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The management of solid waste is one of the biggest challenges for sustainability. Aiming at gains of scale, guaranteeing universal access and the technical and economic viability of the services, intermunicipal cooperation has been implemented in several countries, and in Brazil, it presents itself as one of the main instruments of public policies in the sector of sanitation. The main objective of this article is to propose a set of indicators and the construction of an index to evaluate the performance of regionalized management of urban solid waste, applying them to intermunicipal public consortia operating in Brazil. Based on the Delphi methodology, a total of 15 indicators were defined, divided into 5 sustainability dimensions, used for the construction of the Regionalized Urban Solid Waste Management Performance Index (IDGRSU). In Brazil, the performance of regionalized management was classified as Regular for most of the operating consortia analysed. The adequacy of the final disposal in regional sanitary landfills is the common practice among the municipalities, and consequently, the reduction of the areas of dumps represents the main advance in the management. The index developed proved to be an important instrument to support municipalities and consortia for waste management, contributing to the implementation of sustainable strategies and to the development of policies, and its application in other countries is feasible, regardless of the size of the municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study proposes an alternative gelatin extraction method from waste materials generated by tanneries, including trimmings, offcuts, and leather scraps. These industrial byproducts yield substantial monthly volumes that are managed by an environmental entity and disposed of in a sanitary landfill. To harness the potential of these waste materials, experimental techniques were employed, involving protein analysis, assessment of response to varying concentrations of acetic acid, and the application of various treatments to individual samples. The objective was to maximize yield and minimize ecological impact. The most effective treatment was found to be T16 (1 mole of acid per liter) for trimmings, T12 (0.8 moles of acid per liter) for offcuts, and T8 (0.7 moles of acid per liter) for leather scraps. Approximately 90% of the obtained protein values correspond to collagen, with a more pronounced presence in the trimmings samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major objective of the experimental lab investigation was to produce eco-friendly sustainable roller compacted concrete (RCC) by reducing cement content once using demolition waste material. The best method of disposing of waste demolition without needing for a sanitary landfill was by accumulating, crushing and then blending to a high fineness powder, followed by using it in materials such as clay bricks, marble tiles, and glass windows. Six RCC mixtures with partial cement weight replacements of 5%, and 10% were made in addition to the reference mixture. To investigate the strength (compressive, flexural and tensile splitting strength), porosity, water absorption, and density were all tested after the production of mixtures. The results of the study indicate that the RCC containing 10% of clay bricks powder enhances the strength of RCC up to 14.78%, 17.96%, and 12.87% for compressive, tensile, flexural, respectively, at 28-days of curing compared to the reference mixture, followed by the mixture containing 10% of marble tiles powder with percentage increase up to 7.12%, 14.44%, and 7.02%. While the glass windows with 5% can be adopted, the results close to reference mixture with slight improvement equal to 0.68%, 2.11%, and 3.22%, and slight reduction when using 10% replacement of cement weight, were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Use of sanitary landfill in waste management may involve complex processes but has proven to be sustainable and effective in mitigating environmental degradation when the site is properly located. Despite this innovation, waste mismanagement compounded by alarming population growth, increasing urbanization and industrialization had raised much environmental concern in Edo State, Nigeria. Therefore, the present study integrated ten most common and applicable selection criteria with a view to identifying suitable landfill sites with environmental and socio-economic benefits for proper waste management, rational land use and sustainable development planning in four Local Government Areas in the State. The selection criteria used are surface water bodies, land use, land slope, depth to groundwater, geology, lineament, soil media, built-up area, road network and airport location. The Analytic hierarchy process technique was used to compute pair-wise comparison matrix for determining criteria weights while the weighted linear combination method was employed in combining the criteria weights. ArcMap 10.2 overlaid the ten thematic maps to generate a landfill site suitability map. The results of the study showed significant land use dynamics and drastically increasing built-up areas. This rapid urbanization had overtaken all the existing dumpsites which failed to meet adopted standards in the metropolis thereby rendering their locations inappropriate in today's urban setting. Hence, the dumpsites constituted potential environmental menaces with socio-economic and health implications. This study has identified eight potential sites for sanitary landfill which could guide decision makers in formulating effective policies towards sustainable environment, urban planning and water resources development in the area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population growth and industrial development have led to an increase in urban solid waste globally. Collection and disposal of urban waste remain the biggest challenges that countries face at the moment. Proper management in various stages of production, storage, transportation, and disposal of waste can ensure minimal impact to human and environmental health. There are several tools for evaluating a waste management system; among these, life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important one. This article aims to evaluate the life cycle of waste management in the city of Rasht and prioritize decisions to develop its waste management system. To achieve this purpose, four waste management scenarios were designed. In addition, the life cycle cataloging of the scenarios was done using the IWM‐1 model in order to calculate the consumption of energy and also obtain the number of pollutant emission sources in each scenario. In the next step, the LCA of the scenarios was performed using the Eco‐Indicator 99 index. The results of the study showed that scenario 4 had the most positive effects on the environment, with 40% compost, 25% recycling, 20% sanitary landfill, and 15% waste incineration, based on the index. Therefore, it was chosen as the best option for waste management in the city of Rasht. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1385–1393. © 2023 SETAC Key Points: Efficient scenarios are presented to manage urban waste in the city of Rasht, Iran.Life cycle cataloging in the scenarios is carried out using the IWM‐1 model.Life cycle assessment of the scenarios is performed using the Eco‐Indicator 99 index.Scenario 4 with 40% compost, 25% recycling, 20% sanitary landfill, and 15% waste incineration is chosen as the best option for waste management in the city of Rasht. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Baghdad Science Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, the formulation, calibration, and validation of hybrid and coupled models for the design of upflow anaerobic filters in multiple separated stages were developed for organic matter removal from sanitary landfill leachates. Three novelties were presented, the type of reactor, design models, and kinetic coefficients. The upflow anaerobic filters were separated into two and three stages identified as UAF‐2SS (DI‐FAFS, in Spanish) and UAF‐3SS (TRI‐FAFS, in Spanish). The formulation, calibration, and validation of mathematical structures of hybrid models and five coupled models are proposed for each reactor. The hybrid models are based on the law of mass conservation, with the organic matter transformation component within the UAF‐2SS and UAF‐3SS reactors, being estimated from empirical equations that have been tested in aerobic culture reactors, adapted to the experimental factors, including among these, those under a non‐stationary—advective conditions based on Velz's Law, Phelps's Law, and Monod's equation. The coupled models combine the components of the molecular transport by biosorption and molecular diffusion processes, with adaptations of the Stack's equation and Fick's Law, as well as transformation of organic substrates by biomass, whose kinetic coefficients contribute to explain the fraction, in which, the processes of mobility and biochemical transformation of the organic matter are occurring in the biomass within the bioreactors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globally, around 1.3 billion tonnes of waste are generated annually, and solid waste management has thus become a major concern worldwide. There are projections of a 70% increase in waste generation from 2016 to 2050 owing to urbanization and the rapid growth of the global population. Estimates indicate that around 38,200 tonnes of waste are generated per day in Malaysia, and this volume of waste is significantly shortening the planned life spans of operating sanitary landfills in the country. Batu Pahat is a district in the state of Johor, Malaysia, with a relatively large population of 495,000 and with no record of an operational sanitary landfill. This study was conducted to identify and classify the most suitable sites for sanitary landfill developments in southern Peninsular Malaysia by means of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is recognized as a competent technique for multicriteria decision-making. The resulting landfill site suitability index map established 33.88 km2 of area coverage as very highly suitable for landfill development, while 353.86 km2 of area coverage was classified as unsuitable. Sites 1–6 were identified as the most suitable for landfill activities. Sites 1–5 are situated in agricultural land areas, while site 6 is in a forested land area; this implies public participation and the adoption of compensatory measures in the event of landfill development in these areas, given their socioeconomic importance. The six suitable sites are all at least 2000 m from rivers: 2000–3000 m for sites 1, 3, and 5 and > 3000 m for sites 2, 4, and 6. The six sites are all > 3000 m from fault zones and > 1000 m from flood-prone areas, meaning that occurrences such as fault movements and flooding will have minimal impact on the operational activities of landfills at these sites. The selection of sites 1–6 as very suitable for landfill development was associated with an overall accuracy rating of 93.33% and kappa coefficient score of 0.92 based on accuracy assessment analysis of all sites. This study will guide the actions of policymakers, city planners, and local authorities toward sustainable and environment-friendly landfill development and operation in Batu Pahat and other districts in the state of Johor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]