis of Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of MRSA in a Turkish University Hospital.

Author

Savaş, Lütfü, Duran, Nýzamý, Önlen, Yusuf, Savaş, Nazan, and Erayman, Mustafa

Subjects
RESEARCH, ANTIBIOTICS, METHICILLIN resistance, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus infections, VANCOMYCIN, UNIVERSITY hospitals
Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important nosocomial pathogen. The prevalence of MRSA in many countries is increasing and, in some hospitals, more than half of all S. aureus disease isolates are MRSA. MRSA strains are becoming increasingly multiresistant, and have recently developed resistance to vancomycin, which has been used successfully to treat MRSA for more than 30 years. In-vitro determination of resistance patterns of S. aureus is critical in terms of administering suitable antimicrobial treatments. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of MRSA from various clinical samples and resistance patterns against various antibiotics used broadly for treatments. All isolated S. aureus strains were identified using standard procedures and tested for oxacillin resistance according to methods of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. A total of 345 coagulase-positive Staphylococci and 187 MRSA were isolated. We found that the incidence of MRSA in intensive care units (ICUs) and burn center was 23.4% (145/620) and 29.6% (32/108), respectively. This rate was 7% (10/143) in the other units. Resistance rates of MRSA were 29.9% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 60.8% for clindamycin, 71.8% for erythromycin, 7.7% for teikoplanin, 90.1% for gentamycin, 88.8% for ofloxacin, 88.1% for norfloxacin and 100% for penicillin. All isolates were found to be sensitive against vancomycin. In our region, although methicillin resistance increased in S. aureus strains, teicoplanin resistance remained low in MRSA, suggesting an effective alternative treatment for Staphylococcus aureus infections. These results indicated that vancomycin seemed to be the only antimicrobial agent effective against MRSA and it could be the choice of medicine in treating multidrug resistant MRSA infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005

53. The Prevalence and Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Intensive Care Units in a University Hospital.

Author

Savaş, Lütfü, Duran, Nizami, Savaş, Nazan, Önlen, Yusuf, and Ocak, Sabahattýn

Subjects
RESEARCH, PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa, INTENSIVE care units, NOSOCOMIAL infections, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, ANTIBIOTICS, AZTREONAM, PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa infections, PATIENTS
Abstract

The intensive care units (ICUs) are burdened with a high frequency of nosocomial infections often caused by multiresistant nosocomial pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has emerged as one of the most problematic Gram-negative pathogens. The objective of this study was to identify frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the various clinical samples in ICUs, and to investigate resistance patterns against various antibiotics widely used for treatment. This study was carried out between September 2000-September 2002. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disc diffusion method according to NCCLS (National Commitee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards) guidelines. The following antibiotics were tested: imipenem, meropenem, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin, norfloxacin and the aminoglycosides (gentamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin, and amikacin). Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from 16.4 % (152/928) of the patients in ICUs. The highest Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation was obtained in the burns unit (26.9%, 78/290) followed by, cardiovascular surgical ICU (17.6%, 13/74) general surgical ICU (24/164, 14.6 %), internal ICU (17/180, 9.4%) and coronary ICU (20/220, 9.1%). There is a statististically significant difference between surgical ICU and medical internal ICU (P < 0.05). The most effective antibiotics were carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem) and the resistance rates were detected as 15% and 20.4%, respectively among 152 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. In conclusion, the frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be high in patients treated at ICUs. The results demonstrate that the resistance rates are alarmingly high. To reduce the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in ICUs, monitoring and optimisation of antimicrobial use should be considered carefully. These findings suggest that the resistance rates of aminoglycosides, 3th generation antibiotics and quinolone are increasing progressively in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005

55. ANTAKYA SEMT PAZARLARINDA KENDİ ÜRETTİKLERİ TARIMSAL SAĞLIK RİSKLERİ

Author

SAVAŞ, Nazan, İNANDI, Tacettin, PEKER, Ersin, and ALIŞKIN, Ömer

Abstract

Ülkemizde haftanın belli günlerinde il ve ilçe merkezlerindeki mahallelerde semt pazarları kurulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Antakya semt pazarlarında kendi ürettikleri tarımsal ürünleri satan pazarcıların üretim işleriyle ilgili olabilecek sağlık durumu ve riskli davranışların prevalansını belirlemektir.Kesitsel nitelikteki bu çalışma Antakya Semt pazarlarında kendi tarımsal ürünlerini satan 72 çiftçi pazarcılarda yapılmış, 22-28 Şubat 2012 tarihlerinde veri toplandı.Kronik hastalıklar bakımından değerlendirildiğinde; %43’ünün 31 kronik hastalığı vardı ve %36’sı 26 ilaç kullanıyordu. Kronik hastalığı olanların %61’inin 19 kardiyovasküler, diyabet ve solunum sistemi ile ilgili hastalıkları bulunuyordu. İş sırasında en çok akrep/yılan sokması %20.8 , nefes darlığı %14.9 ve egzema %10.4 şikayetleri yaşamışlardı. Nefes darlığı yaşayan 5 kişiden sadece birinin solunum sistemi hastalığı vardı.

56. MEVSİMLİK TARIM İŞÇİLERİNİN SAĞLIK DURUMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Author

SÜTOLUK, Zeynel, TANIR, Ferdi, SAVAŞ, Nazan, DEMİRHİNDİ, Hakan, and AKBABA, Muhsin

Subjects
seasonal-migration workers,farm,health,diseases
Abstract

According to the data of the state Institute ofstatistics the number of age over 15 employed in our country is approximately 21 million in 2000, among them about 7 million 35.0% work in agricultural. The number is much greater when we take their family members into account. The production in agricultural, sector being done in certain periods leads to the labour demand to be seasonal. Every year about 150.000 migrant seasonalfarm workers, come to Çukurova region in certainperiods, mostly from the Eastern and South-eastern regions some of them live in tents for 6-7months. This study comprising 1399 seasonal farmworkers and their families, applying to Karataþ Primary Health Care Centre between March and October 2002 aimed to determine the most frequentdiseases. The list was found to start with upper respiratory tract infections with 342 persons 24.4% followed by hypertension with 152 10.9% , diarrhoeal intestinal diseases with 115 8.2% , skin disorders with 88 6.3% and by urinary tract infections with 68 4.9% . Furthermore 25 of 31 80.6% malaria cases in the region in 2002 wereidentified in farm workers and their children. Theapplications to the health centre were more frequent between July and September, when the labourdemand was most accentuated. Good selection ofresidential regions for farm workers, water and food hygiene, health education could reduce the frequency of diarrhoea, skin disorders and malaria,mostly originating from environmental conditions, Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü DYE 2000 yılı verilerine göre, ülkemizde istihdam edilen 15 ve üstü yaş grubunun sayısı 21 milyon kadardır ve bunların 7 milyon kadarı %35.0 tarım ile uğraşmaktadır. Aileleriyle birlikte bu sayı daha da artmaktadır. Tarım sektöründe üretimin belirli periyotlarda yapılması, işgücü talebinin de mevsimlik olmasına yol açmaktadır. Çukurova Bölgesi’ne her yıl belirli dönemlerde çoğunluğu Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nden olmak üzere yaklaşık 100-150 bin kadar mevsimlik tarım işçisi gelmekte ve 6-7 ay boyunca çadırlarda yaşamaktadırlar.Bu çalışma Mart Ekim 2002 tarihleri arasında Karataş Sağlık Ocağı’na başvuran 1.399 mevsimlik tarım işçisi ve aileleri için yapılmış olup, en sık görülen hastalıklar ve korunma yolları araştırılmıştır.Araştırmamıza göre, başvurular içerisinde üst solunum yolu enfeksiyon hastalıkları 342 %24.4 kişi ile en sık, hipertansiyon 152 %10.9 kişi ile ikinci, ishal ile seyreden barsak hastalıkları 115 %8.2 kişi ile üçüncü, deri hastalıkları 88 %6.3 kişi ile dördüncü, idrar yolu enfeksiyon hastalıkları ise 68 %4.9 kişi ile beşinci sıklıkta gelmektedir. Bölgede 2002 yılında görülen 31 sıtma vakasının 25’i %80.6 tarım işçileri ve çocuklarında tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık ocağına başvuruların sıklığında Temmuz, Ağustos, Eylül ve Ekim aylarındaki yoğunluk dikkati çekmektedir. Bu aylar bölgede işgücü ihtiyacına en fazla gereksinimin olduğu zamandır.Mevsimlik tarım işçilerinin konakladığı yerlerin iyi seçilmesi, su-besin sanitasyonu, vektörlerle mücadele, düzenli sağlık izlemi ve sağlık eğitimi ile olumsuz çevre koşullarına bağlı ishal, deri hastalıkları ve sıtma gibi sık görülen hastalıkların azaltılması mümkün olacaktır.Anahtar kelimeler: mevsimlik işçi, tarım, sağlık, hastalık.

57. Hatay İli Kisecik Bölgesinde 35-40 Yaş Arası Kadınlarda Serviks Kanseri Taraması.

Author

Nazlıcan, Ersin, Akbaba, Muhsin, Koyuncu, Hikmet, Savaş, Nazan, and Karaca, Burhan

Subjects
*CERVICAL cancer, *CANCER, *WOMEN'S health, *CANCER in women, *CERVICAL cancer patients
Abstract

AIM: Cervical cancer is the most frequently seen genital system cancer in women after endometrium adenocarcinoma. Because cervical is an easy reach organ, early diagnosis can be done due to Papanicolau (Pap) smear in the cancer cases of this organ and prognosis ameliorates considerably. In this ailment there are two peaks. The first one is around the ages 35-39, the second one is around the ages 60-64. The aim of the study is to scan cervical cancer among the women between the ages of 35-40 in the district of Kisecik health office. METHOD: This study is a definitional, society based sectional study performed among the women between the ages of 35- 40 in the district of Kisecik in Hatay. 187 women between the ages of 35- 40 were enrolled to the study; 10 out of 187 women who were single were not included to the study. The study was completed after enrolling 150 women out of 177. Cervical smear samples were taken from the participants; and these samples were evaluated in a pathology laboratory according to the Bethesda 2001 scale. RESULTS: The avarage age of the participants was 37.55±1.77. After the evaluation of the cervical smears in the pathology laboratory, the results were normal for 73 participants (%48.7). 36 participants (%24.0) had non specific inflamation, 20 participants (%13.3) had bacterial vaginosis, 19 participants (%12.7) had seconder reactive changes to the inflamation and 2 participants (%1.3) was reported to be ASC-US. CONCLUSION: By the help of cheap and easily applied Pap smear test, society based scanning programmes can be performed frequently and thus; servical lesions may be detected in early phases. Furthermore through education, the level of information about cervical cancer should be raised and consciousness should be created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

58. Hatay'da çok tehlikeli sınıfta bir fabrikada ergonomi ve iş ile ilişkili kas iskelet sistemi yakınmaları

Author

Erdem, Mehmet, Savaş, Nazan, and Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Halk Sağlığı, Work safety, Musculoskelatal system, Occupational health, Risk factors, Musculoskeletal diseases, Socio-demographic characteristics, Factories, Scales, Public Health, Ergonomics, Workers
Abstract

Amaç: Çok tehlikeli sınıfta yer alan bir fabrikada iş ile ilişkili kas iskeletsistemi rahatsızlıklarının (İKİSR) görülme sıklığını saptayarak İKİSR'ye nedenolabilecek sosyodemografik, iş ile ilişkili ve ergonomik risk faktörlerini ortayakoymak ve konuyla ilgili çalışanlarda ve işverenlerde farkındalık yaratmaktır.Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel nitelikte olup, 2017 yılında Hatay'da çok tehlikelisınıfta yer alan bir fabrikada yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 190 çalışandanoluşmaktadır. Örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmayarak, tüm çalışanların araştırmaya dahiledilmesi hedeflenmiş ve 185 çalışan (%97,3) araştırmaya katılmıştır. Veri toplamadaaraştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan anket formu, Cornell Kas İskelet SistemiRahatsızlık Ölçeği ve RULA ergonomik risk analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. RULAölçeğinden 0-8puan (1-4 derece), Cornell ölçeğinden ise 0-320 puan alınabilmektedir.İKİSR bağımlı değişken, sosyodemografik, iş ile ilişkili ve ergonomik faktörler isebağımsız değişken olarak alınmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde; Shapiro Wilk, Ki-Kare,Mann Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis, korelasyon, lineer ve lojistik regresyon testlerikullanılmış, p0,05). En sık İKİSR yakınması bel bölgesindedir (%34,1). BelİKİSR için risk faktörleri; kronik hastalık (OR=5,35), el aleti kullanma (OR=2,63),RULA puanı (OR=1,61) ve daha önce iş kazası geçirmemedir (OR=1,04).Sonuç: Çok tehlikeli sınıfta yer alan işyerinde çalışanların yarısındanfazlasında İKİSR mevcut olup çalışanların yaklaşık üçte biri yüksek ergonomik riskesahiptir. Bu yönüyle İKİSR çalışanlarda sık görülen önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Ensık rahatsızlık hissedilen vücut bölgesi bel bölgesidir. İKİSR için en önemli riskfaktörleri kadın cinsiyet, fazla bedensel yük, kronik hastalık, çalışırken ağırlıkkaldırma ve el aleti kullanmadır. Bu risk faktörlerine yönelik işe uygun yerleştirme,teknolojiden yararlanma, ergonomik düzenlemeler ve işçi ve işveren eğitimi tarzındaönlemler alınmalıdır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Ergonomi, Cornell Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlık Ölçeği,RULA Aim: The aim of our study is identifying socio-demograpic, work related andergonomic risk factors which lead to work related musculoskeletal diseases (WRMD);in a factory classified as very dangereous class; by determining the frequency ofWRMD and raise awareness amoung related employees and employers.Methods: Our research is cross sectional study and performed in a factory inHatay classified as very dangerous class in 2017. The population of our study consistsof 190 employees. By not using the sampling method; its aimed to include all theemployees and 185 employees (97,3%) attended the study. Survey form created by theresearcher, Cornell Musculoskeletal System Discomfort Scale and RULA ergonomicrisk analysis method were used for data collection. RULA scale 0-8 point and Cornellscale; 0-320 points can be taken. WRMD has been taken as dependent variable whilesociodemographic, work related and ergonomic factors taken as independent factors.Shapiro Wilk, Chi-Square, Mann Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis, correlation, linear andlogistic regression tests were used, p0,05). The most common discomfort was felt in thewaist region (34.1%). Risk factors for waist diseases are; chronic diseases (OR=5,35),hand tool use (OR=2,63), RULA score (OR=1,61) and not suffering industrialaccidents before (OR =1,04). Conclusion:. More than half of employees in a very dangerous workplace haveWRMD and about one third of employees have a high ergonomic risk. This is animportant health problem that is common in employees of WRMD. The most commondiscomfort area is the waist region. The most important risk factors for WRMD arefemale gender, excessive physical burden, chronic illness, working weight lifting andhand tools. Precautions such as proper job placement, utilization of technology,ergonomic regulations, employee and employer training should be taken against theserisk factors.Key words: Ergonomics, Cornell Muculoskeletal Discomfort Questionare,RULA 124

Published
2017

59. Antakya'da bildirimi zorunlu bulaşıcı hastalıkların bildirim durumu, hekimlerin bildirim konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları-2014

Author

Alişkin, Ömer, Savaş, Nazan, and Halk Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Halk Sağlığı, Hatay-Antakya, Health information systems, Knowledge, Physicians, Attitudes, Communicable diseases control, Public Health, Communicable diseases
Abstract

Amaç: Bildirimi zorunlu bulaşıcı hastalıkların bildirim durumunu, hekimlerin bildirim konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını saptamak, bildirimle ilgili sorunlara çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel nitelikteki araştırma Antakya'da Ekim 2014-2015 tarihleri arasında evreni temsil eden, basit rasgele yöntemle seçilmiş birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü basamak sağlık kurumlarında ve hekimlerinde (179) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kurumların 2014 hastalık verileri İl Halk Sağlığı Müdürlüğü'ne bildirilenler ve Türkiye Sağlık İstatistik Modülü verileriyle karşılaştırılmış, hekimlere anket uygulanmıştır. Analizlerde Ki-kare, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney-U testleri kullanılmış, p0,05), tam ve doğru dolduranların meslekteki çalışma süresi daha uzun bulunmuştur (p0.05), it was determined that working time in the profession of the physicians who filled Form 014 accurately and completely (p

Published
2015

60. Association Between Internet Use and Sleep Problems in Adolescents.

Author

Ekinci Ö, Çelik T, Savaş N, and Toros F

Abstract

Introduction: Sleep problems are commonly encountered in adolescents. It has been shown that electronic media have a negative influence on the sleep quality and daytime functioning in adolescents. This study aims to investigate the association between internet use and sleep problems in adolescents., Method: A total of 1212 adolescents were recruited to the study. Self-report study questionnaire included two main parts: Young's Internet Addiction Scale (IAS) and a semi-structured inquiry on sleep habits/problems., Results: Of the study sample, 16% (n=198) reported their sleep quality as bad or very bad. One-fourth of the sample reported using internet everyday and 27% of them reported spending more than one hour when online. The mean IAS total score was 35.56±13.87. Adolescents with a higher IAS score reported getting to bed later in the night, needing more time to fall asleep and having an increased number of awakenings in the night than the adolescents with lower IAS score (p=.001). They were also found to have higher frequencies of several sleep problems including difficulty in initiating and sustaining sleep, difficulty in waking up and feelings of sleepiness in day. In addition, sleep quality of them was worse when compared to the adolescents with a lower IAS score (p=.001)., Conclusion: Problematic sleep habits and sleep problems were found to be more frequent in adolescents with a higher IAS total score. Health care providers must be aware of the possible negative impact of excessive and uncontrolled internet use on adolescents' sleep habits., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors reported no conflict of interest related to this article. Çıkar çatışması: Yazarlar bu makale ile ilgili olarak herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bildirmemişlerdir.

Published
2014
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61. Myocardial perfusion SPECT and dobutamine stress tissue Doppler imaging in evaluation of patients with stable angina pectoris.

Author

Yalçin H, Aktaş A, Erol T, Yapar AF, Aydin M, Savaş N, Yalçin F, and Müderrisoğlu H

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Angina Pectoris surgery, Dobutamine, Echocardiography methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Ischemia diagnostic imaging, Myocardial Revascularization, Radiography, Systole physiology, Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Ventricular Function, Left, Angina Pectoris diagnostic imaging, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon methods
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate longitudinal function of ischemic and nonischemic myocardial tissue detected by Tc-99m MIBI single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) prior to coronary revascularization in patients with stable angina pectoris., Methods: We studied 24 consecutive patients (mean age 62+/-9 years; 5 women) with stable angina pectoris. All patients underwent myocardial perfusion SPECT. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was performed to detect myocardial systolic velocities of anterior, inferior, septum and lateral walls at rest and peak dobutamine stress., Results: A total of 96 segments were visualized with SPECT study. Maximum mean septal, lateral, anterior and inferior TDI systolic velocities were similar in ischemic and nonischemic segments (6.73+/-1.04 cm/sec, 6.93+/-1.34 cm/sec, respectively) at rest. At peak stress, maximum mean TDI systolic velocities were lower in the 37 ischemic segments (11.00+/-2.03 cm/sec) than 59 nonischemic segments (13.76+/-1.97 cm/sec, p = 0.001). Because we detected ischemia in whole group using both diagnostic tests, coronary angiography was decided. Critical coronary artery stenosis related to ischemic segments was detected and coronary revascularization decided., Conclusion: TDI with dobutamine stress can be used in patients with stable angina pectoris. In this study, we observed that quantitative data by TDI associated with SPECT showed an agreement for coronary revascularization.

Published
2010
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