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This study aims to determine the influence of the application of Information Search learning strategies and learning motivation on PAI learning outcomes of SMA Negeri 1 Merbau students as well as the interaction between learning strategies and learning motivation on PAI learning outcomes. This research is a quantitative study with a population of as many as all class XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Merbau consisting of 6 study groups. Based on the Cluster Random Sampling technique, one is an Information Search learning class and one is an Expository learning class. The instruments of this study are tests and questionnaires. The test of normality of the learning outcomes data is the Liliefors test, and the homogeneity test is the Fisher test and the Bartlett Test. The data analysis technique is a two-path Anava at a significant α = 0.05 followed by the Schiche test. The results showed that there was a shift in the Information Search learning strategy on the learning outcomes of PAI students of SMA Negeri 1 Merbau with high (X̅= 28.6) and Low (X̅=19.6) learning motivations. In this case, the PAI learning outcomes of students with high motivation are higher than those of pai students with low learning motivation.

Auxiliary boilers that have the function of producing hot steam are auxiliary steam boilers. The function of this steam is to heat the fresh water jacket cooling and fuel, drive the turbine pump, heat the liquid in the tank and room. This study aims to optimize the maintenance of auxiliary boiler systems, especially in the auxiliary steam boilers. This research was conducted in the engine room on the MT ship. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with data collection obtained from observation, interviews and documentation. The result of this study is the implementation of maintenance of auxiliary boiler components including: Boiler water; main burner; pilot burner; blower; and pumps. Overall, the average before optimizing maintenance, the effectiveness of the implementation of the planning maintenance system in auxiliary boilers was around 58.86%, and the average increased by 27.57% so that the average after optimization of maintenance with the guidelines for planning system maintenance became 86.43%. Auxiliary boiler system maintenance steam boiler In MT Tender Harmony can run optimally so that it can produce quality steam so that it can heat the fuel optimally.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami pelaksanaan perjanjian dan penyelesaian apabila terjadi perselisihan yang timbul dalam perjanjian kemitraan antara pengemudi dengan penyedia layanan Grab di kota Mataram. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perjanjian kemitraan secara umum telah memenuhi unsur-unsur syarat sahnya suatu. Perjanjian kemitraan tersebut resmi terbentuk ketika Mitra pengemudi menerima SMS pemberitahuan diterima dari Grab. Perselisihan yang terjadi antara Mitra pengemudi dengan penyedia layanan Grab diselesaikan melalui musyawarah dan apabila belum ditemukan penyelesaian maka akan dilimpahkan ke Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia (BANI) dan keputusan yang dikeluarkan bersifat final.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teacher performance on student achievement. This research uses descriptive quantitative method. The subjects in this study were teachers at SMKN 6 and SMKN 7 Serang City. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire or questionnaire which was distributed directly to the teacher. In this study, prerequisite tests were carried out, namely the normality test, homogeneity test and linear regression test using the SPSS application. The results showed that 94.4% of student learning outcomes at SMKN 6 Kota Serang were influenced by good teacher performance. Meanwhile at SMKN 7 Kota Serang the percentage of teacher performance on student achievement was only 21.1%.

Final project planning aims to create a party fashion design that combines the source of ideas and fashion style chosen. The source of ideas from the final project design is Enviromental Pollution. Environmental Pollution poured into clothing with a pattern application patchwork dan tie dyed techbiques as fashion motifs, meanwhile fashion style is avant garde. The type of clothing chosen is eveing dress. The materials used in the final prpject design are linen, tulle, and silk catton fabric for tie dyed. The colors of the material in the final project design follow the color of the source of ide, namely blue

Background: Appendicogram is the barium appendix examination in the form of photo that can help to see blockages or dirt in the appendix. The purpose of this study was to find the Appendicogram examination management with clinical appendicitis in the Radiology Installation of Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province, to find out why there were differences in appendicogram examination techniques between the theory and the Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital in Riau Province and to see the Appendicogram radiograph results with eight hours waiting time. Method: This research is qualitative with a descriptive research design and a study case approach. The subjects used were 3 radiologists, 1 sending doctor, and 3 radiographers. The object of the study was 2 patients who had undergone an appendicogram examination with appendicitis clinical at Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province. Result: The results showed that the appendicogram examination did not need specific preparation. The patient was not subjected to plain radiographic before given contrast because plain radiographs on the appendicogram because it did not give any information. The patient was given a contrast of 50gr of barium sulfate mixed with 250ml of water. Post contrast photo 8 hours later, the reason for using 8 hours is because normal human peristalsis ranges from 6-8 hours. The results of the radiographic are visualized, namely, the contrast journey to the appendix is ​​smooth, there is no visible pressure on the cecum, the appendix is ​​not filled with contrast.

Indonesia has developed several superior soybean varieties. Each soybean variety has different physical and chemical properties that can affect processed products and soybean quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical, chemical, and functional properties of three superior early-maturing soybean varieties. The research was conducted in Maros, Indonesia in 2022 by planting the Dega-1, Grobogan, and Gepak Kuning varieties and repeated them 6 times. The yields of the three soybean varieties Dega-1, Grobogan, and Gepak Kuning were taken at 1 kg each and 3 repeated, then further analysis of chemical compounds is carried out in the laboratory. The results showed that for physical characteristics, the largest seed size was in Dega-1 (18.57 g per 100 seeds) and the smallest in Gepak Kuning (8.29 g). The highest bulk density of soybean seeds was in the Grobogan and Dega-1 varieties (0.79 kg per m3) and the lowest was in Gepak Kuning (0.77 kg per m3 ), and the lowest number of damaged seeds was in Dega-1 (6.67%) and the highest in Grobogan (11.33). %). Chemical characteristics, highest protein content in Gepak Kuning (39.72%) and lowest in Dega-1 (36.62%), lowest fat content in Dega-1 (12.63%) and highest in Gepak Kuning (14.49%), highest phosphorus content in Gepak Kuning (0.59%) and the lowest was in Grobogan (0.53%), the highest calcium content was in Gepak Kuning (0.40%), and the highest FFA value was in Dega-1 (0.93) and the lowest in Gepak Kuning (0.81). Based on physical properties, Dega-1 is the best compared to the other two soybeans. Meanwhile, based on the size of starch granules, Gepak Kuning gave the best results. For chemical characteristics, in general, GepakKuning has the best quality compared to Grobogan and Dega-1. It can be concluded that Gepak Kuning has the most potential to be developed in supporting food and non-food products, especially in Indonesia.

The purpose of this study is to examine the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model that influences students' mathematical problem solving abilities. This research is a quantitative research using a quasi-experimental approach. The quasi-experimental design used is a posttest-only control group design. The research sample was taken by purposive sampling technique in order to obtain two class groups with different treatments. To obtain data in this study, the instrument of student learning activity sheets and test questions of students' mathematical problem solving abilities was used. The data analysis techniques used consisted of descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of this study reveals that there is significant effect of the MMP learning model on students' mathematical problem solving abilities as indicated by the achievements: (1) student learning activities with the MMP model carried out both by teachers and students are in the very good and good category; (2) the mathematical problem solving ability of students who were treated with the MMP model was 71.60 higher on average compared to students who were treated with the conventional learning model of 35.48; (3) the mathematical problem solving ability of students who were treated with the MMP model was better than students who were treated with the conventional learning model.

Pandemic Covid-19 requires online learning (E-Learning) at every tertiary institution, including UIN North Sumatra (UIN-SU) Medan. The readiness of institutions and campus academicians in facilitating students is not a major problem for UIN-SU Medan, because pre-co-leaders 19 leaders issued a learning system policy of 70% face-to-face and 30% e-learning. This paper aims to evaluate the UIN-SU Medan e-learning program during the COVID 19. This evaluation effort was carried out using a Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) study. This research criterion is a standard of compatibility between expectations and reality. Through interviews, observations, documentation, and dissemination of data obtained questionnaires, for further analysis using reduction techniques, data presentations, and concluding. The findings of this research indicate that the UIN-SU Medan e-learning program is well implemented, although it does not display significant changes, this can be seen from (1) context: e-learning learning provides easy access to student learning and is accompanied by policies that follow government regulations and survive the development of technology; (2) input: Online learning system; (3) process: pre-covid19 70% face-to-face 30% e-learning, covid19 period 100% e-learning; (4) product: lectures continue to run smoothly, and students can attend lectures from various places. Even so, there are obstacles in the form of internet network disruption, limitations on student quotas, and system downtime that require maintenance efforts.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan numerik pada siswa SMP Negeri 2 Sampolawa pada tiap indikator kemampuan numerik, dan mengungkap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan numerik siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Sampolawa. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara pemberian tes kemampuan numerik yang berbentuk pilihan ganda, essay, dan wawancara. Triangulasi pada penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi data dengan membandingkan hasil analisis jawaban tes kemampuan numerik dan hasil wawancara. Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan numerik siswa SMP Negeri 2 Sampolawa masih sangat rendah, kemampuan numerik rendah pada soal pilihan ganda dengan persentase 16,36%, sedangkan pada soal essay 87,27%, kategori sedang pada soal pilihan ganda dengan persentase 49,09% sedangkan pada soal essay 10,9%, kategori tinggi soal pilihan ganda dengan persentase 34,54% sedangkan soal essay 1,81%. Secara umum siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal essay.

This study aims to determine the differences in student learning outcomes on the material of molecular shapes with the MIKiR approach between learning the combination of GeoMol and JMol with learning the combination of GeoMol and simple molecular shapes made of plasticine. The research sample was students of class X MIPA 1 and X MIPA 3 MAN Sampang in the academic year 2021/2022. The reliability of the test instrument is 0.88. Hypothesis testing using t-test independent sample test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between learning the combination of GeoMol and JMol and learning the combination of GeoMol and simple molecular shapes made of plasticine in students' learning outcomes on the molecular shape material with the MIKiR approach. Learning the combination of GeoMol and JMol is more effective than learning the combination of GeoMol and simple molecular shapes made from plasticine based on the average value of learning outcomes and classical learning completeness.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa pada materi bentuk molekuldengan pendekatan MIKiR antara pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan JMol dengan pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan bentuk molekul sederhana berbahan plastisin. Berbagai program dan aplikasi komputer untuk visualisasi bentuk molekul 3-dimensi telah banyak dikembangkan, diantaranya adalah aplikasi GeoMol dan JMol yang merupakan aplikasi sumber terbuka (open source) yang dapat diunduh secara bebas. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MIPA 1 dan X MIPA 3 MAN Sampang tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Reliabilitas instrumen tes adalah 0,88. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t independent sample test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan JMol dan pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan bentuk molekul sederhana berbahan plastisin terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi bentuk molekul dengan pendekatan MIKiR. Pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan JMol lebih efektif daripada pembelajaran kombinasi GeoMol dan bentuk molekul sederhana berbahan plastisin berdasarkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar dan ketuntasan belajar klasikal

Radiation damages living cells and affect all biological process in human body. Thereby, there is a magnificent interest for protecting patients from the aspect consequences radiotherapy and specialized professional workers by developing a natural antioxidant bio-drugs for amelioration of radiation hazards. Medemia argun (an Egyptian Palm) is a mysterious from northern Sudan and southern Egypt (Nubian desert oases). In ancient Egypt, Medemia argun (MA) dried dates have found in the famed tomb of Tutankhamun. Globally, this is first study related to the metabolomics and biological efficiency of MA in alleviating the harmful effect of γ-irradiation. This work highlights the ameliorative role of MA ethanolic seed’s extract, as a natural promising functional food ingredient in alleviating radiation hazard via its antioxidative properties, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptoic and cell regeneration abilities. In this search, we have estimated the LD50 of MA ethanolic seed’s extract in vivo using male Wistar albino rats. The obtained results showed that 200 mg/kg b.wt. is the recommended dose. Rats were randomly splited into four groups. Group I: Represent as control (normal rats), that were received normal food and water daily for six weeks. Group II. Rats subjected to gamma radiation (6 Gy), a single dose of whole body after one week of the experiment. Group III. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 200 mg/kg b.wt. of MA ethanolic seed’s extract twice/week for six weeks. Group IV. Rats subjected to gamma radiation (6 Gy), a single dose of whole body after one week of the experiment, then injected intraperitoneally with MA ethanolic seed’s extract (200 mg/kg b.wt.) twice/week for six weeks. Each group contains 15 rats. γ-radiation treatment caused a significant increase in DNA fragmentation, NO, MDA, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, HsP70, IL-6, IL-10, 8-OH-dG, CASP-3, MPC-1, and MMP-9), and liver function (ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and AFP). Also, there is a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, CAT, POD, T. protein, and albumin. Conversely, MA (200 mg/Kg b.wt.) treatment for 6 weeks effectively reflects most of the altered measurements induced by γ-radiation. The potent therapeutic efficacy of MA was manifested in repairing the DNA fragmentation induced by γ-irradiation and this improvement confirmed by decrease in the concentration of 8-OH-dG. To assess the biological activities and beneficial effect of the ethanolic extract of MA seed’s in ameliorating the radiation hazards in rats, phytochemical analysis, were estimated which revealed presence of many beneficial natural health compounds such as, polyphenols (phenolics and flavonoids), proanthocyanidin (condensed tannins), saponins, protein and carbohydrate. Furthermore, histopathological examinations showed significant adverse deleterious changes in the structure of liver tissue due to exposure to γ-radiation, while treatment with MA maintains the cellular structure of the liver without the appearance of any changes. Biochemical data came to agree with the histopathological observations. There are no published reports of the radioprotective role of Medemia argun in rats. Our results showed that MA can be used during radiotherapy as a natural therapeutic drug due to its valuable nutritional benefits, safe, nature and low cost.

An opinion piece in Scientific American [1] discusses how a fraction of students ultimately complete a STEM degree and cites research [2] that disengagement with traditional calculus courses as one of the causes. It goes on to highlight examples of several promising calculus reforms and recommends that STEM faculty take the lead in introducing changes by collaborating and co-creating across disciplines to make mathematics more relevant and interesting to students. Feedback from module surveys indicate that students learn much better when the link between theoretical and practical knowledge is captured and echoes pedagogical literature. The author introduces past experiences of active learning approaches to enhance the teaching of mathematics to first-year engineering students. Class discussions incorporate real-life engineering applications highlighting example problems from a wide variety of core engineering modules such as Fluid Mechanics, Vibration, and Mechanics of Materials. The impact of this approach has not been directly measured and documented for the module being discussed here and is motivated by encouraging student feedback where they shared that they find the teaching interesting, fun, engaging, and interactive. The present concept paper therefore outlines how past pedagogical practice have influenced the enhancements in the delivery of engineering mathematics with a particular focus on interdisciplinary approach. It then goes own to demonstrate some examples of implementation and offers initial reflections based on student feedback. Finally, the author proposes future steps of detailing the effect on student learning experience via class surveys, interviews and making comparisons to comparably taught modules.

Summary Background Risk of mortality following surgery in patients across Africa is twice as high as the global average. Most of these deaths occur on hospital wards after the surgery itself. We aimed to assess whether enhanced postoperative surveillance of adult surgical patients at high risk of postoperative morbidity or mortality in Africa could reduce 30-day in-hospital mortality. Methods We did a two-arm, open-label, cluster-randomised trial of hospitals (clusters) across Africa. Hospitals were eligible if they provided surgery with an overnight postoperative admission. Hospitals were randomly assigned through minimisation in recruitment blocks (1:1) to provide patients with either a package of enhanced postoperative surveillance interventions (admitting the patient to higher care ward, increasing the frequency of postoperative nursing observations, assigning the patient to a bed in view of the nursing station, allowing family members to stay in the ward, and placing a postoperative surveillance guide at the bedside) for those at high risk (ie, with African Surgical Outcomes Study Surgical Risk Calculator scores ≥10) and usual care for those at low risk (intervention group), or for all patients to receive usual postoperative care (control group). Health-care providers and participants were not masked, but data assessors were. The primary outcome was 30-day in-hospital mortality of patients at low and high risk, measured at the participant level. All analyses were done as allocated (by cluster) in all patients with available data. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03853824 . Findings Between May 3, 2019, and July 27, 2020, 594 eligible hospitals indicated a desire to participate across 33 African countries; 332 (56%) were able to recruit participants and were included in analyses. We allocated 160 hospitals (13 275 patients) to provide enhanced postoperative surveillance and 172 hospitals (15 617 patients) to provide standard care. The mean age of participants was 37·1 years (SD 15·5) and 20 039 (69·4%) of 28 892 patients were women. 30-day in-hospital mortality occurred in 169 (1·3%) of 12 970 patients with mortality data in the intervention group and in 193 (1·3%) of 15 242 patients with mortality data in the control group (relative risk 0·96, 95% CI 0·69–1·33; p=0·79). 45 (0·2%) of 22 031 patients at low risk and 309 (5·6%) of 5500 patients at high risk died. No harms associated with either intervention were reported. Interpretation This intervention package did not decrease 30-day in-hospital mortality among surgical patients in Africa at high risk of postoperative morbidity or mortality. Further research is needed to develop interventions that prevent death from surgical complications in resource-limited hospitals across Africa. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists. Translations For the Arabic, French and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

This study aimed to get the best irrigation method and determine the best time-effective provision of water to maintain optimum soil moisture for increase soybean crop production. This research was conducted in the field in Maros District, South Sulawesi. The experiment used a split-plot design and was repeated three times. The main plot was an irrigation method, namely the Scatter irrigation, Furrow, and Flood irrigations method, and its plot was the time of irrigation, namely every 15 days of age, at the period of 15 days, and full flowering and irrigation every 10 days. The results showed that the watering technique using the waterlogging method at the time at the age of 15 days and full flowering had the potential to increase the yield production of soybean, that was the number of pods 164.95 pieces, the weight of seeds 37.11 g, and production 4.64 t/ha. The inundation method was more effective in maintaining soil moisture and twice the application time. But in an optimal amount (229 l/time) was very effective in maintaining soil moisture.

Hasil penelitian beberapa tahun sebelumnya menyimpulkan bahwa tanaman kakao asal somatik embriogenesis (SE) tahun tanam 2009 dan 2012, pertumbuhan dan produksinya belum optimal. Bertolak dari data dan informasi tersebut, maka perlu upaya teknologi peningkatan produksi dan mutu kakao asal SE melalui sambung samping. Tujuan penelitian ini meliputi: a) untuk menganalisis peningkatan kualitas tanaman kakao asal SE melalui sambung samping, b) untuk menganalisis tanggapan dari petani terhadap peningkatan kualitas tanaman kakao asal SE melalui sambung samping. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bone dan Luwu Sulawesi Selatan mulai Januari - Desember 2017. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan split plot dengan petak utama lokasi kegiatan, anak petak perlakuan klon diulang 4 kali. Data yang dikumpulkan mellui pengamatan di lapang. Data yang telah dikumpulkan, ditabulasi dijelaskan, dan dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan Duncan Multiple Range Test (tingkat 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan petani yang mengusahakan tanaman kakao SE dan melakukan sambung samping dengan klon kakao unggul lokal mempunyai karakteristik usia produktif dan didukung tingkat pendidikan serta pengalaman yang memadai. Pertumbuhan tanaman kakao SE yang disambung dengan klon kakao unggul lokal baik jenis maupun lokasinya memberikan pengaruh beda nyata. Demikian juga petani yang telah mencoba menyambung secara mandiri tanaman kakao SE dengan klon kakao unggul lokal memberikan hasil yang lebih baik. Respon petani terhadap tanaman kakao SE yang disambung dengan sumber entris klon kakao unggul mencapai 60 % sudah melakukan sambung samping. Produktivitas kakao SE yang disambung samping mencapai 1.988 kg/ha. Perbaikan tanaman kakao SE dengan sambung samping memerlukan biaya mencapai Rp. 4.675.000/ha, lebih murah dibandingkan dengan penanaman ulang dengan sambung pucuk mencapai Rp. 13.660.000/ha.

This study aims to determine how the application of authentic assessment in kindergarten by assessing the adequacy of aspects of assessment and implementation of assessment instruments. Research respondents are kindergarten teachers in North Sumatra Province, totaling 65 people. The data was collected using a questionnaire and document analysis, which consisted of lesson plans, children's work that had been analyzed by the teacher and the assessment instruments that had been used by the teacher. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and qualitative analysis by linking existing data to obtain meaning. The results of the analysis showed that: (1) there were 100% of kindergarten teachers who stated that they had carried out an assessment every time they carried out the teaching process but most had difficulty indicating the assessment instrument used, (2) 97% of kindergarten teachers only used a checklist to collect developmental assessment data and children's learning activities by putting a check mark on one of the scales consisting of "developing very well", "developing as expected", "starting to develop", and "not developing", (3) 98% of kindergarten teachers use the instruments in the book assessment guide issued by the government and have never used an assessment rubric developed by the teacher to determine child development achievements, and (4) 89% of kindergarten teachers do not collect assessment data in the context of competencies being developed, (5) kindergarten teachers have difficulty using descriptive notes or class notes to record the child's behavior during the teaching process due to difficulties in to write down the child's behavior as seen by the teacher, and (6) as many as 89% of kindergarten teachers have not used an assessment instrument developed based on the principles of authentic assessment. The results of this study have implications for the need to develop an assessment model that is useful to help teachers conduct a valid and reliable assessment of child development.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik terhadap literasi matematika siswa MTs Al-Ikhlas Raha. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Al-Ikhlas Raha tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 yang terdistribusi dalam 2 kelas. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik Total Sampling.Sedangkan penentuan kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dilakukan secara acak. Kelas VII­I-1 sebagai kelas ekperimen yang diajardengan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik dan kelas VIII-2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang diajar dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Desain penelitian ini adalahPosttest Only Control Group Design. Data hasil penelitian dikumpulkan melalui pemberian instrumen berupa tes literasi matematika berbentuk soal uraian dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial melalui uji-t pada α=0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik efektif terhadap literasi matematika siswa di kelas VIII MTs Al-Ikhlas Raha dilihat dari rata-rata literasi matematika siswa kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada rata-rata literasi matematika siswa kelas kontrol.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah “Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan motorik halus anak melalui pembuatan media permainan tradisional dari bahan alam”. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, (4) refleksi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik kuantitatif dan deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis aktivitas mengajar guru pada siklus I diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 60%. Aktivitas belajar anak didik pada siklus I diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 50%, dan hasil belajar anak siklus I diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 64,28%. Hasil analisis aktivitas mengajar guru siklus II mengalami peningkatan diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 93,33%. Aktivitas belajar anak didik pada siklus II diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 92,85%, dan hasil belajar anak pada siklus II diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 85,71%.

This article aims to find the factors causing the underdevelopment of Islamic banking in Afghanistan. The method used is qualitative with a sociology of religion approach and is included in the category of policy research. The results of this study indicate that almost all of Afghanistan's population is Muslim and 90% of Afghans refuse the establishment of conventional banks on the grounds of interest. As for the causes of the delay in Islamic banking in Afghanistan, namely: First, political instability. Second, the economy is weak. Third, lack of legislative support. Fourth, support from scholars. Fifth, lack of public information. Sixth, the lack of experts in their fields.

According to some economical politicians of the world, Islamic scholars and the mental state of most Muslims who have a moderate economy, existence of Islamic banking considered an important issue. After the downturn of the economy of the world several economical politicians, even Vatican pointed out; that the Islamic banking could be an alternative for the existing economic system. According to Afghan Islamic scholars and some Afghan merchants, Afghanistan is a pour country. But due to some factors it has been founded so late in Afghanistan. The basic rolls of Islamic economic have solutions for the poverty. Afghanistan is an Islamic state, and almost all residents are Muslim. 90% of the people do not use conventional banks due to religious orders in Afghanistan. But Islamic Banking system was founded so late compared to other countries. There are some factors caused late establishment of Islamic Banking system in Afghanistan. These factors will be discussed in this paper.

Mathematics is considered as a difficult subject for some students, leading to a decrease in students’ interest and motivation in understanding mathematical concept. In the process of classroom teaching and learning, mathematics that seems complicated and makes a bad impression for some students is an obstacle for them in solving daily mathematical problems. To deal with this obstacle, a media innovation in mathematics teaching and learning is deemed necessary as a bridge for students to understand the abstract concepts of mathematical objects through the manipulation of real objects. This paper aims to present how to create and use the media of Medan Perkalian dan Pembagian Bilangan Bulat for elementary school students. This media are quite appropriate as a learning medium used to help students understand the concept of multiplication and division, especially for grade II of elementary school students. Using this medium, students are not only capable to deal with multiplication and the division of integers but also easily understand the concept of multiplication and integers division.

Spodoptera litura was one of the pests that caused soybean seed yield decrease in South Sulawesi. In order to challenge the pests, farmers still largely choose chemical insecticides. This research aimed to establish effectiveness level of several insecticide types that were frequently used by farmers. The design used was Randomized Block Design with 7 treatments (6 insecticide types and 1 control) with 3 replications. The insecticide types examined were: 1) acephate 75%, 2) thiamethoxam 200 g/L + chlorantraniliprole 100 g/L, 3) permethrin 200 g/L, 4) chlorpyrifos 550 g/L + cypermethrin 60 g/L, 5) deltamethrin 50 g/L, 6) profenofos 500 g/L, and 7) polyculture, soybean + corn (control). The result showed that insecticide type of thiamethoxam 200 g/L + chlorantraniliprole 100 g/L was the most effective insecticide to control S. litura with soybean leaves damage intensity (15.19%) and population of Bemisia tabaci whitefly (5.07 tails plant-1). However, thiamethoxam 200 g/L + chlorantraniliprole 100 g/L mostly killed Lycosa sp. predator (0.63 tails plant-1) and Crocothemis servillia (3.26 tails plant-1). The highest predator population was found in multiple cropping of soybean and corn, C. servillia (3.94 tails plant-1), and Lycosa sp. (3.26 tails plant-1). The insecticide of chlorpyrifos 550 g/L + cypermethrin 60 g/L were effective to control soybean pod borer pest Etiella zinckenella (2.40%). Furthermore, insecticide of deltamethrin 50 g/L was effective to control Aphis glycines pest (2.05 tails plant-1). Several types of insecticides are effective in controlling S. litura, N. viridula, and B. tabasi pests, but these insecticides are also effective in killing predators. The highest predator population is soybean-corn intercropping. Keywords: Soybean, insecticides, pests, intensity of damage, predators, seed yields.

This study examines students' mathematical reasoning based on Discovery learning models in terms of gender. This research was conducted at the SMPN 3 Kendari with quasi-experimental methods involving two classes with different treatments. The simple random technique is used to determine the class of research. Class VII. 6 (experimental class) consisted of 15 women and 11 men, while class VII.9 (control class) consisted of 15 men and 7 women. The instrument used was a student's mathematical reasoning ability test consisting of four items in the form of essays tested. Data processing using 2-way ANOVA with further tests using Scheffe. The conclusion obtained is that students are given a learning discovery model, the reasoning ability of male students excels in the ability to give mathematical problems verbally and in writing provided in the form of logical diagrams that contain existing data, perform mathematical manipulation related to the problem, and ensure validity as an argument, whereas women excel in the ability to draw conclusions based on relationships between mathematical concepts. The discovery learning model can increase students' mathematical penalties and overcome gender discussions.

The study aims to determine the use of digital literacy in the students of FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo. This type of research is quantitative research conducted in the Faculty of teacher training and education Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari in the academic period of the odd semester year 2019/2020. The results of this study indicated that in the dimension of access to digital literacy use in the students of FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo with a good category of 54.83%, in the dimension of digital literacy competency in the students of FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo has a good category of 40.11%, and there are differences in the use of digital literacy in the students FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo reviewed from its dimensional. Conclusion of this research is generally a portrait of the use of digital literacy in the students of FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo categorized quite well with the dimension of access strongly affect the ability of digital literacy students FKIP Universitas Halu Oleo

This study aims to develop a grade IV comic-based Islamic Religious Education textbook as well as to determine the level of eligibility and effectiveness of its use. Initial product development is carried out through preliminary studies in the form of needs analysis and curriculum analysis. The feasibility test was carried out by a questionnaire assessment by three experts, namely material experts, media experts, and comic experts. The effectiveness level of the product can be known through individual, group trials and field trials. The research method used is the R and D or research and development method, with six steps of development, starting from the initial study, initial product, expert validation, individual and group testing, and field testing to the final product. The result is a product in the form of a comic-based grade IV Islamic Religious Education elementary school textbook that is very feasible and effective. The average score for the feasibility test was 90.05% in the Very Eligible category, while the average score for the effectiveness test was 88.67% with the Effective category.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) karakteristik perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP, (2) kevalidan perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP, dan (3) keefektifan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan melakukan pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran yang mengacu pada strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif melalui kegiatan lesson study. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) karakteristik perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP berupa perangkat pembelajaran tersusun sesuai dengan tahapan lesson study, perangkat yang hierarkis, mengikuti fase belajar eksplorasi, pengenalan, dan aplikasi; (2) perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP sangat valid untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran; dan (3) pembelajaran dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran melalui lesson study dengan strategi pembelajaran siklus belajar hipotesis deduktif pada pembelajaran matematika SMP ditinjau dari aktivitas belajar dan ketuntasan belajar telah menyebabkan peningkatan yang signifikan pada tiap pertemuannya.