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Based on present planning projects in the city of Umeå, Sweden, we will in this paper study how imaginaries of the gender equal city is presented, filled with meaning and used in place marketing with the overall ambition to discuss the possibilities and pitfalls of what we call the gender equality planning strategy. The aim of the paper is to discuss the possibilities for changing gendered power relations, as well as other power relations related to class, race and sexuality through an analysis of local initiatives for a good city. The material consists of a case study with a focuson planning projects aiming at creating equal cities, such as improving accessibility in public space, gender aware analyses of the city’s symbols and decorations etc., and includes analyses of interviews, policy documents and media reports. The theoretical framework draws on the discussion of politicization and de-politicisation(Mouffe 2005) in relation to neo-liberal forms of rule where place-making and place-branding are rationalities that risk moving conflicting dimensions in society outside both planning and politics overall.

An increasing number of people with dementia are ageing at home in Sweden and in other countries. In order to meet the safety requirements, knowledge about how persons with dementia experience risks is required. The aim of the study was to explore and better understand how persons with dementia, living at home, experience risks in their daily life and how they handle these situations. Twelve persons with dementia were interviewed using open-ended questions, and the data were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Findings showed that participants experienced situations fraught with risks in their daily life as unfamiliar and confusing. Previously familiar places became unfamiliar to them, and details did not come together. They were uncertain about what actually had happened. How the participants handled these situations in order to reduce the risks are described.

Culture is often promoted as crucial in efforts to achieve economic growth and social cohesion. In recent debates, greater attention has been directed at the importance of culture in creating democratic and just cities. Drawing on theories concerning participation, we study the processes of citizen participation in the creation of culture in relation to the European Capital of Culture in Umea in Northern Sweden. The city has been praised for its focus on participation and the co-creation' of culture. We scrutinize the idea of co-creation, how it is filled with meaning by different actors, the way it is operationalized by city officials and cultural actors/practitioners and the possibilities for public participation and the power relationships at play in the city. We conclude that culture tends to be depoliticized and turned into an arena available for all on supposedly equal terms and ignores the very unequal terms on which different actors participate. It ignores how power relations affect and construct who gets to speak and be heard; that there are conflicting meanings of culture and co-creation and how power influences whose definition of culture is accepted.

There are different ways to keep pigs for meat production and legislation differ for example between Sweden and the rest of Europe. Swedish sows are not allowed to be confined in a farrowing crate and the age at weaning for piglets in Sweden is minimum 4 weeks and 3 weeks according EUs legislation. Many piglets die before weaning and the Swedish statistics on mean piglet mortality from 2016 is 17,1 %. This is higher than studies made in Norway, England and Switzerland. A study made in Sweden showed a mortality of 19,5 %. One of the main reasons piglets die is because they become crushed by the sow. Starving, disease and low birth weight are other common reasons. Research also says genetics and litter size decide the mortality, were some sows have very high mortality and some almost no mortality. There are a lot of research of the actions to take in order to decrease mortality. Many of them are management routines; providing the sow with a large amount of straw before farrowing will make her calmer and more observant of the piglets, and a heat lamp will help the piglet maintain body temperature and decrease the risk of hypothermia. By staying close to the sows around farrowing and the days after the caretakers are for example able to help the piglets to the heat lamp and prevent them from getting crushed by the sow. The purpose of this work was to find out if producers that try to decide piglet causes of death and also takes actions depending on the result have a lower mean mortality. To be able to do that a questionnaire with nine questions was sent out to pig producers on Facebook. In a total 23 participants answered some of the questions and 18 participants answered the whole questionnaire. The mortality ranged between 5-25 % and the mean mortality was 16,4 %. Seven of the participants tries to decide the cause of death and six of these took direct actions depending on the result according to their answers. The mean mortality of these seven was 17,8 %. All partici

Norrland is often represented and constructed as a “typical male” region, a region dominated by rural problems. The “male” power structure is often depicted as a static problem, a part of a rural traditionally bound periphery which cannot be changed. In public discourse, Kiruna is positioned as a town adjusted to men which is a situation in need of change; it is argued that gender equality is a necessity for Kiruna’s survival. Put differently: there are clear ambitions for change. By studying how gender equality is made and how gender equality is produced in different practices, this article studies the implications of these ambitions. A key analytical starting point is that gender equality is regarded as something “made” by various actors in specific contexts. Gender equality is understood as an empirical field filled with meaning, or produced, in different contexts, not as a “fact” that can be measured. With place as an analytical hub, and inspired by Carol Bacchi’s critical approach to policy analysis we examine how gender equality is articulated and how place is produced. Using policy documents, newspaper materials and interviews, we conclude that gender equality is filled with partially different meanings in the three themes, but attractiveness stands out as a central underlying rationality – often in combination with participation and the absence of conflict between women and men. These representations of gender equality create a win-win, a non-conflictual understanding of gender equality, underpinned by an understanding of men and women as different and complementary subjects. In spite of clear articulations of men’s privileged position and women’s subordinate position, the measures suggested for achieving change target the image of Kiruna rather than gendered power relations. We explain this result in the context of overall processes of de-politicisation in contemporary society and by the need for Kiruna to be seen as “good” and “attractive” in order to chal, Mönsterstaden 2.0

In recent decades, mobility researchers have paid increasing attention to the flows of relatively privileged individuals whose mobility practices are largely understood to be lifestyle-motivated, consumption-led and tourism-induced (e.g. Benson, M., & O'Reilly, K. (Eds.). (2009). Lifestyle migration: Expectations, aspirations and experiences. Surrey: Ashgate; King, R., Warnes, A. M., & Williams, A. M. (2000). Sunset lives: British retirement migration to the Mediterranean. Oxford: Berg). Situated within the context of lifestyle mobilities, this paper aims to analyse the significance of place and representations of place in the movers' stories of mobility. The mobility experiences of Swedish retirees practicing routinised and seasonal mobility between Sweden and Malta have been analysed, and this paper explores how they actively give meaning to their choices and decisions. In their narratives, the movers express their representations of themselves in relation not only to their imaginings of places and to their belongings to and engagements with these places, but also to their mobility practices. The findings contribute to a discussion of how place imaginaries and self-identities are constructed through lifestyle mobility practices., Originally published in manuscript form with the title: Stories of lifestyle mobility: place, identity and the search for the 'good life'

The main purpose of the study was to show how the work model lean is depicted within the public sector and, for the discourse, the actual roles constructed by people working with lean. The relevant questions for the study were: What central concepts are presented within lean, and how these are constructed and what the consequences might be. The empirical basis for this study was a brochure with twelve statements by people who in some way work within lean. The method for this paper is based on a discourse analysis which is also a part of the theoretical section. Furthermore the understanding of our study where advanced by the use of the social constructivist and postmodernist theories where Foucaults theories about power became central in the analysis. The study resulted in an understanding that the linguistic formulations create an unequal power balance between the different participants, managers, personnel and citizens. Where the citizen's power is weak and its influence restricted.

Several cases of single repeat offenders in urban space have raised public concern in Sweden during recent decades. Few studies have been conducted on the consequences of the hostage situations' that emerge when one individual offender causes fear and affects a large group of people in a specific place. The concern of this article is to examine consequences of the Haga Man phenomenon: the case of a serial rapist operating between 1998 and 2006 in Umea, a medium-sized Swedish city. The article focuses on the construction of white masculinities among male respondents in Umea during the time of the attacks. I examine how men positioned themselves in relation to the public image of the offender as a normal Swede' and how they related to women's increasing fear of violence in urban space. Three prominent constructions of masculinity emerged from the research data: the dangerous stranger, the suspect and the protector. These three constructions of masculinity were not clear-cut and did not belong' to specific men several of the interviewees articulated various forms of masculinities but stressed them in different ways depending on, for instance, age and/or ethnicity/race. I conclude that men largely positioned themselves as protectors as a strategy to distance themselves from the perpetrator (the image of the normal Swedish man' performing the rapes) and to ensure that they would not be perceived as suspects. However, men largely perceived that women's increased fear of crime was one man's fault' and broader issues about gendered power relations in space were not raised., Ingick som manuskript i avhandlingen "Fear of violence and gendered power relations".

This study analyses the responses and reactions among women in Umeå during the period of threat from the Haga Man: a serial rapist operating between 1998 and 2006, and highlights how women in this new situation handled feelings of vulnerability and fearof violence in public space. The article analyses the ways women positioned themselves in their narratives and how this could be understood in terms of how they negotiated spaces for agency within a context where public space has been represented as safe and gender-equal. Women’s fear of violence is discussed in relation to Swedish genderequality discourses and contextual constructions of femininity. The research is based on empirical data collected through in-depth interviews with women in Umeå. The results show the difficulties of claiming the official position of a gender-equal femininity. The informants’ ambivalence, and partly anger, in relation to a femininity they wanted but could not have also created an opportunity for critique of women’s position in society and thus a challenge to a presumed gender equality that stands in the way of addressing issues of gendered power relations.

This study analyses the responses and reactions among women and men in Umeå during the period of threat from a serial rapist, the so-called Haga Man. This article discusses how the increased threat in public space influenced constructions of male and female bodies in space during a period of changing public crime discourses. The article illustrates the importance of context and demonstrates the temporality of how bodies are perceived in space. Public descriptions of the Haga Man focused on characteristics of the perpetrator’s body and “normal Swedish appearance”, which constructed an image of the dangerous white body. White male respondents positioned themselves in relation to these descriptions, and were partly challenged with respect to new perceptions and meanings associated with “normality”. In descriptions of the Haga Man’s victims, women were presented as vulnerable, but in contrast to many other cases of serial rape there was no immediate focus on their bodies in terms of respectability. A shift of emphasis took place, towards a focus on bodies that frighten, rather than those that are afraid. The findings contribute to a discussion of how gendered power relations can be understood through shifting representations of bodies in space.

Sammanfattning Titel: “Ledarskap- Ett enkelt begrepp?” - En kvalitativ studie om framställningen av ledarskap, medarbetare och kontexter i managementlitteratur. Universitet: Lunds Universitet, Campus Helsingborg, Institutionen för Service Management. Kurs: KSKK01 Service Management: Examensarbete för kandidatexamen, 15 hp, Vårterminen 2013. Författare: Hanna Persson & Linda Sandberg Handledare: Malin Espersson Nyckelord: Ledarskap, medarbetare, kontexter, managementlitteratur. Syfte: Genom att studera och analysera känd och populär managementlitteratur vill vi undersöka hur och i vilken utsträckning denna litteratur speglar aktuell managementforskning och om dessa hänger samman eller ej. Vi vill även se på hur ledarskap framställs samt hur synen på ledarskap ser ut. En undersökning kommer göras om hänsyn tas till medarbetare och hur dessa i sådana fall framställs i managementlitteratur, likväl vill vi se i vilken utsträckning hänsyn tas till olika kontexter i litteraturen. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur ledarskap, medarbetare och kontexter framställs i vald managementlitteratur. Frågeställningar: - Hur framställs ledare och ledarskap i managementlitteratur? - På vilket sätt framställs medarbetare? - I vilken utsträckning tas hänsyn till olika kontexter? Metod: En kvalitativ textanalys med delar från innehållsanalys och argumentationsanalys, två utvalda managementböcker utgör empiriskt material. Teoretisk referensram och tidigare forskning: Forskning och teori kring Ledarskap, medarbetarskap, kontexter, chefskap kontra ledarskap, path-goal teorin, leader-member exchange theory (LMX) samt kontingensteorin, Slutsatser: Vald managementlitteratur ger en förenklad bild av ledarskap, beskrivningar inom området är förenklade och förklaringar på tillvägagångssätt saknas i de flesta diskussioner. Medarbetare framställs på ett generellt sätt och de framställs ofta som motståndslösa och enkla att styra. Studien visar att det finns en avsaknad av hänsyn till kontexter och d

Magisteruppsats i företagsekonomi, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro universitet, Marknadsföring, HT 2011 Författare: Dell´Uva, Valentina och Sandberg, Linda Handledare: Pia Lindell Titel: Hur upplever kunder värde och förtroende av CSR?- en studie om tre olika CSR-initiativ. Nyckelord: CSR, Cause related marketing, filantropi, sponsring, värde, förtroende samt relationer.Problem: Hur påverkar CSR-initiativen; filantropi, sponsring och CRMkunders upplevda värde och förtroende. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera kunders uppfattning och attityder till de olika CSR-initiativen som företag kan arbeta med samt identifiera vilket värde och förtroende det tillför kunderna. Metod: Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie där vi har kombinerat semistrukturerade intervjuer med en visuell kortsortering. Vårt syfte med intervjuerna var att öppna upp för diskussion och ge de åtta respondenterna möjlighet att reflektera över deras uppfattningar om CSR-initiativen samt nyckelorden värde och förtroende. Slutsatser: I vår slutsats har vi kommit fram till att de olika initiativen skiljde sig åt och respondenterna hade även olika åsikter för samma initiativ. Filantropi gav högst förtroendekänsla till respondenterna, sponsring gav medelhögt värde och förtroende och CRM det högsta värdet men lägre förtroende. Det höga förtroendet ansåg de flesta respondenter berodde på det icke-kommersiella syftet. Respondenterna upplevda högt värde när de själva fick vara med och engagera sig

Several cases of single repeat offenders in urban space have raised public concern in Sweden during recent decades. Few studies have been conducted on consequences of the kind of ‘hostage situations’ that emerge when one individual offender causes fear and affects a larger group of people in a specific place. The concern of this thesis is to examine consequences of the Haga Man phenomenon: the case of a serial rapist operating between 1998 and 2006 in Umeå, a medium-sized Swedish city. This thesis explores some of the ways not only women but also men in Umeå responded to this specific situation, the threat from a single repeat offender, and how fear of crime and changing public crime discourses influenced gendered power relations. The thesis examines different aspects of fear and safety in public space, such as the views of those who are fearful; of those who are feared; perceptions of both women’s and men’s bodies; their emotions and experiences in relation to fear of violence in public spaces; and the significance of space and place for our understanding of fear. The empirical data of this thesis consist of in-depth interviews with a total of 47 women and men in Umeå. The thesis is based on four empirical studies. The first (Paper I) sought to identify similarities and differences across narratives in terms of the major components of young people’s talk about fear. In their stories women positioned themselves as fearful and in need of protection, while men in their stories positioned themselves as fearless protectors. Men and women reproduced ways of speaking considered appropriate to their gender, thus performing masculinity and femininity through their talk. Paper II, examines consequences of the Haga Man phenomenon on constructions of white masculinities. Three masculine positions; the dangerous stranger, the suspect and the protector were identified. These three constructions of masculinity were not clear-cut or ‘belonging’ to specific men – several of the in

Geographers may benefit from a narrative approach as it permits insights into both meanings and how stories are permitted and controlled by social conditions. The aim of this article is to discuss methodological aspects of studying fear as a restriction on mobility and use of public space. We have used examples from a study on fear of violence in the city of Umeå, Sweden at the time of threats from a serial rapist, the Haga Man. We employed Labov's model to analyse female and male narratives about fear. Women from all backgrounds reproduced a shared story of experiences of fear. Male stories were fragmented and diverse, especially in terms of ethnicity. The Haga Man was described in the media as a man of 'normal Swedish appearance', which put a focus on Swedish hegemonic masculinity and 'normality' rather than on commonly reproduced fear of the racialized other. Labov's model was useful in clarifying how narratives differed in their structural components and completeness, but limited in terms of how to interpret the evaluative component: the model needs to be combined with theory in order to understand relations to changing political, institutional and media discourses on crime and fear in public space.

Selective replication-competent adenovirus serotype 5 vectors have been used for prostate cancer therapy. Unfortunately, gene transfer is inefficient because hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer cells have minimal coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor expression. Vectors based on species B adenoviruses are attractive tools for use in human gene therapy because the viruses have low seroprevalence and they have efficient transduction capacity. Most species B adenoviruses use ubiquitously expressed complement-regulatory CD46 protein as a cellular receptor. Here we report the transduction efficacy and oncolytic capacity of a replication-competent Ad11p (RCAd11p) vector in human prostate cancer cells. Green fluorescent protein was efficiently expressed in a dose-dependent manner in PC-3 and DU 145 cells derived from metastasis of prostate cancer to bone and brain, respectively. However, transduction was less effective in LNCaP cells derived from prostate cancer metastasis to lymph nodes. The oncolytic capacity of the RCAd11p vector was 100 times higher in PC-3 cells than in the two other cell lines. The oncolysis was independent of the level of expression of p53 in the cells or on the absence of E1B55k expression in the vector. In vivo experiments revealed significant growth inhibition of PC-3 tumors in the xenograft mouse group treated with RCAd11p vector or Ad11pwt in comparison with the untreated control group. Thus, we have demonstrated that RCAd11p vector intrinsically possesses oncolytic properties, which were active in targeting tumor cells. Consequently, the novel RCAd11p vector has great potential for the treatment of incurable metastatic prostate disease.

The aim of this essay was to study children’s experiences of their participation in a programme for children who have a parent with a mental illness. The study was written at the request of the Psychosis care in Örebro and was accomplished by qualitative interviews with five children at the ages of 11 to 16 years old. Previous research concerning children who have a parent with a mental illness and programmes for these children is accounted for. Antonovsky´s conception KASAM together with the conceptions of guilt and shame were used as the theoretical frame, from which the results of the interviews were analysed. Results from the analysis include children’s increased knowledge about mental illness, an increased KASAM and that the children found it positive meeting other children with similar experiences. Overall, the experiences from the programme seem to be positive, but a few ideas for improvements are given, amongst them equal gender and ages in the group. Finally a discussion is held where increased knowledge and research concerning children with mentally ill parents is desired.

The purpose of this study is to see how much attenuation the hearing protection device (HPD) wearer gets using an insert-type HPD at work in real-world situations and to see if there is a relation between how the wearer puts his HPD in place and the surrounding noise leveL Five different companies were selected and aU together there were 43 participants. The test subjects work in such an environment that the use of hearing protectors was considered necessary. To determine the effectiveness of earplugs as they are worn in the workplace, portable equipment was used. The Real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT) method was used to determine the subjects' binaural threshold levels, with and without the HPDs inserted. The difference between these two results is a measure of the attenuation. The test frequencies span between 250 Hz to 8000 Hz. To see if there was any relation between the sound levels and how the test subjects inserted their hearing protectors there was also done a sound level measurement. The HML-method was used to establish each subject's attenuation. This method is based on three attenuation values, H, MandL (High, Medium and Low). When the attenuation is put in relation to the sound level one can see that the attenuation appears to increase with the sound level. Our results imply that those exposed to high sound levels are more careful when applying their earplugs, which corresponds to our hypothesis that was: Users who work in a noisy environment would be more cautious how the HPDs are used than HPD wearers who work in a less noisy environment. When overprotection is defined according to European standard EN 458, e.g. < 70 dB( A) inside the HPD, 33 out of 43 (77%) of our test subjects are overprotected. Estimation of the surrounding sound level is difficult. Our results show that the HPD wearer himself cannot determine whether the sound level is at a dangerous level or not. Our study indicates that there is a need on the market for an earplug that only

This article focuses on changing perceptions and representations of female and male bodies during a period of threat against women from a repeat offender in the medium-sized city of Umeå, Sweden. Based on interviews with women and men in Umeå, this article aims to examine meanings of fear of violence in public space by focusing on constructions of the body during a period of changing public crime discourses due to assaults by a serial rapist, the so-called Haga Man. The article illustrates how a change took place in both individual and public narratives from a focus on how women should conduct themselves to be safe, toward men’s bodily behavior in order to present themselves in a non-threatening way. This case study stresses the importance of context and demonstrates the temporality in how bodies are perceived in space. A shift of emphasis took place toward bodies that frighten, rather than those that are afraid. Public descriptions of the Haga Man focused on characteristics of the perpetrator’s body and ‘normal Swedish appearance’, which constructed an image of the dangerous white body. White male respondents positioned themselves in relation to these descriptions and were partly challenged with respect to new perceptions and meanings associated with ‘normality’. In descriptions of the Haga Man’s victims women were presented as vulnerable, but in contrast to many other cases there was no immediate focus on women’s bodies in terms of respectability. The findings contribute to a discussion of how gendered power relations can be understood through shifting representations of bodies in space.

This article focuses on changing perceptions and representations of female and male bodies during a period of threat against women from a repeat offender in the medium-sized city of Umeå, Sweden. Based on interviews with women and men in Umeå, this article aims to examine meanings of fear of violence in public space by focusing on constructions of the body during a period of changing public crime discourses due to assaults by a serial rapist, the so-called Haga Man. The article illustrates how a change took place in both individual and public narratives from a focus on how women should conduct themselves to be safe, toward men’s bodily behavior in order to present themselves in a non-threatening way. This case study stresses the importance of context and demonstrates the temporality in how bodies are perceived in space. A shift of emphasis took place toward bodies that frighten, rather than those that are afraid. Public descriptions of the Haga Man focused on characteristics of the perpetrator’s body and ‘normal Swedish appearance’, which constructed an image of the dangerous white body. White male respondents positioned themselves in relation to these descriptions and were partly challenged with respect to new perceptions and meanings associated with ‘normality’. In descriptions of the Haga Man’s victims women were presented as vulnerable, but in contrast to many other cases there was no immediate focus on women’s bodies in terms of respectability. The findings contribute to a discussion of how gendered power relations can be understood through shifting representations of bodies in space.